ELEMENT 3

HEALTH AND
SAFETY
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEMS 2 -
ORGANISING
1) Outline the health and safety roles and responsibilities of employers – 8 marks

Commitment to H & S as the top priority

Setting goals for H&S program/policy
Setting objectives to help the organization evaluate its program
Establishing clear standards of performance & Setting up an effective chain of command
Providing adequate operating authority and responsibility
Hiring and training competent staff
Establishing a Health & Safety committee, Ensuring committee is effective. & Consult &
cooperate with committee
Ensure supervisors provide competent supervision
Provide adequate resources to managers
Arrange for regular examination of work. Place, tools and equipment to ensure safety
Ensure proper maintenance of tools & machines
Ensure the committee regularly inspects the work places & Prompt action on the report of the
committee
Ensure accidents are properly investigated by the committee
Ensure the provision and maintenance of appropriate welfare facilities such as washing
facilities, rest rooms, crèches, canteen and etc.
Proper selection of contractor, cooperate and co ordinate with him and to monitor the
safe execution of work
Ensure that the visitors and the public are not affected by the health and safety issues of
any activity carried on in the premise.

2) Outline the health and safety roles and responsibilities of workers – 8 marks

Are responsible for their own safety and health. Ensure that their actions will not jeopardize the
safety or health of other employees
Are alert to observe and correct, or report, unsafe practices and conditions
Maintain a healthy and safe place to work and cooperate with managers in the
implementation of health and safety matters
Maintain an active interest in health and safety
Learn and follow the operating procedures and health and safety rules and procedures
for safe performance of the job
Follow the established procedures if accidents occur
Make suggestions to improve any aspect of health and safety
3) Outline the roles and responsibilities of Safety specialist – 8 marks

To advise the concerned departments in planning and organizing measures necessary

for effective control of personal injuries
To advise on safety aspects in all job studies and to carry out detailed job safety studies of
selected jobs
To check and evaluate the effectiveness of the action taken to prevent personal injuries
To investigate all accidents and suggest adequate preventive action control Measures
To carry out plant safety inspection in order to observe the physical conditions of work and
work practices and procedures followed by workers and to render advice on measures to be
adopted for removing the unsafe actions by workers
To render advise on matters relating to reporting and investigation of industrial accidents and
diseases
To investigate the cases of industrial diseases and dangerous occurrences
To advise on the maintenance of such records as are necessary relating to accidents,
dangerous occurrences and industrial diseases
To advise the purchasing and stores departments in ensuring high quality and availability of
personal protective equipment
To advise on matters relating to plant safety inspections
To promote setting up of safety committees and act as adviser and catalyst to such
committees
To organize in association with the concerned departments, campaigns, competitions, contests
and other activities which will develop and maintain the interest of the workers in establishing
and maintaining safe conditions of work and procedures
To conduct and design either independently or in collaboration with the training department,
suitable training and educational programmers’ for the prevention of personal injuries

4) Outline the roles and responsibilities of Foremen, Middle Managers and Supervisors – 8
marks

Taking training in their duties and responsibilities on health and safety

Establishing goals that help implement the employer's program in the local work area
Setting an example by working and acting safely
Following the policy of the employer and ensuring workers also to follow it
Finding adequate resources for health and safety
Conducting regular inspections, group meetings and other health and safety activities
Ensuring workers are properly orientated and trained
Creating awareness among workers in health and safety
Establishing and enforcing safe work procedures, rules and practices
Providing workers with the necessary authority and responsibility for health and safety
Holding workers accountable for their performance
 Identifying the reasons for accidents, dangerous occurrences and other deviations
from safe practices and taking corrective action
Responding to workers' concerns promptly and creating an environment where workers are
encouraged to bring forward the deviations noticed by them
Cooperating with the occupational health & safety committee

5) Outline the roles and responsibilities of Directors, Senior Mangers – 8 marks

Developing and enforcing safe and healthy work procedures

Ensuring supervisors are properly selected and trained in their responsibilities
Providing supervisors with the necessary authority and responsibility for health and safety
Allocating adequate resources for health and safety
Holding supervisors accountable for their safety performance
Ensuring there are enough supervisors to effectively supervise workers and control
hazards
Assisting the local committee to carry out its duties effectively
Knowing and complying with the legislation
Scheduling (such as shifts and work processes) with safety in mind

