Manual Dfa100 en

DYNAMIC FOAM ANALYZER – DFA100
USER MANUAL
VERSION 4-07
Table of contents page 3
Table of contents
SPA C SPA C SPAC SPAC
In the electronic version of this document, click on the desired line of the table of contents to jump to the
corresponding chapter. You can jump back to the table of contents by clicking the head section of any page.
1 General information ............................................................................... 7

1.1 Reference to other user manuals .............................................................................................................................. 7
1.2 Symbols and text highlighting ................................................................................................................................... 7
1.2.1 Symbols ................................................................................................................................................................ 7
1.2.2 Text highlighting .............................................................................................................................................. 8
1.3 Intended use and application restrictions ............................................................................................................. 8

1.4 Comprehensiveness of the printed version and the electronic manual ................................................... 8
1.5 Technical Support ........................................................................................................................................................... 9
2 For your safety ....................................................................................... 10

2.1 Safety Instructions ......................................................................................................................................................... 10
2.1.1 General safety instructions ......................................................................................................................... 10

2.1.1 Safety instruction for using and disposing of hazardous substances ...................................... 11
2.1.2 Safety information for fitting and filling the measuring column................................................ 11
2.1.3 Safety information concerning overflow protection........................................................................ 11
2.2 Warning information.................................................................................................................................................... 12
3 Overview of the DFA100 basic instrument ................................. 13

3.1 Measuring principle for the height measurement ........................................................................................... 13
3.1.1 Design and principle of operation .......................................................................................................... 13
3.1.2 Phase detection .............................................................................................................................................. 13
3.1.3 Foam height ..................................................................................................................................................... 13
3.1.4 Timing and evaluation of the foam experiment ................................................................................ 14
3.2 Controls ............................................................................................................................................................................. 15
3.2.1 Base unit (front) .............................................................................................................................................. 15

3.2.2 Base unit (rear) ................................................................................................................................................ 16
3.2.3 Column holder (standard) .......................................................................................................................... 17
3.2.4 Measuring column (standard)................................................................................................................... 18
4 Setup and starting up ......................................................................... 19

4.1 Opening the transport packing and checking the scope of supply ......................................................... 19
4.2 Location and ambient conditions ........................................................................................................................... 19
KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

page 4 Table of contents
4.3 Transport ........................................................................................................................................................................... 20

4.4 Connectors and connections .................................................................................................................................... 21
4.4.1 Power supply.................................................................................................................................................... 21

4.4.2 Connecting a computer ............................................................................................................................... 21
4.4.3 Connect external gas supply (optional) ................................................................................................ 22
4.4.4 Connecting the electrode adapter .......................................................................................................... 22
4.4.5 Connecting the PA4570 module for foam structure analysis ...................................................... 23
4.4.6 Fitting the infrared strip instead of the LED strip.............................................................................. 23
5 Preparing the foam height measurement .................................. 26

5.1 Fitting the column and filter plate in the column holder.............................................................................. 26
5.2 Fitting the column holder .......................................................................................................................................... 29
5.3 Adjusting the LED and line sensor spacing ........................................................................................................ 30
5.4 Setting the gas flow...................................................................................................................................................... 30
5.5 Filling with the sample ................................................................................................................................................ 31
5.6 Using the external gas supply .................................................................................................................................. 31
6 Column holder with stirrer SH4512 (optional) .......................... 32

6.1 Fixing a safety strip to the measuring column .................................................................................................. 32
6.2 Fitting the column in the column holder ............................................................................................................. 33
6.2.1 Column holder components...................................................................................................................... 33

6.2.2 Procedure .......................................................................................................................................................... 33
6.3 Modular stirrer head SR4520 (optional) ............................................................................................................... 35
6.3.1 Available stirring blades .............................................................................................................................. 35

6.3.2 Changing the stirring blade ....................................................................................................................... 35
7 Preparing the liquid content measurement (optional) .......... 36

7.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................... 36
7.2 Procedure ......................................................................................................................................................................... 37
8 PA4570 for optical foam structure analysis (optional) ........... 39

8.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................... 39
8.2 Setup .................................................................................................................................................................................. 41
8.2.1 Mounting the module on the instrument ............................................................................................ 41
8.2.2 Connecting the illumination unit ............................................................................................................. 42
8.3 Camera and lens ............................................................................................................................................................ 42

8.3.1 Information on the required field of view ............................................................................................ 42
8.3.2 Fitting spacer(s) and lens ............................................................................................................................ 43

Table of contents page 5
8.3.3 Connecting the camera ............................................................................................................................... 45
8.4 Preparations for measurement ................................................................................................................................ 45
8.4.1 Adjusting the measuring height .............................................................................................................. 45

8.4.2 Fitting the measuring column................................................................................................................... 47
8.4.3 Aligning the camera with the prism surface ....................................................................................... 47
8.4.4 Focus ................................................................................................................................................................... 48
9 Using filter paper instead of a filter plate (optional) .............. 49

9.1 Fitting the measuring column with filter paper in the column holder .................................................... 49
9.2 Inserting the column holder ..................................................................................................................................... 49
10 SH4503 column holder for external foaming (optional) ....... 50

10.1 Using with a KRÜSS measuring column ............................................................................................................... 50
10.1.1 Fixing the measuring column .................................................................................................................... 50
10.1.2 Foaming and fitting the column holder................................................................................................ 51
10.2 Using with other measuring vessels which are closed at the bottom ..................................................... 51
10.2.1 Changing over the column holder .......................................................................................................... 51
10.2.2 Fixing the measuring vessel ....................................................................................................................... 51
11 CY4502/04 small measuring column (optional) ....................... 52

11.1 Preparing the column holder for the small measuring column ................................................................. 52
11.2 Fitting the seals and the measuring column ...................................................................................................... 53
12 Temperature-controllable column and temperature sensor

(optional) ................................................................................................. 55
12.1 Connecting a CY4503/4504 temperature-controllable measuring column .......................................... 55
12.1.1 Fitting the column and column holder ................................................................................................. 55

12.1.2 Connecting the thermostat ........................................................................................................................ 55
12.2 Fitting the temperature sensor ................................................................................................................................ 56
13 Calibration tool CP4501 (optional) ................................................ 59

13.1 Scope of supply .............................................................................................................................................................. 59
13.2 Preparation....................................................................................................................................................................... 59
13.3 Using the calibration tool .......................................................................................................................................... 61
13.4 Carrying out a calibration measurement ............................................................................................................. 62

page 6 Table of contents
14 Light shield PA4502 against extraneous light (optional) ...... 63

14.1 Components .................................................................................................................................................................... 63
14.2 Mounting .......................................................................................................................................................................... 64
14.3 Measuring with a temperature sensor.................................................................................................................. 65
15 Cleaning ................................................................................................... 66
15.1 Cleaning the measuring column ............................................................................................................................. 66
15.2 Cleaning the sealing rings ......................................................................................................................................... 67
15.3 Cleaning the filter plate .............................................................................................................................................. 67
15.3.1 Cleaning with the help of the optional TO4501 holder ................................................................. 67
15.3.2 Cleaning without auxiliary equipment................................................................................................... 71
15.4 Cleaning the hose inside the column holder ..................................................................................................... 71

15.4.1 Blowing out the hose ................................................................................................................................... 72
15.4.2 Dismantling and manual cleaning........................................................................................................... 72
15.5 Measuring instrument ................................................................................................................................................. 74

