International Journal of

Emerging Research in Management &Technology Research Article May

ISSN: 2278-9359 (Volume-6, Issue-5) 2017
Special Issue of International Conference on Emerging Trends in Science & Engineering (ICETSE–2017)
Conference Held by IEAE India, at Coorg Institute of Technology, Ponnampet, Karnataka, India

Wind & Seismic Analysis of Multistory Building

Aniket A.Kale S.A.Rasal
P.G Student, DattaMeghe Collage of Engineering, Assistance professor, DattaMeghe Collage of Engineering,
Airoli, Navi Mumbai-400 708, Airoli, Navi Mumbai-400 708,
Maharashtra, India Maharashtra, India

Abstract: Now a day the multistoried building structures are widely adopted in major cities in India. Many major cities
are very closer to the coastal windy area with some of important cities with dock comes under very active live seismic
zone which is big problem for high rise multistorey buildings. The manual analysis of such a complex structure are
too hectic & time consuming. It is very necessary to find the solution on this issue instantly. So the wind & seismic
analysis of the structures done by the advance software CSI ETABS. In this proposed study four different shapes of
same area multistorey model is generated & tested by the ETABS under the guideline of IS-875-Part3 & IS1893-2002-
Part1. The behavior of 15, 30 & 45 storey building has been studied. The Dynamic effects also find by Response
spectrum method. All the parameters like Story displacement, Story drift, Base shear, Overturning moments Mz,
Acceleration & Time period are calculated. Stability wise comparison has been done for different storey & for various
shapes. After comparing the all building shape results we can conclude that which section is convenient & either
seismic or wind effect is critical.

Keywords—Seismic analysis, Wind analysis, Multi-storey, Response spectrum method, ETABS

I. INTRODUCTION
Recently there has been a considerable increase in the number of tall buildings, both residential and commercial, and the
modern trend is towards taller structures. Tall Buildings are a common feature these days in both developed and
developing economies and with the increase in population and lack of open spaces instead of single storied constructions,
multi-storied buildings are increasingly becoming popular and hence special consideration need to be given for the
analysis of these structures by considering the dynamic nature of wind & earthquake. Thus the effects of lateral loads like
winds loads, earthquake forces are attaining increasing importance and almost every designer is faced with the problem
of providing adequate strength and stability against lateral loads. For this reason, to estimate wind load and earthquake
loading on high-risebuilding design.
As the demand for taller, lighter and slenderer structures continues to increase, so does the importance of designing for
wind induced building motion. Tall structures that meet the code for lateral drift requirements can still sway in strong
winds. The recent disasters in United States due to the hurricanes also prove that existing buildings are not fully wind
resistant. Therefore, it becomes necessary to review the computing techniques that are currently in use for the
determination of along and across wind load.
The importance of wind engineering is emerging in India ever since the need for taller and slender buildings. Considering
the ever increasing population as well as limited space, horizontal expansion is no more a viable solution especially in
metropolitan cities. There is enough technology to build super-tall buildings today, but in India we are yet to catch up
with the technology which is already established in other parts of the world. However, the other force which effect most
on high rise building are the lateral forces caused by earthquakes. When buildings grow taller, they become flexible and
they are moving away from the high frequency earthquake waves.
In general, for design of tall buildings both wind as well as earthquake loads need to be considered. Governing criteria
for carrying out dynamic analyses for earthquake loads are different from wind loads. According to the provisions of
Bureau of Indian Standards for earthquake load, IS 1893(Part 1):2002, height of the structure, seismic zone, vertical and
horizontal irregularities, soft and weak storey necessitates dynamic analysis for earthquake load. The contribution of the
higher mode effects are included in arriving at the distribution of lateral forces along the height of the building. As per IS
875(Part 3):1987, when wind interacts with a building, both positive and negative pressures occur simultaneously, the
building must have sufficient strength to resist the applied loads from these pressures to prevent wind induced building
failure. Load exerted on the building envelope are transferred to the structural system and they in turn must be transferred
through the foundation into the ground, the magnitude of the wind pressure is a function of exposed basic wind speed,
topography, building height, internal pressure, and building shape.
The main objective of this study is to carry out the analysis of G+15, G+30 & G+45 multi stored commercial building
against earthquake and wind loads as per Indian standard codes of practice IS 1893(Part 1):2002 and IS 875(Part 3):1987.
First, the sensitivity of base shear, scale factor, zone factor, horizontal seismic coefficient, average response acceleration
coefficient of the building with respect to the location of the building at very severe seismic zones in India is
investigated. The wind loads and earthquake loads on the building are calculated assuming the building to be located at
very severe seismic zone with windy area costal area. The member forces are calculated with load combinations for Limit
State Method given in IS 456: 2000 and the members are designed for the most critical member forces among them. The
building is subjected to self-weight, dead load, live load as per IS 875(Part 1, Part 2):1987. Safety of the structure is

© www.ermt.net, All Rights Reserved Page | 25

 Kale et al., International Journal of Emerging Research in Management &Technology
ISSN: 2278-9359 (Volume-6, Issue-6)
checked against allowable limits prescribed for base shear, roof displacements, inter-storey drifts and accelerations in
codes of practice and other references in literature on effects of earthquake and wind loads on buildings.
This paper describes wind and seismic analysis of high-rise building in very severe zones of Indian subcontinent. For the
analysis purpose a 15-storey, 30-storey & 45-storey with four different shapes (Rectangular, Square, Triangular &
Circular) of reinforced concrete framed structure is selected. The wind loads are estimated by Indian code IS: 875 (Part-
3)-1987 and earthquake loads are estimated by IS 1893: 1984.