6) Outline the roles and responsibilities of Self Employed – 8 marks

He should design his workplace with Safety measures

He is responsible for his own safety
He should not carry out unauthorized movement since it is restricted
He should abide safety rules and regulation of the company
He should be supervised by a responsible person of the company
He must use all the PPE’s issued to him while he present at site
He should get first aid treatment for his injury how far it is small
During an emergency drill or real situation he should act accordingly

7) Outline t h e r o l e s a n d r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s o f d e s i g n e r s , m a n u f a c t u r e s a n d
suppliers - 8 marks

 DESIGNER
Consider the Factor of safety – Technical aspects of Safety
Articles are designed by considering the ergonomics factors
Use code of practices and relevant standards
Consider the Safe use and maintenance provisions
 MANUFACTURER
Construct the product as per the Design
Use Good quality of materials for Production
Develop the Manufactures Safety Data Sheet
Product label to be displayed on the product
The product has to be tested and certified and provide test certificate to supplier
Give adequate Information, Instruction and Training to suppliers
Properly packed and Stored and Safely reach into the hand of supplier

 SUPPLIER
Suggest good Material to Customer
Provide material safety data sheet
Provide test certificate to customers and product brochure
Give Adequate Information, Instruction about the Hazards
Properly packed and stored and safely to reach into the hand of customer
Give training to customers about the use

8) Outline the Health and safety Criteria’s to be checked while selecting a Contractor - 8
Marks

Contractor’s previous experience with the type of work

Reputation amongst previous and current clients
Content and quality of safety policy
Content and quality of risk assessments
Training and qualifications, competency of employees
Member ship of approved trade bodies and Certifications
Records of maintenance and statutory inspections
Method statements of work activities
Third party insurance of the employees & motivational Schemes
Typical health and safety plan made for similar jobs
Accident statistics and enforcement action records

9) Contractors are carrying out a major building project for an organization.

A) Outline how the organization could reduce the risks to contractors before the project starts
and during the project - 8 m arks (ANS - Client Manages Contractor)

Planning the work

Coordination of the work between client and contractor
Monitoring the work as per the agreed Health and Safety Standards

Planning the work: - Work related information must be exchanged between client and
contractor. Client and contractor should discuss about the hazards may happen during the work
 activities. Conduct a detailed risk assessment and Safe system and procedures to be
documented as method Statement.

Coordination of the work between client and contractor: - The contractor and client must co-
ordinate their work carefully to avoid the conflicts. Relevant Health and Safety information’s to
be communicated between client and contractor.

Monitoring the work as per the agreed Health and Safety Standards: - Periodic
Monitoring to be conducted to ensure that contractor is complies with the safe working
practices and arrangements as per the agreed health and Safety Management system
standards. Periodic monitoring help to improve the health and safety of contractors.

10) Outline how a manager could involve employees in the improvement of health and safety in
the workplace – 8 marks

An employer should involve his employees in the decision making process by consulting with
them on workplace issues. Employers should not only give information to employees, but also
listen to and take account of what they say before any health and safety decisions are made.

The practical means by which this can be done are by employing formal and non- formal
methods, such as:

Team meetings
Safety circles
Works and office safety committees
Involve them in risk assessment process

11) Outline the term Controller of the Premises

A person or organisation can make a workplace available for other people to work in and yet
not be those workers employer. In this instance the owner or agency is not the employer, but
referred to as the “controllers of the premises”.

Controllers of premises will be responsible for certain health and safety matters that are within
the control but not for matters that are outside of their control, e.g. They will be responsible for
the outer fabric of the building, entrance and external fire escape routes, but not for the safety
of a photocopier that belongs to one of their tenants which is used in that tenant’s office.
12) Two organizations share the same work place (Joint premises).

Outline how the organizations could work together to help ensure the work place is safe and
healthy – 8 marks.