15.6 Stirrer head (optional) ................................................................................................................................................. 74
Appendix ......................................................................................................... 75
I Technical data ................................................................................................................................................................. 75
II Computer system requirements for ADVANCE ................................................................................................ 75
III Procedure if repairs should be necessary ............................................................................................................ 75
IV Fitting the electronics boards ................................................................................................................................... 76
V Replacing the compression base (for small column only) ............................................................................ 78
VI Mounting the module for external gas supply ................................................................................................. 80
VII Durability of the PA4550 module electrodes ..................................................................................................... 80
VIII Warranty and caveat emptor .................................................................................................................................... 81
IX Copyright and right to make alterations ............................................................................................................. 81
EC Declaration of Conformity ................................................................. 83

General information page 7
1 General information
Dear KRÜSS customer,
Thank you for purchasing our Dynamic Foam Analyzer – DFA100. This documentation will help
you with the commissioning, operation and maintenance.
Read this documentation carefully before using the measuring instrument or accessories to
avoid risk to personnel and material damage. Keep this documentation safely in the vicinity of
the measuring instrument and for the whole of its life so that you can refer to it at any time.
Great care has been taken in compiling the text and illustrations. You can inform us of any
possible mistakes as well as suggestions for improvement by e-mail to techcom@kruss.de.
You can download possible updates of this user manual from our website www.kruss.de.
We wish you every success with your DFA100.

1.1 Reference to other user manuals

The necessary steps for programming, carrying out and evaluating the measurement once
preparation is complete are described in the ADVANCE software user manual.
1.2 Symbols and text highlighting

The following symbols and text highlighting are used in this manual to increase the readability
and clarity of different paragraphs and information.
1.2.1 Symbols
 Tips and tricks as well as information which, if disregarded, can lead to measuring errors, loss
of data and undesirable behavior of your measuring instrument/accessory or of ADVANCE
 Further information on this topic at another point in the user manual or in a different
document
 Carry out an operational step or several operational steps

1. Carry out a number of operational steps in succession in the order specified

 Bullet point

page 8 General information
1.2.2 Text highlighting
This highlighting indicates words and texts from the ADVANCE user interface and/or from the
housing’s labels and/or the display of the measurement instrument.
This highlighting indicates hyperlinks that you can use in the electronic version of the document.
1.3 Intended use and application restrictions

 The DFA100 is intended exclusively for producing and analyzing liquid foams.
 The intended use includes the exclusive use of accessories supplied by KRÜSS or substitutes
with an identical design if disposable accessories are used.
 Measurements above or below room temperature may only be carried out with the help of
the CY4503 temperature-controllable measuring column. Only through-flow thermostats
which are suitable for laboratory use may be used for temperature control. The permissible
temperature range lies between 5 and 90 °C.
 The housing components of the DFA100 are not resistant to acids, caustic solutions and
solvents. KRÜSS does not accept any guarantee for damage due to escape or spillage of
such liquids. The same applies to damage due to corrosive vapors.
 Proper functioning of the external of the external gas supply was tested with air, carbon
dioxide and nitrogen. The use of other gases is at your own risk.
 The measuring column and filter base are not intended for carrying out chemical reactions
or for filtering.
1.4 Comprehensiveness of the printed version and the

electronic manual
The comprehensiveness of the printed version of this manual depends on the ordered
components of the instrument or software in order to make working with this manual easier.
The electronic manual (PDF document) on the data carrier of the software and on our homepage
www.kruss.de contains the complete manual.

General information page 9
1.5 Technical Support

If your KRÜSS product should not work as expected, please consult our Technical Support office
responsible for your area. You can contact them at:
KRÜSS GmbH KRÜSS USA

Technical Support (for areas Technical Support (CAN, USA)
not mentioned elsewhere) 1020 Crews Road, Suite K
Borsteler Chaussee 85 Matthews, NC 28105, USA
22453 Hamburg, Germany Phone: +1 704 847 8933
Phone: +49 40 514401-55 Email: service@krussusa.com
Fax: +49 40 514401-98
Email: service@kruss.de
KRÜSS China KRÜSS France

Technical Support Technical Support (FR, IRL, UK)
Room 1603, Fangheng Building B 14, avenue du Québec
No. 6 Futong East Street, Wangjing, Bâtiment Kerria 3 – Silic 605
Chaoyang District 91140 Villebon sur Yvette, France
Beijing 100102, China Phone: +33 1 60 14 94 04
Phone: +86 10 6184 2095 Fax: +33 1 60 14 95 48
Fax: +86 10 6184 2207 Email: service@kruss.fr
Email: service@krusschina.cn

page 10 For your safety
2 For your safety

This chapter contains safety-related information which will help you to recognize and avoid
hazards in good time.
Therefore, read this chapter carefully to find out about the risks and how to avoid them before
commissioning and using the DFA100.
2.1 Safety Instructions
2.1.1 General safety instructions
Please observe the following safety instructions in order to avoid hazards:

 As well as these general safety instructions, please follow the safety instructions and warning
information in the remainder of the documentation text.
 If the DFA100 and its accessories are not used in accordance with this documentation, the
effectiveness of safety measures provided can be impaired.
 The DFA100 is intended for use in a laboratory or pilot plant station. The general safety rules
for working in a laboratory environment apply to work carried out with the DFA100.
 The DFA100 and accessories may only be used by trained personnel.

 When carrying out measurements with hazardous substances the safety regulations and, if
available, information in the appropriate safety data sheets must be taken into account when
handling such substances.
 When carrying out measurements with hazardous substances, the DFA100 must be placed at
a location which is appropriately configured for that purpose.
 Set up the DFA100 so that access to the mains connection is unrestricted and the DFA100
can be disconnected from the mains immediately in the event of danger.
 The DFA100 may only be maintained or repaired by service personnel authorized by KRÜSS.
 The optional connection of an external gas supply must be carried by personnel acquainted
with the safety precautions necessary when working with pressure gas.
 Do not use the DFA100 in explosion-proof areas.

 The controls of the DFA100 and a connected computer must not be operated when wearing
protective gloves, which have already been used for handling hazardous materials.

For your safety page 11
 Disconnect the DFA100 from the power supply immediately if there is any damage to the
electronics, if liquids are spilled over the DFA100 or if there is an escape of tempering fluid.
 Do not use the DFA100 if the instrument is obviously damaged.

2.1.1 Safety instruction for using and disposing of hazardous substances
When using and disposing of hazardous substances, this may result in a certain danger level
depending on the hazard class.
 Before use and when disposing of hazardous substances, take into account the concerning
safety instructions and safety data sheets.
Take care that you use as little of hazardous substances as possible.
2.1.2 Safety information for fitting and filling the measuring column
If the measuring column is not fitted properly, liquid can escape when filling which may result in
a certain danger level depending on the hazard class.
 See instructions in Chapter 5.1.
 Always use the two seals provided (above and below the filter plate).
Note that sealing is achieved by loosening the bottom screw not by tightening.
2.1.3 Safety information concerning overflow protection
When foaming is carried out manually or if the upper boundary of the foam is not detected,
there is no overflow protection (automatic termination) by the ADVANCE software. In these
cases, hazardous substances can flow over the edge of the measuring column.
 Watch the measuring column when foaming manually and terminate foaming in time.
Take care that the upper boundary of the foam phase is detected during measurements.
Change the parameters for boundary detection if necessary ( manual for the ADVANCE
software).

page 12 For your safety
2.2 Warning information

The safety instructions are supplemented by warning information in the course of the text at
exactly the point in the documentation manual where it is needed.
Warning information designated by yellow symbols with keywords describes the severity of the
consequences that could occur if the measures for avoiding the hazard are not followed:
 CAUTION means that slight to medium severity harm could occur to personnel.
 WARNING means that severe to life-threatening harm could occur to personnel.

