Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1. Risk analysis
2. Availability
3. Determining Data Center Class
4. Reliability
5. Efficiency and Reliability
6. BICSI Design Classifications
7. The BICSI Difference
Risk Analysis
Seven considerations:
Availability
• How often is the equipment operational?
Availability
• Operational requirements
• Availability requirements
• Impact of down time
• Component and system reliability
• Impact of class on design
Defining Availability Class
Operational Operational Impact of
Requirements Availability Downtime
Availability Class
Operational Requirements
Identifying Operational Requirements
Operational Annual Planned
Description
Level Maintenance Hours
Functions are operational less than 24 hours a day and less than 7 days a week.
0 >400 Scheduled maintenance is available during working hours and off hours
Functions are operational less than 24 hours a day and less than 7 days a week.
1 100 - 400 Scheduled maintenance is available during working hours and off hours
Functions are operational 24 hours a day and up to 7 days a week for 50 weeks a year.
2 50 - 99 Scheduled maintenance is available during working hours and off hours
Functions are operational 24 hours a day and up to 7 days a week for 50 weeks or more.
3 0 - 49 No scheduled maintenance is available during working hours
Functions are operational 24 hours a day and up to 7 days a week for 52 weeks a year. No
4 0 scheduled maintenance is available
Level 0 0 0 1 2 2
Level 1 0 1 2 2 2
Level 2 1 2 2 2 3
Level 3 2 2 2 3 4
Level 4 3 3 3 4 4
Minor Local in scope, single site, minor disruption of delay to key objectives
• Component Redundancy
– Redundancy of critical high-risk components
• System Redundancy
– Redundancy at the system level
• Quality
– Commercial or premium grade
• Survivability
– Protection against external events
Reliability
A2
R = .90
1
Analyze
5 2
Measure Prioritize
4 3
Implement Develop
BICSI DC Design Classifications
Maintenence Bypass
Mechanical Mechanical
Switchgear
Static Bypass
Optional Switchgear
UPS UPS
N N
Mechanical Mechanical
Loads Loads
PDU PDU
F0 – Single path, module and source F1 – Single path, module and source
Electrical Class F2
Transfer Alternate
Utility
Switchgear Power Source
Electrical Distribution
Maintenence Bypass
Mechanical
Static Bypass
UPS UPS
Switchgear
N +1
Mechanical
Loads
PDU
Critical Non-Critical
Loads Loads
Maintenence Bypass
Static Bypass
Distribution Distribution
Switchgear Switchgear
Critical Mechanical Critical Mechanical
Switchgear Switchgear
PDU PDU
Critical
Fans Pumps
Transformer Transformer
Alternate Alternate
Power Source N Power Source N
Transfer Transfer
Switchgear Switchgear
Alternate Alternate
Power Source +1 Power Source +1
Maintenence Bypass
Maintenence Bypass
Static Bypass
Static Bypass
Distribution Distribution
Switchgear Switchgear
Critical Mechanical Critical Mechanical
Switchgear Switchgear
PDU PDU
Critical
Fans Pumps
CHILLER DX System
CONDENSER CONDENSER
“N” CRAH
Single Path
Mechanical Class F2
AIR-COOLED AIR-COOLED Pump
CONDENSER CONDENSER Indoor Heated Water
Condensers
“N” CRAH
“N” CRAH
“+1” CRAH
Condensers
Pipe loops
recommended
“N” CRAH
“N” CRAH
“+1” CRAH
“N + 1” Chillers,
CHILLER CHILLER CHILLER
Pumps and
Condensers
Pipe loops
Required
Pump
“N” CRAH
“+1” CRAH
“+2” CRAH
Fault tolerant
Telecommunication Class C0 & C1
SP SP – Service Provider
MH – Maintenance Hole
ER – Entrance Room
MDA – Main Distribution Area
MH HDA – Horizontal Distribution Area
EDA – Equipment Distribution Area
Work Area ER
Computer room
TR MDA
HDA HDA
Work Area ER
Computer room
TR MDA
HDA HDA
Work Area ER ER
Computer room
TR MDA MDA
HDA HDA
Redundant and diverse multipath from the property line to each HDA
Telecommunication Class 4
SP – Service Provider
SP SP SP
MH – Maintenance Hole
ER – Entrance Room
MDA – Main Distribution Area
MH MH HDA – Horizontal Distribution Area
C2
EDA – Equipment Distribution Area
Work Area ER ER
Computer room
TR MDA MDA
Redundant and diverse multipath from the property line to each EDA
Network Class N0 & N1
WAN Internet
• Internet - Access from a single
provider via a single link
Service Provider
Servers Servers
Network Class N2
• Internet- Two service providers
WAN Internet
with a single link or one service
provider with two links
Service Provider
• WAN/MAN – Non-redundant
circuits from two service providers
Edge WAN Edge Internet
or redundant circuits from a single
provider
Core
Servers Servers
Network Class N3
WAN Internet WAN • Internet- Two service
providers with a single link or
one service provider with two
Service Provider Service Provider links
Edge WAN Edge Internet Edge WAN Edge Internet • WAN/MAN – Non-redundant
circuits from more then two
Core Core service providers or
redundant circuits from a
Aggregation Aggregation
single provider
Servers Servers
System Class S0 & S1
• Systems are
implemented on
specific platforms
• Hardware dependent
with no seamless
failover or self healing
Application Server Direct Attach Storage Device Tape Backup
• Systems are
implemented on
Load Balancing Services specific platforms with
For Applications mirrored applications
• Failure recovery
Application Server Application Server Network Attach Storage through failover to
Mirrored redundant systems
Tape Backup
• Application specific
Load Balancing Services For Applications hardware dependent
or virtualized with
Mirrored
mirrored applications
Application Server Application Server
• Network attached
storage with mirrored
data on redundant
Mirrored
systems
Disk Array Disk Array
Mirrored
• Location transparent,
virtualized systems or
Load Balancing Services For Applications hardware dependent
grid
Application Server Application Server Application Server Application Server • Network attached
Location Transparent Processing storage with mirrored
data on redundant
systems and
Synchronous/Asynchronous
automated data
management
Disk Array Disk Array
Mirrored