OptiX OSN 9500 Intelligent Optical Switching System

HUAWEI®
OptiX OSN 9500 Intelligent Optical Switching System

System Description
V100R001
System Description
Manual Version T1-040000-20021125-C-1.00
Product Version V100R001
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Notice
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort
has been made in the preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the
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don't constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.
System Description
About This Manual
1 Introduction
This System Description provides a brief description of the features, applications,

structure and technical specifications of the OptiX OSN 9500 Intelligent Optical
Switching System (OptiX OSN 9500 in short).The document is arranged as follows:
Introduction
Outlines the requirement of backbone network and Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
over the transmission network; discusses the corresponding Huawei solutions,
together with the application of the OptiX OSN 9500 on the transmission network.
Product Features
Lists the Huawei OptiX series optical transmission products and highlights a few
outstanding features of the OptiX OSN 9500.
Networking Application
Describes the networking application of the OptiX OSN 9500 from a view of network
planning. The typical intelligence-related application is focused on.
System Structure
Introduces the structure of the OptiX OSN 9500 by functional modules, followed by a
layered introduction to the hardware and software structures.
Reliability Design
Deals with the equipment and network-level protection mechanisms of the OptiX
Error! Style not defined. System Description
OSN 9500.
Operation, Administration & Maintenance
Describes the OptiX OSN 9500 in terms of Operation, Administration & Maintenance
(OAM).
Technical Specifications
Collects all the OptiX OSN 9500 related technical parameters and specifications.
Acronyms
Lists all the acronyms used in the manual, together with their meanings for
comprehension purpose.
2 Target Readers
This document is designed for any one who needs a general command of the
features, applications, structure and technical specifications of the OptiX OSN 9500.
3 Conventions Used
The symbols below are used in the manual:

Symbol Meaning
Symbol for general precautionary message, reader should take note during operation.
Symbol for possible static damage to the equipment, reader should be careful.
Symbol for electrical hazard, reader should be careful
Symbol for strong laser beam, reader should be careful.
Symbol for prompt information, reader may make reference.
Symbol for the OptiX OSN 9500.
Symbol for Add/Drop Multiplexer (ADM).
Symbol for Terminal Multiplexer (TM).
Symbol for case-shaped Add/Drop Multiplexer (ADM).
Symbol for router equipment.
Symbol for switch equipment.

System Description
Contents
1 Introduction
1 Service and Market Demands 1

2 Overview of Network Application 2
2 Product Features
1 OptiX Series Optical Transmission Products 4

2 Functions and Enhancements 7
2.1 Application of the OptiX OSN 9500 7
2.2 Large Capacity and Multi-granularity Optical
Switching Capability 7
2.3 Flexible Optical Switching Applications 7
2.4 Abundant Service Types 8
2.5 Higher Integration Design 8
2.6 Easy Upgrade and Expansion 8
2.7 Flexible Networking 8
2.8 Diverse Protection Mechanisms 8
2.9 Powerful ECC Processing 9
2.10 Excellent Network Management Functionality 9
2.11 Power Supply and Environment Monitoring 9
2.12 Perfect SSM Management 10
2.13 Tandem Connection Monitoring (TCM) 10
3 Networking Application
1 Basic Network Topologies Supported by the OptiX OSN

9500 11
1.1 Chain Network 12
1.2 Ring Network 13
1.3 Mesh Network 13
i
System Description
Contents
1.4 Complex Network 14

2 Application in Networking 16
2.1 Application of Intelligent Feature 16
2.2 Application of the Switching Functionality 19
2.3 Combined Application with the OptiX 10G and the
OptiX 2.5G 20
4 System Structure
1 Functional Modules 21
2 Hardware Structure 27
2.1 Cabinet 27
2.2 Subrack 27
2.3 Circuit Board 29
3 Software Structure 33
3.1 Board Software 35
3.2 NE Software 36
3.3 NM System 36
5 Reliability Design
1 Equipment Protection 38
1.1 Hot-standby 1+1 Redundancy for Key Functional
Modules 38
1.2 Protection in Abnormal Conditions 39
1.3 Software Fault-Tolerance 40
1.4 Data Security 41
2 Network Protection 42
2.1 Linear MS Protection 42
2.2 Ring Network Protection 42
2.3 Protection of Inter-ring Interconnection Traffic 48
2.4 Sub-Network Connection Protection (SNCP) 50
ii
System Description
Contents
2.5 Shared-fiber Virtual Path Protection 50

2.6 Mesh Network Protection 51
6 Operation, Administration & Maintenance
1 Operation and Maintenance 55

2 OptiX iManager NM System 57
7 Technical Specifications
1 System Features 58
1.1 Applications 58
1.2 Intelligent Features 58
1.3 Service Switching Capability 58
1.4 Multiplexing and Mapping Structure 59
1.5 Interface Type 60
1.6 Mechnical Structure 62
1.7 Power Supply and Power Consumption 62
1.8 Environmental Conditions 63
2 Main Indexes of the OptiX OSN 9500 64
2.1 Optical Interface Specifications 64
2.2 Timing and Synchronization 75
2.3 Jitter Performance 75
2.4 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) 77
A Acronyms
iii
System Description
List of Figures
Figure 1 Networking application of the OptiX OSN 9500 3

Figure 2 Network configurations of the OptiX OSN 9500 12
Figure 3 Chain network 13
Figure 4 Ring network 13
Figure 5 Mesh network 14
Figure 6 Subtending rings 15
Figure 7 Intelligence features in application 17
Figure 8 Traffic engineering technique in application 18
Figure 9 OVPN in application 19
Figure 10 Multi-service switching functionality in application 19
Figure 11 Combined application with the OptiX 10G and the
OptiX 2.5G 20
Figure 12 Functional structure of the OptiX OSN 9500 system 22
Figure 13 The OptiX OSN 9500 subrack 28
Figure 14 Front view of the OptiX OSN 9500 subrack 29
Figure 15 Back view of the OptiX OSN 9500 subrack 30
Figure 16 Software structure of the OptiX OSN 9500 33
Figure 17 Module based software structures of OSP 34
Figure 18 Relation between the control panel and the data
panel 35
Figure 19 1+1 protection 39
Figure 20 Two-fiber bi-directional MS shared protection rings 43
Figure 21 Two-fiber unidirectional MS dedicated protection
rings 45
Figure 22 Four-fiber MS shared protection rings 47
Figure 23 Interconnection service protection between MS
shared protection rings 49
Figure 24 Subnetwork connection protection 50
Figure 25 Shared fiber virtual trail protection 51
Figure 26 Shared fiber virtual trail protection 51
Figure 27 Mesh network protection: non-intersecting recovery 52
iv
System Description
List of Figures
Figure 28 Mesh network protection: failure route dependent

recovery 53
Figure 29 Mesh network protection: local processing recovery 54
Figure 30 Multiplexing and mapping structure 60
v
System Description
List of Tables
Table 1 OptiX series optical transmission products 5

Table 2 Differential protection for different service levels 16
Table 3 System units and the boards included and their
functionality 25
Table 4 List of the circuit board 31
Table 5 Cross-connect and access capabilities of the OptiX
OSN 9500 59
Table 6 Interface Type 60
Table 7 Optical interface types of the OptiX OSN 9500 61
Table 8 Clock characteristics of the OptiX OSN 9500 61
Table 9 Auxiliary Interfaces provided by the OptiX OSN 9500 61
Table 10 Mechanical structural components of the OptiX OSN
9500 62
Table 11 Maximum power consumption of circuit boards 62
Table 12 Environmental Conditions 63
Table 13 Application codes of optical interfaces 64
Table 14 Parameters specified for STM-1 optical interfaces 65
Table 16 Parameters specified for STM-16 optical interfaces
(1) 67
(2) 68
Table 19 Mean launched power 71
Table 20 Extinction ratio (EX) 71
Table 21 Receiver sensitivity 72
Table 22 Receiver overload 73
Table 23 Permissible frequency deviation at input 74
Table 24 Optical Output Interface AIS Rate Tolerance 74
Table 25 Output Jitter 75
Table 26 Clock output frequency 75
Table 27 STM-N jitter generation 76
vi
System Description
List of Tables
Table 28 Jitter tolerance at STM-N interfaces 76

Table 29 Measuring filter 77
Table 30 EMC-related standards 77
vii
System Description
Introduction
1 Service and Market Demands
With the ever growing of transmission network, network expansions are conducted
worldwide. However, the problem of service grooming is becoming more and more
concerned as well. The telecom operators are now facing the challenge to plan and
manage more complex network and achieve the efficient application of the network.
The OptiX OSN 9500, a newly developed bandwidth switching platform by Huawei
Technologies, enjoys intelligent feature and works with different levels of granularity.
It can be used on metropolitan backbone network and long-haul backbone network
for the grooming of services. It helps to build a network with dynamic bandwidth
allocation and thus forms an independent, operable management network for
dynamic bandwidth environment, which solve the problem of grooming of
large-capacity traffic flows and streamline the network management. The effect
using the OptiX OSN 9500 is great, or even revolutionary on the networking scheme,
network layer architecture and network equipment development.
1
2 Overview of Network Application
The OptiX OSN 9500 features large switching capacity, flexible service access, high
bandwidth availability and network reliability. As the intelligent optical switching
platform, it adopts the optical core switch technology and provides switching capacity
up to 720G. It deploys a variety of network configurations, including chain, ring and
mesh networks, etc., and provides flexible VC-4, VC-3 and VC-12 levels of
granularity for efficient bandwidth management.
Besides, the OptiX OSN 9500 supports the following intelligent features:
auto-configuration of end-to-end service; Service Level Agreement (SLA) and traffic
engineering control; mesh network configuration and service protection; Optical
Virtual Private Network (OVPN) service.
The multi-service access capability and large cross-connect capacity of the OptiX
OSN 9500 make it suitable for different network applications. This release can
support the access of STM-1 (O), STM-1 (E), STM-4, STM-16, STM-64, GE,
VC-4-4c, VC-4-8c, VC-4-16c and VC-4-64c services. This release can
cross-connect VC-4 services and the next release will cross-connect VC-3 and
VC-12 services as well.
The OptiX OSN 9500 can be used to build networks either independently or jointly
with Huawei-developed DWDM, SDH and Metro equipments. It can also be
combined with other ITU-T compliant, the third-party equipments in network
configuration.
Figure 1 shows the typical applications of the OptiX OSN 9500 in networking.
2
Figure 1 Networking application of the OptiX OSN 9500
Note:
The next release of the OptiX OSN 9500 will support:
Lower order cross-connect function
3
System Description
Product Features
Huawei Technologies has been taking an active part for years in the events of
various international standardization organizations and technical forums, keeping
close track of the latest development of ITU-T Recommendations and intelligent
optical network related standards. Huawei Technologies now has memberships in
standardization organizations such as OIF, ITU-T, IETF. All the Huawei-developed
products comply with the related recommendations and standards.
1 OptiX Series Optical

Transmission Products
The new-generation Huawei OptiX series products include ION series, SDH series,
Metro series, DWDM series and iManager series, which provide a complete optical
network solution.
The OptiX OSN 9500, one of Huawei ION series products, is the bandwidth
optical switching system which adopts the OCS design concept and enjoys
intelligent feature.
The SDH series optical transmission products adopt the MADM design
concept and support STM-1, STM-4, STM-16 and STM-64 speeds.
The DWDM series products provide dense wavelength division multiplexing
(DWDM) equipments for backbone networks. The DWDM equipments include
OptiX BWS 1600G and OptiX BWS 320G.
The Metro series products provide MSTP optical transmission systems for
metropolitan networks. POS, ATM, IP technologies are widely applied in
4
developing these products.