Satisfy themselves that the arrangements adopted for health and safety are adequate
Cooperate and c o -ordinate a n y necessary control p r o c e d u r e s with other employers. Take
reasonable steps to coordinate with other employers to comply with legal requirements.
Agree joint arrangements to meet regulatory obligations such as appointing a Health and
safety coordinator
Take reasonable steps to inform other employers where there are risk to health and safety

13) Identify four types of emergency in the work place that may require the evacuation of
workers – 4 marks

Collapse of lifting Appliances: Lifting Equipment Structural part failure and incompetent
operator
Fire and Explosion: Inadequate storage and handling of flammable materials, Damaged
electrical equipments and conducting hot work activities without safety precautions
Gas Leakage: Failure of Safety critical equipments (Process Control Valves & Process Safety
valves and Failure of the integral parts of Storage tanks.
Natural Disaster: - Flood, Storms, & Earth quake are the natural disasters .It happened due to
the environmental impacts on atmosphere, Depletion of natural Resources

14) Outline why it is important to develop emergency procedures in the workplace – 4

marks

Emergency Response procedure is legal requirement

To reduce the property damages and personal injuries
To act immediately without time delay in case of emergency
To deal with the Foreseeable incidents
Emergency procedure gives the clear duties and responsibilities of each employee
Emergency p r o c e d u r e m a i n t a i n s t h e E m e r g e n c y l i f e s a v i n g a p p a r a t u s ,
communication system, Assembly point & Mock drill and training

15) Outline why visitors to workplace should be informed organizations emergency procedure - 4
marks.
Don’t know about the hazards and risk associated with the workplace
Lack of knowledge on emergency evacuation procedures and assembly point
Lack of information about the emergency exits and routes
Don’t know about the operation and use of emergency lifesaving apparatus
Lack of knowledge about the reporting procedures in case of emergency
Unaware a bo ut th e emergency alarm and e me rgen cy co mmun icat ion systems
16) Identify the internal arrangements to be established to deal with the emergency
situations – 8 Marks

Evacuation Procedure: Develop the emergency evacuation procedure as per the identified
emergencies to react with the situations without time delay
Emergency Rescue team: Management should appoint emergency rescue team members in
order to attend the emergencies, Fire fighters and first aid team.
Emergency Communication System: Internal and external communication arrangements to be
done to for the effective coordination between employees and outside bodies, VHF Radio,
PAS –Public addressing system. Emergency alarms
Emergency lifesaving Apparatus: To respond with emergency situations equipment’s to be
arranged like Fire extinguishers, first aid kits and breathing apparatus (SCABA-Self-contained air
breathing apparatus ), AED etc..
Training and Mock drill: Regular training to be given to all employees for effective use of
personal protective equipments, like ELSA (Emergency Life Saving Apparatus) and conduct
scheduled mock drills and involves employees.
Emergency Response Vehicle: Well equipped emergency response vehicle to be arranged
and available in the site.
Emergency Assembly point: Assembly/Muster point to be established and displayed. It should
be centrally located and easily accessible

17) Outline the purpose of first aid - 3 marks

Preserve life: Save the life of a person by giving a medical care

Prevent further Harm: Prevent the condition from worsening
Promote early Recovery: Immediately transfer the person into hospital

18) Outline the factors that to be considered while determining the number of first aiders in a
workplace - 4 marks

Number of workers in the site –Legal requirements ( 50:1)

Hazards and Risk profile of the organization
Distribution of workers –there are in one area or at a certain time of day
Shift Patterns: - adequate cover must be provided for all shifts, including weekend and
night shift operations
Needed to provide first aid –cover during absence –E.g. Holidays and during illness
19) Outline the factors to be considered while setting a first aid provision in the work place - 6
marks

Qualified First aid person should be appointed as per legal requirement

Centrally located in area that can be accessed by the emergency services
Clean and adequately heated, ventilated and illuminated
Provided with hand wash facilities and clinical waste bin
Provided with eye wash stations and emergency showers
Full equipped Emergency vehicle should be available at all time
Wheel chairs and Stretchers are to be provided for handling medical emergencies
Resuscitation equipment and other first aid equipment have to be maintained

20) Outline factors to be assessed when deciding first aid provision - 6 marks

General Risk level of the workplace

Hazards present in the workplace
Accident history –past accidents, first aid records etc.
Specific procedures required –Legal requirements
Presence of vulnerable persons- young persons, pregnant ladies
Number of workers in the workplace
Work patterns and shift systems of workers
Geographic location of the workplace
Spread of the work place –Locations of the work carried out

21) Identify factors that should be considered when developing a programme of health and
safety training – 8 marks

