You are on page 1of 30

4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog

Blog - A Blog for Students

   

Subscribe

Vidyarthiplus

Follow

Like 31K people like this. Sign Up

 see what your friends like.

ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Recommend on Google

Questions With Answers 2014 Follow @Vidyarthiplus 1,165 foll

VII Semester Mechanical Engineering


Enter your email SUBSCRIB

ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

Short Q & A

1) What is meant by nite element analysis?

Finite element method is a numerical method for solving


problems of engineering mathematical physics.

In the nite element method, instead of solving the problem for

the entire body in one operation, we formulate the equations for


each nite element and combine them to obtain the solution of
the whole body.

2) What is meant by nite element?

A small unit having de nite shape of geometry and nodes is


called nite element.

3) State the methods of engineering analysis.


http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 1/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

There are three methods of engineering analysis. They are:

1. Experimental methods.

2. Analytical methods.

3. Numerical methods or approximate methods.

4) Give examples for the nite element.

1. One dimensional elements: (a) Truss element

(b) Bar, Beam element

2. Two dimensional elements (a) Triangular element

(b) Rectangular elements

3. Three dimensional elements (a) Tetrahedral elements.

(b) Hexahedral elements.

5) What is meant by node or Joint?

Each kind of nite element has a speci c structural shape and is


Popular Posts
interconnected with the adjacent elements by nodal points or
nodes. At the nodes, degrees of freedom are located. The forces Anna University
April May 2015
will act only at nodes and not at any other place in the element. Even Semester
Exam Results

6) What do you mean by discretization? Anna University, Exam Results


for UG 2nd , 4th , 6th and also

Discretization is the basis of nite element method. The art of 8th Semester (Except All Clear

subdividing a structure into a convenient number of smaller Candidates) expected to be

components is known as discretization. announced yesterd...

Anna University - af liated


7) What are the types of boundary conditions? colleges April / May 2012
Examination Timetable for
There are two types of boundary conditions, they are Chennai , Trichy , Combaitore
, Madurai , Tirunelveli

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 2/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

Primary boundary condition. Secondary boundary condition. Anna University - af liated


colleges April / May 2012
8) What are the three phases of nite element method. (Revised) Examination
Timetable for Chennai , Trichy

The three phases are 1. Preprocessing , Combaitore , Madurai , ...

Anna University
2. Analysis Nov Dec 2014 Jan
2015 UG/PG 1st
3.Postprocessing 3rd 5th 7th Sem
Examination Results
9) What is structural and non-structural problem? Anna University,Chennai Anna
University Nov Dec 2014 UG
Structural problem: In structural problems, displacement at each PG Results Anna University
nodal point is obtained. By using these displacement solutions, UG/PG 1st 3rd 5th 7th
stress and strain in each element can be calculated. Semester Results Anna Uni...

Anna University - B.E.


Non Structural problem: In non structural problem,temperatures
Nov/Dec 2011 3rd,5th,7th
or uid pressure at each nodal point is obtained. By using these Semester Exam Results
values, Properties such as heat ow, uid ow, etcfor each
Anna University and Anna
element can be calculated.
University of Technology -
Chennai,Trichy,Combaitore,M
10) What are the methods are generally associated with the nite adurai,Tirunelveli  Exam
element analysis? Results Held on
November/December ...
The following two methods are generally associated with the
B.E Civil - Semester 5 -
nite element analysis. They are
Question Bank Collection
(Anna University)
1. Force method.
Anna University Department
of Civil Engineering -----------
2. Displacement or stiffness method
--------------------------------
--------- B.E Civil 5th
11) Explain force method and stiffness method?
Semester Question...

In force method, internal forces are considered as the unknowns


Blog Archive
of the problem. In displacement or stiffness metho, displacement
of the node are considered as the of the problem. Among them ► 2018 (41)
two approaches,dislplacement method is desirable. ► 2017 (256)

► 2016 (359)
12) What is polynomial type of interpolation functions are mostly
► 2015 (226)
used in FEM?

