UNITY UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

GUIDELINES AND PROCEDURES

FOR
FINAL YEAR PROJECT ON
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS & DESIGN

Compiled By: - Feysel Nesru

Structural Analysis and Design Guidelines & Procedures

1. Material Data

During the analysis and/or design of the building, use the following material
properties for concrete and reinforcement. Note that if dictated by design, you
can use a higher concrete and rebar grade.

1.1 Concrete
• Concrete grade of C-25 (fcu = 25MPa) with class-I workmanship.
• Partial safety factor, γc =1.5 [EBCS – 2, 1995 table 3.1]
• Characteristic strength [compression], fck

f ck = 0 .8 f cu [EBCS – 2, 1995 table 2.2]

• Characteristic strength [tension], fctk

f ctk = 0 .21 f ck2 / 3 [EBCS – 2, 1995 eqns. 2.1 & 2.2]

• Design strength [compression], fcd

0 .85 f ck
f cd = [EBCS – 2, 1995 eqn. 3.4]
γc

• Design strength [tension], fctd

f ctk
f ctd = [EBCS – 2, 1995 eqn. 3.5]
γc

• Secant modulus of elasticity, Ecm

Ecm = 9.5( f ck + 8)1/ 3 [EBCS – 2, 1995 eqn. 2.3]

• Poisson’s ratio, ν

Any value between 0 and 0.2 [EBCS – 2, 1995 Art. 2.5.3]

Note: ν=0 simulates cracked concrete section.

• Coefficient of thermal expansion, α

α = 10 x 10-6 per 0C [EBCS – 2, 1995 Art. 2.5.5]

• Unit weight, γ = 25KN/m3 [EBCS – 1, 1995 table 2.1]

Unity University
Department of Civil Engineering 1 Compiled by: Feysel N.
Structural Analysis and Design Guidelines & Procedures

1.2 Reinforcing Steel

• Steel grade of S-300 (fyk = 300MPa) with class-I workmanship.
• Partial safety factor, γs

γs = 1.15 [EBCS – 2, 1995 table 3.1]

• Design strength [tension & compression], f yd

f yk
f yd = [EBCS – 2, 1995 eqn. 3.6]
γs

• Modulus of elasticity, Es

Es = 200GPa [EBCS – 2, 1995 Art. 2.9.4]

• Coefficient of thermal expansion, α

α = 10 x 10-6 per 0C [EBCS – 2, 1995 Art. 2.8(1)]

• Unit weight, γ = 77KN/m3 [EBCS – 1, 1995 table 2.1]

1.3 Other Materials

For other construction materials, please refer EBCS – 1, 1995 to get their unit
weight, γ. If a construction material used in the building (specified by the
Architect) is not mentioned in EBCS, you can get its properties from internet.

Unity University
Department of Civil Engineering 2 Compiled by: Feysel N.
Structural Analysis and Design Guidelines & Procedures

2. General Procedure

The procedures for the analysis and design of a building are outlined below.
Note that the specifics for some parts may differ depending on the type of the
building you are designing, please consult your advisor regarding this.

Eight general steps along with the tasks to be carried out in each are given in
the form of tables. These tables can also be used by the advisor as a follow-up
tool. This can be done by signing under the column;

• “Completed”:- when the task is completed and approved.

• “Submitted”:- when a report for the completed task is written and
submitted. Alternatively a report can be submitted for each part at once.

1) SLAB DESIGN

No. Task Description Completed Submitted Remark

1 Depth determination

2 Load calculation

3 Load transfer to beams

4 Moment calculation

5 Moment adjustment

6 Reinforcement calculation

7 Reinforcement curtailment

8 Drawings

Unity University
Department of Civil Engineering 3 Compiled by: Feysel N.
Structural Analysis and Design Guidelines & Procedures

2) STAIR DESIGN

No. Task Description Completed Submitted Remark

1 Depth determination

2 Load calculation

3 Load transfer to beams

4 Moment calculation

5 Reinforcement calculation

6 Reinforcement curtailment

7 Drawings

3) ROOF TRUSS ANALYSIS & DESIGN

No. Task Description Completed Submitted Remark

1 DL & LL calculation

2 Wind Load calculation

3 Purlin design

4 Truss analysis (SAP2000)

5 Design the truss members

6 Load transfer to beams

Unity University
Department of Civil Engineering 4 Compiled by: Feysel N.
 Structural Analysis and Design Guidelines & Procedures

4) LATERAL LOAD ANALYSIS

4.1) EARTHQUAKE ANALYSIS

No. Task Description Completed Submitted Remark

1 Method of analysis

2 Design spectrum calculation

3 Mass center calculation

4 Story shear calculation

4.2) WIND LOAD ANALYSIS

1 Wind pressure calculation

2 Net wind load on the frame

5) FRAME ANALYSIS (SAP2000 or ETABS)