The iManager series products provide complete, integrated network
management solution for telecom operators. The solution meets the demands
of network management at different layers and applies to a variety of
transmission network levels.
Table 1 lists OptiX series optical transmission products
Table 1 OptiX series optical transmission products
Application Product Abbreviated
Equipment name
category series equipment name
ION series OptiX OSN 9500 OptiX OSN 9500 Intelligent Optical Switching System
OptiX BWS 1600G OptiX BWS 1600G Backbone DWDM Optical

DWDM Transmission System
series
OptiX BWS 320G OptiX BWS 320G Backbone DWDM Optical Transmission
System
OptiX 10G OptiX 10G STM-64 MADM Optical Transmission System
OptiX 2500+(metro3000) OptiX 2500+(metro3000) Multi-service Optical Transmission

System
SDH series
OptiX OptiX 155/622(Metro2050) STM-1/STM-4 Optical
155/622(Metro2050) Transmission System
Network OptiX OptiX 155/622H(Metro1000) STM-1/STM-4 MSTP Optical
Element (NE) 155/622H(Metro1000) Transmission System
equipment
OptiX Metro 6100 OptiX Metro 6100 16/32-Channel DWDM Multi-service
Transmission Platform
OptiX Metro 6040 OptiX Metro 6040 Compact Container DWDM System
OptiX Metro 3100 OptiX Metro 3100 STM-16 Multi-service Transmission

Platform
Metro series
OptiX Metro 1100 OptiX Metro 1100 Compact STM-16 Multi-service
Transmission System
OptiX Metro 1050 OptiX Metro 1050 Compact STM-1/STM-4 Multi-Service

Optical Transmission System
OptiX Metro 500 OptiX Metro 500 Ultra Compact STM-1 Multi-service
Transmission System
5
Application Product Abbreviated

Equipment name
category series equipment name
OptiX iManager HUAWEI Integration Network Management System for
T2000 Transmission Network (Sub-Network Level)
Network
iManager OptiX iManager OptiX iManager T2100 Integrated Network System for
Management
series T2100 Transmission Network
(NM) system
OptiX iManager ONS OptiX iManager Optical Network Service Integrated
Management System
6
2 Functions and Enhancements
2.1 Application of the OptiX OSN 9500
The OptiX OSN 9500 provides a set of stand-alone intelligent software system which
is quite convenient and flexible in use in dynamic bandwidth allocation, intelligent
route finding and configuration of services. The bandwidth availability using the
OptiX OSN 9500 is much improved.
The OptiX OSN 9500 allows the following functions:
Auto-configure end-to-end service.
Support Service Level Agreement (SLA).
Provide traffic engineering control to automatically load balance traffic
networkwide and improve the bandwidth availability.
Provide distributed mesh network protections in fast re-route and
pre-configure schemes; support span protection and end-to-end service
protection, improving the scalability of the network.
Support optical virtual private network (OVPN) service.
2.2 Large Capacity and Multi-granularity

Optical Switching Capability
The OptiX OSN 9500 provides the switching matrix with the capacity up to
2560×2560 or 4608×4608 VC-4s, capable of higher order non-blocking
cross-connect at VC-4 level. It can also provide the switching matrix with the 20G or
40G cross-connect capacity, realizing lower order VC-12 level switching at a finer
granularity and the service grooming function.
2.3 Flexible Optical Switching Applications
Compared to the traditional SDH equipments, the OptiX OSN 9500 has a
cross-connect capacity up to six times that of the OptiX 10G. It accesses up to 72
STM-64 or 288 STM-16 services at most and incorporates the MADM and DXC
functions in a single subrack. Services of different levels can be freely switched
among arbitrary optical ports.
7
2.4 Abundant Service Types
The OptiX OSN 9500 supports the service rate which maybe STM-64, STM-16,
STM-4, STM-1 and Gigabit Ethernet. It also supports the VC-4-64c, VC-4-16c,
VC-4-8c or VC-4-4c concatenated services.
2.5 Higher Integration Design
The OptiX OSN 9500 features a higher integration design. A single subrack of it
supports the VC-4 level optical switching up to 720G and provides 40 service slots.
The service slots are fully used by the service boards without the need to plug in the
optical amplifier board (the optical amplifier board can be plugged in other
non-service slot).
The OptiX OSN 9500 provides 1/2-port STM-64 line board, 2/4/8-port STM-16 line
board, 16-port STM-4/STM-1 line board (STM-4 or STM-1 is optional), 16-port
STM-1 electrical interface board, 6-port GE interface board. These circuit boards
integrate the receiving module and transmitting module in one board. The higher
integration design of the circuit boards greatly enhances the service access
capability of the OptiX OSN 9500.
2.6 Easy Upgrade and Expansion
The universal service slots of the OptiX OSN 9500 enable easy upgrades from
low-rate system to high-rate system. The hot-swappable STM-16/STM-4/STM-1/GE
optical interface modules offer incremental bandwidth increases as needed.
Also, upgrading the cross-connect board makes the OptiX OSN 9500 scale from
400G cross-connect capacity to 720G cross-connect capacity.
2.7 Flexible Networking
The OptiX OSN 9500 supports the following topological structures: mesh, chain, star,
two-fiber/four-fiber ring, ring-with-chain, tangent rings, intersecting rings, Dual Node
Interconnection (DNI).
2.8 Diverse Protection Mechanisms
The OptiX OSN 9500 provides a variety of equipment and network-level protection
mechanisms.
1. Network-level protection mechanisms
1+1 or 1:N linear multiplex section protection
8
STM-64/STM-16 two-fiber or four-fiber multiplex section protection ring

Sub-network connection protection (SNCP).
Mesh network protection
2. Equipment-level protection mechanisms
Hot-standby 1+1 redundancy for the cross-connect board

Hot-standby 1+1 redundancy for the timing board
Hot-standby 1+1 redundancy for the system control & communication board
Hot-standby 1+1 redundancy for the power interface board
Centralized backup for the powers of line boards, JCOM board or optical
amplifier board.
2.9 Powerful ECC Processing
The OptiX OSN 9500 is equipped with powerful processor. Its state-of-the-art
system bus structure enables a processing capability of 160-channel ECCs, meeting
the requirements for complex networking.
2.10 Excellent Network Management

Functionality
The Windows NT-based or Unix-based NM system, i.e. the OptiX iManager, is used
for centralized Operation, Administration & Management (OAM) of the complex
networks that are composed of the OptiX OSN 9500 and other OptiX series
products. The OptiX iManager also accomplishes configuration and dispatching of
circuits, ensuring the safe operation of the network.
2.11 Power Supply and Environment

Monitoring
The OptiX OSN 9500 guarantees a higher reliability of the performance by providing:
Stand-alone power supply system for two –48V/-60V power feeds
Monitoring function for power voltage and environment temperature
Control for circuit board power-on and off
Centralized backup for the powers of the line boards, JCOM board and optical
amplifier board.
9
2.12 Perfect SSM Management
The OptiX OSN 9500 provides perfect Synchronous Status Message (SSM) function
for management and protection switching of synchronous clock, thus enhancing the
reliability of network.
2.13 Tandem Connection Monitoring (TCM)
The OptiX OSN 9500 supports TCM function. TCM function is mainly used in
inter-office application, especially at the boundaries of different network operators.
The network operator byte N1 is allocated for TCM. With the TCM function, the
number of errors that at the originating end and terminating end of the Tandem
Connection are known. This helps to resolve the dispute between network
operators.
10
System Description
Networking Application
1 Basic Network Topologies

Supported by the OptiX OSN 9500
The OptiX OSN 9500 incorporates the MADM and DXC function in one subrack and
is flexible in networking. It deploys a variety of network configurations, including
point-to-point, chain, ring, hub and mesh networks, as shown in Figure 2.
11
(a) Chain (b) Two-fiber ring (c) Four-fiber ring
(e) Tangent ring (f) Insecting ring

(d) Ring-with-chain ·
(g) MESH network
Figure 2 Network configurations of the OptiX OSN 9500
The chain network and ring network are two basic topology structures of the SDH
network. A variety of complex network topologies can derive from them in actual
applications. Here is an introduction to a few common topologies that the OptiX OSN
9500 supports.
1.1 Chain Network
Figure 3 shows a common chain network. A hub network can be formed by

combining several chains at one point and the inter-chain service can be groomed
on a need basis. Maximally the OptiX OSN 9500 can provide one of the chain
combinations as below:
72 STM-64 chains
288 STM-16 chains
640 STM-4 chains
640 STM-1 optical chains
640 STM-1 electrical chains
Combinations of a number of STM-64, STM-16, STM-4, and STM-1 chains.
12
OptiX OSN 9500
OptiX SDH TM
Figure 3 Chain network
1.2 Ring Network
The OptiX OSN 9500 can deploy STM-64/STM-16/STM-4/STM-1 ring networks and
offer the following self-healing protection options as stipulated in the ITU-T
recommendations, including:
Two-fiber unidirectional multiplex section protection ring for STM-1 service
Two-fiber unidirectional multiplex section protection ring, two-fiber
bi-directional multiplex section shared protection ring and four-fiber multiplex
section protection ring for STM-64/STM-16/STM-4 services.
Figure 4 Ring network
1.3 Mesh Network
Mesh network is a kind of network topology with the communication nodes

connected directly. This flexible and extensible topology is the main network
configuration deployed by the OptiX OSN 9500.
13
Figure 5 Mesh network
1.4 Complex Network
Apart from the above basic networks, the OptiX OSN 9500 also supports:
Intersecting rings
Tangent rings
Ring-with-chain
Dual node interconnection (DNI) and single node interconnection (SNI)
Subtending rings
14
STM-1/
STM-4/
STM-16/
STM-64
Figure 6 Subtending rings
The OptiX OSN 9500 also supports trail protection and Sub-Network Connection
Protection (SNCP). Moreover, it supports the equipment level service protection,
which guarantees the survivability and the reliability of the whole transmission
network.
15
2 Application in Networking
2.1 Application of Intelligent Feature
The OptiX OSN 9500 enjoys some intelligent features. For example, it
auto-configures the end-to-end service, supports Service Level Agreement (SLA)
and provides traffic engineering control technique.
1. SLA
Supporting SLA allows the OptiX OSN 9500 to provide differential service protection
mechanisms as per the service levels. The telecom operators can segment the
market, compete for more customer resources, and cost-effectively improve the
service quality while meeting the growing demands of the customer.
Table 2 Differential protection for different service levels
Service priority Protection mechanism Switching time Service quality
High priority 1+1 protection (e.g. sub-network Switching time: 0~40ms Better
connection protection
Middle priority M:N protection (e.g. two-fiber and Switching time: 0~50ms
four-fiber multiplex section
protection ring)
Rerouting Fast re-route protection (e.g. Switching time:100ms~1

real-time recomputation of the minute
route)
Non–protection Not protected None
Extra Not protected and preemptible None Worse
2. Dynamic bandwidth allocation in application
The auto-configuration of the end-to-end service enables the OptiX OSN 9500 to
realize dynamic bandwidth allocation which greatly increase the working efficiency of
the customer.
Figure 7 shows the typical application of intelligent features of the OptiX OSN 9500.
16
Figure 7 Intelligence features in application
As shown in Figure 7, dynamic bandwidth allocation cover the following steps:

(1) The end user submits a demand for the network bandwidth.
(2) The enterprise submits the demand for the network bandwidth.
(3) The demand for network bandwidth is confirmed.
(4) The bandwidth applied for is open for the user.
(5) The billing center performs the billing operation.
3. Traffic engineering technique in application
The traffic engineering control technique of the OptiX OSN 9500 allows to load
balance traffic networkwide for convenient network planning and improved
bandwidth availability.
17
(1) Traffic flows without traffic engineering technique
(2) Intelligent traffic flows with traffic engineering technique
Figure 8 Traffic engineering technique in application
As shown in Figure 8, the traffic engineering control can:

Avoid the congested trail and node.
Avoid the high-risk trail and node.
Automatically Load balance traffic networkwide
Share the service load
4. Optical virtual private network (OVPN) in application
OVPN is the virtual subnetwork defined by the VPN user on the public network. Here
the subnetwork refers to both the subnetwork topology and the subnetwork
resources, e.g. wavelength and timeslot. The OVPN made up by the OptiX OSN
9500 will not create overlay over the subnetwork resources, thus guaranteeing the
dedication and privacy of the network for VPN users.
18
VPN1
VPN2
VPN1
VPN2
VPN2
VPN1
Figure 9 OVPN in application
Figure 9 shows two OVPNs (VPN1-defined and VPN2-defined). The OVPN users
realize customized management and monitoring of the subnetworks. They can
create and maintain new service connections and apply for addition or deletion of
user. The network operators can create new VPN user, monitor the VPN status,
add/delete user, change the bandwidth allocation and realize real-time billing.
2.2 Application of the Switching Functionality
The large capacity VC-4/VC-12 service grooming functionality of the OptiX OSN
9500 cost-effectively simplifies the networking.
19
STM-64 four-fiber
MSP ring
STM-1 two-fiber
unidirectional MSP ring
STM-16 two-fiber
bidirectional MSP ring GE service
VC-3/VC-12
grooming
GSR
Switch
Figure 10 Multi-service switching functionality in application
Generally the network service is firstly groomed at VC-12 level and then converged,
and then sent for higher order VC-4 level grooming. As shown in Figure 10, the
OptiX OSN 9500 enables the telecom operators to conduct the VC-12 and VC-4
level grooming in an equipment, thus lowering the cost of networking.
Note:
Lower order VC-12 cross-connect function will be available in the next release of the
OptiX OSN 9500.
2.3 Combined Application with the OptiX 10G

and the OptiX 2.5G
The abundant service interfaces of the OptiX OSN 9500 meet the demand for
grooming service for metropolitan backbone network. The OptiX OSN 9500 can
access STM-64, STM-16, STM-4, STM-1, GE services, etc. It can be combined with
the DWDM equipment, the OptiX 10G, the OptiX 2.5G in MADM network
configuration.
20
Metro 1100
network
configuration
STM-64 MADM
network
configuration
STM-16 MADM
network
Metro 3100
configuration
network
configuration
Figure 11 Combined application with the OptiX 10G and the OptiX 2.5
21
System Description
System Structure
1 Functional Modules
The OptiX OSN 9500 is designed in compliance with relevant international

standards and ITU-T recommendations. The system structure is as illustrated in
Figure 12.
22
Dispersion
compensation Interface unit Interface unit
unit (optional)
400G or
720G higher
order cross-
connect unit
Optical
amplifier unit Interface unit Interface unit
(optional)
Synchronous System
Auxiliary System control &
timing generation communication
interface unit communication
and interface unit unit
unit
Electromechnic
SD
Key power
Power al information
backup unit
Professi onal W
orkstation
interface unit processing unit
NM
Figure 12 Functional structure of the OptiX OSN 9500 system
2. SDH Interface unit
The SDH interface unit of the OptiX OSN 9500 can be further divided into STM-64
optical interface unit, STM-16 optical interface unit, STM-4 optical interface unit and
STM-1 optical interface unit.
The STM-64 optical interface unit is mainly realized by the JL64/JD64 board which
receives and transmits 1 or 2-channel STM-64 optical signals the maximum
transmission distance of the JL64 board is 60km, the maximum transmission
distance of the JD64 board is 40km. Combined with the optical amplifier board and
the dispersion compensation board, the JL64/JD64 board enables a repeaterless
transmission distance up to 120km.
The STM-16 optical interface unit is realized by the JD16/JQ16/JO16 board which
respectively access 2, 4, 8-channel STM-16 optical signals.
23
The STM-4/STM-1 optical interface unit is realized by the JH41 board which
accesses 16-channel STM-4 or STM-1 optical signals (STM-4 or STM-1 optical
interface is configured as per the actual requirement).
3. Gigabit Ethernet process unit
The OptiX OSN 9500 provides the GE06 board for Gigabit Ethernet signal
processing. The GE06 board supports LAPS, PPP and GFP protocols for the
transparent transmission of Ethernet service and point-to-point service connection.
4. Cross-Connect Unit
The OptiX OSN 9500 provides the GXCH or the EXCH board for cross-connect
function. The GXCH/EXCH board implements the higher order VC-4 level
cross-connect and provides the non-blocking cross-connect capacity up to
2560×2560 or 4608×4608 VC-4s.
5. Synchronous timing generation and interface unit
The OptiX OSN 9500 provides the JSTG and the JSTI board for timing function. The
JSTG board provides system clock for the system. When the system works under
the locked mode, one of the line and external timing sources can be selected as the
timing reference. Selecting timing sources from various priorities and using the S1
byte ensure the reliable operation of the network timing system. The system can
also works under holdover mode or free-run mode.
The JSTI board provides input and output ports for 2-channel external timing signals.
6. System control & communication unit
The OptiX OSN 9500 provides the JSCC board for system control & communication
and the process of intelligent protocol and signaling.
The intelligent protocol and signaling refer to the routing protocol and the
connection-oriented GMPLS signaling that realize the intelligent service grooming.
System control is achieved by the synchronous equipment management function
(SEMF) module. The SEMF module collects the alarm and performance information
of the other boards in the system and performs corresponding management
operations. The communication function is achieved by the message communication
function (MCF) module which communicates between the JSCC board and the
other boards, and the NM terminal. The MCF module also exchanges OAM
information with other NEs via DCC channels, thus facilitating the unified
management of the NM system over this NE equipment and other NEs
networkwide.
7. System communication unit
The OptiX OSN 9500 provides the JCOM board for the communication of control
information between the boards.
24
8. Engineering Orderwire unit
The OptiX OSN 9500 provides the JEOW board for orderwire communication
function. The JEOW board provides the maintenance interfaces, e.g. RS-232
interface, orderwire phone interface for the system and implements the orderwire
communication using standard phone sets or via serial ports.
9. Power interface unit
The OptiX OSN 9500 provides the JPIU board for the access and backup of DC
power, EMI protection for DC power input port, stable voltage to the fan box.
10. Key power backup unit
The OptiX OSN 9500 provides the JPBU board for the power backup of the
maintenance bus module and the boards without equipment-level protection. All the
interface boards and the JCOM board are fed with stand-alone power and provided
with such centralized power backup.
11. Electromechanical information processing unit
The OptiX OSN 9500 provides the EMPU board for the process and supervision of
electromechanical information.
The functions of the EMPU board include:
Voltage monitoring for the 2-channel power inputs
Board temperature and voltage monitoring
Report of board information (collected by the maintenance bus) to the JSCC
board
Intelligent fan-speed control, fan-speed check, cabinet indicators control,
audible/visual alarm function
16-channel alarm inputs and 2-channel alarm output and alarm cascade
function.
12. Optical amplifier unit
The OptiX OSN 9500 provides the built-in JBA2 board and JBPA board respectively
for 2-channel booster amplification purpose and pre-amplification purpose.
13. Dispersion compensation unit
The OptiX OSN 9500 provides the JDCU board for dispersion compensation
purpose. In such long-haul line system, e.g., the STM-64 optical port operates over
transmission distance up to 40km with optical fiber, the optical fiber then should be
25
dispersion-compensated.
Table 3 lists the system units of the OptiX OSN 9500, including the boards in each
unit and their functions.
Table 3 System units and the boards included and their functionality
System unit Board included Functionality
SDH optical JD64, Access and process STM-1/STM-4/STM-16/STM-64
signal process JL64, optical signals and the concatenated VC-4-64c,
board JO16, VC-4-16c, VC-4-8c or VC-4-4c services.
SDH Interface unit
JQ16,
JD16,
JH41
Gigabit Ethernet GE06 Realize the transmitting and receiving of 6-channel

interface unit Gigabit Ethernet signal, encapsulation and
de-capsulation of service data.
Cross-Connect unit Higher order GXCH, Realize non-blocking higher order cross-connection of
cross-connect EXCH SDH signals at VC-4 level (up to 2560×2560 or
board 4608×4608 VC-4s).
Synchronous JSTG Provide system clock

timing generation
board
Timing unit
Synchronous JSTI Provide the input and output ports for 2-channel external
timing interface timing signals.
board
System control & JSCC Provide interface for connecting with NM system and
communication unit process the SDH overhead bytes. Realize the system
control & communication function and provide auxiliary
data interface.
Communication unit JCOM Provide communication channels between the circuit

boards.
Orderwire unit JEOW Provide the maintenance interfaces, e.g. RS-232

interface, orderwire phone interface for the system and
implement the orderwire communication using standard
phone sets or via serial ports.
Power interface unit JPIU Access the system power.
Key power backup JPBU Provide power backup for the circuit boards without
unit equipment-level protection. The protected circuit boards
include the interface boards and the JCOM board.
Electromechanical EMPU Monitor the temperature and voltage of the circuit

information boards in the system.
processing unit
26
System unit Board included Functionality