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 3/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

The polynomial type of interpolation functions are mostly used ▼ 2014 (338)
due to the following reasons: ► December (32)

► November (54)
1. It is easy to formulate and computerize the nite element
► October (32)
equations.
▼ September (83)

CS 2202-Digital
2. It is easy to perform differentiation or integration.
Principles and Systems
Design Two ...
3. The accuracy of the results can be improved by increasing the
BA 9210 STRATEGIC
order of the polynomial .
MANAGEMENT Two
Marks Questions W...
13) Name the variational methods.
MC9251 / MIDDLEWARE
TECHNOLOGIES Two
1.Ritz method.
Marks Questio...

2. Rayleigh – Ritz method BA9204 -


ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR
14) Name the weighted residual methods.
Questions Bank 2...

1.Point collocation method. BA9204 -


ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR Two
2. subdomain collocation method.
Marks Questi...
BA9207- LEGAL
3. Least square method
ASPECTS OF
BUSINESS Questions
4. galerkin’s method
Bank 2...

BA9202-ECONOMIC
15) What is meant by post processing?
ANALYSIS FOR
BUSINESS Questions
Analysis and evaluation of the solution results is referred to as
Ba...
post processing. Post processor computer programs help the user
BA9202-ECONOMIC
to interpret the results by displaying them in graphical form.
ANALYSIS FOR
BUSINESS Two Marks
16) What is Rayleigh ritz method?
Qu...

TOTAL QUALITY
Rayleigh ritz method is a integral approach method which is
MANAGEMENT Two
useful for solving complex structural problems, encountered in
Marks Questions With
nite element analysis. This method is possible only if a suitable
...
functional is available.

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 4/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

17)What does assemblage mean? BA9206 – ACCOUNTING


FOR MANAGEMENT
The art of subdividing a structure into a convenient number of Two Marks Quest...

smaller components is known as discretization. These smaller BA9205


components are then put together. The process of uniting the COMMUNICATION
various elements together is called assemblage. SKILLS Questions
Bank 2014

18)What is meant by DOF? BA9205-


COMMUNICATION
When the force or reaction acts at nodal point, node is subjected SKILLS Two Marks

to deformation. The deformation includes displacement, Questions W...

rotations, and/or strains. These are collectively known as degrees BA9252 RETAIL
of freedom (DOF). MANAGEMENT
Questions Bank 2014

19)What is aspect ratio? BA9264 -


ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Aspect ratio is de ned as the ratio of the largest dimension of the DEVELOPMENT
element to the smallest dimension. In many cases, as the aspect DEPARTMENT O...

ratio increases, the inaccuracy of the solution increases. The BA9264 -


conclusion of many researches is that the aspect ratio should be ENTREPRENEURSHIP
close to unity as possible. DEVELOPMENT
DEPARTMENT O...

20)What is truss element? BA 9210 STRATEGIC


MANAGEMENT
The truss elements are the part of a truss structure linked Questions Bank 2014

together by point joints, which transmit only axial force to the BA 9210 STRATEGIC
element. MANAGEMENT SEM
Two Marks Questio...
21) List the two advantages of post processing? BA 9210 STRATEGIC
MANAGEMENT
1.Required result can be obtained in graphical form. Questions Bank 2014

BA9255 CONSUMER
2. Contour diagrams can be used to understand the solution BEHAVIOUR
easily and quickly. Questions Bank 2014
BA9255 CONSUMER
22) If a displacement eld in x direction ils given by BEHAVIOUR Two
u=2x2+4y2+6xy.Determine the strain in x direction. Marks Questions
With...
U=2x2+4y2+6xy CS 2202-Digital
Principles and Systems

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 5/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

Strain,e= δu/δx= 4x +6y Design Two ...

CS 1310 - OBJECT
23) What are h and p versions of nite element method? ORIENTED ANALYSIS
AND DESIGN Two ...
H version and p versions are used to improve the accuracy of the IT2302- INFORMATION
nite element method. THEORY AND
CODING Two Marks
In h versions, the order of polynomial approximation for all Qu...
elements is kept constant and the number of elements is IT1401 – WEB
increased. TECHNOLOGY Two
Marks Questions With
In p version, the number of elements is maintained constant and A...
the order of polynomial approximation of element is increased. IT1403 MOBILE
COMPUTING Two
24) During discretization, mention the places where it is Marks Questions With
necessary to place a node A...

