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MASTER ENGLISH CONVERSATION 2.0 - Milestones - Quick Reference Glossary
Welcome to the vocabulary and phrase Quick Reference Glossary for “Milestones”! This feature lists all of the
key vocabulary in alphabetical order (by lesson) for easy review. If you find anything else you don’t know
while learning, please write it down below. :)

Many words and phrases from the Master Class lesson are introduced in earlier lessons, so be sure to review
everything from each video. The words and phrases below may also have additional meanings, so just focus
on what’s written to master the meanings of each as used in the lessons.

Grammar Focus

a bit – a small piece of something

anxious – experiencing worry, unease, or nervousness
aquarium – a transparent tank of water in which fish and other water creatures and plants are kept
audience – a group of people who have come to a place to see or hear a film, performance, speech, etc.
complex – consisting of many different and connected parts
culture – the sum of attitudes, customs, and beliefs that distinguishes one group of people from another
documentary – a movie or a television or radio program that provides a factual record or report
due to – because of something
eager – wanting to do or have something very much
fortunate – lucky
full – complete
it’s X to Y – a way to share a personal opinion (it’s easy to learn; it’s hard to find; etc.)
lecture – an educational talk to an audience, especially to students in a university or college
lines – words making up the dialogue of a play or a show
marathon – a long-distance running race, strictly one of 26 miles and 385 yards (42.195 km)
opinion – a belief, judgment, or way of thinking about something
overjoyed – extremely happy
professional – relating to work that needs special training or education
public speaking – the act, art, or process of making effective speeches before an audience
reluctant – unwilling or hesitant
role – the ​position or p
​ urpose that someone or something has in a ​situation, ​organization, s​ ociety, or ​
relationship
scholarship – a grant or payment made to support a student’s education, awarded on the basis of academic
or other achievement
speech – a talk given to an audience
thankful – expressing gratitude and relief
thrilled – to have a sudden feeling of excitement and pleasure
to address – speak to someone, typically in a formal way
to catch – to grab something that is moving or thrown
to catch up with someone – phrasal verb meaning to meet someone after a period of time and find out
what they have been doing
to come over – phrasal verb meaning to visit casually
to emphasize – to give importance to something

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MASTER ENGLISH CONVERSATION 2.0 - Milestones - Quick Reference Glossary
to express – to show a feeling, opinion, or fact
to frustrate – cause someone to feel upset or annoyed, typically as a result of being unable to change or
achieve something
to get in trouble – to get caught and punished for doing something forbidden
to help out – phrasal verb of to help
to make it – in this context it means to show up (I wanted to go to class, but I couldn’t make it)
to overcome – to succeed in dealing with a problem
to prove – demonstrate the truth or existence of something by evidence or argument
to run into – phrasal verb meaning to meet someone by chance
to take notes – to write things down
to watch what you eat – to be careful about what you eat in an attempt to be healthy and/or lose weight
valuable – of great importance, use, or service
venue – the place where something happens, especially an organized event such as a concert, conference,
or sports event
wildlife – wild animals collectively