JBPA Increase the transmitting optical power and pre-amplify
the received optical power.
Optical amplifier unit
JBA2 Increase the transmitting power and span the
transmission distance.
Dispersion JDCU Realize dispersion compensation in long haul

compensation unit application.
27
2 Hardware Structure
The OptiX OSN 9500 features a plug-in design in hardware structure. Circuit board
is the basic functional unit. With boards of different functions installed in the subrack,
equipment that differs in type and functionality is configured. The subrack is installed
in the cabinet. Both the 2.2m-high and 2.6m-high cabinets can house two OptiX
OSN 9500 subracks or be configured with one OptiX OSN 9500 subrack and
several ODFs (up to six at most).
2.1 Cabinet
There are two types of cabinets, which differ in height only. The dimensions are as
follows:
2200mm (H) % 600mm (W) % 600mm (D): 101kg;
2600mm (H) % 600mm (W) % 600mm (D): 112.3kg.
There is a power distribution box residing on the cabinet top for power access and
distribution. The power distribution box has thirteen pairs of M6 studs (the upper stud
and the lower stud as a pair and 26 studs in total). Five pairs of studs are for
attaching 2-channel 48V/-60V inputs and the protective ground connections, using
five 25mm2 power cables. The remaining eight pairs are for 4-channel –48V/-60V
power outputs to the subrack in the cabinet. The thirteen pairs of studs are
separated with insulating materials and this connecting area is protected with a
cover panel.
2.2 Subrack
The dimensions of the OptiX OSN 9500 subrack are: 900mm (height) % 530mm
(width) % 545mm (depth). The OptiX OSN 9500 subrack is divided into upper
enclosure and lower enclosure. The boards can be plugged into the front slots and
the back slots. All the external interfaces of the subrack reside on the front panels of
these circuit boards.
As shown in Figure 13, both the boards in front slots and back slots are 322.25mm x
218.5mm in size. The width of the front panel of the GXCH/EXCH board is 60.96mm
and that of the PIU board is 50.8mm, and that of the remaining boards is 30.48mm.
About 52.2mm spacing in the middle and lower parts of the subrack is left free for
wiring purpose.
28
1. Front mounting ear 2. Front plug-in frame

3. Handle 4. Upper and lower slot areas
5. Back mounting ear(it is installed after installing the 6. Fan tray assembly
subrack into the cabinet)

7. Back plug-in frame 8. Wiring trough
Figure 13 The OptiX OSN 9500 subrack
The OptiX OSN 9500 subrack is composed of:

Fan tray assembly: there are two fan trays, one plugged in the front of the subrack
and the other in the back. The fan trays exactly reside below the cabinet top and are
included in the upper enclosure of the subrack. Warm air exhausts out the
equipment by drawing in cool air via the fans.
Board slot areas (front and back): the front board slot area can be configured with
32 interface boards at most, each interface board accessing the data traffic up to a
capacity of 20G. The back board slot area can be configured with 8 interface boards
at most, each interface board accessing the data traffic up to a capacity of 10G. The
other back slots are for the JSCC, GXCH/EXCH, JCOM, JSTG, JSTI, JEOW, JPBU
and JPIU boards. The circuit boards and their corresponding slots are listed in Table
4.
As no special interface area is designed on the faceplate of the subrack, all external
29
interfaces reside on the front panels of the circuit boards.

Wiring trough: about 52.5mm spacing is left free for wiring purpose in the middle
and the lower part of the subrack. The optical jumpers led out from the optical
interfaces are then routed to the side of the cabinet via the wiring trough.
Fiber spool: There are eight fiber spools installed at the side of the subrack to take
up the slack.
2.3 Circuit Board
Board slot areas of the OptiX OSN 9500 is as shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15.
530mm
Fan tray assembly and nameplate
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U
900mm
Front
Upper wiring trough slot
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 area
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U
Lower wiring trough

Dust-proof net
Figure 14 Front view of the OptiX OSN 9500 subrack
30
530mm
Fan tray assembly and nameplate

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
P E S S I I X X I I S E P
B O C C U U C C U U T P I
U W C C H H I U U
Back
slot
Upper wiring trough area
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
900mm
D S S C I I X X I I S S P
C I I O U U C C U U T T I
U G G M H H G G U
Lower wiring trough

Dust-proof net
Figure 15 Back view of the OptiX OSN 9500 subrack
Note:
The positions of the SIG slots, i.e. the preserved slots for intelligent signaling
process boards, are shown in Figure 15. Optical amplifier board or dispersion
compensation board can be inserted in the SIG slot, without the need to occupy the
service slots.
Table 4 lists the circuit boards used by the OptiX OSN 9500.
31
Table 4 List of the circuit board

Corresponding
Abbreviation Board name
Slot
JSCC System Control & Communication Board SCC
GXCH General High Order Cross-connect Board XCH
EXCH Enhanced High Order Cross-connect Board XCH
JSTG Synchronous Timing Generator Board STG
JSTI Synchronous Timing Interface Board STI
JCOM System Communication Board COM
JEOW Orderwire Board EOW
JPIU Power Interface Board PIU
JPBU Key Power Backup Board PBU
EMPU Electromechanical Information Process EPU

Board
JAFB System Backplane None
JD64 2×STM-64 Optical Interface Board IU (front)
JL64 STM-64 Optical Interface Board IU
JO16 8×STM-16 Optical Interface Board IU (front)
JQ16 4×STM-16 Optical Interface Board IU
JD16 2×STM-16 Optical Interface Board IU
JLHE 16 xSTM-1e optical interface board IU
JH41 16 xSTM-1 optical interface board IU
GE06 6-port Gigabit Ethernet Process Board IU
JDCU Dispersion Compensation Board IU/DCU
JBA2 Booster Amplifier Board IU
JBPA Pre-amplifier Board IU
JFAN Fan Control Board FAN
32
Note:
The JD64/JO16 boards are inserted in the front slots of the subrack. They can be
inserted in F1~F32 IU slots when the equipment is configured with the cross-connect
capacity of 4608×4608 VC-4s and in F7~F10 and F23~F26 IU slots when the
equipment is configured with the cross-connect capacity of 2560×2560 VC-4s.
33
3 Software Structure
The software system of the OptiX OSN 9500 is of modular structure, composed of
three modules: board software, Network Element (NE) software and NM system.
The three modules reside respectively on the functional boards, system control &
communication board and the NM computer, each performing a specific function.
Software structure of the OptiX OSN 9500 is shown in Figure 16. In the figure, all
modules are recognized as NE software except "Network Management System" and
"Board Software". Below is the description of the functions of the three modules and
how the functions are implemented.
NM system 1
Communication module
Real-time
multi-task Equipment Database
operating management module management
system module
Inter-board
communication module
1
Board software
Figure 16 Software structure of the OptiX OSN 9500
The NE software and the board software of the OptiX OSN 9500 is designed on the
new generation OptiX Software Platform (OSP). The OSP provides the module
based software structure as below.
34
Intelligent control layer
User
Network protocol layer
interface
layer
Service control layer
System application layer
Standard protocol stack layer
Unified communication mechanism layer
VOS layer
Figure 17 Module based software structures of OSP
Virtual operating system (VOS) layer: VOS layer shields the effect of the operating
system and the CPU on the application system, thus realizing the portable
application program among the CPUs and the operating systems.
Unified communication mechanism layer: This layer allows unified
communication across disparate types of underlying communication mechanisms,
and provides unified interface for application program. In this way the application
program can execute without the need to adapt to different communication
mechanisms and physical media. And a distributed communication system can be
supported with the portability of the application program.
System application layer: this layer provides the functionality below for the
software system: software management functions(for example software upload and
version management etc.); database management, “black box” function, system
monitoring and maintenance, operation log recording, file system support, safe
management, active/standby switchover mechanism of the system control &
communication board, etc.
Service control layer: this layer includes configuration module, alarm module,
performance module, protection switching module etc., providing service
provisioning and monitoring function.
Network protocol layer: this layer deals with layer 3 based network processing.
The functions includes: TCP/IP protocol stack processing, basic route protocol
processing and route strategy management etc, thus realizing automatic and
intelligent network topology.
Intelligent control layer: this layer implements the functionality of control panel in
the intelligent optical network, thus separating the control panel and the data panel.
The basic functions include: GMPLS-based signaling protocol, OIF-compliant
GMPLS architecture, service route algorithm, GMPLS-based service protection and
recovery etc.
35
User interface layer: this layer is in charge of access management for NM system
and command lines. The OptiX OSN 9500 provides Qx interface for communication
between the host and the NM system, and uses the Navigator of Huawei
Technologies as the command line terminal Besides, this layer supports remote ftp
access and remote file upload & download.
The intelligence associated software is represented in a control panel which is
layered on top of the data panel. The control panel interacts with the data panel to
realize auto-configuration of service and provide service protection based on user
levels. The relation between the control panel and the data panel is shown in Figure
18:
Service route Signaling Protection and

algorithm recovery
Control panel
Resource agent
(master) Interface
adaptation
Resource agent (slave)

Data panel
Configuration Performance Alarm Safety

module module module module
Figure 18 Relation between the control panel and the data panel
The data panel undertakes the service configuration management of the OptiX OSN
9500 and provides SDH-based protection for services. The control panel can be
regarded as one client of the data panel. Via the interface adaptation mechanism,
the resource agents of the control panel and the data panel interact with each other
to get the resource allocation status and implement function provisioning.
3.1 Board Software
The board software runs on each circuit board, managing, monitoring and controlling
the operation of the circuit boards. It receives the command issued from the NE
software and reports the board status to the NE software in terms of performance
and alarm events. It can directly control the functional circuits in the corresponding
board and implement ITU-T compliant specific functions of the NE. The specific
functions include: alarm management, performance management, configuration
management and communication management.
36
3.2 NE Software
Real-time multi-task operating system

The real-time multi-task operating system of the OptiX OSN 9500 NE software is
responsible for managing public resources and supporting application programs. It
isolates the application programs from the processor and provides an application
program execution environment which is hardware independent.
Inter-board communication
Two types of inter-board communication modes are used by the OptiX OSN 9500:
bus mode and LAN SWITCH mode. According to the corresponding communication
protocol, communication between the NE software and the board software is
implemented for information exchange and equipment maintenance. On one hand,
inter-board communication module sends the maintenance and operation
commands issued from the NE software to the boards, and On the other hand, it
reports the board status, alarm and performance events to the NE software.
Equipment management module
Equipment management module is the kernel of the NE software for implementing
network element management. It includes Manager and Agent. Manager can send
network management operation commands and receive events. Agent can respond
to the network management operation commands sent by the manager, implement
operations to the managed object and submit events according to state change of
the managed object.
Communication Module
The communication module exchanges management information between NM
system and NE and among NEs. It further consists of network communication
module, serial communication module and ECC communication module.
Database management module
The database management module is an effective part of the NE software. It
includes two independent parts: data and program. The data are stored in databases,
e.g. network database, alarm database, performance database and equipment
database. The program accesses and manages the data in the database.
3.3 NM System
The NM software runs on the workstation or PC, mainly managing the equipment
and the transmission network. It enables the user to unifiedly operate and maintain
the transmission equipment. The management functionality include: equipment
configuration management, fault and performance management, end-to-end circuit
configuration, network resource analysis and allocation.
The network management system exercises a unified management of the optical
37
transmission network and provides maintenance function for all Intelligent Optical
Node (ION), SDH, Metro, DWDM NEs on the entire network. In compliance with
ITU-T Recommendations, it is a network management system integrating standard
management information model and object-oriented management technology. It
exchanges information with NE software via the communication module to
implement monitoring and management over network equipment.
38
System Description
Reliability Design
With multiple up-to-date protection techniques employed in hardware and software

design, the OptiX OSN 9500 provides various protection mechanisms for the
network, thus guaranteeing a top-quality transmission service.
1 Equipment Protection
1.1 Hot-standby 1+1 Redundancy for Key