CS1022-Software Project
The following places are necessary to place a node during Management
discretization process. Questions Bank ...
ME 1401 - FINITE
1. Concentrated load-acting point. ELEMENT ANALYSIS
Two Marks Questi...
2. Cross section changing point ME 2202 —
ENGINEERING
3. Different material interjunction point THERMODYNAMICS
Questions Ban...
4. Sudden change in load point. Environmental Science
and Engineering Two
25) What is the difference between static and dynamic analysis? Marks Qu...

AE1351 PROPULSION-II
Static analysis: The solution of the problem does not vary with Questions Bank 2014
time is known as static analysis. VIBRATIONS &
AEROELASTICITY
Example: Stress analysis on a beam. Questions Bank 2014

BA9268-STRATEGIC
Dynamic analysis: The solution of the problem varies with time is HUMAN RESOURCE
known as dynamic analysis. MANAGEMENT AND
DEV...
Example: vibration analysis problems. BA9266 INDUSTRIAL
RELATIONS AND

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 6/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

26) Name the four FEA softwares? LABOUR WELFARE


Two...
1. ANSYS BA9254 ADVERTISING
AND SALES
2. NASTRAN PROMOTION
Questions B...
3. COSMOS AE2201 MECHANICS OF
MACHINES Two Marks
4. NISA Questions W...

BA9257 SECURITY
27) Differentiate between global and local axes. ANALYSIS AND
PORTFOLIO
Local axes are established in an element. Since it is in the MANAGEMENT ...
element level, they change with the change in orientation of the BA9257 SECURITY
element. The direction differs from element to element. ANALYSIS AND
PORTFOLIO
Global axes are de ned for the entire system. They are same in MANAGEMENT ...
direction for all the elements even though the elements are BA9257 SECURITY
differently oriented. ANALYSIS AND
PORTFOLIO
28) Distinguish between potential energy function and potential MANAGEMENT ...
energy functional. BA9258-MERCHANT
BANKING AND
If a system has nite number of degrees of freedom (q1 q2 and FINANCIAL SERVICES
q3) Que...

BA9258-MERCHANT
then the potential energy is expressed as, π = f (q1 q2 and q3) BANKING AND
FINANCIAL SERVICES
It is known as function. Two...

BA9254-ADVERTISEING
If a system has in nite degrees of freedom, then the potential AND SALES
energy is expressed as, PROMOTION Two
Marks ...

π = ∫ f .( x, y, dy/dx, d2y/dx2,….)dx BA9266-INDUSTRIAL


RELATIONS AND
It is known as functional. LABOUR WELFARE
Que...

29) What are the types of loading acting on the structure? AE1007Finite Element
Method Questions
There are three types of loading acting on the body. They are: Bank 2014

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 7/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

1. Body force (f) ME1403Computer


Integrated
2. Traction force (T) Manufacturing
Questions ...

3. Point load (P) COMPOSITE


MATERIALS AND
30) De ne body force (f). STRUCTURES
Questions Bank ...

A body force is distributed force acting on every elemental AE1401 – AVIONICS


volume of the body. Questions Bank 2014

TOTAL QUALITY
Unit: Force per unit volume. Example: Self-weight due to gravity MANAGEMENT Two
Marks Questions With
31) De ne traction force (T) ...

Environmental Science
Traction force is de ned as a distributed force acting on the and Engineering
surcace of the body Questions Ba...

2204–ELEMENTS
Unit: force per unit area. OFAERONAUTI
C ...
Examples: Frictional resistance, viscous drag, surface shear etc. AE2203 STRENGTH OF
MATERIALS Questions
32) What is point load (P) Bank 2014

EE 2365 CONTROL
Point load is force acting at a particular point, which causes ENGINEERING
displacement. Questions 2014

AE1351 PROPULSION-II
33) What are the basic steps involved in the nite element Two Marks Questions
modeling. With Answ...

IT1401- Web Technology


Finite element modeling consists of the following: Questions Bank 2014
ME 2202 —
1.Discretization of structure ENGINEERING
THERMODYNAMICS
2. Numbering of nodes. Questions Ban...

ME 1402
34) What is discretization? MECHATRONICS Two
Marks Questions With
The art of subdividing a structure into a convenient number of Answ...
smaller componentsis known as descretization.