Warning information designated by the blue key word NOTICE does not have an identifying
symbol.
 NOTICE means that there is a risk of material damage.


Overview of the DFA100 basic instrument page 13
3 Overview of the DFA100 basic instrument
3.1 Measuring principle for the height measurement

The DFA100 enables the foaming behavior of liquids and decay of the foam column to be
investigated.
3.1.1 Design and principle of operation
The liquid is placed in a transparent measuring column which is located between a linear LED
panel and a line sensor ( picture on P. 15). Air is pumped into the liquid from below through a
filter plate in order to produce foaming.
The line sensor measures the light transmitted through the measuring column over its full
height.
3.1.2 Phase detection
The gas phase above the foam and (as a rule) the liquid are permeable to light, while the foam
column absorbs some of the emitted light. The two phase boundaries, liquid/foam and foam/air,
are detected using the measured differences in light intensity.
3.1.3 Foam height
The foam height is the difference between the total height and the liquid height:
Foam height = total height – liquid height.
 In the case of opaque liquids, only the upper foam boundary is detected as a rule. In spite of
this limitation, many important foam parameters can be measured.

page 14 Overview of the DFA100 basic instrument
3.1.4 Timing and evaluation of the foam experiment
Both the foaming process and the decay of the foam are observed when a measurement is
carried out. Individual images from the line sensor are read out over the whole of the
measurement period. In this way, the foam and liquid height are measured as a function of time.
During the foaming process, the total height (foam height + liquid height) increases while the
liquid height reduces.
During the decay process, the liquid height again increases due to drainage and because of the
collapse of the foam lamellae. With many types of foam, the total height has the typical point-
of-inflection characteristic shown above.
The evaluation of both processes encompasses a number of known and new parameters relating
to foamability and foam decay.

3.2 Controls
3.2.1 Base unit (front)
8 2
7 3
6
4
Position Designation Position Designation
1 Temperature sensor connector 5 Guide rails for column holder
2 LED array 6 Gas flow coupling
3 Spacing adjustment for LED 7 Spacing adjustment for line

array sensor
4 Connector for optional 8 Line sensor

accessories (e.g. stirrer)

3.2.2 Base unit (rear)
4 3 2 1
1 Mains connector 3 Expansion slots
2 On/off switch 4 USB 2.0 connector
 The two connectors CON. IN and CON. OUT are not currently used.

3.2.3 Column holder (standard)
Side view
1 1
4 3 2
1 Column holding clamps 3 Compression base

(presses filter base, seals
and cylinder together)
2 Guide slot 4 Slide-in handle
From behind
1: Gas flow coupling

From below
Compress base
Release base
1: Pressure screw
3.2.4 Measuring column (standard)
2
1
1 Seals 3 Measuring cylinder
2 Filter base

Setup and starting up page 19
4 Setup and starting up

4.1 Opening the transport packing and checking the scope

of supply
1. Open the transport packing. Check the DFA100 and its accessories for damage during
shipment.
NOTICE
 Please keep the transport packing material, at least the PE foam forms. The transport
packaging is required if the instrument has to be shipped for reparation.
2. Use the delivery note provided to check if the supply is complete.
3. Please contact KRÜSS or your local dealer without delay if damage during shipment
occurred or if the supply is incomplete.
4.2 Location and ambient conditions

For accuracy of results the DFA100 must be installed at an adequate location:
 Set the instrument up in a place where vibrations can be avoided.

 Avoid direct sunlight or the direct incidence of artificial light on the unit and avoid
brightness variations while the measurement is being carried out.
 Avoid large variations in room temperature during the measurements.

 Avoid contamination of the sample liquid by atmospheric air (e.g. by exhaust from
machines).

page 20 Setup and starting up
4.3 Transport
NOTICE
Do not transport the DFA100 with the column holder in position.
 When lifting and carrying the unit, hold it on both sides underneath the base plate.
NOTICE: Never lift the unit by the stands or the upper ring segments.

The weight of the DFA100 is 9 kg.

4.4 Connectors and connections
4.4.1 Power supply
 Connect the mains adapter provided (12 V DC / 2.5 A) to the appropriately marked round
socket on the rear of the DFA100 housing.
 Only use the mains adapter supplied with the unit for connecting the DFA100.
 Connect the mains adapter to a mains supply (100-240V AC).
4.4.2 Connecting a computer
 Connect the USB connector to a USB 2.0 connector on the computer with the help of the
USB cable provided.
 Do not use a USB 1.0 connector on the computer, as this will adversely affect the
performance of the DFA100.

4.4.3 Connect external gas supply (optional)
 For a subsequent installation of the module PA4530 for external gas supply, please read
Chapter VI in the appendix.
 Connect the gas tube (4 mm diameter) to the external gas supply connector at the rear
panel of the DFA100.
4.4.4 Connecting the electrode adapter
 If you have ordered the PA4550 module retrospectively and the electronics board with the
appropriate connector has not yet been installed, please read Chapter IV in the Appendix
first.
1. Connect the plug of the electrode adapter to the 25-pin connector at the rear of the
DFA100.

2. Secure the plug with the help of the two screws.
3. Attach the cable of the electrode adapter to the DFA100 stand with the help of the clamping
spring.
4.4.5 Connecting the PA4570 module for foam structure analysis

For how to connect a PA4570 module for foam structure analysis, please read Chapter 8.
4.4.6 Fitting the infrared strip instead of the LED strip
If you have ordered the PA4510 module retrospectively, you can use this to replace the standard
LED strip.
1. Switch the instrument off. Remove all plugs from the rear of the unit.
2. If a column holder has been fitted to the DFA100, remove it.
3. Release the knurled screw on the base of the LED strip.

4. Slide the LED strip and base to the rearmost position (furthest from the column holder).
Tighten the knurled screw.
5. Remove the three or four hexagon socket screws on the base plate of the LED strip.
NOTICE: In doing so, hold the LED strip firmly, as otherwise it could drop and damage the
internal connecting cable.
6. Remove the LED strip and place it upside down in front of the unit.
7. Carefully remove the cable plug from the LED strip. Place the LED strip to one side.
 Hold the cable in your hand at all times so that it cannot slip into the body of the
instrument.

8. Take the infrared strip, place it upside down in front of the unit (like the LED strip earlier in
Step 6) and carefully plug the cable into the connector on the infrared strip.
 Be sure to plug the cable in the right way round. When the infrared strip is upside down
with the plug towards you (like the LED strip in Step 6), then the cable with the brown
insulation must be on the left-hand side and the cable with the white insulation on the
right-hand side.
9. Place the infrared strip on the base and tighten the three or four hexagon socket screws
removed in Step 5.
10. Fit the column holder.
11. Set the correct spacing ( Chapter 5.3) from the measuring column.
12. Enter the fact that you are using the infrared strip in the software ( ADVANCE software
manual).
 This information is used only for documenting the measurement. It has no effect on the
behavior of the software.

page 26 Preparing the foam height measurement
5 Preparing the foam height measurement


Please read Chapter 6 for how to use a column holder with stirrer SH4502/12.
 For how to prepare for measuring the liquid content using the PA4550 module, please read
Chapter 7.

