You are on page 1of 13

WEARABLE GLOVE-TYPE DRIVER STRESS DETECTION USING A

MOTION SENSOR

ABSTRACT

Increased driver stress is generally recognized as one of the major factors


leading to road accidents and loss of life. Even though physiological signals are
reported as the most reliable means to measure driver stresses, they often require
the use of unique and expensive sensors, which produce dynamic and varying
readings within individuals. This paper presents a novel means to predict a driver’s
stress level by evaluating the movement pattern of the steering wheel. This is
accomplished by using an inertial motion unit sensor, which is placed on a glove
worn by the driver. The motion sensor selected for this paper was chosen because
for its low cost and the fact that it is least affected by environmental factors as
compared with a physiological signal. Experiments were conducted in three
different environmental scenarios. The scenarios were classified as “urban,”
“highway,” and “rural,” and they were chosen to simulate contrasting stress
conditions experienced by the driver. In this paper, skin conductance and driver
self-reports served as a reference stress to predict the driver’s stress level. Galvanic
skin response, a well-known stress indicator, was captured along the driver’s palm
and the readings were transmitted to a personal computer via low energy wireless
module for further processing. The results revealed that indirect measurement of
steering wheel movement with an inertial motion sensor could obtain accuracies up
to an average rate of 94.78%. This demonstrates the opportunity for inclusion of
motion sensors in wireless driver assistance systems for ambulatory monitoring of
stress levels
BLOCK DIAGRAM

MICRO CONTROLLER
MEMS SENSOR ZIGBEE MODULE

POWER SUPPLY
UNIT
MONITORING SECTION

RS232 CABLE
ZIGBEE MODULE PERSONAL
COMPUTER
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

 MICRO CONTROLLER
 MEMS SENSOR
 ZIGBEE MODULE
 RS232 CABLE
 POWER SUPPLY UNIT
 PERSONAL COMPUTER

SOFTWARE TOOLS

 PIC CCS
 EMBEDDED C
LITERATURE REVIEW

TOPIC : Real-Time Personalized Stress Detection from Physiological Signals

AUTHOR’S : Muhammad Syazani Bin ,Othman O. Khalifa, Rashid A. Saeed

YEAR : 2015

DESCRIPTION :

This is the era of modern life. The era of email, text messages, Facebook
and Twitter, careers Crisis news coming from everywhere at any time. We
(human) are assaulted with facts, pseudo facts, jibber-jabber, and rumour all posing
as information. We text while we’re walking across the street, catch up on email
while standing in a queue. When people think they’re multitasking, they’re actually
just switching from one task to another very rapidly. It has been found to increase
the production of the stress that results overstimulate brains and cause mental fog
or scrambled thinking. However, stress management should start far before the
stress start causing illnesses. In this paper, a real-time personalized stress detection
system from physiological signals is introduced. It is based on Pulse rate and
temperature. That could record a person’s stress levels.
TOPIC : A Stress Sensor Based on Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) Controlled by
ZigBee

AUTHOR’S : María Viqueira Villarejo, Begoña García Zapirain and Amaia


Méndez Zorrilla

YEAR : 2012

DESCRIPTION :

Sometimes, one needs to control different emotional situations which can


lead the person suffering them to dangerous situations, in both the medium and
short term. There are studies which indicate that stress increases the risk of cardiac
problems. In this study we have designed and built a stress sensor based on
Galvanic Skin Response (GSR), and controlled by ZigBee. In order to check the
device’s performance, we have used 16 adults (eight women and eight men) who
completed different tests requiring a certain degree of effort, such as mathematical
operations or breathing deeply. On completion, we appreciated that GSR is able to
detect the different states of each user with a success rate of 76.56%. In the future,
we plan to create an algorithm which is able to differentiate between each state.
TOPIC : Smart Helmet

AUTHOR’S : Ayush Garg, Swati Gupta, Harpreet Kaur

DESCRIPTION :

This paper presents the smart helmet that ensures that the rider cannot start the bike
without wearing it. This helmet uses simple cable replacement for wirelessly
switching on a bike, so that the bike would not start without both the key and the
helmet. Also, whenever the driver starts ignition, the alcohol sensor measures the
content of the alcohol in his breath and automatically switches off the bike if he is
drunken. To make driving more safe GSM and GPS technology is used. Vibration
sensors are placed in different places of helmet where the probability of hitting is
more which are connected to microcontroller board. So when the rider crashes and
the helmet hit the ground, these sensors sense and gives to the microcontroller
board, then controller extract GPS data using the GPS module that is interfaced to
it. When the data exceeds minimum stress limit then GSM module automatically
sends message to ambulance or family members
TOPIC : Mobile Sensing of Stress Detection and Vehicle Control for Bus Drivers