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 8/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

35) What is the classi cation of co-ordinates? AERODYNAMICS-II


Questions Bank
The co ordinates are generally classi ed as follows: AE2303Aerodynamics-II
Questions Bank 2014
1. Global co-ordinates AE2302-AIRCRAFT
STRUCTURES-II
2. Local co-ordinates Questions Bank 2014

AE2302Aircraft
3. Natural co-ordinates structures-II Two
Marks Questions W...
36) What is Global co-ordinates? FLIGHT DYNAMICS
IMPORTANT
The points in the entire structure are de ned using co-ordinate Questions Bank
system is known as global co-ordinate system. FLIGHT DYNAMICS Two
Marks Questions With
Answers 2...
Example :
AE2204–ELEMEN
TSOFAERONAU
12345
T ...

AE2203 STRENGTH OF
123456
MATERIALS Questions
Bank 2014
37) What is natural co-ordinates?
Mechanics Of
Solids(ME1201) Two
A natural co-ordinate system is used too de ned any point inside
Marks Questions Wi...
the element by a set of dimensionless numbers, whose
Mechanics Of
magnitude never exceeds unity.This system is very useful in
Solids(ME1201) Two
assembling of stiffness matrices.
Marks Questions Wi...
CE1208 /FLUID
38) De ne shape function.
MECHANICS AND
MACHINERY
In nite element method, eld variables within an element are
Questions Ba...
generally expressed by the following approximate relation
ME 2204 FLUID
MECHANICS AND
N3 are the
MACHINERY Two
Marks Qu...
Φ(x,y) = N1(x,y) φ1 + N2(x,y) φ2 +N3(x,y) φ3
AE 2202- AERO
ENGINEERING
Where φ1, φ2 and φ3 are the values of the eld variables at the
THERMODYNAMICS
nodes and N1 ,N2 and
Two Marks...

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 9/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

interpolation functions. ME 1004 NUCLEAR


ENGINEERING
N1 ,N2 and N3 also called shape function because they are used Questions Bank 2014

to express the ME 1004 NUCLEAR


ENGINEERING
geometry or shape of the element. Questions Bank 2014
ME 1004 NUCLEAR
39) What are the characteristics of shape function? ENGINEERING Two
Marks Questions Wi...
The characterstics of shape function are as follows: ME 1402
MECHATRONICS Two
1. The shape function has unit value at one nodal point and zero Marks Questions With
value at other nodal points. Answ...

ME 1402–
2. The sum of shape function is equal to one. MECHATRONICS Two
Marks Questions With
40) Why polynomial are generally used as shape function? Ans...

TOTAL QUALITY
Polynomials are generally used as shape function due to the MANAGEMENT
following reasons. Questions Bank 2014
TOTAL QUALITY
1. Differentiation and integration of polynomial are quite easy. MANAGEMENT Two
Marks Questions With
2. The accuracy of the results can be improved by increasing the ...
order of the polynomial. TOTAL QUALITY
MANAGEMENT Two
3. It is easy to formulate and computerize the nite element Marks Questions With
equations. ...

ME2305 Applied
41) How do you calculate the size of the global stiffness matrix? Hydraulics and
Pneumatics
Global stiffness matrix size = Number of nodes X degree of Questions...
freedom per node APPLIED HYDRAULICS
AND PNEUMATICS
1) Give th general expression for element stiffness matrix. Two Marks Questi...
ME2304 Engineering
Stiffness matrix [k] = ∫ [B] T [D] [B] dv Metrology &
Measurements
[B] – Strain displacement matrix [row matrix] Questi...

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 10/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

[D] – Stress, Strain relationship matrix [Row matrix] ME1304 –


ENGINEERING
42) Write down the expression of stiffness matrix for one METROLOGY and

dimensional bar element. MEASUREMENTS


Tw...

DESIGN OF MACHINE
ELEMENTS Questions
Stiffness matrix [k] = AE 1 -1 Bank 2014
Design of Machine
L -1 1 Elements Two Marks
Questions Wit...
A - Area of the bar element. ME2302-DYNAMICS OF
MACHINERY
E –Youngs modulus of bar element Questions Bank 2014

► August (40)
L – lenth of the bar element. ► July (81)

► June (7)
43) State the properties of a stiffness matrix.
► March (1)

The properties of a stiffness matix [k] are ► January (8)

► 2013 (84)

1. It is symmetric matrix. ► 2012 (543)

► 2011 (675)
2. The sum of elements in any column must be equal to zero.