New employee’s: Induction, orientation training has to be delivered

Nature of work: based on type of work activities plans the training programme
Previous accidents: refer the past accident details and develop training programme
Technology and equipment: based the technology and equipment used with site develops
technical training
Competency of employee’s: based on the level of knowledge and skill training individuals has
to be provided
Resources: health and safety training programme has to be planned based on training
resources are available
Refresher training: improve the awareness of employee’s by setting refresher training
schedule
Legal requirement: develop the training programme based on the rules and regulations
Job technology changes: additional consideration should give for job technology change
Hazard and risk: hazardous and risk associated work activities
22) Identify the measures that might be used to assess the effectiveness of health and safety
training – 4 marks

The trainers: trainer will give feedback on delegate based on the performance done during the
training programme.
The trainee’s: delegates given feedback on trainer about the effectiveness of the training.
Supervisors: based on the monitoring made by the supervisor on employee’s how they are
developing health and safety rules
Reduction in accidents: if the accidents rate is reduced from previous accidents rate that shows
the effectiveness.
Sickness absence: reduction in sickness absenteeism among employee’s
Attitude Survey: safe behavioral changes affect the training programme.
Suggestion Made: quality suggestions made by the employees for improving health and safety
after the training.
Reduction in civil and criminal claims: reduced number of compensations and fines shows
the effectiveness of training.
Competence with the procedures: adopted rules and regulations due to health and safety
training

23) Give the meaning term competent person - 2 marks

The person having sufficient practical and theoretical knowledge, sufficient experience, able to
identify defects or weaknesses of the task and qualities to enable him to carry out the
measures required of him

24) Identify checks that could be made to help to assess whether a person is competent – 4
marks

Written examination: Conduct a Technical examination to check competency

Technical qualification: Check the Technical Certificate that He holding
Interview: Conduct a face to face interview to check the company
Experience: Past experience and skills he is having
Awards and appreciation letter: received by the particular person
Communication: Skills and knowledge on rules and regulations

25) Outline the reason why competent person fails in health and safety - 6 marks

Competent person is failure in health and safety due to lack of Management Commitment and
employee motivation. Unrealistic working procedures and over- familiarization with the tasks to
be performed. Repetitive work will lead to boredom and lack of concentration. Peer group
pressure and their willful disregard. Management failure in effective supervision, Lack of
information, training and consultation cause Increased Fatigue and stress and Job Insecurity
26) Give the reasons why it is important for an employer to keep a record of the training provided
to each worker? 4 marks

Training records shows the Proof of employee’s competence

Identify refresher training needed
Review effectiveness of training. Assess progress against targets
Provide evidence in investigations
Provide evidence in legal actions

27) Identify the various circumstances that require the provision of training – 8 marks

New Employees: induction training takes place when workers join an organization; this allows
the worker Job
Job Change: Additional training is necessary when workers job changes in such way that they
are exposed to new hazards and risk
Process Change: When the way in which the work is done changes workers may exposed to
new hazards and risk
New technology: New technologies adopted by organizations create different hazards and risk
that the workers may be unfamiliar with
New legislation: changes to the law governing a particular health and safety issue often create
a need to train workers on the implications of new legislations

28) Outline the typical contents of health and safety induction training - 8 marks

The organization health and safety policy

Fire and other emergency procedures
First aid facilities and personnel
The location of welfare facilities
Safe movement around the workplace
Accident and incident reporting procedures
Worker consultation arrangements
General safety rules such as no smoking areas
Personal protective equipment requirements
Introduction to safe system of work and permit systems
Introduction into permit system
29) Outline the training benefits to employee and employer - 8 marks

Health and safety training to employee help to increase the competency and reduces personal
suffering and pain. The employee has the opportunity for full life style and increases job
satisfaction/earning capacity. Training allows employee to reach experienced worker standard
more quickly. Increases flexibility of staff and improves safety attitude towards work.

Employer having benefits like increased levels of compliance, Improved production, Improved
staff morale, Improved company reputation, Reduced accidents, Reduced ill health, Reduced
damage to equipment, Reduced staff complaints, Reduced staff turnover, Reduced insurance
premiums, Reduced fines and compensation claims.

30) Give the Meaning of the term Health and Safety Culture – 2 - marks

Can be defined as the shared attitudes, values, beliefs and behaviors relating to health and
safety

31) Identify the factors that could have contributed to the deterioration of the health and safety
culture of an organization - 6 marks.

