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M. A. H. Akhand
Khulna University of Engineering and Tech…
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Abstract—An integrated portable device for continuous heart so that blood flow to his/her skin gets reduced to conserve body
rate and body temperature monitoring system development heat. As a result he/she starts shivering and it is an involuntary,
is presented in this paper. Heart related diseases are rapid contraction of the muscles.
increasing day by day; therefore, an accurate, affordable
Timely measurement of heart rate and body temperature is
and portable heart rate and body temperature measuring
important for better treatment. In this era of polluted
device is essential for taking action in proper time. Such a
environment, concern regarding human health is top priority
device is more essential in a situation where there is no
than ever before. Everything gets meaningless if one is sick or
doctor or clinic nearby (e.g., rural area) and patients are
dead. Now a days, people spend a lot of money to keep sound
unable not recognize their actual condition. The developed
health. Unfortunately, most of the cases it is found that it is too
system of this study consists of Arduino UNO
late to receive proper medical treatment and things are non-
microcontroller system, transmission system and Android
invertible. So that unexpected incident happens for being
based application. The system gives information of heart
delayed treatment. Since heart rate and body temperature are the
rate and body temperature simultaneously acquired on the
most vital notable indexes of the human health, an affordable
portable device in real time and shows it through the
connected Android application instantly. The developed device to measure such indexes will be helpful for human health.
In general, medical equipment is expensive. Moreover, some
system is more affordable with low price compared to other
devices can provide raw medical calculation of data to patients
developed devices due to use of easy available Arduino UNO
and doctors, but the patients can’t always interpret the medical
and smart phone as Android device. The developed device is
measurement into meaningful diagnosis as they have simple/no
shown acceptable outcomes when compared with other
medical background. In emergency situation, time should not be
measuring devices.
wasted. Sometimes continuous assessment is also necessary.
Keywords—Arduino UNO, Heart Rate, Body Tempareture, Pulse Therefore, an automated system for continuous measuring of
Detection, Pulse Amplification, Signal Extraction. heart rate and body temperature is very much essential.
I. INTRODUCTION In this study, an android assistive integrated heart rate and
body temperature measuring embedded system is developed.
Heart rate simply indicates the soundness of our heart. It
Since the system provides the information about both heart rate
helps assessing the condition of cardiovascular system [1].
and body temperature through android application, anyone can
Human's heart pounds to pump oxygen-rich blood to muscles. It
monitor physical status easily. Moreover, the system may be
carries cell waste products away from tissues [2]. Heart rate
useful for monitoring condition of vary seek patents from
varies according to the demand of muscles to absorb oxygen and
remote place. Rest of the paper explains existing approaches,
excrete carbon dioxide changes such thing happen during
our system model, system development and finally system
exercise or sleep [3]-[5]. Normally the heart rate which is
performance measurement.
calculated for a resting person is about to 70 bpm for adult males
and 75 bpm for adult females. A heart rate monitor is simply a II. EXISTING APPROACHES
device that takes a sample of heartbeats and calculates the heart
beats per minute and the information can easily track the current There are some existing approaches designed and developed
heart condition [6]. for measuring heart rate. At present, the recent technologies for
measuring heart rate are consist of several methods using
On the other hand, body temperature is also a general optical and electrical methods. Casually electrical method
indication of body condition. Normal human body temperature provides a bulky strap around one’s chest [7]. But the optical
is (98.6 ° F ± 0.7°F) and it varies activity of the person as well method requires no such strap and it can be used more
as place of measurement. When a person is too hot, the blood effectively. Low cost heart rate measuring devices were
vessels in his/her skin expand to carry the excess heat to his/her developed using optical technology. In optical method powerful
skin's surface. And for this reason the person begins to sweat. LED and Light Dependent Resister (LDR) are used to sense
Then the sweat evaporates and this process helps to cool his/her pulses [8]. The pulse signals are then amplified by an amplifier
body. When a person is too cold, his/her blood vessels narrow circuit and filtered through a band pass filter. The amplified and
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a reflector of the incident light. The amount of light reflected potentiometer is placed at the output of the first signal
back from the fingertip is monitored by the photo transistor. The conditioning stage in case the total gain of the two stages is
output (VSENSOR) shows in Fig. 3 from the sensor is a periodic required to be less than 10201. If a heartbeat is detected then an
physiological waveform attributed to small variations in the LED connected to the output of the second stage of signal
reflected IR light and it is caused by the pulsating tissue blood conditioning will blink. The final stage a simple non-inverting
volume inside the finger. buffer is implemented so that output impedance will be lower.