Functional Modules
The OptiX OSN 9500 provides hot-standby redundancy protection for key functional
modules. When fault occurs to the working modules, the system will automatically
groom the services that are preset to be protected to the standby module. This
active/standby scheme is 1+1 hot standby. Figure 19 is the schematic diagram of
this scheme.
39
Active Standby
Figure 19 1+1 protection
The OptiX OSN 9500 supports the equipment level service protection for the
functional modules below:
Hot-standby 1+1 redundancy configuration for the general/enhanced high
order cross-connect board GXCH/EXCH.
Hot-standby 1+1 redundancy configuration for the synchronous timing
generation board.
Hot-standby 1+1 redundancy configuration for the system control &
communication board JSCC.
Hot-standby 1+1 redundancy configuration for the power interface board
JPIU.
Mutual backup of -48V/-60V DC power input. The operation of the equipment
will remain normal in the case that a fault occurs to either of the two external
power inputs.
Centralized backup for the powers of line boards, JCOM board or optical
amplifier board
1.2 Protection in Abnormal Conditions
Maintenance alarm for abnormality

An alarm will be generated to notify the network monitoring terminal once any
abnormality is detected in the system by the hardware or software.
The board software will monitor the inter-board communication status of the High
Digital Link control (HDLC) channels between the line board and the system control
& communication board, between the line board and the timing board, between the
line board and the cross-connect board. Once any abnormality is detected, an alarm
will be generated and the board will be set to “not in position”.
Each line board provides self-check to its system clock and the clocks of the
active/standby timing board. Once any abnormality is detected, an alarm will be
generated and the board will be set to “not in position”.
40
Power supply protection

The equipment provides reverse polarity protection for the power supply. The JPIU
board is also protected against undervoltage, overvoltage and thunderstroke. This
guarantees no damage to the system and the power supply when the common
abnormalities occur.
The system can provide active/standby –48V/-60V power voltage for the circuit
boards and provide the protection against low voltage as well, which reduces the risk
of service interruption due to damage to the power module of the board. Through the
maintenance bus, the system can also monitor the board temperature and voltage.
All boards are hot-swappable and powered by high-frequency power modules in an
effective and reliable manner, and provided with overcurrent and overvoltage
protection function. Meanwhile, board hardware is designed in such a way that CPU
will be reset and the software will reinitialize the chip in case of undervoltage.
Protection on CPU power-off and software reset
SRAM database or FLASH database is used to provide backup for the program and
data files of application software, so the software can recover the exact program and
data after CPU power-off or software reset.
Power failure resuming protection and break-point resuming protection
The BIOS on the board is write-protected and can not be modified. The program and
data files of application software, which can be loaded on-line, are configured with
check function to avoid data transmission error. After the software loading is
interrupted, the BIOS waits for resuming execution instead of starting the program or
data files already loaded.
Software upgrading protection
Two copies of NE software are stored in the system control & communication board
so that a new version of the software can be loaded without affecting the current
software running. The old version software will be replaced by the new version once
it is confirmed as correct. This replacement does not affect the configuration
information already set or NE equipment service. The old version of the software will
continue to function if software upgrading fails.
1.3 Software Fault-Tolerance
The software design of the OptiX OSN 9500 features: CMM for regulating
management & development process, the idea of software engineering, extensive
software quality assurance activities, the top-down program design and the
object-oriented design. With these up-to-date software development, management
and design technique, the quality and reliability of software are guaranteed.
The layered modular design enables the software system easy for maintenance and
extension.
The software realizes IC design, simple module interface, high cohesion and low
coupling.
41
The CPU has powerful load-balance and overload processing capability by adopting
advanced method of driving and grooming traffic.
It provides multi-level protection to software program and data, and is capable of
self-check and self-recovery.
The board software provides mirror protection to the important registers, thus
protecting the hardware against the influence of any abnormalities like voltage
fluctuation.
The inter-board communication adopts check and retransmission mechanism to
avoid any error on the link transmission of the hardware.
The internal watchdog circuit is used inside CPU to avoid software deadlock and to
ensure no service is impaired in case of soft reset of the software.
Software is made more reliable with software platform technique, code sharing and
reusing, and extensive multiplexing of available mature software modules.
Loopback alarm is provided to notify the user, without hits on the ongoing DCC
communication.
1.4 Data Security
The security is improved by adopting database module to perform unified

management on the data.
Both the database and database files have their own data check function.
The database files are provided with hierarchical protection according to the
importance of the data, so the error in the lower-level database will not affect the
higher-level database.
The database has one backup in SRAM and two backups in FLASH. The two sets of
databases in FLASH provide protection to each other and backup protection to the
database in SRAM.
42
2 Network Protection
The OptiX OSN 9500 features outstanding self-healing network protection and can
provide multiple protection mechanisms at SDH layer against optical fiber break, line
board damage or node failure. These protection mechanisms include path protection,
multiplex section (MS) protection and subnetwork connection protection (SNCP), etc.
The protection switching time is less than 50ms.
The ITU-T-compliant or other international standards compliant self-healing
protection mechanisms include:
1+1 or 1:N linear MS protection
Self-healing ring protection (two-fiber bidirectional MS shared protection ring,
two-fiber unidirectional MS dedicated protection ring, four-fiber bidirectional
MS shared protection ring)
Interconnection service protection in DNI and SNI mode
Sub-network connection protection (SNCP).
Shared-fiber virtual path protection
Mesh network protection
Below is the introduction to the protection mechanisms.
2.1 Linear MS Protection
The OptiX OSN 9500 supports both 1:1 and 1:N linear MS protection (1 ñ N ñ 14)
with the switching time less than 50ms, satisfying the requirement of the ITU-T
recommendations.
2.2 Ring Network Protection
Ring network is also called self-healing ring. The OptiX OSN 9500 can be used to
form MS protection ring.
1. Two-fiber bidirectional MS shared protection rings
The biggest advantage of two-fiber bidirectional MS protection ring is the higher

utilization ration of the ring capacity.
Figure 20 shows the working channel and protection channel in the two-fiber MS
shared protection rings.
43
CA AC
S1/P2
A S2/P1 B
D C
a) Normal
CA AC
CA AC
S1/P2
Bridging
A S2/P1 Switching B
Fiber cut
D C Switching
Bridging
Working channel b) Protection switching
CA AC
Protection channel
Figure 20 Two-fiber bi-directional MS shared protection rings
The switching time in a two-fiber protection ring composed of the OptiX OSN 9500 is
less than 50ms, complying with ITU-T Recommendations.
44
The timeslots of two-fiber bidirectional MS shared protection rings can be re-used,

which increases the transmission capacity of the ring up to k/2 × STM-N (k is the
total number of nodes on the ring network). Normally the protection channels P1 and
P2 are idle and they can be used to transmit extra traffic.
The two-fiber bidirectional MS protection rings are especially suitable for the network
configuration with decentralized traffic flows. That is to say, in the ring network the
traffic flows between the nodes, especially the adjacent nodes are dense and evenly
distributed.
2. Two-fiber unidirectional MS dedicated protection rings
The two-fiber unidirectional MS dedicated protection rings comprise a working ring

with traffic transmitted clockwise around the S optical fiber and, a protection ring with
traffic transmitted counter-clockwise around the P optical fiber, as shown in Figure
21.
45
CA AC S fiber
A P fiber B
D C
a) Normal CA AC
CA AC S fiber
Bridging
A P fiber B
Fiber cut
Switching
D C
b) Protection switching CA AC
Working fiber
Protection fiber
Figure 21 Two-fiber unidirectional MS dedicated protection rings
As no service traffic is fed to the protection fiber P of the two-fiber unidirectional MS

protection rings, extra traffic can be transmitted over the idle protection fiber. This
increases the transmission capacity of the ring network up to 2×STM-N if no fault
46
occurs to the network.
3. Four-fiber bidirectional MS shared protection rings
This ring network is composed of four optical fibers, two of which are working fibers
and marked as S1 and S2. Traffic is independently transmitted clockwise around the
S1 optical fiber and counter-clockwise around the S2 optical fiber in the ring network.
The other two fibers are protection optical fibers and marked as P1 and P2. Traffic is
transmitted counter-clockwise around the P1 optical fibers and clockwise around the
P2 optical fibers in the ring network, providing protection for the traffic transmitted in
the working optical fibers.
47
CA AC
S1 P1
A P2 S2 B
D C
a) Normal
CA AC
CA AC
S1 P1
Bridging
A P2 Switching B
S2
Fiber cut
D C
Switching
Bridging
Working fiber b) Protection switching
CA AC
Protection fiber
Figure 22 Four-fiber MS shared protection rings
Four-fiber bidirectional MS shared protection rings have three advantages as below:

The timeslots can be re-used to increase the transmission capacity up to
48
k×STM-N (k is the total number of nodes in the ring network).

