Group No: sheet 1 of 6 Rev

Job Title:
Part: Formwork - 500mm x 500mm column with 6m height
Client
Made by Checked by Date: 23/2/2016

Design Title: Formwork for 500mm x 500mm column with 6m height

Part 1 - Design data

The design of Timber Formwork is in accordance with "Formwork - A Guide to Good Practice, 2nd edition 1995" and BS 5975:2008
Assumptions
- Concrete density is considered as 25.5 kN/m^3
- Timber design is carried out according to BS 5975:2008 and all Timber shall be at least class C24
- All steel to be grade 250 to BS 4360 unless otherwise specified

a) 20mm thickness of Plywood

Type of Plywood = C24
Thickness of Plywood = 20 mm
2
Elastic modulus, E x K2 = 8640 N/mm^2 x 0.8 = 6912 N/mm with wet condition
Permissible bending stress, pb x K2 = 6 N/mm^2 x 0.8 = 4.8 N/mm2 with wet condition
Permissible shear stress, pv x K2 = 0.64 N/mm^2 x 0.9 = 0.576 N/mm2 with wet condition
Table 2 in BS
5975:2008 A1:2011

Table 16 in BS
5268:2002 +
A1:2011

b) 50mm x 150mm - C24 Vertical bracing

Type of timber for vertical bracing = C24
Size of vertical bracing = 50 mm x 150 mm
Elastic modulus, E x K2 = 5760 N/mm^2 x 0.8 = 4608 N/mm2
Permissible bending stress, pb
= Basic x K2 x K3 x K7 x K8 = 8.4 x 0.8 x 1.4
x 1.079 x 1.1 = 11.17 N/mm2
Permissible shear stress, pv
= Basic x K2 x K3 x K7 x K8 = 1.34 x 0.9 x 1.4
x 1.079 x 1.1 = 2.004 N/mm2
Permissible compressive stress, pc
= Basic x K2 x K3 x K4 x K7 = 2.76 x 0.6 x 1.4
x 1.0 x 1.079 = 3.35 N/mm2
where K7 = (300 / depth)^0.11 = 1.079 BS 5975:2008 +
A1:2011 in clause
K8 = 1.1 or 1.0 1.1 with load sharing 16.4.2.10 &
16.4.2.11
 Group No: sheet 2 of 6 Rev
Job Title:
Part: Formwork - 500mm x 500mm column with 6m height
Client
Made by Checked by Date: 23/2/2016

c) 75mm x 150mm - C24 Timber Waler

Type of timber waler = C24
Size of timber plywood = Mean elasticity modulus x K2 = 75 mm x 150 mm
Elastic modulus, E = 5760 N/mm^2 x 0.8 = 4608 N/mm2
Permissible bending stress, pb = Basic stress x K2 x K3 x K7 x K8
= 8.4 x 0.8 x 1.4
x 1.079 x 1.0 = 10.153 N/mm2
Permissible tensile stress, pt = Basic stress x K2 x K3
2
= 5.04 x 0.8 x 1.4 = 5.645 N/mm
Permissible shear stress, pv = Basic stress x K2 x K3 x K7 x K8
= 1.34 x 0.9 x 1.4
x 1.079 x 1.0 = 1.822 N/mm2
Permissible compressive stress, pc = Basic stress x K2 x K3 x K4 x K7
= 2.76 x 0.6 x 1.4
2
x 1.0 x 1.079 = 3.35 N/mm
where K7 = (300 / depth)^0.11 = 1.079 BS 5975:2008 +
A1:2011 in clause
K8 = 1.1 or 1.0 = 1 without load sharing 16.4.2.10 &
16.4.2.11

Table 11 in BS
5268:2002 +
A1:2011

Table 7 in BS
5268:2002 +
A1:2011

d) 75 mm x 150 mm size of timber waler at coner of the formwork to resist the tensile force
The properties are same as horizontal timber waler which is mentioned at c)
 Group No: sheet 3 of 6 Rev
Job Title:
Part: Formwork - 500mm x 500mm column with 6m height
Client
Made by Checked by Date: 23/2/2016

Part 2 - Determining Concrete Pressure acting on formwork

Coefficient dependent on the size and shape of formwork C1 = 1.0 for wall

C1 = 1 (mh)^0.5 (see CIRIA Report 108 Table 1 for value) C1 = 1.5 for Column
Coefficient dependent on the constituent materials of the concrete
C2 = 0.45 (m)^0.5 (see CIRIA Report 108 Table 1 for value)
Weight density of fresh concrete D = 24.5 kN/m^3 + 1 kN/m^3 = 25.5 kN/m^3
Maximum vertical height H = = 6 m
Concrete temperature at placing T = Lowest temperature for the max. conc. Pressure = 30 ℃ (in Hong Kong)
Temperature coefficient K = [ 36 / (T + 16)]^2 = 0.61248
Rate of conc. rising vertically up R = (Assumed as maximum value) = 10 m^3/h