3. It is an unstable element.

So, the determinant is equal to zero.

44) Write down the general nite element equation.

General nite element equation is,

{F} = [K] {u}

{F} - Force vector [column matrix] [k] - Stiffness matrix [ row


matix]

{u} - Degrees of freedom [coloumn matrix]

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 11/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

45) Write down the nite element equation for one dimensional
two noded bar element.

The nite element equation for one-dimensional


two noded bar element is,

F1   AE   1 -1 u1

F2 = L -1   1 u2

46) What is truss?

A truss is de ned as a structure, made up of several bars, riveted


or welded together.

47) State the assumptions are made while nding the forces in a
truss.

The following assumptions are made while nding the forces in a


truss.

1. All the members are pin jointed.

2. The truss is loaded only at the joints.

3. The self-wight of the members is neglected unless stated.

48) Write down the expression of stiffness matrix for a truss


element.

Stiffness matrix [k] = Ae Ee l2 lm -l2 -lm

Lm m2 -lm -m2

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 12/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

L -l2 -lm l2 lm

-lm -m2 lm m2

A – Area

E – Youngs modulus

le - Length of the element l,m – Direction cosines

49) Write down the expression of shape function N and


displacement u for one- dimensional bar element.

For one dimensional bar element

Displacement function, u= N1 u1 + N2 U2

Where, shape function N1 = l-x / l

shape function N2= x/l

50) De ne total potential energy.

The total potential energy π of an elastic body, is de ned as the


sum of total strain energy U and potential energy of the external
forces,(W).

Total potential energy, π = Strain energy (U) + Potential energy of


the external forces (W).

51) State the principle of minimum potential energy.

The principle of minimum potential energy states: Among all the


displacement equations that satisfy internal compatibility and
the boundary conditions, those that also satisfy the equations of
equilibrium make the potential energy a minimum in a stable
system.

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 13/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

52) What is the stationary property of total potential energy?

If a body is in equilibrium, its total potential energy π is


stationary.

For stable equilibrium, δ2π >0 , other wise π is minimum for


stable equilibrium. For neutral equilibrium, δ2π = 0. In this case π
is unchanging.

For unstable equilibrium, δ2π < 0 , other wise π is maximum.

53) State the principle of virtual work?

A body is in equilibrium if the internal virtual work equals the


external virtual work for every kinematical admissible
displacement eld.

54) Distinguish between essential boundary conditions and


natural boundary conditions.

There are two types of boundary conditions. They are:

1. Primary boundary condition (or) Essential boundary condition

The boundary condition, which in terms of eld variable, is


known as primary boundary condition.

2. Secondary boundary condition or natural boundary conditions:

The boundary conditions, which are in the differential form of


eld variables, are known as secondary boundary condition.

Example: A bar is subjected to axial load as shown in g.

U= 0

EA du/dx = p

In this problem, displacement u at node 1 = 0, that is primary


boundary condition.

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 14/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

EA du/dx = P, that is secondary


boundary condition.

55) What are differences between boundary value problem and


initial value problem?

The solution of differential equation is obtained for physical


problems, which satis es some speci ed conditions known as
boundary conditions.

The differential equation together with these boundary


conditions, subjected to a boundary value problem.

The differential equation together with initial conditions


subjected to an initial value problem.

Examples: Boundary value problem. d2y/dx2 - a(x) dy/dx – b(x)y


–c(x) = 0

with boundary conditions, y(m) = α and y(n) = β

initia l value problem, ax2 + bx + c =0

Boundary conditions: x(0) = 0

X(0) = 7

56) How do you de ne two-dimensional elements?


http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 15/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

Two dimensional elements are de ned by three or nodes in a two


dimensional plane(ie x,y plane). The basic element useful for two
dimensional analysis is the triangular element.

57) What is CST element?

Three-nodded triangular element is known Constant Strain


Triangle (CST) which is shown in g. it has six unknown
displacement degrees of free (u1 v1 u2 v2, u3

v3 ). The element is called CST because it has a constant strain


through it.