Internal Factors Influence: - Health and safety culture of an organization deteriorated due to
lack of management commitment towards health and safety, Management’ un realistic
product demand, failure to provide welfare facilities and legal issues cause deterioration of
safety culture. Lack of communication and coordination in the organization affect the health
and safety culture. Incompetency of the employees, lack of training and involvement in health
and safety also deteriorate the culture.

External Factors Influence: - The health and safety culture of an organization is deteriorated
due to trade union issues like strikes, lockout. If the organization doesn’t have the financial back
ground and outside financial bodies are not supporting. If Insurance companies are not willing
to pay the compensation amount and asking for high insurance premium. Public near to the
organization are expecting some social activities and requirements and if the organization is not
willing to full fill the requirements public starts to oppose the organization. Enforcement body
place high fines against small issues also an important factor for the deterioration of health and
safety culture.

32) Outline the indicators used to assess the health and safety culture - 4 marks
Health and safety culture of an organization shall be assessed by using different indicators like
accident and incident rates, sickness and absentee rates, resources available for health and
safety, level of legal and other compliances, turnover rates for employees, level of complaints,
level and effectiveness of communication and supervision, near miss rates, level of insurance
premium, a ttitude survey and morality of employees.
33) Outline the different ways that health and safety culture of an organization can be improved -
6 marks

Health and safety culture of an organization can be improved by management’s

ccommitment and leadership on health and safety. Senior management should discuss health
and safety issues with employees, Give prioritization of safety over production. “Safety First”
Agenda should include in meetings and Managers should participate in safety meetings and
inspections. Senior management should have personal interactions with employees and
includes safety in all activities. Management should have an effective communication on health
and safety and cooperation among employees. Adequate supervision for all activities and
immediate implementation of health and safety as per legal requirements.

34) Outline the benefits of positive safety culture to the employer - 4 marks

Positive safety culture influences the organization with increased levels of compliance,
improved production, improved staff morale and improved company reputation. Good health
and safety culture will reduce the ill health and accidents. Reduced damage to equipment and
reduced insurance premiums, compensation claims and fines. A positive health and safety
culture reduced staff complaints and reduced staff turnover.
35) Identify the factors which influence the health and safety behavior of a person - 8 marks

Health and safety behavior of person is totally depends on the three factors, Job, Organization
and Individual.

Job factors: Depends on the characteristics of the job he or she performing, if the job having
high peer group pressure and high work load, it may increase the stress and the behavior of the
person changes. If the work environment and equipments are not in good conditions,
inadequate ergonomic conditions change the behavior. The training and communication, job
rotations and breaks, Safe System of Work are also having importance in job factors.

Organizational Factors: Depends on the characteristics of the organization, i.e. How the
organization i s treating the employees, the health and safety culture, manage health and
safety by providing leadership, communication, monitoring of health and safety, motivation and
proper planning of job etc..

Individual Factors: B elongs to the personal character such as his age, physical condition,
attitude, health condition, experience and competency level, perception, training,
communication skills and gender (male or female).
36) a) Give the meaning term Motivation - 2 marks

b) Outline the ways in which an organization could encourage their employees to be

involved in setting high standards of health and safety – 8 Marks

a) Motivation is a driving force or a stimulant that makes a person to behave or to do a task.

b) An organization could encourage their employees for setting high standards of health
and safety by demonstrating management commitment towards health and safety, providing
good welfare facilities, Recognition of employees for their performance, provide operating
authority, appreciation letters, and incentive programs. As a part of encouragement, involve
the people in health and safety programs like risk assessments, design changes.

To improve the health and safety culture of the organization, negative action also can be taken
like warning letter, penalty, etc. The management should provide adequate training and
communication, campaign programs, celebration of health and safety achievements, setting
good examples of employees and setting SMART objectives and Targets. The management
should give team targets and spirit to complete the job, bonus programs etc.