Diagram of Lateral Pressure

Depth, h Rate, R C1 sprt(R) Hydrostatic, Dh Pmax Min (Dh, Pmax)
(m) (m/h) (m) kPa kPa kPa
0.0 92.477 0.000 0.000
6.00 10.000 3.162
5.33 10.000 3.162 17.000 92.477 17.000 17.000

4.67 10.000 3.162 34.000 92.477 34.000 34.000

51.000 92.477 51.000 51.000
4.00 10.000 3.162

Elevation height (m)

3.33 10.000 3.162 68.000 92.477 68.000 68.000

2.67 10.000 3.162 85.000 92.477 85.000 85.000

2.00 10.000 3.162 102.000 92.477 92.477

92.477
1.33 10.000 3.162 119.000 92.477 92.477
92.477
0.67 10.000 3.162 136.000 92.477 92.477
0.00 10.000 3.162 153.000 92.477 92.477 92.477
Note that: 92.477
R = The rate of concrete rising vertically up = Q/A 0.000 50.000 100.000

Pmax Conc. Pressure (kN/m2)

= Maximum vertical height = D{C1*sqrt(R) + C2*K*sqrt[H-C1*sqrt(R)]}
When C1 sprt(R) > H, the hydrostatic pressure (Dh) should be taken as the design
Thus, the maximum design concrete pressure is 92.478 kPa

Check the capacity of 20mm thickness of plywood

Provide that 20 (b) mm thickness of plywood and 250 mm vertical bracing spacing
Consider effective loading width d = = 1000 mm
Design UDL loading, w q = w*Lw = ( 92.478kN/m^2 x 1m ) = 92.477 kN/m
Span length, L s = Spacing of vertical bracing = 250 mm
Cross section area A = bd = 1000mm x 20mm = 20000 mm^2
Elastic modulus E = = 6912 N/mm^2
Section Modulus Z = bd^2/6 = [1000mm x (20mm)^2] / 6 = 66666.7 mm^3
Second moment of inertia I = bd^3/12 = [1000mm x (20mm)^3] / 12 = 666667 mm^4
Maximum design bending moment Mmax = qs^2/10 = 92.478 kN/m x (0.25m)^2 / 10
= 0.57798 kNm/m 250mm Spacing (Max)
20mm
Required bending stress σreq = Mmax / Z thickness of
= 8.670 N/mm^2 < 11.169 N/mm^2 plywood OK
Maximum design shear force Vmax = qs= 92.478 kN/m x (0.25m)
50mm x
= 23.119 kN/m 150mm of
σreq vertcial timber
Required shear stress = Vmax / A
= 1.156 kN/m < 2.004 kNm/m OK
75mm x
Maximum deflection value dmax = 0.0066 q s^4 /(EI) 150mm of
= 0.0066 x (92.478N/mm) x (250mm)^4 / timber waler
(6912N/mm^2) / (666667mm^4)
= 0.517 mm
Allowable deflection value dallowable = s / 270
= 0.926 mm
> 0.517 mm OK
 Group No: sheet 4 of 6 Rev
Job Title:
Part: Formwork - 500mm x 500mm column with 6m height
Client
Made by Checked by Date: 23/2/2016

Check the capacity of 50mm x 150mm of vertical bracing

Provide that 50mm x 150 mm vertical bracing with 250 mm spacing and timber waler with 800 mm spacing
Size of vertical bracing = 50 mm x 150 mm
Effective loading width d = = 250 mm
Design UDL loading, w q = w*Lw = ( 92.478kN/m^2 x 0.25m ) = 23.119 kN/m
Span length, L s = Spacing of timber waler = 800 mm
Cross section area A = bd = 50mm x 150mm = 7500 mm^2
Elastic modulus E = = 4608 N/mm^2
Section Modulus Z = bd^2/6 = [50mm x (150mm)^2] / 6 = 187500 mm^3
Second moment of inertia I = bd^3/12 = [50mm x (150mm)^3] / 12 = 1.4E+07 mm^4
Maximum design bending moment Mmax = 0.107 q s^2 = 0.107 x 23.12 kN/m x (0.8m)^2
= 1.58321 kNm/m
Required bending stress σreq = Mmax / Z 50mm x 100mm of
vertical timber with
= 8.444 N/mm^2 250mm spacing (Max)
< 11.169 N/mm^2 OK
Maximum design shear force Vmax = 0.607 qs = 0.607 x 23.12 kN/m x (0.8m)
= 11.227 kN/m
Required shear stress σreq = Vmax / A
= 1.497 kN/m OK
800mm
< 2.004 kNm/m (Max)
Maximum deflection value dmax = 0.00632 q s^4/(EI)
= 0.00632 x 23.12N/mm x (800mm)^4 /4608N/mm^2 75mm x150mm
/14062500mm^3 timber waler with
800mm spacing
= 0.924 mm
Allowable deflection value dallowable = L / 270
= 2.963 mm
> 0.924 mm OK