V3

3 u3

V2

U2

V1

1 U1

Merit:

Calculation of stiffness matrix is easier. Demerit:

The strain variation with in the element is considered as


constant. So, the results will be poor.

58) What is LST element?


http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 16/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

Six noded triangular elements are known as linear strain triangle


(LST), which is shown in g. It has twelve unknown displacement
degrees of freedom. The displacement functions for the element
are quadratic instead of linear as in the CST.

65

142

59) What is QST element?

Ten noded triangular elements is known as quadratic strain


triangle (QST), which is shown if, g. it is also called cubic
displacement triangle.

9 10 6

1452

60) What is meant by plane stress analysis?

Plane stress is de ned to be a state in which the normal stress (σ)


and shear stress directed perpendicular to the plane is assumed
to be zero.

61) De ne plane strain analysis

Plane strain is de ned to be a state of strain in which the strain


normal to the xy plane and the shear strains are assumed to be
zero.

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 17/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

62) Write a displacement function equation for CST


element.

Displacement function u = u (x,y) N1 0 N2 0 N3 0 U1

v(x,y) 0 N1 0 N2 0 N3 V1

U2

V2

U3

V3

Where N1, N2, N3 are shape functions.

63) Write a strain-displacement matrix for CST element.

Strain displacement matrix for CST element is

Q1 0 q2 0 q3 0

[B] = 1/2A 0 r1 0 r2 0 r3

R1 q1 r2 q2 r3 q3

Where A = Area of the element

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 18/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

Q1 = y2 –y3 q2 = y3 –y1 q3 = y1-y2

R1= x3 –x2 r2= x1 –x3 r3= x2 –x1

64) Write down the stress strain relationship matrix for plane
strain condition.

For plane strain problems, stress strain relationship matrix is,

(1-V) V 0

[ D] = E 0 ( 1-V) 0 (1+V)(1-2V) 0 0 1-2V/2

65) Write down the stiffness matrix equation for two-dimensional


CST element.

Stiffness matrix, [k] = [B]T [D] [B] A t

[B] = Strain displacement matrix

[D] = Stress strain matrix

A = Area of the element

T = Thickness of the element

66) Write down the stress strain relation ship matrix for plane
stress condition.

For plane stress problem, stress strain relation ship matrix is

1-v v 0 [D] = E 0 1-v 0

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 19/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

(1+v)(1-2v) 0 0 1-2v/2

67) Write down the expression for the shape function for a
constant strain triangular element.

For CST element,

Shape function, N1 = P1 + q1x + r1y

2A

N2 = p2+q2x+r2y

2A

Where P1= x2y3 – x3 y2

P2= x3y1 – x1 y3

P3= x1y2 – x2 y1

q1= y2 – y3

q2= y3 – y1

q3= y1 – y2

N3 = p3+q3x+r3y

2A

r1= x3 – x2 r2= x1 – x3 r3= x2 – x1

68) What is axisymmetric element?

Many three dimensional problems in engineering exhibit


symmetry about an axis of rotation. Such types of problems are
solved by a special two-dimensional element called the
axisymmetric element.

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 20/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

69) What are the conditions for a problem to axisymmetric?

1. The problem domain must be symmetric about the axis of


revolution.

2. All boundary conditions must be symmetric about the axis of


revolution.

3. All loading condition must be symmetric about the axis of


revolution.

70) Write down the displacement equation for an axisymmetric


triangular element.

Displacement function, u(r,z) = u(r,z) N1 0 N2 0 N3 0


u1

w(r,z) 0 N1 0 N2 0 N3

w1

u2

w2 u3 w3

71) Write down the shape function for an axisymmetric triangular


element.

N1 = α1 x+ β1y +Ѵ1z

2A

N2 = α2 x+ β2y +Ѵ2z
http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 21/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

2A

N3 = α3 x+ β3y +Ѵ3z

2A

Where α1 = r2z3 – r3 z2

α2 = r3z1 – r1 z3

α3 = r1z2 – r2 z1 β1= y2 – y3

β 2= z3 – z1

β 3= z1 – z2

Ѵ1= r3 – r2 Ѵ 2= r1 – r3 Ѵ 3= r2 – r1

72) Give the strain-displacement matrix equation for an


axisymmetric triangular element.

