HALAMAN JUDUL ....................................................................................... i
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN .......................................................................... 1 DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................... 2 BAB I PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................ 3 BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA...................................................................... 5 2.1 DEFINISI MELASMA ........................................................................ 5 2.2 FUNGSI PERTAHANAN ORGAN KULIT ...................................... 5 2.3 EPIDEMIOLGI .................................................................................... 6 2.4 PATOGENESIS ................................................................................... 7 2.5 GAMBARAN KLINIS. ........................................................................ 7 2.6 DIAGNOSIS ......................................................................................... 8 A. Anamnesis ........................................................................................ 8 B. Pemeriksaan Fisik ........................................................................... 9 C. Pemeriksaan Penunjang ................................................................. 9 2.7 DIAGNOSIS BANDING ..................................................................... 10 2.8 PENATALAKSANAAN ...................................................................... 11 a. Pencegahan ....................................................................................... 11 b. Pengobatan ....................................................................................... 12 2.9 PROGNOSIS ........................................................................................ 14 2.10 PENGARUH STRES TERHADAP TIMBULNYA MELASMA 14
A. Definisi Stres ..................................................................................... 14
B. Mekanisme Stres Terhadap Melasma ............................................ 16 C. Sistem Pigmentasi Kulit ................................................................... 19 BAB III PENUTUP .......................................................................................... 23 DAFTAR PUSTAKA. ...................................................................................... 24 LAMPIRAN