To prepare a foam structure analysis with the PA4570 module, please read Chapter 8.
 For how to use an SH4503 simple column holder for manual foaming, please read
Chapter 10.
 For how to fit a CY4502/04 small measuring column to the measuring column holder, please
also read Chapter 11.
 Please read Chapter 12 for how to connect a temperature-controllable measuring column

CY4503/04 and a temperature sensor.
5.1 Fitting the column and filter plate in the column holder
WARNING
Risk from escaping liquids (toxic, highly flammable or corrosive)
If the measuring column is not fitted properly, liquid can escape when filling which may result in
a certain danger level depending on the hazard class.
 Always use the two seals provided (above and below the filter plate).
Note that sealing is achieved by loosening the bottom screw (turning anticlockwise when
viewed from below) not by tightening.

Preparing the foam height measurement page 27
1. Lower the compression base using the screw underneath the column holder. To do this, turn
the screw clockwise when viewed from below.
1. Compression base
2. Place a sealing ring on the compression base.
3. Place the filter plate on the sealing ring.
 Only touch the edges of the filter plate. As the sample comes into contact with the inner
surface of the filter plate, this may otherwise lead to contamination due to surface-active
substances.

4. Place the second sealing ring on the filter plate.
If necessary, lower the compression base so that the sealing ring is below the transition
edge.
5. Loosen the two knurled screws. Slide the two holding clamps outwards.
6. Fit the measuring column by sliding the foot of the measuring column underneath the
holding clamps. Slide the two holding clamps inwards so that they lie above the foot of the
measuring column.
 Do not try to place the column on the compression base from above.
 Make sure that the measuring column is positioned as centrally as possible on the
compression base.

7. Tighten the two screws hand tight. In doing so, make sure that the clamps do not slip
outwards.
8. Turn the screw for the compression base anticlockwise when viewed from below. When the
screw is loose, the arrangement is sealed.
 The screw must not be completely removed.
5.2 Fitting the column holder

 Slide the column holder into the guide as far as the stop against the slight resistance to
make the gas flow connection.

5.3 Adjusting the LED and line sensor spacing

1. Loosen the two knurled screws on the base of the linear LED array and the line sensor.
2. Move the LED array and the line sensor until they are about 1 mm from the column.
 LED array and line sensor should not touch the column, including when the column
holder is removed and inserted. In this way, the spacing can be retained for all
measurements with the same column diameter.
3. Retighten the two knurled screws.
5.4 Setting the gas flow

The gas flow can be set to a value with the parameter Flow Rate in the Live View and Controls
area in the software ADVANCE.
For the internal gas control the flow rate can be set to a value between 0.2 and 1.0 L/min. For the
optional external gas supply the flow rate can be set to a value between 0.05 and 1.0 L/min.

5.5 Filling with the sample
 KRÜSS recommends: Use the provided 50 mL syringe with the needle attached to it for
filling.
 Please note the following points when filling with the sample.
 The filling volume must be as accurate as possible. Make sure that the setting in the
Settings work area of the ADVANCE software ( software manual) is the same as the
actual filling volume.
 Depending on the kind of sample, intentional pre-wetting of the glass wall or avoiding
pre-wetting can be favorable. Always use the same procedure for the same kind of
sample for the sake of repeatability.
 Avoid turbulence which results in the formation of foam when filling.
 Particularly in the case of small surfactant concentrations, adsorption on the filter plate
and in the filling utensil (e.g. volumetric pipette) can affect the measuring result. In such
cases, repeat the measurement with filter plates and filling utensils which have been pre-
wetted with the sample, and if necessary discard the first measurement.
5.6 Using the external gas supply
NOTICE
The pressure for external gas supply must be at 5 ± 0,5 bar.
 With external gas supply, a gas flow rate between 0.05 and 1,0 L/min can be used.
 For low flow rates under 0.2 L/min we recommend using the external gas supply even when
foaming with air. Due to the higher initial pressure, the gas flow rate is more constant with
the external gas supply.

page 32 Column holder with stirrer SH4512 (optional)
6 Column holder with stirrer SH4512 (optional)

 This chapter only describes the components and operating steps for the column holder with
stirrer SH4512 which is different from those for the standard column holder.
6.1 Fixing a safety strip to the measuring column
 To avoid the risk of injury due to an open stirrer during operation, the stirrer can only be
operated when a column fitted with a safety strip has been placed in the column holder. The
stirrer will only run when the strip has been detected by the line sensor.
 Remove one of the stickers from the sheet supplied.
 Attach the sticker so that the unprinted edge lies just below the edge of the glass column.

Column holder with stirrer SH4512 (optional) page 33
6.2 Fitting the column in the column holder
6.2.1 Column holder components
2
4
1 Stirrer shaft 3 Stirrer head
2 Connector for DFA100 4 Sealing ring
6.2.2 Procedure
1. Loosen the two knurled screws. Slide the two holding clamps outwards.
2. Put the sealing ring into the recessed ring on the column holder base.

page 34 Column holder with stirrer SH4512 (optional)
3. Fit the stirrer head onto the stirrer shaft.
4. Place the measuring column on the base of the column holder from above.
The safety strip must be on the same side as the line sensor (left).
 If necessary, turn the two knurled screws to a suitable position so that they do not to
obstruct the fitting of the column.
5. Slide the two holding clamps inwards so that they lie above the foot of the measuring
column.
6. Tighten the two screws hand tight. In doing so, make sure that the clamps do not slip
outwards.

Column holder with stirrer SH4512 (optional) page 35
6.3 Modular stirrer head SR4520 (optional)

Several different stirring blades can be attached to the modular stirrer head SR4520.
6.3.1 Available stirring blades
vertical blade diagonal blade spiral
 You may get in contact with us if you require a stirring blade with a different shape.
6.3.2 Changing the stirring blade
 Unscrew the mounted stirring blade from the stirrer head (3 mm Allen key).
1: Hexagonal socket screw (3 mm)
 Put the replacement sitting blade onto the stirrer head and screw it tight.

page 36 Preparing the liquid content measurement (optional)
7 Preparing the liquid content measurement

(optional)
 In order to use the liquid content module, ADVANCE version 1.2 or higher is required.
7.1 Overview
The measuring arrangement consists of two electrodes, each with eight sensors, and two guide
rings.
1
9
2
8
5
1 Guide ring (standard cylinder) 6 Plug connector to DFA100
2 Guide ring (slim cylinder) 7 Reference sensor
3 Sealing ring for standard 8 Conductivity sensors

cylinder / spare ring
4 Sealing ring for slim cylinder / 9 Plug connector to electrode

spare ring adapter
5 Electrode adapter

Preparing the liquid content measurement (optional) page 37
7.2 Procedure
1. Prepare the measuring column holder with measuring column as described in Chapter 5.1.
Use the sealing ring with recesses as sealing between the filter plate and the measuring
column.
 The sealing ring should be inserted so that the recesses lie in front and in the back.
2. Put the sample into the measuring column. The standard volume is 50 mL.
 The liquid level must be at least 5 mm above the bottom sensor (reference sensor).
 Measuring sensors which are partially or completely covered after filling cannot be
evaluated.
3. Feed the two electrodes with the sensor surfaces facing inwards into the two recesses in the
sealing ring.

page 38 Preparing the liquid content measurement (optional)
4. Place the guide ring on the measuring column so that it fixes the two electrodes.
5. Plug the electrode adapter onto the electrodes.
6. Adjust the LED and line sensor spacing as described in Chapter 5.3.