Strain-displacement matrix,

β1 0 β 2 0 β 3

[B]= 1/2A α1/r1+ β1 + Ѵ1z/r 0 α1/r1+ β1 + Ѵ1z/r 0 α1/r1+ β1 +


Ѵ1z/r 0

0 Ѵ1 0 Ѵ2 0

Ѵ3

Ѵ1 Ѵ2 Ѵ3

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 22/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

73) Write down the stress - strain relation ship matrix for an
axisymmetric triangular element.

1-Ѵ Ѵ Ѵ 0

E Ѵ 1-Ѵ Ѵ 0

Stress- strain relationship matrix,[D] (1+ Ѵ)(1-2 Ѵ) Ѵ Ѵ 1- Ѵ

Ѵ/2

0 0 0 1-2

E – youngs modulus

V – poisson ratio

74) Give the stiffness matrix equation for an axisymmetric


triangular element.

Stiffness matrix, [k] = 2π r A [B] T [D] [B] Where, co-ordinate r =


r1 + r2 + r3 /3

A – area of the triangular element.

75) What are the ways in which a three dimensional problem can
be reduced to a two dimensional approach.

1. Plane stress: One dimension is too small when compared to


other two dimensions.

Example: gear – thickness is small

2. Plane strain: one dimension is too large when compard to


other two dimensions example : Long pipe [length is long
http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 23/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

compared to diameter]

3. Axisymmetric : geometry is symmetric about the axis.

Example: cooling tower

76) Calculate the jacobian of the transformation J for the


triangular element shown if g.

z 1 (3,6)

1(2,3) 2(5,3)

r1 =2 ; r2 =5; r3 = 3 z1 = 3 ;z2 = 3; z3 = 6

j = r1 - r3 z1- z3 = -1 -3

r2 - r3 z2- z3 2 -3

J = 3+6 = 9 units

77) What is the purpose of isoparametric elements?

It is dif cult to represent the curved boundaries by straight edges


nite elements. A large number of nite elements may be used to
obtain reasonable resemblance between original body and
assemblage. In order to overcome this drawback, isoparametric
elements are used i.e. for problems involving curved boundaries;
a family of elements known as “isoparametic elements” is used

78) Write down the shape function for 4 noded rectangular


elements using natural co-ordinate system.

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 24/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

Shape functions: N1 = ¼ (1-Є) (1-η) N2 = ¼ (1+Є) (1-η)

N3 = ¼ (1+Є) (1+η)

N4 = ¼ (1-Є) (1+η)

Where, Є and η are natural co-ordinates.

79) Write down the jacobian matrix for four noded quadrilateral
element.

Jacobian matrix,[ J ] = J11 J12

J21 J22

Where, J11 = ¼[-(1- η)x1 + (1- η)x2 + (1+η)x3 - (1+ η)x4 ] J12 =
¼[-(1- η)y1 + (1- η)y2 + (1+η)y3 - (1+ η)y4 ]

J21 = ¼[-(1- Є)x1 - (1+ Є)x2 + (1+ Є)x3 + (1- Є)x4 ] J22 = ¼[-(1-
Є)y1 - (1+ Є)y2 + (1+ Є)y3 + (1- Є)y4 ]

Where, Є and η are natural co-ordinates.

x1 x2 x3 x4 y1 y2 y3 y4 are Cartesian coordinates.

80) Write down the stiffness matrix equation for four noded
isoparametric quadrilateral elements.

11

Stiffness matrix, [k] = t ∫ ∫ [B]T [D] [B] X |J| X δ Є X δ η

-1 -1

Where t = thickness of the element

|J|=Determinant of the jacobian Є and η are natural co-ordinates


[B] Strain displacement matrix

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 25/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

[D] Stress strain relationship matrix

81) Write down the element force vector equation for four noded
quadrilateral elements.

Force vector, {F} = [N] T Fx

Fy

N is the shape function

Fx is the load or force in x direction

Fy is the force on y direction

82) Write down the Gaussian quadrature expression for numerical


integration.

Gaussian quadrature expression

1n

∫ f(x) dx = ∑ wi f(xi)

-1 i=1

Wi weight function

F(xi) values of the function at pre-determined sampling points.