Time Traveling

boisterous – a person, event, or behavior that is noisy, energetic, and cheerful; rowdy
ceremony – a formal event held on special occasions such as weddings and graduations
conclusion – the end of an event or process
considerable – large in size, amount, or extent
dispute – disagreement, or argument
ecstatic – the feeling of overwhelming happiness
enthusiastic – feeling or showing strong excitement about something
expansive – large, vast
expense – the cost required for something; the money spent on something
extended family – a family unit that extends past the nuclear family to include other relatives such as aunts,
uncles, and grandparents
festivity – the celebration of something in a joyful and exuberant way
fiancé – a man who is engaged to be married
full bar – a bar that serves liquor, cocktails, wine, and beer
gigantic – huge or enormous
innocent – a person who is not experienced or worldly
intimate – small, cozy, and romantic; private and personal
marital bliss – happiness during a marriage
memorable – worth remembering or easily remembered, especially because of being special or unusual
modest means – not very wealthy
mother-in-law – the mother of one’s husband or wife
obligation – a duty or commitment
open bar – the host has pre-paid for the bar tab and it is free for the guests
open-air – outside
originally – from the beginning; at first
party hard – party enthusiastically; this phrase usually suggests a lot of drinking
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MASTER ENGLISH CONVERSATION 2.0 - Milestones - Quick Reference Glossary
problematic – a thing that constitutes a problem or difficulty
quaint– attractively unusual or old-fashioned
raucous – loud and unpleasant
relative – a person who is connected with another or others by blood or marriage
rocky – difficult or full of obstacles
run-of-the-mill – ordinary or standard
scrape – small argument or injury; usually from a mild fight
sensibility – an understanding of, or ability to decide about, what is good or valuable
spirits – an alcoholic beverage
to align – to change something so that it agrees with or matches something else
to anticipate – regard as probable; expect or predict
to assemble – to bring together or gather into one place
to beam – a big smile
to carouse – drink alcohol and enjoy oneself with others in a noisy, lively way
to commence – begin; start
to compel – to force someone do something or make something happen
to compromise – a way of settling differences by everybody making concessions
to contribute – give something (especially money) in order to help achieve or provide something
to disconcert – disturb the composure of; unsettle
to enchant – to put under a spell by or as if by magic; charming
to envision – to imagine as a future possibility
to expect – believe that something is likely to happen
to fantasize – to think about something very pleasant that is unlikely to happen
to feature – a typical quality or an important part of something
to fulfill – to bring to completion or reality
to make an appearance – to show up at an event
to mitigate – make less severe, serious, or painful
to notify – to give notice to; inform
to recollect – to remember something
to reconcile – cause to coexist in harmony or without conflict
to reminisce – to think about or tell about past experiences or events
to satisfy – meet the expectations, needs, or desires of someone
to stage – present a performance or an event
to start out – phrasal verb meaning to begin
to surmise – to suppose that something is true without having evidence to confirm it
to take pleasure in – derive happiness or enjoyment from something
to tally – to calculate the total number of something
to think back – phrasal verb meaning to recall a past event or time
to tie the knot/the knot was tied – to get married
to turn out – to end in a particular way; the end result of something
turbulent – characterized by conflict, disorder, or confusion; not stable or calm
typical – usual, normal, predictable
vision – something that you imagine
when all is/was said and done – when everything is finished and settled; when everything is considered
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MASTER ENGLISH CONVERSATION 2.0 - Milestones - Quick Reference Glossary
Phrase Builder

a whole bunch of X – very great in quantity, extent, or scope

bloodline – all the members of a family group over generations
brilliant – exceptionally clever or talented
colloquial – informal language
committee – a group of persons appointed or elected to study a problem, plan an event, or perform a
specific duty
complicated – having many parts or steps
disorganized – not arranged or planned in a particular way
etcetera, etcetera – used at the end of a list to indicate that further, similar items are included
government – the governing body of a nation, state, or community
habit– a routine of behavior that is repeated regularly and tends to occur unconsciously
harsh – unpleasant, unkind, cruel, or more severe than is necessary
impression – an idea, feeling, or opinion about something or someone
impressive – stands out because it is really good
in poor health – a softer way of saying that someone is very sick
in your estimation – a way to express your opinion of that thing
instinct – something you don’t need to learn — it happens naturally, without you even thinking about it
interact – to work together, or to act together
interesting – attracting your attention and making you want to learn more about something or to be
involved in something
legalization – to make legal or lawful
lineage – used to describe everyone who descends from a particular ancestor
lobbyist – someone hired by a business or a cause to persuade legislators to support that business or cause;
lobbyists get paid to win favor from politicians
lots of moving parts – having a lot of working components to manage
member – short spoken (not written) form of ‘remember’
missile – an object or weapon that is fired, thrown, dropped, or otherwise projected at a target
nervous – having or showing feelings of worry, fear, or anxiety
on down the line – in the future
on the right foot – make a good start at something
pension/pension system/pension scheme – A type of retirement plan, usually tax exempt, wherein an
employer makes contributions toward a pool of funds set aside for an employee’s future benefit. The pool of
funds is then invested on the employee’s behalf, allowing the employee to receive benefits upon retirement.
perpetuate – to cause something to continue
philosopher – a person who studies ideas about knowledge, truth, the nature and meaning of life, etc.
politician – a person who is active in government usually as an elected official
pool of money – funds from many individual investors that are collected for the purposes of investment, as
in the case of a mutual or pension fund.
prefix – affix that’s added in front of a word and often changes the meaning of it
pretty much – informal phrase meaning very nearly; almost; approximately
previous – occurring before something else
quick – fast to understand, think, or learn; intelligent
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MASTER ENGLISH CONVERSATION 2.0 - Milestones - Quick Reference Glossary
sector – an area of the economy in which businesses share the same or a related product or service
Skype – an software application for communicating with other people over the internet using video or voice
slob – a person who is lazy and dirty or messy
sonogram – a visual image produced from an ultrasound examination
suffix – a letter or a group of letters added to the end of a word to change its meaning
technical – complicated
the big attraction – a person, place, thing, or event that is the most important thing in attracting people
thinker – a person who thinks deeply and seriously
to be convinced – if you are convinced about something, that means you believe something
to buzz off – phrasal verb to tell someone to leave
to chitchat – friendly conversation about things that are not very important
to convince – to persuade someone or make someone certain
to cover – deal with a subject by describing or analyzing its most important aspects or events
to estimate – to form an approximate judgment or opinion regarding the worth, amount, size, weight, etc.
to keep something going – to continue uninterrupted
to lobby – to try to persuade a politician, the government, or an official group
to mold a personality – to shape a person’s thoughts or personality by the way you treat them or teach
them
to move around – phrasal verb meaning to change location; move, travel, or proceed
to push for X – phrasal verb meaning to ​demand something r​ epeatedly, or to take ​strong a​ ction to ​try to
make it ​happen
to raise your attention – to attract someone to notice or focus on someone or something
to retire – to withdraw from one’s occupation or position, especially upon reaching a certain age
to shape – the condition of something or someone
to startle – to alarm, frighten, or surprise suddenly
to take out – phrasal verb meaning to remove something from somewhere
to take the X out of something – a phrase used to suggest that someone is removing an emotional
condition from a situation
ultrasound – a method of producing images of the inside of the body by using a machine that produces
sound waves which are too high to be heard
weird – strikingly odd or unusual, especially in an unsettling way; strange
when something strikes you/ it struck me – you get an idea suddenly
you can’t win ‘em all – nobody wins all the time; can be used when a whole bunch of good things happen
but one not so good thing happens