PA4570 for optical foam structure analysis (optional) page 39
8 PA4570 for optical foam structure analysis

(optional)
 Version 1.4 or higher of the ADVANCE software is required for foam structure analysis.
8.1 Overview
The PA4570 module for analyzing the foam structure consists essentially of a camera, an
illumination unit and a measuring column with fitted prisms. With the help of the camera, an
image of the bubble of foam produced is taken at the inner side of the prism.
Front view
5 1
4 2
1 Lens distance lock 4 Illumination
2 Camera 5 Measuring cylinder with prism
3 Lens 6 Height scale

page 40 PA4570 for optical foam structure analysis (optional)
Rear view
1 Illumination connection 3 Height lock
2 Camera/prism alignment

8.2 Setup
8.2.1 Mounting the module on the instrument
 Remove the two screws on the rear instrument columns.
 Place the PA4570 module on the instrument base plate. Fix the module with the help of the
screws which were previously removed.

8.2.2 Connecting the illumination unit
 If you have ordered the PA4550 module retrospectively and the electronics board with the
appropriate connector has not yet been installed, please read Chapter IV in the Appendix
first.
 Connect the plug of the cable coming from the illumination unit to the two-pole connector
on the rear of the housing.
 Depending on the components installed, your back plate may have a different
appearance from that shown.
8.3 Camera and lens
8.3.1 Information on the required field of view
As a rule, a large field of view is required for large bubbles and a small field of view for small
bubbles.
 Comparative measurements between different samples should be carried out with the same
field of view.

Adjusting the lens distance
The distance of the lens from the measuring column is varied in order to change the field of
view. The camera can be moved between three marked notches for this purpose
Number and width of spacer rings
In order to compensate for the effect of the distance on the position of the focal point, the
length of the tube is adjusted with the help of spacer rings.
Size of field of view Spacer(s) Distance (mark at notches)
Large field of view 1 ×10 mm •
1 × 10 mm
Medium field of view ••
1 × 5 mm
Small field of view 2 × 10 mm •••
8.3.2 Fitting spacer(s) and lens
Notice
 Contamination of the optical components can adversely affect the image quality.
 Do not touch the glass lens and the glass protecting the camera chip with your fingers.
 Make sure that the environment is free from dust.
 Carry out the following steps without interruption.

Procedure
1. Remove the screw above the camera.
2. Remove the camera from the rear.
3 Unscrew the protective cap from the camera.
4. Screw on the required spacer ring. If necessary, screw the second spacer ring onto the first.
With one ring With two rings
5. Remove the protective cap from the lens. Screw the lens fitted with a red-light filter onto the
camera fitted with the spacer ring(s).

6. Refit the camera. Refit the screw removed in Step 1.
7. Slide the camera to the position corresponding to the required field of view. Fix the camera
with the help of the screw.
8.3.3 Connecting the camera
 The installation of the ADVANCE software with the appropriate camera driver installation
must be run before connecting the camera for the first time ( Software manual).
 Connect the camera to a USB 2.0 port on the computer.
 Use a computer port and not a peripheral port (e.g. keyboard or monitor).
 When using a particular USB port for the first time, wait until the installed driver has
been assigned before displaying the live image.
8.4 Preparations for measurement
8.4.1 Adjusting the measuring height
 Please be aware that a calibration has to be performed in ADVANCE ( software

documentation) before setting the final measuring height. Therefore you need to slide the
camera to the top of the measuring column with prism so that the incorporated pattern can
be captured.
 Comparative measurements between different samples should be carried out at the same
measuring height.

1. Hold the assembly comprising the illumination unit and camera steady. Turn the lever
anticlockwise.
2. Slide the assembly along the scale to the required height and fix it in this position with the
help of the lever. Align using the top edge of the assembly.
3. Enter the height value for the measurement in the Instrument Setup workspace ( Software
manual).
 If the actual height of the center of the field of view is to be entered, a value of 30 mm
must be subtracted from the scale value.

8.4.2 Fitting the measuring column
The seals and the measuring column are fitted in the same way as for the standard foam height
measurement ( Chapter 5.1).
 When fitting the column, make sure that the tip of the prism is positioned as accurately as
possible to the rear (at 12 o'clock).
8.4.3 Aligning the camera with the prism surface
 Inadequate alignment can lead to distortion (irregular display of the bubble sizes).
 If the column was properly aligned when fitted ( Chapter 8.4.2), this step need only be
carried out once.
 Loosen the two screws on the module base plate. Move the assembly so that the camera is
aligned as accurately as possible at right angles to the prism surface.
Fix the assembly with the previously loosened screws.

Alignment with the help of the live image
1. Align the camera and lens with the largest field of view ( Chapter 8.3.1).
2. Switch on the camera live image ( Software manual).
3. Move the assembly as described above until the edges visible in the image are at the same
distance from the left and right edges of the image.
8.4.4 Focus
 If the field of view is not changed, the focus only needs to be adjusted once.
 Produce foam using a liquid which forms substantially stable foam. Switch on the camera
live image ( Software manual).
 Turn the inner ring on the lens until the image appears to be uniformly sharp.

The setting of the front ring (aperture) is fixed and as a rule should not be changed.

Using filter paper instead of a filter plate (optional) page 49
9 Using filter paper instead of a filter plate

(optional)
As an option, you can use the filter paper FL4520 instead of the filter plate. To insert the filter
paper you need two transparent sealing rings FI4501 and one black EPDM sealing ring FI4504.
9.1 Fitting the measuring column with filter paper in the

column holder
 Only touch the filter paper at the edges. As the sample comes into contact with the filter
paper, this may otherwise lead to contamination due to surface-active substances.
 When using filter paper, always use two transparent sealing rings beneath the filter paper
and one black sealing ring above it.
 The measuring column with filter paper (instead of the filter plate) is fitted on the
compression base in a similar manner to Chapter 5.1.
9.2 Inserting the column holder


The column holder is inserted into the DFA100 as described in Chapter 5.2.

page 50 SH4503 column holder for external foaming (optional)
10 SH4503 column holder for external foaming

(optional)
10.1 Using with a KRÜSS measuring column

 When using with a KRÜSS measuring column which is open at the bottom, the column is
first fixed to the holder and then filled. External foaming (e.g. by shaking) is carried out with
the column fitted.
 The measuring column is fixed to the holder with the help of the pre-assembled, rounded
holding clamps.
10.1.1 Fixing the measuring column
 Place a sealing ring in the recess provided in the holder:
 the large sealing ring for the CY4501 standard measuring column.
 the small sealing ring for a CY4502 small measuring column.
 Fix the measuring column to the holder with the help of the holding clamps ( Chapter 5.1,
Step 6).
 The holding clamps supplied must be used with a CY4502 small measuring column.

SH4503 column holder for external foaming (optional) page 51
10.1.2 Foaming and fitting the column holder
1. Fill the measuring column with the sample.
2. Fit a stopper to the column if necessary.
3. Foam the sample as required, for example by shaking.
4. Place the column holder with the column in the DFA100 ( Chapter 5.2).
10.2 Using with other measuring vessels which are closed at

the bottom
When using with a measuring vessel which has not been supplied by KRÜSS and which is closed
at the bottom, the vessel is usually fitted to the holder after filling and foaming.
10.2.1 Changing over the column holder
The measuring vessel is fixed to the holder with the help of the angled holding clamps supplied.
1. Remove the two knurled screws from the holder. Remove the rounded holder clamps.
2. Turn the holder round so that the smooth side is on top.
3. Fix the angled holding clamps to the holder using the knurled screws removed in Step 1.
1: Notches as centering aid
10.2.2 Fixing the measuring vessel
1. Place the measuring vessel centrally on the holder. Use the two notches at the edge for
alignment (see above).
2. Move the holding clamps so that they press against the sides of the vessel. Fix the vessel to
the holder with the help of the knurled screws.
3. Place the holder with the vessel in the DFA100 ( Chapter 5.2).

page 52 CY4502/04 small measuring column (optional)
11 CY4502/04 small measuring column

(optional)
 To connect a CY4504 small measuring column with temperature control, please also read
Chapter 12.
 Two adapters are required for using a small measuring column CY4502/CY4504:
 PA4503 for inserting the measuring column in the column holder
 PA4504 for inserting a corresponding small filter base FL4511-FL4514
11.1 Preparing the column holder for the small measuring

column
The CY4502/04 small measuring column is used with the help of adapter components supplied.
1. Remove the two knurled screws from the measuring column holder. Remove the holder
clamps.
2. Place the ring supplied with the small measuring column on the measuring column holder.