83) De ne super parametric element.

If the number nodes used for de ning the geometry is more than
number of nodes used for de ning the displacements is known as
super parametric element.

84) What is meant by sub parametric element?

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 26/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

If the number of nodes used for de ning the geometry is less


than number of nodes used for de ning the desplacements
known as isoparametric element.

85) What is meant by iso parametric element?

If the number of nodes used for de ning the geometry is same as


number of nodes used for de ning the displacements is know as
isoparametric element.

86) Is beam element an isoparametric element?

Beam element is not an isoparametric element since the


geometry and displacements are de ned by different order
interpolation functions.

87) What is the difference between natural co-ordinates and


simple natural co- ordinate?

A natural co-ordinate is one whose value lies between zero and


one. Examples: L2 = x/l; l = (1-x/l)

Area co-ordinates : L1 = A1/A ; L2 = A2/A ; L3 = A3/A

A simple natural co ordinates is one whose value lies between -1


to +1

88) Give examples for essential (forced or geometric) and non-


essential (natural)

boundary conditions.

The geometric boundary conditions are displacement, slopes, etc.


the natural boundary conditions are bending moment, shear
force,etc.

Descriptive type

89) Explain the general steps in FEA with the help of a owchart?

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 27/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

90) A beam AB of span ‘L’ simply supported at ends and carrying


a concentrated load

‘W’ at the center ‘C’. Determine the de ection at midspan by


using the Rayleigh- Ritz method.

91) Solve the equations using Gauss- Elimination method

2x + 4y +2z = 15

2x + y + 2 z = -5

4x + y – 2z = 0

92) Describe the four types of weighted residual method.

93) Derive the stiffness matrix [K] for the truss element

94) Derive the shape function for one-dimensional bar element.

95) Using nite element, nd the stress distribution in a


uniformly tapering bar of circular cross sectional area 3cm2 and 2
cm2 at their ends, length 100mm, subjected to an axial tensile
load of 50 N at smaller end and xed at larger end. Take the value
of Youngs modulus as 2 x

105N/mm2.

96) (i) Explain the Galerkin’s method.

(ii) Explain the Gaussian elimination.

97) Derive the constitutive matrix for 2D element.

98) Derive the expression for the stiffness matrix for an


axisymmetric shell element.

99) Explain the terms plane stress and plane strain conditions.
Give the constitutive laws for these cases.

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 28/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students

100) Derive the element stiffness matrix for a linear


isoparametric quadrilateral element.

101) Evaluate the integral by using Gaussian quadrature ∫ x2dx.

-------------------------------------------------------------------

Anna University, Chennai

Labels: ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS, ME 1401 -


FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS 2 Marks

8 comments

Add a comment as HOD Department of Mech.

Top comments

Pratik Sawarkar 1 month ago  -  Shared publicly


 Thanks for a wonderful article

1  ·  Reply

Chinna Naik 4 months ago  -  Shared publicly


 Answers for the questions are very easy and it is very helpful. Thanks for giving lot of information thank you 🙏🙏

1  ·  Reply

Vinod Chaudhary 11 months ago  -  Shared publicly


Thanks for solution
http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 29/30
4/6/2018 ME 1401 - FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Two Marks Questions With Answers 2014 ~ Vidyarthiplus (V+) Blog - A Blog for Students
 Thanks..for solution

1  ·  Reply

Purva Mhatre 1 year ago  -  Shared publicly


 It was easy to nd and really helpful... Thank you

1  ·  Reply

swetha manne 1 year ago  -  Shared publicly


 thanks a lot for giving this information and it is very helpful tome

1  ·  Reply

Ajay Kumar 1 year ago  -  Shared publicly


 Thanks you for giving this information

1  ·  Reply

Ashish Bhong 1 year ago  -  Shared publicly


 Thanks for lots of information.

1  ·  Reply

abhishek mahadik 2 years ago  -  Shared publicly


 thanks for info

1  ·  Reply

Newer Post Home Older Post

Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)

COPYRIGHT © 2018 VIDYARTHIPLUS (V+) BLOG - A BLOG FOR STUDENTS | POWERED BY BLOGGER

http://www.vidyarthiplus.in/2014/09/me-1401-finite-element-analysis-two.html 30/30

You might also like