Extra traffic can be transmitted over the protection fibers P1 and P2.
Span protection is available.
2.3 Protection of Inter-ring Interconnection

Traffic
The inter-ring interconnection traffic can be protected in Single Node Interconnection

(SNI) mode and Dual Node Interconnection (DNI) mode. For DNI protection, the
functionality of the OptiX OSN 9500 is fully in compliance with the ITU-T
Recommendation G.842. Figure 23 shows the DNI protection for the traffic between
the Node A (Ring 1) and Node J (Ring 2). Both Ring 1 and Ring 2 are MS shared
protection rings.
49
B
E
Ring 1 MS shared protection ring
P C S D
SS
Tp Ts
SS
J G H
P F S
Ring 2 MS shared protection ring
I
P Point
S Slave node
SS Service selector
Protectionchannel
Working channel
Figure 23 Interconnection service protection between MS shared protection rings
The DNI has an advantage in its protection functionality for the traffic crossing from
one ring to the other, especially for the node failure.
50
2.4 Sub-Network Connection Protection

(SNCP)
The OptiX OSN 9500 features powerful higher order cross-connect and overhead
processing capability. This helps to realize higher order SNCP. The OptiX OSN 9500
allows the switching of multiple SNCPs, and the system can ensure that the
switching time of such multiple SNCPs is less than 50ms, fully satisfying the
requirement of ITU-T Recommendations G.841 and G.842.
Subnetwork 1
SNC terminating
SNC end
originating Workingchannel
end
NE A Protection NE B
channel
Subnetwork 2 Service
selection
Figure 24 Subnetwork connection protection
2.5 Shared-fiber Virtual Path Protection
Shared-fiber virtual path protection is to logically divide one optical channel such as
STM-64/STM-16/STM-4 optical channel into higher or lower order paths. These
logical paths can be collocated with other links in path level to form logic rings.
These rings support various protection mechanisms, such as multiplex section
protection, SNCP.
In Figure 25 and Figure 26, the OptiX OSN 9500 products build up an STM-64 MS
protection ring. Part of the OptiX OSN 9500 products in the ring plus another ADM
equipment also form a virtual STM-16 fiber-share path protection ring.
51
STM-16 STM-64
SNCP MSP Ring
Figure 25 Shared fiber virtual trail protection
STM-64
STM-16
MSP Ring
SNCP
Figure 26 Shared fiber virtual trail protection
2.6 Mesh Network Protection
Mesh network achieves a higher reliability because there are multiple routes
available between two modes. This effectively protects the traffic against node
congestion and node failure. Compared with the ring network, the mesh network
takes advantages in bandwidth availability, network scalability and survivability. This
network topology is suitable for the area with large capacity traffic averagely
distributed.
Non-intersecting recovery: The recovery route for the end-to-end traffic can be
preset and, this recovery route is not intersected with the traffic route, as shown in
Figure 27 (1) and (2).
Link failure dependent recovery: the recovery route is dependent on the location of
link failure, as shown in Figure 27 (3), (4), (5).
Local processing recovery: Local processing for the link failure is available, but the
node failure can not be recovered, as shown in Figure 27 (6), (7), (8).Figure 27
shows the non-intersecting recovery.
52
(1) (2)
Traffic
route
Recovery
route
Figure 27 Mesh network protection: non-intersecting recovery
Figure 28 shows the link failure dependent recovery.

The three maps in Figure 28 display three recovery routes corresponding to three
locations of link failures.
53
(3) (4)
Traffic route
Recovery route
Link failure
(5)
Figure 28 Mesh network protection: failure route dependent recovery
Figure 29 shows the local processing recovery.

There are three maps in Figure 29. Map (6) illustrates the traffic routes in normal
condition. Maps (7) and (8) display two types of link recoveries.
54
Traffic route
1
Traffic route
Traffic route
Recovery route
2
Link failure
(6)
Recovery routes
for traffic route 1
(7)
(8)
Recovery routes for
traffic route 2
Figure 29 Mesh network protection: local processing recovery
55
System Description
Operation, Administration &

Maintenance
1 Operation and Maintenance
The OptiX OSN 9500 has made great improvement in its cabinet, board and
function design to satisfy the requirement of users in the operation and maintenance
of the equipment. It provides powerful equipment maintenance capabilities,
including:
Through the maintenance & monitoring bus, the OptiX OSN 9500 realizes the
maintenance and environment monitoring function. It provides real-time
monitoring of the board voltage and temperature, controls board power-on
and power-off, and works in conjunction with the JSCC board to handle faults.
The system provides backup for the service data, which features the network
troubleshooting and maintenance.
The cabinet generates audible and visual alarms to notify the network
administrator to take proper measures in case of any faults.
Six external alarm inputs and two cabinet alarm outputs are provided to ease
operation and management of the equipment.
All boards are provided with indicators showing the running and alarm status
to help network administrator locate and handle faults as soon as possible.
Orderwire phone function is provided to ensure dedicated communication
channels for administrators of various stations.
56
By means of NM system, it is possible to dynamically monitor the equipment

running and alarm status of all stations on the network. NM system will give
sound alarm once any alarm occurs.
In-service upgrade and upload of the board software, NE software and data
are supported.
Remote maintenance function is available. The maintenance personnel can
remotely maintain the OptiX OSN 9500 on public switched telephone network.
57
2 OptiX iManager NM System
The OptiX OSN 9500 is managed by the OptiX iManager in a unified way. The OptiX
iManager is designed in compliance with relevant ITU-T Recommendations. It can
manage, maintain and test the fault, performance, configuration, security and other
aspects of the whole optical transmission system through Qx interface. It also
provides end-to-end management function as required by the user. The NM system
improves the quality of network services, reduces the maintenance cost and ensures
rational use of network resources.
Huawei Technologies is capable of providing the whole series of optical network
transmission systems that run on networks of different layers. To effectively manage
the subnetworks, LANs or nationwide networks, the NM system needs the basic
operation and maintenance functions as well as the capability of monitoring and
managing the transmission network. The Telecommunications Management Network
(TMN) is divided into Network Element Layer (NEL), Element Management Layer
(EML), Service Management Layer (SML) and Business Management Layer (BML).
The network element management system manages the Network Element (NE)
equipment in a subnetwork, and the NM system manages the provisioning, fault
monitoring, performance analysis, resource analysis and circuit grooming of a
large-scale network at the network layer.
To adapt to networks existing at different layers and having various scales, the OptiX
iManager family of Huawei Technologies includes local craft terminal, NE
management system, regional network management system and network
management system. These NM products cater to the applications from element
management layer, subnetwork management layer to network management layer
and include partial functionality of business management layer. The OptiX iManager
family supports the unified management of ION, SDH, DWDM and Metro
equipments. Based on these NM products, Huawei technologies provides telecom
operators with a complete network management solution that caters to the
applications from small scale and single service to large scale and multiple services.
58
System Description
Technical Specifications
This chapter deals with the technical specifications of the OptiX OSN 9500.
1 System Features
1.1 Applications
As the intelligent optical switching system, the OptiX OSN 9500 can configure the
DXC and MADM in a single equipment.
1.2 Intelligent Features
The OptiX OSN 9500 features powerful service grooming capability and dynamic
bandwidth allocation. Its traffic engineering control technique allows it to dynamically
plan and allocate bandwidth, thus achieving load-balance traffic networkwide and
decreasing the congestion rate on the network. The OptiX OSN 9500 has realized
automatic operation in applying for bandwidth, allocating and managing bandwidth.
In addition, it can provide differential service and auto-sensing features and,
GMPLS-based protection and recovery of the traffic.
1.3 Service Switching Capability
The cross-connect and access capabilities provided by the OptiX OSN 9500 are
shown in Table 5.
59
Table 5 Cross-connect and access capabilities of the OptiX OSN 9500

Index Cross-connect or access level
Higher order 2560×2560 or VC-4
cross-connect 4608×4608 VC-4s
Maximum access capacity 400G or 720G STM-64, STM-16, STM-4, STM-1

(optical)
Cross-connect mode In any mode between the interfaces
Note:
The maximum access capability in the table is dependent on the cross-connect
capacity of the cross-connect board.
1.4 Multiplexing and Mapping Structure
The mapping structure adopted by the OptiX OSN 9500 complies with the ITU-T
Recommendation G.707.
60
x1
STM-64 AU-4-64c VC-4-64c C-4-64c 8912896kbit/s
x4
x 64
x1
x 16
x 16 x4
x1
x4
x1 x1
STM-1 AUG AU-4 VC-4 C-4 139264kbit/s
x3
x1
TUG-3 TU-3 VC-3
x3
44736kbit/s
AU-3 VC-3 C-3 34368kbit/s
x7
x1
TUG-2 TU-2 VC-2 C-2 6312kbit/s
Mapping scheme adopted
by ETSI and China x3
TU-12 VC-12 C-12 2048kbit/s
Mapping
x4
Aligning
TU-11 VC-11 C-11 1544kbit/s
Multiplexing
Figure 30 Multiplexing and mapping structure
1.5 Interface Type
The available interface types provided by the OptiX OSN 9500 are shown in Table 6.
Table 6 Interface Type
Interface Type Rate and Characteristics
SDH optical interface 155520kbit/s, 622080kbit/s, 2488320kbit/s, 9953280kbit/s
Ethernet interface GE
Clock interface 2048kbit/s, 2048kHz
Auxiliary Interface Administration interface, orderwire phone interface, data

interface, 10BASE-T, 10BASE-T
1. Optical Interface
The types of optical interfaces provided by the OptiX OSN 9500 are listed in Table 7.
61
All of these optical interfaces comply with ITU-T Recommendation G.691.

Table 7 Optical interface types of the OptiX OSN 9500
STM-1 optical interface L-1.1, L-1.2
STM-4 optical interface L-4.1, L-4.2
STM-16 optical I-16, S-16.1, L-16.1, L-16.2, V-16.2, U-16.2.

interface
STM-64 optical I-64.2r, I-64.2, S-64.2a, S-64.2b, L-64.2b, V-64.2a

interface
Optical fiber connector:
2. Clock Interface
The clock interface types provided by the OptiX OSN 9500 are listed in Table 8.
Table 8 Clock characteristics of the OptiX OSN 9500
External Two 2048kbit/s (G.703 §6) clock signal inputs or two

synchronization source 2048kHz (G.703 § 10) clock signal inputs.
Synchronization output Two 2048kbit/s (G.703 §6) clock signal outputs or two
2048kHz (G.703 § 10) clock signal outputs.
3. Auxiliary Interface
The auxiliary interfaces provided by the OptiX OSN 9500 are listed in Table 9.
Table 9 Auxiliary Interfaces provided by the OptiX OSN 9500
Administration
Ethernet interface, RS-232C interface, F&f interface
interface
Orderwire phone 1 two-line orderwire phone interface and 2 SDH network node
interface interfaces.
Data interface 1 64kb/s codirectional data interface; 4 RS-422/RS-232 serial

interfaces (RS-422/RS-232 interface is optional for
configuration)
62
1.6 Mechnical Structure
The mechanical structural components of the OptiX OSN 9500 are listed in Table 10.
Table 10 Mechanical structural components of the OptiX OSN 9500
Specifications Remarks
Cabinet 2200mm(H) % 600mm(W) % 600mm(D),
2600mm(H) % 600mm(W) % 600mm(D)
the OptiX OSN 900mm(H) % 530mm(W) % 545mm(D).