Check the capacity of 50mm x 150mm of vertical bracing (Cantilever part)

Provide that 50mm x 150 mm vertical bracing with mm spacing with 300 mm cantilever
Size of vertical bracing = 50 mm x 150 mm
Effective loading width d = = 250 mm
Design UDL loading, w q = w*Lw = ( 0kN/m^2 x 0.25m ) = 23.119 kN/m
Span length, L s = Spacing of timber waler = 300 mm
Cross section area A = bd = 50mm x 150mm = 7500 mm^2
Elastic modulus E = = 4608 N/mm^2
Section Modulus Z = bd^2/6 = [50mm x (150mm)^2] / 6 = 187500 mm^3
Second moment of inertia I = bd^3/12 = [50mm x (150mm)^3] / 12 = 1.4E+07 mm^4
Maximum design bending moment Mmax = q s^2/2 = 23.12 kN/m x (0.3m)^2 / 2
= 1.04037 kNm/m
Required bending stress σreq = Mmax / Z 50mm x 100mm of
vertical timber with
= 5.549 N/mm^2 250mm spacing (Max)
< 11.169 N/mm^2 OK
Maximum design shear force Vmax = 11.227kN/m / 2 + wL = 5.614kN/m + 23.12 kN/m x (0.3m)
= 12.549 kN/m
Required shear stress σreq = Vmax / A
= 1.673 kN/m OK
800mm
< 2.004 kNm/m (Max)
Maximum deflection value dmax = q s^4/(8EI)
= 23.12N/mm x (300mm)^4 / 8 /4608N/mm^2 75mm x150mm
/14062500mm^3 timber waler with
800mm spacing
= 0.361 mm
Allowable deflection value dallowable = s / 270
= 1.111 mm
> 0.361 mm OK
 Group No: sheet 5 of 6 Rev
Job Title:
Part: Formwork - 500mm x 500mm column with 6m height
Client
Made by Checked by Date: 23/2/2016

Check the capacity of 75mm x 150mm of timber waler

Provide that 75mm x 150 mm timber waler with 800 mm spacing
Size of timber waler = 75 mm x 150 mm
Effective loading area Aeff = spacing of vertical bracing x spacing of timber waler
= 250mm x 800mm = 200000 mm^2
Design UDL loading w = max design concrete pressure = 92.477 kN/m^2
Design point loading P = w x Aeff = 92.478kN/m^2 x 0.2m^2 = 18.495 kN
Span length L = = 500 mm
Cross section area A = bd = 75mm x 150mm = 11250 mm^2
Elastic modulus E = = 4608 N/mm^2
Section Modulus Z = bd^2/6 = [75mm x (150mm)^2] / 6 = 281250 mm^3
Second moment of inertia I = bd^3/12 = [75mm x (150mm)^3] / 12 = 2.1E+07 mm^4
Maximum design bending moment Mmax = PL/4 = 18.496 kN x 0.5m / 4
= 2.312 kNm
Required bending stress σreq = Mmax / Z
= 8.220 N/mm^2
< 10.153 N/mm^2 OK
Maximum design shear force Vmax = P/2 + P/2
= 18.495 kN
Required shear stress σreq = Vmax / A
= 1.644 kN/m
< 1.822 kNm/m OK
Maximum deflection value dmax = P L^3 /48/(EI)
= 18496N x mm x (500mm)^3 /48 / 4608N/mm^2
/21093750mm^3

= 0.496 mm
Allowable deflection value dallowable = L / 270
= 1.852 mm
> 0.496 mm OK

Check the capacity of coner waler for tension resistance

Same properties with horizontal timber waler
Design tension P = design shear force of horizontal timber waler / sin 45 = 26.157 kN
Cross section area A = same as horizontal timber waler = 11250 mm^2
Required tensile stress T = σxA = 2.325 n?mm^2
< 5.645 kN OK
 Group No: sheet 6 of 6 Rev
Job Title:
Part: Formwork - 500mm x 500mm column with 6m height
Client
Made by Checked by Date: 23/2/2016

Summary:
Thickness of plywood = 20 mm of C24
Size of vertical bracing = 50 mm x 150 mm
Horizontal Spacing of vertical bracing = 250 mm (Max)
Size of vertical bracing = 75 mm x 150 mm
Vertical Spacing of timber waler = 800 mm (Max)
= 300 mm (Max) (Cantilever at top and bottom)

75mm x 150mm of C24

coner waler with 800mm
spacing (Max)

75mm x 150mm of C24 20mm thickness of C24 plywood

timber waler with 800mm
spacing (Max)

50mm x 150mm of C24

vertical timber with 250mm
spacing