II. DESCRIPTION OF BUILDING MODEL

The structural analysis of G+15, G+30 & G+45 storey reinforced concrete of all four shapes buildings is done with the
help of CSI Etabs15 software. The building is assumed as commercial building. Regular plan of the structure and
irregular plan of the structures are shown in fig. The structure is assumed to be located in seismic zone V on a site with
medium soil and Special Moment Resisting Frame. These buildings have approximately the same plan area of about
900m2.
Table -1: Building Details
Grade of Concrete M40
Grade of Reinforcing steel HYSD Fe500
Dimension of beam 450X650 mm
Dimension of column 800X650 mm
Thickness of Slab 200 mm
Height of bottom storey 4.5 m
Height of remaining storey 3.5m
Live Load 5 KN/m2
Dead Load 2 KN/m2
Density of concrete 25 KN/m3
Seismic Intensity Very severe
Site type II
Importance factor 1.5
Response reduction factor 5
Zone factor 0.36
Damping ratio 5%
Structural class C
Wind speed zone V
Basic wind speed 55 m/s
Risk coefficient (K1) 1.08
Terrain size coefficient (K2) 1.14
Topography factor (K3) 1.36
Wind design code IS 875:1987 (Part 3)
RCC design code IS 456:2000
Steel design code IS 800:2007
Earthquake design code IS 1893:2002 (Part1)
Load combinations As per IS 1893:2002 (Part1)
& IS 456:2000

Fig1: Square shape Fig2: Rectangular Shape

© www.ermt.net, All Rights Reserved Page | 26
 Kale et al., International Journal of Emerging Research in Management &Technology
ISSN: 2278-9359 (Volume-6, Issue-6)

Fig3: Triangular Shape Fig4: Circular Shape

III. RESULTS
Some comparison results obtained for 15, 30 & 45 storey for different shapes are given below:

max Fy comparison

Circle

Triangle

Square

Rectangle

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000

Rectangle Square Triangle Circle

45-Storey 12996 13117 13121 10954
30-Storey 7890 8253 8234 6893
15-Storey 3349 4109 4567 4991

45-Storey 30-Storey 15-Storey

max. Displacement
Circle
Triangle
Square
Rectangle

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900

Rectangle Square Triangle Circle

45-Storey 764 525 562 413
30-Storey 387 316 435 264
15-Storey 205 250 280 247

45-Storey 30-Storey 15-Storey

© www.ermt.net, All Rights Reserved Page | 27

 Kale et al., International Journal of Emerging Research in Management &Technology
ISSN: 2278-9359 (Volume-6, Issue-6)

max Moment Mz

Circle

Triangle

Square

Rectangle

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700

Rectangle Square Triangle Circle

45-Storey 301 610 589 392
30-Storey 268 340 426 307
15-Storey 243 250 154 205

45-Storey 30-Storey 15-Storey

15, 30 & 45 storey coparison of EL &WL

Circle
Triangle
Square
Rectangle

Circle
Triangle
Square
Rectangle

Circle
Triangle
Square
Rectangle

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Recta Squar Triang Recta Squar Triang Recta Squar Triang

Circle Circle Circle
ngle e le ngle e le ngle e le
Wind load 128 216 123 184 296 386 415 297 254 401 599 322
Earthquak load 219 282 110 67 207 409 423 373 331 704 600 202

Wind load Earthquak load

© www.ermt.net, All Rights Reserved Page | 28

 Kale et al., International Journal of Emerging Research in Management &Technology
ISSN: 2278-9359 (Volume-6, Issue-6)

Comparison of circular shape values

max.EL

max.WL

max.Displacement

Mz

Mx

Fz

Fx

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450

max.Displace
Fx Fz Mx Mz max.WL max.EL
ment
45-storey 213 135 110 349 411 201 341
30-storey 258 152 122 388 265 322 309
15-storey 133 142 239 188 266 247 60

45-storey 30-storey 15-storey

Comparison values for Rectangular

max.EL

max.WL

max.Displacement

Mz

Mx

Fz

Fx

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900

max.Displace
Fx Fz Mx Mz max.WL max.EL
ment
45-storey 185 371 799 332 754 313 262
30-storey 171 228 402 308 267 204 298
15-storey 159 172 286 289 255 156 281

45-storey 30-storey 15-storey

IV. CONCLUSION
1) Circular structure of 15-storey is most stable structure for maximum earthquake.
2) Triangular structure for 15-storey building is most stable for maximum wind effect.
3) 30-storey rectangular shape building is most stable for maximum earthquake & wind effect.
4) For 45-storey circular & rectangular shape building is most stable for maximum earthquake & wind effect
respectively.