While reading the amplified PPG signal through the ADC
channel of a microcontroller is used to then it helps much. After
that the output is connected to the Digital Pin 8 of Arduino
UNO. The diagram shows the configuration of the IR emitter
and IR receiver in relation to the finger. They are placed in such
a way that the infrared light reflects from the finger to the to the
IR receiver.
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LM35 sensor has been used for measuring body temperature.
According to body temperature the sensor outputs an analogue
voltage. To reduce output drift due to noise in input voltage a
1uF capacitor is connected across the Vin and ground of the
sensor. The temperature sensor circuit diagram is shown in Fig.
6.
also takes the analogue voltage output (Vout) of the temperature D. System Overview
sensor and measures the body temperature by the following eqn Fig. 7 shows the system flow chart. At first the system
5 and 6. checks the bluetooth connection between the processing unit
and microcontroller and the Android device. If the connection
temp = temp × 0.48828125 (5) is ok then placing the finger in the infrared sensor the
tempf = (temp×1.8) + 32 (6) microcontroller gets the some analog frequency for
corresponding blood flow. Placing the finger infront of the
infrared sensor an the receiver gets the transmitted signal from
C. Android Application Development to Store and Display transmitter. After that, using both high pass filter, low pass filter
In our system, development of android application, called and amplifier circuit shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 the signal is
“Heartmate”, is a vital portion. We monitor the heart rate and made computable by the microcontroller used in Arduino UNO.
body temperature through this application. When the heartbeat The temperature sensor also outputs an analog signal in parallel
and body temperature are measured the microcontroller sends while the heart beat signal is captured is shown in Fig. 5. For
the result to the application through the HC-05 Bluetooth getting good performance 30 values are taken then the average
module. Instantly the current condition of the patient is values is considered the appropriate ones. When the signals are
displayed in the application interface. So that anyone can easily digitized by the microcontroller sends the heart rate and body
understand the present situation of the patient and can take temperature to the android “Heartmate” application through
immediate action. HC-05 Bluetooth module. Through this approach it is now
become very easy for continuous heart rate and body
temperature monitoring
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E. Significance of the System For performance checking of our system, we measured the heart
In this system we have tried to implement a low cost heart rate for a person for 20 minutes and the result is shown in the
rate and body temperature monitoring system. We have Fig. 10. In this process we measured the heartbeat through
implemented the system in Android platform since Android Sphygmomanometer which represents the actual measurd heart
devices are available in cheap price. The device is portable and rate in the Fig. 10. At the same time we measured the heart rate
light weight so that it can be carried easily anywhere. Through placing our device in the left thumb of the person. Since a little
this system it is possible to monitor the heart rate and body movement of the fingure while measuring heart rate through our
temperature continuously. As a result for those patients for system the the analog value for corresponding blood flow is
whom it is must to monitor the heart rate and body temperature affected by noise. As a result we got some errors in our
continuously then in that condition the system can be adopted experimental results. For this reason we got appropriate value
easily. The system can provide much support to know the at beginning of our experiment then after passing several
present condition of the patient if there is no doctor or clinic minutes the result deviated much from the original value. While
nearby. measuring body temperature we measurd the actual temperature
through clinical Thermometer. And along with this we also
IV. PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT measured the body temperature with our device. Fig. 11 shows
the actual and measured body temperature. We got some
Fig. 8 represents the bread board implementation of heart
varriance in the measured value.
rate and body temperature measuring hardware module unit of
our implemented system. In our implemented system the user
has to start the hardware module first then run the Heartmate 85
android application. The IR transmitter and receiver are
Heart Rate(Bpm)
83
81
79
Measured
77 Actual
75
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Time (Minute)
Figure 10. Actual vs. Measured Heart rate measured for 20 minutes
99
Measued
Figure 8. Heart rate and body temperature measuring device bread board Actual
98.5
Teperature
implementation.
V. CONCLUSION
In this paper, we have shown a design of a heart rate and
body temperature measuring embedded system. The final
outcome of our approach is an android based portable heart rate
and body temperature measurement system with a suitable
architecture which can be applicable in medical and home
appliances in patient health monitoring system. The system has
been tested for some valid signal such as heart rate and body
Figure 9. Measuring Heart Rate and Body Tempearture temperature. The system gives comparatively better
performance than old hand measuring system.
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