Disaster Management

in Indonesia

BAKORNAS PBP
INDONESIA
220 millions people live in 1.9 million hectares of land, consist of
17.583 islands, which has 120 active volcanoes and 5860 rivers.
Potential Hazards
„ Geologically prone to earthquake, tsunami, volcano
eruption and landslides
„ Hydrometeorology (flood, flash-flood, typhoon and
drought)
„ Biology (epidemics, diseases and pest)
„ Environment degradation (deforestation, forest fire, haze,
water and air pollution)
„ Technological failure (transportation and industrial
accidents)
„ Social Conflict (civil unrest and terrorism)
Disaster Figure (1998-May 2004)
1%
Occurence
2%
Casualties
8%
5%
5% 41%
7000

6000

9% 5000

4000
5%
9% 15%
3000

2000

1000

Social Unrest

Flood

Landslide

Earthquake

Fire
Flood Fire

Epidemic

Forest fire

Tech. failure

Volcano
Landslides Earthquake
Typhoon Forest fire
Epidemic Social Unrest
Volcano Technological failure
Policies
„ Strengthen national capability in disaster management,
especially in prevention, mitigation and preparedness.
„ Manage and mobilize all potential resources
(infrastructure and manpower) in disaster preparedness,
responds and recovery
„ Empower local authorities in anticipating and responding
disaster in their regions.
„ Coordinate all stakeholders and activities in disaster
management.
„ Incorporate disaster risk reduction in the framework of
national development plan.
Strategies
„ Disseminate disaster risk reduction and strengthen
capacity through training and education.
„ Prepare disaster legislation, regulations and standard
operating procedures
„ Set up disaster management information systems
„ Disseminate hazard mapping and risk assessment
„ Set up disaster management plan in all levels
„ Strengthen National/Provincial/District Emergency
Operation Center and Rapid Response Team.
„ Strengthen local capacity in disaster recovery
Organization
National Coordinating Board
BAKORNAS PBP Chaired by Vice President

Provincial Coordination Unit

SATKORLAK PBP
Chaired by Governor

District Implementing Unit

SATLAK PBP
Chaired by Mayor/Head of
District
BAKORNAS PBP
„ Chairman : Vice President
„ Members : Duties:
… Minister of Home Affairs
Formulating and Stipulating
… Minister of Social Affairs
policies in disaster
… Minister of Health
management
… Minister of Public Works
… Minister of Finance Coordinate the implementation
… Minister of Transportation and monitoring activities in
disaster management
… Chief Commander of Army
… Head of National Police Rendering guidance and
„ Secretary : direction on disaster
management
… Secretary of Vice President
Program Priorities
„ Disaster Management Bill
… Now in progress, being prepared by Parliament
„ Re-organization of DM institution structure
… Council or Coordinating Board (policy)
… Agency or Implementing Unit (operational)
„ Disaster Management Plan
… Set up Disaster Preparedness Plan and Contingency Plan
„ Public Awareness
… Information, Education, Training and Drilling
„ Risk Assessment
… Hazard, Vulnerability and Risk mapping at local level
„ Early Warning Systems
… Monitoring, Analysis, Warning and Dissemination
„ Operation Centers
… Set up Operation Centers in National, Provincial and Local level
 Disaster Management Cycle
Regional Development
Scientific Analysis
•Epidemiology
•Environment
•Agriculture
•Meteorology
•Geology
•Hydrology
•Infrastructure
•engineering

Early Warning
•Technology
•Interpretation
Evacuation •Communication
Sheltering •Alert System
Search and rescue
Risks Analysis
Assessment •Land use
•Needs •Codes and standards
•Damages •Institutional
Logistics Preparedness
•Storage
•Transportation
•Resource inventory
•Distribution •Awareness
•Logistic planning
•Communication
alternatives
•Public education
 Requirement for Space Information

„ Satellite Data for Risk Assessment

… Hazard mapping
… Vulnerability and Risk mapping

„ Satellite Data for Early Warning

… Monitoring and prediction weather
… Transmitting data for warning (tsunami)

„ Satellite Data for Estimating Damage

„ Satellite Data for Rehabilitation
Risk map
„ Hazard
… type of hazard
… level of hazard
„ Vulnerability
… population
density
„ Risk
… level of risk
 Disaster Mitigation
Observation
Satellite Data

Seismic Data
Other Public
Geospatial Data : Data
topography
Oceanographic Data :
Future Real-Time Satellite bathymetry
Darts Buyos
Data land cover
Tide Gauges
infrastructure
Weather and Climate

THE CENTER

Risk Modeling
Decision Support
Vulnerable Assessment
System Evacuation Planning

Dissemination

Public education
 National Center Disaster Mitigation

Env Marine PU ESDM Forestry KRT Kominfo

Ministries and Agencies

LAPAN BPPT

The Center

LIPI

BAKO
Center
DAGRI KES SOS
LH KEU

BUP KOMINFO
BAKORNAS PBP

GUB PU
HUB ESDM
POLRI TNI

SATKORLAK
International
NGO
SATLAK
 Tsunami Early Warning System

Earthquake
Various Agencies
1. Seismograph (BMG)
2. Accelerograph (BMG, PU)
Monitoring Device 3. Tide Gauges (Ristek-Bako)
4. GPS (Ristek - LIPI, Bako)
5. Buoys (Ristek - BPPT)

Data Information
BMG
and Integration
Scientific Research Support
(Ristek)
1. Expert System Analysis and Interpretation
BMG
2. Dicision Support System Hazards and Disaster
3. Hazards Mapping

EQ > 7 SR Warning BMG

Yes

No

Issuance of Disaster to the Public

(Including Transmitting/disseminating Kominfo, Pemda
Information to Community

Preparedness Bakornas PBP

Evacuation Bakornas PBP, Pemda

 Rapid Damage Assessment from
Satellite Imageries

THEMATIC DATA LANDSAT DATA LANDSAT DATA

(and experience) Before After

Classification &
Secondary Superimposed
Data from SEMI
Other SUPERVISED
Reference
Result &
Image
Bohorok Flash Flood, 2003
Disaster Location
Tsunami, December 26th, 2004
Ulee Lhuee Harbour, City of Banda Aceh

Before Tsunami After Tsunami

Conclusions
„ Indonesia is disaster prone country, both
natural and human induce disaster.
„ Disaster management in Indonesia needs
support from space technology in terms of
hazard and risk mapping, early warning,
damage assessment and rehabilitation.
„ APRSAF play an important role to assist
Indonesia in the disaster management.