© www.ermt.net, All Rights Reserved Page | 29

 Kale et al., International Journal of Emerging Research in Management &Technology
ISSN: 2278-9359 (Volume-6, Issue-6)
5) 15 & 30 storey buildings are least stable with respect to displacement.
6) 45-storey rectangular building is least stable in displacement.
7) 15-storey triangular shape, rectangular shape for 30-storey and circular shape for 45-storey buildings are most
stable for maximum Mz moment.
8) 15-storey rectangular shape, 30-storey circular shape andrectangular shape for 45 storey buildings are most
stable at maximum Fy force.
9) It shows that wind effect is critical for 45 storeys building & in other hand seismic is critical at 15 storey & 30
storey building.
10) Wind effect is more critical than earthquake.

REFERENCES
These are some references which clears the idea of topic & helps a lot to improve the development regarding the actual
analysis are as follows:
[1] IS 875-3 (1987): Code of Practice for Design Loads (Other than Earthquake) for Buildings and Structures, Part
3: Wind Loads [CED 37: Structural Safety].
[2] IS 1893-1 (2002): Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures, Part 1: General Provisions and
Buildings [CED 39: Earthquake Engineering]
[3] Anupam Rajmani, Prof. Priyabrata Guha (2015),Analysis of wind & earthquake load for different shapes of high
rise building, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), ISSN 0976 – 6308 (Print),
ISSN 0976 -6316(Online), Volume 6, Issue 2, February (2015), pp. 38-45 © IAEME.
[4] Pardeshi sameer, Prof. N. G. Gore (2016), Study of seismic analysis and design of multi storey symmetrical and
asymmetrical building, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -
0056 Volume: 03 Issue: 01, Jan-2016.
[5] Sanhik Kar Majumder, Prof. Priyabrata Guha (2014), Comparison Between Wind And Seismic Load On
Different Types Of Structures, International Journal of Engineering Science Invention, Volume 3 Issue 4 || April
2014 || PP.41-54.
[6] Prof Tanveer Asif Zerdi, Mohammad Tayyab Ali, Mohammed Shahid Ali Aejaz &Mudassar Jamal (2016),
Seismic Analysis of Multi-Storeyed Building (G+15) With Regular and Irregular Frame Structure, Indian
journal of applied research, Volume: 6 | Issue: 5 | May 2016 | ISSN - 2249-555X | IF: 3.919 | IC Value: 74.50.
[7] Dr. Raghvendra Singh, Prof. Sumit Pahwa, Ambar Gupta (2014), Seismic behavior of buildings having vertical
irregularities, Universe of Emerging Technologies and Science,Volume I Issue V – October 2014.
[8] C.M. Ravi Kumar, K.S. Babu Narayan, M.H. Prashanth, H.B Manjunatha and D. Venkat Reddy (2012), Seismic
performance evaluation of rc buildings with vertical irregularity, Iset golden jubilee symposium, Paper No.
E012.
[9] K. Rama Raju, M.I. Shereef, Nagesh R Iyer, S. Gopalakrishnan (2013), Analysis and design of rc tall building
subjected to wind and earthquake loads, The Eighth Asia-Pacific Conference on Wind Engineering (APCWE-
VIII), doi:10.3850/978-981-07-8012-8 166.
[10] Dr. K. R. C. Reddy, Sandip A. Tupat (2014), The effect of zone factors on wind and earthquake loads of high-
rise structures, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE), PP 53-58.
[11] Mr. S.Mahesh & Mr. Dr.B.Panduranga Rao (2014), Comparison of analysis and design of regular and irregular
configuration of multi Story building in various seismic zones and various types of soils using ETABS and
STAAD, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE), Volume 11, Issue 6 Ver. I (Nov-
Dec. 2014), PP 45-52.
[12] E. Pavan Kumar, A. Naresh, M. Nagajyothi, M. Rajasekhar (2014), Earthquake Analysis of Multi Storied
Residential Building - A Case Study, Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, Vol. 4, Issue
11(Version 1), November 2014, pp.59-64.
[13] Prof. S.S. Patil, Miss. S.A. Ghadge, Prof. C.G. Konapure, Prof. Mrs. C.A. Ghadge (2013), Seismic Analysis of
High-Rise Building by Response Spectrum Method, International Journal Of Computational Engineering
Research, Vol. 3 Issue. 3.
[14] Azlan Adnan, Suhana Suradi (2008), Comparison on the effect of earthquake and wind loads on the
performance of reinforced concrete buildings, The 14 th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,
October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China.

© www.ermt.net, All Rights Reserved Page | 30