Fluency Corner

after so many (days, months, years, etc.) of X – a way of talking about the entire time period
after the fact – occurring, done, or made after something has happened
ahead of time – in advance; before the usual time or the time expected
around (an age)/close to (an age) – a way of talking about the approximate age of someone
back then – a conversational way of speaking about the past
directly – to do something without changing direction or stopping
economy – the process or system by which goods and services are produced, sold, and bought in a country
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MASTER ENGLISH CONVERSATION 2.0 - Milestones - Quick Reference Glossary
or region
explicit – stated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion or doubt
expressly – explicitly; clearly
from day one – in the beginning; the first day
generation – all of the people born and living at about the same time, regarded collectively
graduate school – a division of a university offering advanced programs beyond the bachelor’s degree
great – a way to describe further generations beyond the relationship of “grand”; for example your great
grandmother is your grandmother’s mother
life change – an event that changes the circumstances of life
milestone – a major event in life
most of the time – usually, very often
obstacle – a thing that blocks one’s way or prevents or hinders progress
pace – consistent and continuous speed
phrasal verb – a phrase that combines a verb with a preposition or adverb or both and that functions as a
verb
preconception – an idea or opinion that someone has before learning about or experiencing something
directly
pre-X – earlier than; prior to; before
progress – forward or onward movement toward a destination
rival – a person or thing that tries to defeat or be more successful than another
see from different angles – idiom meaning to look at something from a different point of view
sex-ed(ucation) – information about sex and sexual relationships that adults teach to young people,
especially in school
slightly – to a small degree or extent
the cycle continues – series of occurrences that repeats
the facts of life – information about sexual functions and practices, especially as described to children
the stork – a common myth that that parents use to tell children where babies come from; the mythical or
symbolic deliverer of a new baby
to approach – come near or nearer to someone or something in distance
to be (or get) mixed up – to be confused
to bring up – phrasal verb meaning to bring a person to maturity through nurturing care and education
to catch on to X – to understand
to come along – phrasal verb meaning to appear or to happen next; to improve or get better
to conceive/conception – to hold as an opinion; think; believe
to discover – to find something or someone unexpectedly or in the course of a search
to dismount – to get off or get down from something like a horse or a bicycle
to figure out – phrasal verb meaning to ​find the ​solution to a ​problem after a lot of ​thought
to find out – phrasal verb meaning to learn by study, observation, or search; discover
to get around to doing X – to do something that you have ​intended to do for a ​long t​ ime
to get off – to dismount a bicycle or horse; to leave a bus, plane, or train
to get on – phrasal verb meaning to get into a bus, plane, or train
to get to X – phrasal verb meaning to do something directly or right away
to go back and forth – phrasal verb meaning to think about and debate between two choices; two sides of
an argument
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MASTER ENGLISH CONVERSATION 2.0 - Milestones - Quick Reference Glossary
to go back to X – phrasal verb meaning to return to talking about something in the past or a previous topic
to keep up – phrasal verb to continue
to move on – phrasal verb meaning to continue
to navigate life – to move around or you get over problems or challenges in life
to operate – control the functioning of a machine, process, or system
to prepare – to make someone or something ready for some activity
to raise – to look after a child
to turn into X – phrasal verb meaning to develop or change into something different
to turn off – phrasal verb meaning to stop a piece of equipment working temporarily by pressing a button
or by moving a switch
to turn on – phrasal verb meaning to make a piece of equipment start working by pressing a button or
moving a switch
to turn out to be X – phrasal verb meaning to happen in a particular way or have a particular end result
to work out – phrasal verb meaning to be successful or have a successful result
when it comes to – concerning