37) a) Give the meaning term Attitude – 3 Marks

b) Outline the factors influence the attitude of a person - 5 marks

a) Attitude is the tendency to behave in a particular way in a given situation

b) Factors influence the attitudes of a person are:-

Behavior: - The personal characteristics

Experience: - The competency level and the level of training
Peer groups: - pressure from the top management or from the group leader
Management commitment: - The health and safety culture of the organization
Family background: - Support of the family and family issues

38) a) Give the meaning term Perception - 2 Marks

b) Outline the factors affecting the perception of a person - 6 marks

a) Perception is the way that a person uses his sense to compare the information he receives with
his existing knowledge. It shapes how an individual observes a situation
b) The factors affecting the perception of a person are:-
Sensory input
Previous Experience
 Familiarity with the situation
Feeling of being In 'control’
The level and nature of training
Peer group influences
Personal characteristics such as age, attitude and sensory impairment
Fatigue Drugs and alcohol
Illness
Stress

39) Outline the ways the perception of a person can be improved - 4 marks

Increasing awareness of hazards

Involving people in OHS
Increasing knowledge
Identifying employees' misperceptions
Addressing environmental factors and its effect

40) Outline the advantages and disadvantages of verbal communication and outline the
barriers - 8 marks

 ADVANTAGES:
Quick to communicate and easy for delivering the message
The messages are directly can deliver from the sender to the receiver
It is a two way communication
Helps to give an instant feedback and also altered based on the situation

 DISADVANTAGES:
No reference and no record for future
Due to language barriers may have face inconsistency
Talk may be unstructured due to situations
Verbal communication reaches limited audience

 THE BARRIERS:
H earing and speech defects
High noise levels
Distance between the sender and receiver
Language barriers
Lack of knowledge on the subject
Attitude of person
Long duration talk
Speed of communication
41) Outline the merits and demerits of written communication and outline the barriers – 8
marks

 ADVANTAGES ARE:
Record and future reference available for the management system
Written communication presented in a structured way, easily can read and understand
The matters have a consistent approach
Reaches to wide audience
It could not be altered

 DISADVANTAGES ARE:
Time consuming for preparation
No instant feedback
The communication is one way
Production cost is high.

 BARRIERS ARE:
Presentation level of the written material
Quality of information
Quantity
Attitude
Competence
Illiteracy

42) Outline the advantages and disadvantages of visual communication - 8 marks

 ADVANTAGES ARE:
Reinforces oral communication
Provides additional visual stimulus
Simplifies written or spoken word
Quantifies
Provides simulations of situations
Illustrates techniques and procedures
Provides visual record

 DISADVANTAGES ARE:
Difficult to interpret without reinforcing written or spoken word at times
Requires additional skills or comprehension and interpretation
Costly to disseminate or distribute
Storage may be more expensive
Does not always allow time for evaluation
Can become out of date quickly E.g. Posters.
43) Outline the different health and safety communication in an organization - 5 marks

Health and safety communication in the organization are: -

Policy
Procedures
Circulars
Training and Induction programs
Safety manuals
Safe operating instructions
Notice board
Safety meetings
Tool box talks
Posters
Safety campaigns
Communication through Managers
Supervisors
Safety walk down

44) Identify the four types of health and safety information that could be displayed on a
notice board within workplace - 4 marks

Health and safety Policy

Emergency contacts numbers and rescue team members details
Health and safety Messages slogans
Brief Incident report
Investigation reports
Safety alerts
First aid arrangements and first aid person details
Evacuation procedure and assembly points
Safety statistics such as accident and incident rates
Targets set for the organization

45) Outline how the effectiveness of notice boards as a method of communicating health and
safety information can be increased - 4 marks

To improve the effectiveness of notice board it should be located at conspicuous places,

Dedicating Health and safety Relevant and current Information, Neatly and orderly state, Eye
catching - color and graphics and present the information in local language.
46) Outline the advantages and disadvantages of posters - 4 marks

 ADVANTAGES ARE:
Low cost for production
Flexible for display and use
Includes the brevity (brief information about the subject)
Constant reminder to employees
Involve employee (Good employee)

 DISADVANTAGES ARE:
Need to be changed on regular basis
May become soiled
May become defaced
May become out of date
Over reliance
May appear to trivialize important matters
Easy way to discharge health and safety responsibilities

47) Outline the reasons why a verbal instruction may not be clearly understood by an employee

The environment is unsuitable – too much background noise, distractions, etc.

Too much technical jargon is used
The information is complex and there is no opportunity to clarify it
The instruction is ambiguous
The conveyor and receiver have different dialects
Body language interferes with the communication
The language is not understood
The receiver is not listening

48) Explain why it is important to use a variety of methods to communicate health and safety in
the workplace

Some methods are statutory

There may be language barriers People respond to different stimuli
It is necessary to take account of disabilities and impairments
The message may need to be reinforced
Feedback is required
One method may become ineffective
Environmental factors need to be taken into account
Employee involvement needs to be gained