No. Task Description Completed Submitted Remark

1 Draw the model

2 Analyze the model

6) BEAM DESIGN

No. Task Description Completed Submitted Remark

1 Check depth for deflection

2 Check depth for flexure

3 Reinforcement calculation

4 Design the beams for shear

5 Design the beams for torsion

6 Reinforcement curtailment

7 Drawings

Unity University
Department of Civil Engineering 5 Compiled by: Feysel N.
 Structural Analysis and Design Guidelines & Procedures

7) COLUMN DESIGN

No. Task Description Completed Submitted Remark

1 Frame classification

2 Design moment calculation

3 Reinforcement calculation

4 Design columns for shear

5 Reinforcement curtailment

6 Drawings

8) FOUNDATION DESIGN

No. Task Description Completed Submitted Remark

1 Footing proportioning

2 Depth, D, determination

3 Reinforcement calculation

4 Reinforcement curtailment

5 Drawings

Unity University
Department of Civil Engineering 6 Compiled by: Feysel N.
Structural Analysis and Design Guidelines & Procedures

3. Structure of a Final Year Project Report

The following are parts of a typical technical paper on a final year project.
Cover page
The report should contain a cover page with the title of the project, the
name(s) of the student (the author(s)), and the year.

Acknowledgement (optional)
This part is optional and it should be on a single page.

Table of contents
A table of contents should be included in the report followed by a list of figures
and tables.

Introduction
The report should contain a brief introduction about the project, the main
aims of the project and the methods used.

Body part (Chapter-1, 2, 3 …)

In this section, literature reviews followed by the results from the Analysis and
Design of the structural members, and any subsequent calculations, should
be presented along with any graphical representation of the results if
possible. Where appropriate it is recommended that Tables be used for
presenting the data and the results of calculations. Remember to include
units with the column/row titles.
Where you are asked to show your calculations, this justification is only
required for one set of results. Do not waste time repeating the same
calculation over and over; it is not only tedious to write, but also to read!

Conclusions
This should state what you have got from conducting analysis and design of
the structure and recommendation, if there is any, based on economic
analysis as well as suitability. It should not be a repeat of statements
made previously in the report.

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Department of Civil Engineering 7 Compiled by: Feysel N.
Structural Analysis and Design Guidelines & Procedures

References

Never copy from the Internet or anywhere else without a statement and
reference that you did so. Give a full reference including title, author(s), and
publisher; date etc. everything that would be required for anyone reading the
report to find a copy of the publication.

Appendix

A copy of the data given, outputs from any software analysis, working
drawings, and any other similar results should be inserted as an appendix.

4. Writing a Final Year Project Report

A well written report is one that a fellow engineering student, like you,
should be able to clearly understand the results and any calculations, and
appreciate the conclusions. Some general instructions on how to present a
technical report on a final year Project paper are given below.

4.1 General Rules

• The report should be written neatly using Microsoft Word. Follow the
format given in section 4.2 below. Lack of neatness detracts the quality of
the report.

• The report should be written in clear, concise English, since the

purpose of a project report is to communicate ideas. Short sentences
should be used wherever possible, as they are clearer to understand but
this does not mean that notes on each topic should be included.

• The report should be written in the passive voice. Do not use the words I,
he, she, we, they, my, our etc. Keep the report impersonal at all times,
Do not use words you do not know, or are unsure of, their meaning. If
in doubt use a dictionary. To avoid spelling or grammatical errors
use the spell checker command in Microsoft Word, but remember
that spell checkers are not always correct.

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Department of Civil Engineering 8 Compiled by: Feysel N.
Structural Analysis and Design Guidelines & Procedures

• Whenever you use code (EBCS) specified equation, constant or assumption,

quote the part and article/equation/table from where it is referred. As an
example, see how the properties of concrete are written in section 1.1.

• If you use an equation, a constant or an assumption that is not from

EBCS, quote your source and include it in the list of references. If your
source is from the Internet, write the web address as a hyperlink.
Remember that not everything on the Internet is correct, if you must use
the Internet, do not use open source pages like Wikipedia.

4.2 Format
The report should have the following format.
Page Setup
Margins Top = 1’’ Bottom = 1’’ Left = 1’’ Right = 1’’
Header from edge = 0.5’’ Footer from edge = 0.5’’
Line spacing = 1.5
Page Numbering
No page number for the cover page & certificate.
Roman numerals (I, II …) for the Acknowledgement & Table of contents.
Starting from the Introduction use Hindu-Arabic (1, 2 …) numerals.
Font
Font Name Times New Roman
Font Size 12 (larger size for titles)
Font Style Regular (bold for titles)

4.3 Quality Assurance

Any submission should be rechecked carefully by the author, and preferably
by a third party to check for any errors. A report with careless mistakes,
spelling errors, etc. appears most unprofessional, and will be marked down.
As you become professional engineers you will come to fully appreciate
this. Start practicing it now.

Have a Nice Work!!

Unity University
Department of Civil Engineering 9 Compiled by: Feysel N.