Master Class

Baby Boom – a temporary marked increase in the birth rate, especially the one following World War II
blog – a regularly updated website or web page, typically one run by an individual or small group, that is
written in an informal or conversational style
characteristic – feature or quality belonging typically to a person, place, or thing and serving to identify
them
course – a part of a meal served at one time
crib – a small bed with high sides for a baby
drug legalization – A status where responsible adults may legally acquire, possess, and use a particular
drug, although there may be restrictions on time, place and manner.
entrepreneur – a person who organizes and operates a business or businesses, usually taking on greater
than normal financial risks in order to do so
fairly – to some degree or extent but not very or extremely
feminist – someone who supports equal rights for women
If a tree falls in the woods does it make a sound if nobody’s around to hear it does it make a sound?
– This is a commonly referenced philosophical thought experiment that raises questions regarding
observation and knowledge of reality.
insight – a deep understanding of a person or thing
logical – characterized by or capable of clear, sound reasoning
move in and out – a way to talk about going between two different things or states of being; for example,
you can move in and out of consciousness or move in and out of speaking a language
neat and tidy – clean and orderly
no excuse – used for saying that someone should definitely do something; they have no reason not to do
something
none other than – a phrase used to express surprise or to introduce a very famous or important person or
thing
one way or the other – somehow, in some fashion, using any method available
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MASTER ENGLISH CONVERSATION 2.0 - Milestones - Quick Reference Glossary
outfit – any group or association regarded as a cohesive unit, such as a military company, business, etc.
perspective – a particular attitude toward or way of regarding something; a point of view
population – all the inhabitants of a particular town, area, or country
potential – possible, as opposed to actual
pregnant – having a child or other offspring developing in the body
psychological – pertaining to, dealing with, or affecting the mind
shy – reserved or having nervousness or timidity in the company of other people
situation – the set of things that are happening and the conditions that exist at a particular time
spatial – relating to the position, area, and size of things
splotch – a mark or spot that does not have a regular shape
stage of life – a distinct step or period of development, growth, or progress in life
the one to do it – the best person for a job
to assure – to inform positively in order to remove doubt
to blast – to make or cause to make a loud continuous musical or other noise
to check out – phrasal verb meaning to leave a hotel after paying and returning your room key
to come in – phrasal verb meaning to enter a room or building
to come out – phrasal verb meaning to emerge; become known
to converse – to have a conversation
to dump out – phrasal verb meaning to empty material out of a container or vehicle
to engage – attract someone’s interest or attention
to follow one’s interests – to apply oneself to one’s hobbies and areas of study
to get to know – to become familiar with something or someone
to hesitate – to be reluctant or wait to act because of fear or doubt
to horrify – to greatly upset and shock someone
to impress – to cause someone to admire or respect you
to influence – to have an important effect on someone or something
to keep the decks clear/to clear the decks – to remove unnecessary things so that you are ready for action
to look forward to X – phrasal verb meaning to feel happy and excited about something that is going to
happen
to pass the bar – to pass the test to become a lawyer
to pay attention – the act or power of carefully thinking about, listening to, or watching someone or
something
to pick up – phrasal verb meaning to learn something
to populate – to provide with inhabitants; if an area is populated by people or animals, they live in that area
to practice law – to actively work as a lawyer
to pull up – when someone d ​ riving a ​car ​pulls up, the ​driver ​stops the ​car, often for a ​short ​time
to report – give a spoken or written account of something that one has observed, heard, done, or
investigated
to reveal – make previously unknown information known to others
to take over – an act of assuming control of something
to track – to follow the words or images on the page with your eyes
university administrator – someone whose job is to control the operation of a university

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