CY4502/04 small measuring column (optional) page 53
3. Fix the holding clamp supplied with the small measuring column to the holder using the
knurled screws removed in Step 1.
11.2 Fitting the seals and the measuring column

1. Place one of the small sealing rings on the compression base.
 Newer column holders have a recess in the middle for the small sealing ring. With older
column holders, the compression base (UGR4502) must be replaced ( Chapter V in the
appendix).
2. Place the small filter plate on the sealing ring.
3. Place the second small sealing ring in the adapter ring.

page 54 CY4502/04 small measuring column (optional)
4. Place the adapter ring with the seal downwards on the filter plate.
5. Place the large sealing ring on the adapter ring.

For how to fit the measuring column, please read Chapter 5.1

Temperature-controllable column and temperature sensor (optional) page 55
12 Temperature-controllable column and

temperature sensor (optional)
 For attaching a small temperature-controllable measuring column CY4504 onto the

measuring column holder, please also read Chapter 11.
12.1 Connecting a CY4503/4504 temperature-controllable

measuring column
NOTICE
Only through-flow thermostats which are suitable for laboratory use may be used for
temperature control. The permissible temperature range lies between 5 and 90 °C.
12.1.1 Fitting the column and column holder
 A CY4503/4504 temperature-controllable measuring column is fitted as described in

Chapter 5.1 to Chapter 5.3.
 The two connectors for the temperature control medium must be at the rear.
12.1.2 Connecting the thermostat
 KRÜSS recommends that you use the PA4501 adapter kit available from KRÜSS to connect
the thermostat.
1: Quick-Lock female (inlet); 2: Quick-Lock-male (outlet)

page 56 Temperature-controllable column and temperature sensor (optional)
1. Screw the feed adapter (Quick-Lock female) onto the bottom connector of the measuring
column.
2. Screw the outlet adapter (Quick-Lock male) onto the top connector of the measuring
column.
3. Connect the thermostat to the two Quick-Lock connectors. Please note the positions of inlet
and outlet at the thermostat!
 Disconnect the thermostat connections again before removing the measuring column from
the DFA100.
12.2 Fitting the temperature sensor

1. Remove the protective cap from the sensor connector on the stand.

Temperature-controllable column and temperature sensor (optional) page 57
2. Place the sensor holder on the stand of the DFA100 so that the slot on the bottom of the
holder lies in the recess of the stand
3. Connect the plug at the end of the temperature sensor cable to the connector on the stand.
 Make sure that the sensor does not bend, as it may then be detected by the line sensor and
interfere with the measurement.
 The temperature sensor and the sensor holder can usually be fitted and removed together.

page 58 Temperature-controllable column and temperature sensor (optional)
 If you are not using the sensor, you can fit the sensor holder with the sensor on the outside.

Calibration tool CP4501 (optional) page 59
13 Calibration tool CP4501 (optional)
13.1 Scope of supply

 Carrier for Plexiglas plates
 Test certificate
 Six certified Plexiglas plates
 One as a liquid simulator (transparent)
 Five of different heights (30, 60, 90, 120, 150 mm) as foam simulators (dark tinted)
13.2 Preparation
1. Remove the two screws on the right-hand side of the calibration insert.

page 60 Calibration tool CP4501 (optional)
2. Remove the retaining strip.
3. Slide the liquid simulator (transparent Plexiglas plate) to the bottom of the holder.
 It may be necessary to loosen the screws on the left-hand side slightly.
4. Slide one of the five foam simulators (dark tinted Plexiglas plate) into the holder above the
liquid simulator.

Calibration tool CP4501 (optional) page 61
5. Fit the retaining strip with the help of the screws removed in Step 1.
13.3 Using the calibration tool

The simulators used (Plexiglas plates) must be on the line sensor side (left-hand side viewed
from the front).
NOTICE
Hold the calibration tool securely when fitting and removing. The tool used rests on top of
the LED array and the line sensor. It can fall down if the line sensor and LED array are pushed
apart.
1. Fix the line sensor or the LED array with the help of the appropriate knurled screw. Loosen
the knurled screw on the other side and push the appropriate component outwards.
2. Place the prepared calibration tool at the side against the fixed component and hold it
securely. Push the loose component against the calibration tool so that it is held from both
sides. Tighten the second knurled screw.

page 62 Calibration tool CP4501 (optional)
13.4 Carrying out a calibration measurement

 Please read the ADVANCE software manual for details about the settings in the following
instructions.
1. Create an ADVANCE Automation program with a single procedure which uses Stop
measuring as the Action. Set a Delay of 10.0 s.
2. Enter a volume of 63.0 mL in the Volume text box of the Liquid area.
3. Under General, select an entry that contains the information 40 mm in the drop-down menu
Column.
4. In the Live view and controls tile, adjust the Height illumination so that the transition
between the bright background and the dark foam simulator slide is clearly visible and that
the green line indicating the upper foam height coincides with the upper edge of the dark
area.
5. Click the button in the Live view and controls tile to start the automation program.
6. When the automation program is finished, select the Data table tab in the Foam height -
results tile. Compare the results shown in the Foam height column with the certificate
supplied. Please contact our technical customer service department if the deviation is
greater than +/-1 mm.

Light shield PA4502 against extraneous light (optional) page 63
14 Light shield PA4502 against extraneous light

(optional)
14.1 Components
6 1
4 3
Position Benennung Position Benennung
1 Cover 4 Rear door
2 Door handle 5 Openings for connectors

CY4503/4504
3 Front door 6 Clamp for temperature

sensor

page 64 Light shield PA4502 against extraneous light (optional)
14.2 Mounting
1. The bars of the stand on the DFA100 are provided with recesses at the front left and back
right. Press the door clamping springs, which lie one above the other, onto the bars of the
stand at the level of the recesses..
 When a CY4503/4504 temperature-controllable measuring column is used, the two

covers in the openings must be removed in order to fit the rear door ( photo above).
2. To close the doors, press the clamping springs on the door handles onto the bars of the
stand at the front right and bottom left.
3. Place the cover on top of the stand with the clamping spring on the right.

Light shield PA4502 against extraneous light (optional) page 65
14.3 Measuring with a temperature sensor

 Withdraw the temperature sensor from the opening in the sensor holder.
 Feed the temperature sensor through the opening in the cover. Push the shaft of the sensor
into the clamping spring on the cover.

