Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Analysis Results
Correlation Results
Variable Impact Matrix
Conclusions
Recommendations
Feb. 20 – 22, 2017 2017 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop 2
Denver, Colorado
Introduction
Liquid loading is phenomena that occurs when actual
velocity of gas is below critical velocity of gas (minimum
gas velocity required to lift liquids from the bottom to the
surface)
– When this occurs liquid accumulates at the bottom of the
well instead of being produced
– Lead to …
• well no longer flowing
• fatigue and wear on downhole equipment
• shorter life expectancy of artificial lift equipment
Source: http://www.petrosol.co/projects.html
Feb. 20 – 22, 2017 2017 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop 5
Denver, Colorado
Example of Production Curve (Well 9)
4000
Production Curve of Well 9
3500
Gas Production Rate (MCFD)
3000
Well
2500 Shut-In Well
Shut-In
2000
Artificial Lift
1500 Needed
1000
500
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Time (days)
• Company 2
Source:http://www.aogr.com/magazine/cover-story/developing-tools-
practices-for-artificial-lift-applications-critical-in-hor
Feb. 20 – 22, 2017 2017 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop 10
Denver, Colorado
Cumulative Dogleg
EOT
1400
Medium liquid flow rate 2<x<5 bpd
1000
800
600
400
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Undulation amplitude (ft)
Feb. 20 – 22, 2017 2017 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop 14
Denver, Colorado
Cumulative Dogleg Past End of
Tubing 30 Wells
Normalized abs value cumulative dogleg past EOT impact on liquid
loadingimpact on liquid loading onset time separated by tubing
pressure
1600
Median Cumulative Low tubing pressure <250 psi
Dogleg 21.5
Liquid Loading Onset time (days)
800
Wells Outliers
600
because of
high pressure
400
10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Cumulative Dogleg (deg/1000 ft)
Feb. 20 – 22, 2017 2017 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop 15
Denver, Colorado
Cumulative Dogleg Past End of
Tubing 30 Wells
Normalized Absolute Value Cumulative Dogleg Past EOT Impact on
Liquid Loading Onset Time Separated by Liquid Flow Rate at Liquid
Loading Onset
1600
Liquid Loading Onset Time (days)
800
600
400
10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Cumulative Dogleg (deg/1000 ft)
Feb. 20 – 22, 2017 2017 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop 16
Denver, Colorado
Cumulative Dogleg Past End of
Tubing 13 Wells
Normalized Cumulative Dogleg Past EOT Impact on Liquid Loading
Onset Time Separated by Tubing Pressure
60
Median Low liquid flowrate <75
Cumulative bpd
Liquid Loading Onset Time (months)
30
Median LLO 29
20 months
10
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Cumulative Dogleg (deg/1000 ft)
Feb. 20 – 22, 2017 2017 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop 17
Denver, Colorado
Cumulative Dogleg Past End of
Tubing 13 Wells
Normalized Cumulative Dogleg Past EOT Impact on Liquid Loading
Onset Time Separated by Tubing Pressure
60
Median High tubing pressure 290
Cumulative psi<
Liquid Loading Onset Time (months)
20
10
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Cumulative Dogleg (deg/1000 ft)
40 Large Diameter
Median LLO
29 months
30
20
10
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Cumulative Dogleg (deg/1000 ft)
Normalized
Median
Water at EOT Absolute
EOT Tubing
LLO Angle Cumulative
Pressure
dls past EOT
Liquid
Loading
-0.27 -0.0038 0.16 -0.43 -0.50
Onset
Time
Case 1 ↓ ↓ ↓ ↑ Key
Case 2 ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑
Case 5 ↓ ↓ ↑ ↑
Case 8 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↓
Feb. 20 – 22, 2016 2017 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop 21
Denver, Colorado
Variable Matrix Impact Case Examples
Normalized Absolute Value Cumulative Dogleg Past EOT Impact on
Liquid Loading Onset Time Separated by Tubing Pressure
1600
Low tubing pressure <250 psi
Liquid Loading Onset Time (days)
1200
1000
800
Case 4
600
400
10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Cumulative Dogleg (deg/1000 ft)
Feb. 20 – 22, 2017 2017 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop 22
Denver, Colorado
Variable Impact Matrix – Company 1
If 2/3 variables are below median values, well has late liquid loading
If 2/3 variables are above median values, well has early liquid loading
Normalized
Liquid Flow Median tubing Well
Cum Dogleg
Case # Rate pressure Performance
past EOT
(2 bpd ) (219 psi) (894 Days)
(21.5 deg/1000 ft)
Case 1 ↓ ↓ ↓ ↑ Key
Case 2 ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑
Case 5 ↓ ↓ ↑ ↑
Case 8 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↓
Feb. 20 – 22, 2017 2017 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop 23
Denver, Colorado
Company 2
• Between water cut, wellhead pressure, liquid flowrate,
and cumulative dogleg past EOT, if 3 variables were
above median values then Liquid Loading onset time
was below field median
• No clear pattern if two of four variables are above
median values
• Since there were only 13 wells for company 2 there
weren’t enough clear patterns for a variable matrix