9500 subrack
1.7 Power Supply and Power Consumption
Voltage: -38.4~-72VDC
Maximum system power consumption: 2500WMaximum power consumptions of
circuit boards are listed in the table below (error percentage<10%).
Table 11 Maximum power consumption of circuit boards
Power Power
Circuit board Circuit board
consumption (W) consumption (W)
JD64 54 GXCH 70
JL64 50 EXCH 80
JO16 50 JCOM 33
JD16 55 SLH41 31.34
JSTG 24 EMPU 10
Note:
Not all the power consumptions of the circuit boards are listed in the table because
some power consumptions can not be confirmed currently.
63
1.8 Environmental Conditions
The environmental conditions demanded by the OptiX OSN 9500 are listed in Table
12.
Table 12 Environmental Conditions
Environmental
Conditions
Temperature Humidity
Item
Long-term operation 5°C~40°C 20~80%
Short-term operation 0°C ~45°C 10~90%
Transportation and storage -40°C ~70°C ≤95%
Note:
Short-term operation condition means that the continuous working time should be
less than 72 hours and the accumulated working time for the entire year not more
than 15 days.
64
2 Main Indexes of the OptiX OSN
9500
2.1 Optical Interface Specifications
1. Optical Interface Parameter specifications
Optical interface classification

Different transmitting optical powers and receiver sensitivities may lead to
applications with different transmission distances. The classification of the optical
interfaces supported by the OptiX OSN 9500 is shown in Table 13.
Table 13 Application codes of optical interfaces
Inter-office
Application Intra-office Very Ultra
Long-distanc
Short-distance long-dis long-dist
e
tance ance
Optical source
nominal 1310 1550 1310 1550 1310 1550 1550 1550
wavelength (nm)
Fiber type Multi-m G.652 G.652 G.652 G.652 G.652 G.652 G.652 G.652 G.652 G.652
ode
STM-1 L-1.1 L-1.2
STM-4 L-4.1 L-4.2

STM
Level STM-1 S-16.1 L-16.1 L-16.2 V-16.2 U-16.2
6
STM-6 I-64. I-64. S-1.1 S-64.2 L-64.2b V-64.2a

4 2r 2
Optical interface parameters

Parameter specifications for different optical interface types are respectively shown
in Table 14, Table 15, Table 16, Table 17 and Table 18. All the optical interfaces of
the OptiX OSN 9500 comply with these specifications.
65

Item Unit Values
Digital signal nominal bit rate kbit/s STM-1 155520
Application code L-1.1 L-1.2
Operating wavelength range nm 1280-1335 1480-1580
Source type MLM SLM
Maximum RMS width (σ) nm 3 -
Maximum -20dB spectrum width nm - 1
Transmitter at Minimum side mode suppression ratio dB - 30

reference point
S Mean launched power
Maximum mean launched power dBm 0 0
Minimum mean launched power dBm -5 -5
Minimum extinction ratio dB 10 10
Attenuation range dB 10-28 10-28
Maximum dispersion ps/nm 246 NA

Optical path
between S and Minimum Optical Return Loss of cable dB NA 20
R plant at S, including any connectors
Maximum Discrete Reflectance dB NA -25

between S and R
Minimum Sensitivity dBm -34 -34
Receiver at Minimum Overload dBm -10 -10

reference point
Maximum Optical Path Penalty dB 1 1
R
Maximum Reflectance of the Receiver dB NA -25
Measured at R
66

Item Unit Values
Application Code L-4.1 L-4.2
Operating Wavelength Range nm 1300-1325/ 1480-1580
1296-1300
Source type MLM SLM
Maximum RMS width nm 2.0/1.7 -
Maximum -20dB width nm - <1
Transmitter at Minimum side mode suppression ratio dB - 30

reference point S
Mean launched power
Minimum mean launched power dBm -3 -3
Minimum extinction ratio dB 10 10
Attenuation range dB 10-24 10-24
Maximum dispersion Ps/nm 92/109 2400

Optical path
Minimum optical return loss of cable dB 20 24
between S and R
plant at S, including any connectors
Maximum discrete reflectance between dB -25 -27

S and R
Minimum sensitivity dBm -28 -28
Minimum overload dBm -8 -8

Receiver at
reference point R Maximum optical path penalty dB 1 1
Maximum reflectance of receiver dB -14 -27

Measured at R
67
Table 16 Parameters specified for STM-16 optical interfaces (1)

Item Unit Values
Application code S-16.1 S-16.2 L-16.1 L-16.2
Operating wavelength range nm 1260-1360 1430-1580 1280-1335 1500-1580
Source type SLM SLM SLM SLM
-Maximum RMS width nm - - - -
Maximum -20dB width nm 1 <1 1 <1
Minimum side mode dB 30 30 30 30

Transmitter suppression ratio
at
reference Mean launched power
point S
Maximum mean dBm 0 0 3 3
launched power
Minimum mean dBm -5 -5 -2 -2

launched power
Minimum extinction ratio dB 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2
Attenuation Range dB 0-12 0-12 10-24 10-24
Maximum dispersion ps/nm NA NA 1200-1600

Optical Minimum optical return dB 24 24 24 24
path loss of cable plant at S,
between S including any connectors
and R
Maximum discrete dB -27 -27 -27 -27
reflectance between S
and R
Minimum sensitivity dBm -18 -18 -27 -28
Minimum overload dBm 0 0 -9 -9

Receiver at
reference Maximum optical path dB 1 1 1 2
point R penalty
Maximum reflectance of dB -27 -27 -27 -27

receiver, measured at R
68
Table 17 Parameters specified for STM-16 optical interfaces (2)

Item Unit Values
Application Code V-16.2 U-16.2
Operating wavelength range nm 1530-1565 1530-1565
Minimum mean launched power dBm 10 12
Spectral characteristics ffs ffs
Transmitter at Maximum -20dB width dBm ffs ffs

reference point S
Laser chirp - x x
Maximum spectral power density mW/MHz ffs ffs
Minimum side mode suppression ratio dB ffs ffs
Minimum extinction ratio dB 8.2 10
Minimum signal-to-noise ratio dB N/A ffs
Attenuation range
Maximum dB 33 44
Minimum dB 22 33
Chromatic dispersion
Optical Path Maximum ps/nm 2400 3200

between MPI-S
and MPI-R Minimum ps/nm N/A N/A
Total mean polarization mode dispersion ps 40 40

(order 1)
Minimum optical return loss of cable dB 24 24

plant at S, including any connectors
Maximum discrete reflectance between dB -27 -27

S and R
Minimum sensitivity dBm -25 -34
Receiver at Minimum overload dBm -9 -18

reference point
Maximum optical path penalty dB 2 2
R
Maximum reflectance of the receiver dB -27 -27
measured at R
69

Item Unit Values
Digital Signal Nominal Bit Rate kbit/s STM-64 9953280
Application code I-64.2r I-64.2 S-64.2a S-64.2b L-64.2b V-64.2a4

3
Operating wavelength range nm 1530- 1530- 1530- 1530- 1530- 1530-

1565 1565 1565 1565 1565 1565
Maximum mean dBm -1 -1 -1 2 13 13

launched power
Minimum mean dBm -5 -5 -5 -1 10 10

launched power
Maximum -20dB nm Ffs2 ffs ffs ffs ffs ffs

width
Laser chirp - ffs ffs ffs ffs ffs ffs

Transmitter
at reference Maximum spectral mW/MHz ffs ffs ffs ffs ffs ffs
point S power density
Minimum side dB 30 30 30 30 ffs ffs

mode suppression
ratio
Minimum extinction dB 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 10

ratio
Minimum N/A1 N/A N/A N/A N/A ffs ffs

signal-to-noise
Maximum dB 7 7 11 11 22 33
attenuation range
Minimum dB 0 0 7 3 16 22
attenuation range
Maximum ps/nm 40 500 800 800 1600 2400

chromatic
Optical path dispersion
between
MPI-S and Minimum chromatic ps/nm N/A N/A N/A N/A ffs ffs
MPI-R dispersion
Maximum passive ps/nm N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A ffs

dispersion
compensation
Minimum passive ps/nm N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A ffs

dispersion
compensation
70
Item Unit Values

Digital Signal Nominal Bit Rate kbit/s STM-64 9953280
Application code I-64.2r I-64.2 S-64.2a S-64.2b L-64.2b V-64.2a4

3
Operating wavelength range nm 1530- 1530- 1530- 1530- 1530- 1530-

1565 1565 1565 1565 1565 1565
Total mean ps 10 10 10 10 10 10
polarization
modulation
dispersion (order 1)
Optical
Minimum optical dB 24 24 24 24 24 24
path
return loss of cable
between
plant at S,
MPI-S and
including any
MPI-R
connectors
Maximum discrete dB -27 -27 -27 -27 -27 -27

reflectance
between S and R
Minimum sensitivity dBm -14 -14 -18 -14 -14 -25
Minimum overload dBm -1 -1 -8 -1 -3 -9
Receiver at Maximum optical dB 2 2 2 2 2 2

reference path penalty
point R
Maximum dB -27 -27 -27 -27 -27 -27
reflectance of
receiver, measured
at R
Note:
1. N/A: not applicable. Such parameters are not required.
2. ffs: for further study. Currently such parameters are not specified by international standards. They are now given
by the equipment supplier but subject to further specification of international standards.
3. L-64.2b optical interface uses self-phase modulation (SPM) for dispersion compensation.
4. V-64.2a optical interface uses the passive dispersion compensator (PDC) for dispersion compensation.
2. Mean launched power
The mean launched power at reference point S is the average power of a

pseudo-random data sequence coupled into the fiber by the transmitter. The
parameter requirements for the optical interface types provided by the OptiX OSN
9500 are as shown in Table 19.
71
Table 19 Mean launched power

Optical interface
Optical interface type Parameter requirement (dBm)
level
L-1.1 -5~0
STM-1
L1.2 -5~0
L-4.1 -3 ~ +2
STM-4
L-4.2 -3 ~ +2
S-16.1 -5 ~ 0
L-16.2 -2 ~ +3
STM-16
V-16.2 +10 ~ +13
U-16.2 +12 ~ +15
I-64.2r -5 ~ -1
I-64.2 -5 ~ -1
S-64.2a -5 ~ -1
STM-64
S-64.2b -1 ~ +2
L-64.2b +10 ~ +13
V-64.2a +10 ~ +13
3. Extinction ratio (EX)
Extinction ratio is the ratio of the average optical power level for a logical "1" to the
average optical power level for a logical "0" under the worst reflection and full
modulation condition. The parameter requirements for the optical interface types
provided by the OptiX OSN 9500 are as shown in Table 20.
Table 20 Extinction ratio (EX)
Optical Optical interface
Parameter requirement (dBm)
interface level type
L-1.1 >10
STM-1
L-1.2 >10
L-4.1 >10
STM-4
L-4.2 >10
72
Optical Optical interface

Parameter requirement (dBm)
interface level type
S-16.1 >8.2
L-16.2 >8.2
STM-16
V-16.2 >8.2
U-16.2 >10
I-64.2r >8.2
I-64.2 >8.2
S-64.2a >8.2
STM-64
S-64.2b >8.2
L-64.2b >8.2
V64.2a >10
4. Receiver sensitivity
Receiver sensitivity is defined as the minimum acceptable value of average received

power at point R to achieve a specified BER. The parameter requirements for the
optical interface types provided by the OptiX OSN 9500 are as shown in Table 21.
Table 21 Receiver sensitivity
Optical interface Parameter rquirement
Optical interface type
level (dBm)
L-1.1 < -34
STM-1
L-1.2 < -34
L-4.1 < -28