 The temperature sensor and the cover can usually be fitted and removed together.

page 66 Cleaning
15 Cleaning
 When disposing of and decontaminating substances which are poisonous, hazardous to
health, irritant and/or easily inflammable, the safety regulations and, if available, information
in the appropriate safety data sheets must be taken into account when handling such
substances.
 Do not use cleaning agents which contain surfactants for cleaning. These can increase foam
formation in the subsequent measurements.
15.1 Cleaning the measuring column
NOTICE
Avoid allowing the measuring column to stand for long periods when full. The seals may
stick if the column is allowed to stand for long periods.
1. If appropriate, remove the thermostat connections from the column.
2. Withdraw the column holder. Empty the column. Rinse the column once with warm water or
with a solvent which can be mixed with the sample liquid.
3. Loosen the two holding clamps. Remove the column.
4. Clean the column with warm (prism column) or hot water (standard column) and a soft
bottle brush.
NOTICE
Do not use hot water for a prism column (used for foam structure analysis), but only warm
water up to 35 °C. The column may break due to tension between the column wall and the
attached prisms.
NOTICE
Do not use hard brushes or sponges and do not use scouring agents.
5. Rinse the column with demineralized water.

Cleaning page 67
15.2 Cleaning the sealing rings

1. Raise the pressure die. Remove the two sealing rings and the filter plate using tweezers
made of wood or plastic.
2. Clean the compression base with a cloth.
3. Rinse off the sealing rings as described in Chapter 15.1, Step 2.
4. Dry the sealing rings with the help of a cloth.
15.3 Cleaning the filter plate
15.3.1 Cleaning with the help of the optional TO4501 holder
WARNING
Risk of injury from broken glass and, in extreme cases, from flying splinters.
If fissures or cracks are in the filter flask it may break or burst when vacuums is applied.
Check if the filter flask is intact before applying vacuum.
NOTICE
The TO4051 holder must not be used if cleaning is to be carried out with oxidizing acids
( Chapter 15.3.2).
NOTICE
Do not use liquids with very high vapor pressure (e.g. diethyl ether, acetone).

page 68 Cleaning
Overview
6
1
5
2
5
3
1 Holder for cleaning filter 4 Stopper for filter flask

plates
2 Upper sealing ring 5 Filter flask
3 Lower sealing ring 6 Vacuum pump connector
Procedure
1. Fit the stopper on the cleaning holder tube to the filter flask.

Cleaning page 69
2. Place the smaller sealing ring on the cleaning holder.
3. Place the filter plate to be cleaned on the seal.
 Position the filter base with the side which was at the top during the measurement
facing downwards. This prevents contamination on the surface being flushed into the
filter plate.
4. Place the larger sealing ring on the filter plate.

page 70 Cleaning
5. Place a clean measuring column on the filter plate and secure it with the help of the two
holding clamps ( P. 28.)
6. Connect the filter flask connector to a vacuum pump.
7. Fill the measuring column with water or a suitable solvent.
8. Switch on the pump. The liquid will be sucked through the filter plate into the flask.
NOTICE
The filter flask holds the volume of a completely full column. The flask must be emptied
before each further rinsing operation so that no liquid gets into the pump.

Cleaning page 71
15.3.2 Cleaning without auxiliary equipment
 Rinse off the filter plate as described in Chapter 15.1.
 Soak the filter plate with water or a suitable solvent. Remove the liquid from the filter plate
with an absorbent cloth. Repeat this step several times.
In the case of strong contamination: Cleaning with oxidizing acid
WARNING
Risk of acid burns from oxidizing acid
Wetting skin and eyes with oxidizing acid causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
 Only carry out this cleaning measure if contaminations could not be removed using the
previous measures.
 The work must only be carried out by persons who are familiar with the dangers involved
when handling acids and who are familiar with the necessary safety procedures. Acquaint
yourself with the properties of the substances used. Pay attention to the appropriate R and S
phrases (safety advice).
Remove all traces of solvent residues in the filter plate. Dry the filter plate so that heat
cannot be developed when it is brought into contact with acids.
 Place the filter plate in a vessel with a concentrated oxidizing acid.
 Transfer the filter plate to a vessel with distilled water. Wash out the acid thoroughly with
distilled water.
15.4 Cleaning the hose inside the column holder

Particularly in the case of low viscosity samples with low surface tension, liquid can find its way
through the opening in the compression base into the hose beneath it. Two measures can be
taken depending on the degree of contamination:
 Blow out the hose
 Dismantle and manually clean the hose and the column holder

page 72 Cleaning
15.4.1 Blowing out the hose
With the help of the pump in the unit
1. Slide the column holder without filter plate and measuring column into the DFA100.
2. Start the ADVANCE software. Switch on the pump with the software button .
3. Absorb liquid escaping from the opening in the compression base with a cloth.
4. Switch off the pump with the software button .
By means of compressed air
NOTICE
The pressure must not exceed 10 bar. The rear connector must be used for blowing through.
The air stream must not be directed through the column holder from the opening in the
compression base.
 Connect the compressed air to the column holder flow connector.
 Absorb liquid escaping from the opening in the compression base with a cloth.
15.4.2 Dismantling and manual cleaning
If the column holder is strongly contaminated, it can be dismantled for cleaning.
1. Remove the two hexagon socket screws on the rear gas connector.

Cleaning page 73
2. Remove the compression base screw.
3. Push the two rings on the connecting piece together and withdraw the hose.
 On reassembly, the hose is simply plugged into the opening.

page 74 Cleaning
4. Remove the compression base and the washer on the thread.
5. Clean all contaminated components with water or with a suitable solvent.
15.5 Measuring instrument

 Wipe the measuring instrument down with a damp cloth.
15.6 Stirrer head (optional)

 Depending on the degree of contamination, clean the stirrer head with hot tap water or a
suitable solvent.
 Rinse the stirrer head with distilled water and dry it.

Appendix page 75
Appendix
I Technical data
Power supply 110 to 240 VAC, 47-63 Hz
Power consumption max. 30 W
Dimensions 245 X 275 X 460 mm (W X D X H)
Weight 9 kg
Gas flow 0.2 to 1.0 l/min (internal gas control)

0.05 to 1.0 l/min (external gas control)
Minimum sample volume 20 mL
Maximum measuring height 200 mm
Height resolution 0.125 mm
Maximum frame rate 20 fps
Interfaces 1 X USB 2.0
Stirrer speed (optional) max. 8000 rpm

II Computer system requirements for ADVANCE

In order to enable the ADVANCE software to run without any problems, your computer system
must match the minimum requirements defined by KRÜSS. You find a document that contains
these requirements on the ADVANCE data carrier in the folder “Support\SystemRequirements”.
III Procedure if repairs should be necessary
Contact KRÜSS
 If you did not obtain the measuring instrument directly from KRÜSS but from a dealer,
please contact your dealer first. He may be able to rectify the damage. If not, contact
KRÜSS Technical Support directly.
1. Contact KRÜSS Technical Support ( Chapter 1.5).
You will be given a repair number.
2. Please quote this number in your covering letter when you dispatch the instrument.

page 76 Appendix
Send us the measuring instrument or accessories
1. Do not dispatch the measuring instrument or accessories without consulting our

Technical Support.
 Components which are not directly affected by the damage may also have to be sent
with the instrument. Our Technical Support will advise you on the necessary scope of the
shipment with regard to an appropriate packaging and provide assistance to a possible
disassembly of the measuring instrument.
2. Remove liquids (e.g. samples, temperature control liquid) completely from the instrument
and the accessories.
3. Clean the instrument or accessories before dispatch. This applies particularly if there is
contamination due to hazardous substances.
4. Pack all components separately which were packed separately when the instrument was
supplied. Do not dispatch the unit in the assembled state.
5. If the instrument or accessories were provided with transportation locks, refit these before
shipping.
6. For shipment use the original packaging of the instrument or accessories. If you no longer
have the original packaging, KRÜSS recommends the order of a new original packaging for
transport security reasons (available for a fee).
7. Use box-in-box packaging.
8. Please dispatch larger measurement instruments (BP100, DSA30, DSA100, K11, K100 and
LSA) standing on a pallet to KRÜSS.
IV Fitting the electronics boards

The DFA100 is supplied with all the necessary electronics boards already fitted. Additional
electronics boards only have to be fitted in the DFA100 housing when components are ordered
retrospectively.
NOTICE
The DFA100 housing may only be opened for the purpose stated here. Please carry out only
the work described below. Avoid contact with other fitted components. Close the housing as
soon as the work is complete.

