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HISTORY OF
KINGDOM OF DUTCH JAPANESE
THE ACEH
SRIWIJAYA CONQUEST WWII
SULTANATE
(500BC - (15th - 19th OCCUPATION
(11th - 20th
700AD) century) (1942 - 1945)
century)
Architecture of Sumatra
Figure 2 Ancient temple built with Hindu- structures and resting on stone-faced basement or plinth. The
Buddhist tradition
roof is always pyramidal and ornamented with the inside of
the building being stone-walled, covered by tiered roof and accessed through a narrow door-
like opening.
were defined. Islamic architecture later replaced ancient, vernacular architectural traditions
interest. Between 17th to 18th centuries, more development occurred for expansion of
commercial interest by the Europeans. In 19th century, with incorporation of overseas territories,
more European architecture was brought in to secure colonial rule. After 1870, large-scale city
development of town and country planning occurred. The architecture during this period
Batak houses
Traditional Batak houses have rectangular floor plan, raised post and beam structure,
elevated floor as living space, and covered with large pitched roof thatched with thick layer of
sugar palm fibre with gables. Spaces are divided into three vertically arranged levels, low,
middle and high. Lowest level consist of space between the post and beam structure that
supports the raised floor. Middle level is the living space for the family. The highest level
contains an attic.
Tongkonan Toraja
shape with the tow ends curving upward supported by a single posts. The tongkonan is always
built in a north-south direction. Nowadays, it is used for family meetings and conducting
ceremonies.
arranged facing each other in a line along a street laid out in an east-west direction so that the
house closed off by panels. This type of house is used to house related extended families. The
house is separated into different sections, the first one is at centre facing the front serving as an
entrance. The second is the main building that is shaped like a long rectangle, consisting a
Sumatra History Facts and Timeline. (2016, June 7). Retrieved February 20, 2018,
from http://www.world-guides.com/asia/indonesia/sumatra/sumatra_history.html