STM-4
L-4.2 < -28
S-16.1 < -18
S-16.2 < -18
L-16.1 < -27

STM-16
L-16.2 < -28
V-16.2 < -25
U-16.2 < -34
73
Optical interface Parameter rquirement

level (dBm)
I-64.2r < -14
I-64.2 < -14
S-64.2a < -18

STM-64
S-64.2b < -14
L-64.2b < -14
V-64.2a < -25
5. Receiver overload
Receiver overload is the maximum acceptable value of the received average power
at point R for a specified BER. The parameter requirements for the optical interface
types provided by the OptiX OSN 9500 are as shown in Table 22.
Table 22 Receiver overload
Optical interface Parameter requirement
level (dBm)
L-1.1 > -10
STM-1
L-1.2 > -10
L-4.1 > -8
STM-4
L-4.2 > -8
S-16.1 >0
S-16.2 >0
L-16.1 > -9
STM-16
L-16.2 > -9
V-16.2 > -9
U-16.2 > -18
I-64.2r > -1
STM-64 I-64.2 > -1
S-64.2a > -8
74
Optical interface Parameter requirement

level (dBm)
S-64.2b > -1
STM-64 L-64.2b > -3
V-64.2a > -9
6. Permissible frequency deviation at input
Under free-running conditions, the internal oscillator frequency offset of the

regenerator should not greater than 20 ppm. The payload performance of the
downstream SDH equipment is not guaranteed for an input frequency deviation with
a magnitude greater than 20 ppm. The parameter requirements for optical input
interfaces of the OptiX OSN 9500 are as shown in Table 23
Table 23 Permissible frequency deviation at input
Optical interface level Parameter requirement (ppm)
STM-1 ±20
STM-4 ±20
STM-16 ±20
STM-64 ±20
7. AIS rate tolerance at output
In the case of signal loss at the input interface of the SDH equipment, AIS should be
output to the downstream via the output interface. The tolerances between the AIS
rate and the nominal rate at optical output interfaces of the OptiX OSN 9500 are as
shown in Table 24.
Table 24 Optical Output Interface AIS Rate Tolerance
Optical interface level Parameter requirement (ppm)
STM-1 ±20
STM-4 ±20
STM-16 ±20
STM-64 ±20
75
2.2 Timing and Synchronization
1. Output jitter
The output jitter value of the system, in the absence of input jitter. The parameter
requirements are as shown in Table 25.
Table 25 Output Jitter
Clock interface Parameter requirement (UIpp)
1 0.05
2 0.05
2. SEC output frequency accuracy under free-running condition
The output frequency accuracy of the OptiX OSN 9500 equipment clock under
free-running condition are as shown in Table 26.
Table 26 Clock output frequency
Clock Interface Parameter requirement (ppm)
1 ±4.6
2 ±4.6
2.3 Jitter Performance
1. Output Jitter at an STM-N interface
In the absence of input jitter at the synchronization interface, the intrinsic jitter at
optical STM-N output interfaces, as measured over a 60-second interval. The
parameter requirements for STM-N jitter generation of the OptiX OSN 9500 are as
shown in Table 27.
76
Table 27 STM-N jitter generation

Output jitter (UIpp)
Optical B1(f1~f4) B2(f3~f4)
interface level Parameter requirement Parameter requirement (dBm)
(dBm)
L1.1 0.50 0.10
STM-1
L1.2 0.50 0.10
L-4.1 0.50 0.10

STM-4
L-4.2 0.50 0.10
S-16.1 0.50 0.10
L-16.2 0.50 0.10

STM-16
V-16.2 0.50 0.10
U-16.2 0.50 0.10
I-64.2 0.50 0.10
S-64.2a 0.50 0.10
STM-64 S-64.2b 0.50 0.10
L-64.2b 0.50 0.10
V-64.2a 0.50 0.10
2. Input jitter/wander tolerance at an STM-N interface
For STM-N optical interface the input jitter tolerance is the peak-to-peak amplitude of
sinusoidal jitter in case of 1dB power penalty. The jitter and wander tolerances at the
STM-N interfaces of the OptiX OSN 9500 are as shown in Table 28.
Table 28 Jitter tolerance at STM-N interfaces
Jitter tolerance
STM Jitter frequency f1 Jitter frequency f2 jitter frequency f3 Jitter frequency f4
level Parameter Parameter Parameter Parameter
requirement (UI) requirement (UI) requirement (UI) requirement (UI)
STM-1 ≥ 1.5 ≥ 1.5 ≥ 0.15 ≥ 0.15
STM-4 ≥ 1.5 ≥ 1.5 ≥ 0.15 ≥ 0.15
STM-16 ≥ 1.5 ≥ 1.5 ≥ 0.15 ≥ 0.15
77
STM-64 ≥ 1.5 ≥ 1.5 ≥ 0.15 ≥ 0.15
Table 29 Measuring filter

STM level f1(Hz) f2(kHz) f3(kHz) f4(MHz)
STM-1 500 6.5 65 1.3
STM-4 1000 25 250 5
STM-16 5000 100 1000 20
STM-64 10000 400 4000 80
2.4 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
In accordance with ETS300 386 series and ETS 300127 stipulated by the European
Telecom Standard Institute (ETSI), the OptiX OSN 9500 comply with relevant EMC
requirements. The EMC-related test parameters of the OptiX OSN 9500 are shown
in Table 30.
Table 30 EMC-related standards
Items Standards
Conducted Emission EN55022 Class A
Radiated Emission EN55022 Class A
Electrostatic Discharge IEC61000-4-2
Immunity To Radiated Electromagnetic Fields IEC1000-4-3
Electrical Transient/Burst Immunity IEC6100-4-4
Inject Current Immunity IEC61000-4-6
Radiation Sensitivity IEC61000-4-3
Surge IEC61000-4-5
Voltage dips IEC61000-4-29
78
System Description
Acronyms
Acronyms Meaning
ADM Add/Drop Multiplexer
AIS Alarm Indication Signal
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
BER Bit Error Ratio
BIOS Basic input/output System
BML Business Management Layer
CMI Coded Mark Inversion
CMM Capability Maturity Model
CPU Central Processing Unit
DCC Data Communication Channel
DCN Data Communication Network
DNI Dual Node Interconnection
DWDM Dense Wavelength-Division Multiplexing
DXC Digital Cross-connect
ECC Embedded Control Channel
79
Acronyms Meaning
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
EML Element Management Layer
ETSI European Telecommunication Standards Institute
EX extinction ratio
FEC Forward Error Correction
FLASH FLASH memory
FTP File Transfer Protocol
GE Giga bit Ethernet
GMPLS Generalized Multiple Protocol Label Switch
HDLC High Digital Link Control
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
ION Intelligent Optical Network
ITU-T International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication

Standardization Sector
LAPS Link Access Procedure-SDH protocol
LED Light Emitting Diode
MLM Multi-Longitudinal Mode
MPI-S Main Path Interface at the Transmitter
MPI-R Main Path Interface at the Receiver
MSP Multiplex Section Protection
MST Multi-Service Transmission Platform
MTIE Maximum Time Interval Error
NML Network Management Layer
OAM&P Operation Administration, Maintenance & Provisioning
OCS Optical Core Switch
ODF Optical Distribution Frame
OIF Optical Internetworking Forum
OSN Optical switch Node
80
Acronyms Meaning
OSP OptiX software platform
OVPN Optical Virtual Private Network
PDC Passive Dispersion Compensator
PDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
PMD Polarization mode dispersion
POS Packet Over SDH
PPP Point-to-Point Protocol
SEC SDH equipment clock
SLA Service Level Agreement
SNCP Subnet Connection Protection
SLM Signal Label Mismatch
SML Service Management Layer
SNI Single Node Interconnection
SPM Self-Phase Modulation
SSM Synchronization Status Message
SRAM Static Random Access Memory
TCP/IP Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
TDEV Time Deviation
TMN Telecommunication Management Network
VOS Virtual Operating System
VPN Virtual Private Network
TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring
81

OptiX OSN 9500 Intelligent Optical Switching System

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HUAWEI®

OptiX OSN 9500 Intelligent Optical Switching System

Manual Version T1-040000-20021125-C-1.00

Product Version V100R001

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address: Huawei Customer Service Building, Kefa Road,

Science-based Industrial Park, Shenzhen, P. R. China

Postal Code: 518057

All Rights Reserved

No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any

About This Manual

This System Description provides a brief description of the features, applications,

The symbols below are used in the manual:

Symbol for electrical hazard, reader should be careful

Symbol for strong laser beam, reader should be careful.

Symbol for prompt information, reader may make reference.

Symbol for the OptiX OSN 9500.

Symbol for Add/Drop Multiplexer (ADM).

Symbol for Terminal Multiplexer (TM).

Symbol for case-shaped Add/Drop Multiplexer (ADM).

Symbol for router equipment.

Symbol for switch equipment.

1 Service and Market Demands 1

1 OptiX Series Optical Transmission Products 4

1 Basic Network Topologies Supported by the OptiX OSN

1.4 Complex Network 14

2.5 Shared-fiber Virtual Path Protection 50

6 Operation, Administration & Maintenance

1 Operation and Maintenance 55

Figure 1 Networking application of the OptiX OSN 9500 3

Figure 28 Mesh network protection: failure route dependent

Table 1 OptiX series optical transmission products 5

Table 28 Jitter tolerance at STM-N interfaces 76

1 Service and Market Demands

2 Overview of Network Application

Figure 1 Networking application of the OptiX OSN 9500

1 OptiX Series Optical

developing these products.

OptiX BWS 1600G OptiX BWS 1600G Backbone DWDM Optical

OptiX 10G OptiX 10G STM-64 MADM Optical Transmission System

OptiX 2500+(metro3000) OptiX 2500+(metro3000) Multi-service Optical Transmission

OptiX Metro 3100 OptiX Metro 3100 STM-16 Multi-service Transmission

OptiX Metro 1050 OptiX Metro 1050 Compact STM-1/STM-4 Multi-Service

Application Product Abbreviated

2 Functions and Enhancements

2.1 Application of the OptiX OSN 9500

2.2 Large Capacity and Multi-granularity

2.3 Flexible Optical Switching Applications

2.4 Abundant Service Types

2.5 Higher Integration Design

2.6 Easy Upgrade and Expansion

2.7 Flexible Networking

2.8 Diverse Protection Mechanisms

1. Network-level protection mechanisms

 1+1 or 1:N linear multiplex section protection

 STM-64/STM-16 two-fiber or four-fiber multiplex section protection ring

2. Equipment-level protection mechanisms

 Hot-standby 1+1 redundancy for the cross-connect board

2.9 Powerful ECC Processing

2.10 Excellent Network Management

2.11 Power Supply and Environment

2.12 Perfect SSM Management

2.13 Tandem Connection Monitoring (TCM)

1 Basic Network Topologies

1+1 or 1:N linear multiplex section protection

STM-64/STM-16 two-fiber or four-fiber multiplex section protection ring

Hot-standby 1+1 redundancy for the cross-connect board