Appendix page 77
NOTICE
Touching the expansion board when the body is charged electrostatically can damage electronic
components.
Before fitting the electronics board discharge yourself, for example by touching a metallic
part of the housing.
1. Switch off the DFA100. Remove all plugs from the connectors at the rear.
2. Remove the six hexagon socket screws at the rear.
Remove the panel.
3. Remove the hexagon socket screw from one of the empty slot blanking plates. Remove the
slot blanking plate. Remove the slot blanking plate. The slot connector is at the top.
1: Slot; 2: Slot connector

page 78 Appendix
4. Push the electronics board into the slot as far as it will go. At the same time, feed the tongue
of the board cover plate into the slot in the housing.
1: Tongue
 Your board may look different from the one shown.
5. Fix the board cover plate to the housing with the help of the screw removed in Step 3. Refit
the panel removed in Step 2.
V Replacing the compression base (for small column only)

With older versions of the DFA100 with flat compression base, this must be replaced by the
UGR4502 compression base for use with a small measuring column.
1. Remove the two hexagon socket screws on the rear gas connector.

Appendix page 79
2. Remove the compression base screw.
3. Push the two rings on the connecting piece together and withdraw the hose.
On reassembly, the hose is simply plugged into the opening.
4. Remove the compression base and the washer on the thread.
5. Place the new compression base in the column holder.
6. Feed the washer onto the thread of the new compression base.
7. Reassemble the column holder with the new compression base in the reverse order.

page 80 Appendix
VI Mounting the module for external gas supply
 Using this module is only possible with a DFA100 with internal gas flow control or with a
DFA100 which was upgraded with the kit UGR4501.
 Mount the electronics board ( Chapter IV in the Appendix).
valve (connector for

external gas internal gas flow)
connection
 Plug the tube which lies inside the housing into the valve of the electronics board. To
prepare the tube, cut it so that it can be connected to the valve without tensile stress but so
that it is not longer than required.
VII Durability of the PA4550 module electrodes

The electrodes are coated with epoxy resin varnish which is resistant to most liquids. The
following lists provide information on the resistance or lack of resistance of the electrodes.
 Please contact KRÜSS for liquids which do not appear in either of the lists.
Tested resistance
The resistance of the electrodes has been ascertained by means of tests for the following liquids:
 Water and aqueous surfactant solutions
 Isopropanol
 Silicone oil
 Limonene
 Ethanolamine

Appendix page 81
Liquids which may attack the electrodes
NOTICE:
Avoid bringing the electrodes into contact with the following substances/substance classes:
 Concentrated mineral and/or oxidizing acids
 Oxidizing solutions (e.g. sodium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide)
 Concentrated bases/ammonia
 Low-molecular organic acids (e.g. formic acid, acetic acid) and their salts
VIII Warranty and caveat emptor

The warranty terms and deadlines are described in the general terms and conditions of
KRÜSS GmbH.
There is no warranty claim if the product was damaged due to careless usage or improper
treatment or if it was not used according to purpose, and if the instructions, safety notes and
warning messages in the user manual were not observed.
The warranty claim is void if changes on the product are performed by the customer or a third
party without prior consultation of KRÜSS GmbH, which go beyond the activities described in
the user manual. This also applies to repair work, which was independently performed or carried
out by a third party.
IX Copyright and right to make alterations

The information contained in this document may be altered without notice and does not
represent any obligation by KRÜSS GmbH.
Neither this user manual nor any part of it may be reproduced or transmitted for any purpose
whatsoever in any form and by any means, electronic or mechanical, by photocopy or drawing
without the express approval of KRÜSS GmbH in writing.
2010-2017, KRÜSS GmbH, Hamburg, all rights reserved.


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DYNAMIC FOAM ANALYZER – DFA100

1 General information ............................................................................... 7

1.3 Intended use and application restrictions ............................................................................................................. 8

2 For your safety ....................................................................................... 10

2.1.1 General safety instructions ......................................................................................................................... 10

2.2 Warning information.................................................................................................................................................... 12

3 Overview of the DFA100 basic instrument ................................. 13

3.2 Controls ............................................................................................................................................................................. 15

3.2.1 Base unit (front) .............................................................................................................................................. 15

4 Setup and starting up ......................................................................... 19

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

4.3 Transport ........................................................................................................................................................................... 20

4.4.1 Power supply.................................................................................................................................................... 21

5 Preparing the foam height measurement .................................. 26

6 Column holder with stirrer SH4512 (optional) .......................... 32

6.2.1 Column holder components...................................................................................................................... 33

6.3 Modular stirrer head SR4520 (optional) ............................................................................................................... 35

6.3.1 Available stirring blades .............................................................................................................................. 35

7 Preparing the liquid content measurement (optional) .......... 36

8 PA4570 for optical foam structure analysis (optional) ........... 39

8.3 Camera and lens ............................................................................................................................................................ 42

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

8.3.3 Connecting the camera ............................................................................................................................... 45

8.4 Preparations for measurement ................................................................................................................................ 45

8.4.1 Adjusting the measuring height .............................................................................................................. 45

9 Using filter paper instead of a filter plate (optional) .............. 49

10 SH4503 column holder for external foaming (optional) ....... 50

11 CY4502/04 small measuring column (optional) ....................... 52

12 Temperature-controllable column and temperature sensor

12.1.1 Fitting the column and column holder ................................................................................................. 55

12.2 Fitting the temperature sensor ................................................................................................................................ 56

13 Calibration tool CP4501 (optional) ................................................ 59

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

14 Light shield PA4502 against extraneous light (optional) ...... 63

15.4 Cleaning the hose inside the column holder ..................................................................................................... 71

15.5 Measuring instrument ................................................................................................................................................. 74

II Computer system requirements for ADVANCE ................................................................................................ 75

III Procedure if repairs should be necessary ............................................................................................................ 75

IV Fitting the electronics boards ................................................................................................................................... 76

V Replacing the compression base (for small column only) ............................................................................ 78

VI Mounting the module for external gas supply ................................................................................................. 80

VII Durability of the PA4550 module electrodes ..................................................................................................... 80

VIII Warranty and caveat emptor .................................................................................................................................... 81

IX Copyright and right to make alterations ............................................................................................................. 81

EC Declaration of Conformity ................................................................. 83

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

Dear KRÜSS customer,

We wish you every success with your DFA100.

1.1 Reference to other user manuals

1.2 Symbols and text highlighting

 Carry out an operational step or several operational steps

1. Carry out a number of operational steps in succession in the order specified

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

1.2.2 Text highlighting

1.3 Intended use and application restrictions

1.4 Comprehensiveness of the printed version and the

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

1.5 Technical Support

KRÜSS GmbH KRÜSS USA

KRÜSS China KRÜSS France

KRÜSS GmbH | Borsteler Chaussee 85 | 22453 Hamburg | Germany | www.kruss.de

2 For your safety

2.1 Safety Instructions