AUTHOR’S : Arya Jyothi G.J, C.Anna Palagan

YEAR : 2016

DESCRIPTION :

Experience of daily stress among bus drivers has shown to affect physical
and psychological health, and an impact driving behavior and overall road safety.
Although previous research consistently supports thesefindings, little attention has
been dedicated to the design of a stress detection method able to synchronize
physiologic and psychological stress responses of public bus drivers in their day-
to-day routine work. To overcome this limitation, we propose a mobile sensing
approach to detect geo referenced stress responses and facilitate memory recall of
the stressful situations. Data was collected among public bus drivers in the city of
Porto, Portugal 145 hours, 36 bus drivers, and +2300 km and results supported the
validation of our approach among this population and allowed us to determine
specific stressor categories within certain areas of the city. Furthermore, data
collected through-out the city allowed us to produce a citywide stress map‖ that can
be used for spotting areas in need of local authority intervention. The enriching
findings suggest that our system can be a promising tool to support applied
occupational health interventions for public bus drivers and guide authorities
interventions to improve these aspects in future cities
TOPIC : Preventing Road Accidents with Wearable Biosensors and Innovative
Architectural Design

AUTHOR’S : Rajiv Ranjan Singh

YEAR : 2007

DESCRIPTION : Wearable computers could play a significant role as driver


condition warning and safetyimpacting service devices. This paper discusses the
architectural elements of BITS-LifeGuard Wearable Computer for preventing road
accidents. By using miniature wearable sensors and necessary processing
algorithms this wearable computer aims to take proactive action to alert the driver
in advance. The infrastructure needed in such applications is discussed here to
validate the BITS-LifeGuard architecture. Mainly the required hardware and
software resources are discussed to identify key components. Our investigation of
three key hardware components such as sensors, processors and communication
channels alongwith necessary software implementation methodology is presented
here.
MODULE DISCRIPTION

 MICRO CONTROLLER UNIT


 SENSING UNIT
 SERIAL TRANSMISSION UNIT

MICRO CONTROLLER UNIT

The microcontroller is a device that can perform a specific function


according to the coding/program burnt into its program memory. The
microcontrollers are special purpose devices used in many application like
automobile, medical, instrumentation, battery management, smart phones
accessories, motor and control drives, USB and wireless technology etc.

SENSOR UNIT

A PIR sensor is generally known to the world as motion sensor or motion


detector. We can actually build motion sensors or motion sensing lights we get on
market with the help of micro controller and PIR sensors.

SERIAL TRANSMISSION UNIT

ZigBee is a wireless technology developed as an open global standard to


address the unique needs of low-cost, low-power wireless M2M networks. The
ZigBee standard operates on the IEEE 802.15.4 physical radio specification and
operates in unlicensed bands including 2.4 GHz, 900 MHz and 868 MHz
REFERENCE

 L. M. Bergasa, J. Nuevo, M. A. Sotelo, R. Barea, and M. E. Lopez, “Real-


time system for monitoring driver vigilance,” IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp.
Syst., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 63–77, Mar. 2006. [Online]. Available:
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=1603553&tag=1
 G. Li and W.-Y. Chung, “Detection of driver drowsiness using wavelet
analysis of heart rate variability and a support vector machine classifier,”
Sensors, vol. 13, no. 12, pp. 16494–16511, Dec. 2013. [Online]. Available:
http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/13/12/16494
 Sahayadhas, K. Sundaraj, and M. Murugappan, “Detecting driver drowsiness
based on sensors: A review,” Sensors, vol. 12, no. 12, pp. 16937–16953,
Dec. 2012. [Online]. Available: http:// www.mdpi.com/1424-
8220/12/12/16937/htm
 J. D. Hill and L. N. Boyle, “Driver stress as influenced by driving
maneuvers and roadway conditions,” Transp. Res. F, Traffic Psychol.
Behavior, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 177–186, May 2007. [Online]. Available:
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369847806000817
 E. Andreou et al., “Perceived stress scale: Reliability and validity study in
Greece,” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 3287–3298,
Aug. 2011. [Online]. Available: http:// www.psy.cmu.edu/~/Greece.pdf
 Z. Mardi, S. N. M. Ashtiani, and M. Mikaili, “EEG-based drowsiness
detection for safe driving using chaotic features and statistical tests,” J. Med.
Signals Sens., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 130–137, Aug. 2011. [Online]. Available:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22606668
 J. Wijsman, B. Grundlehner, J. Penders, and H. Hermens, “Trapezius muscle
EMG as predictor of mental stress,” in Proc. Wireless Health (WH), 2010,
pp. 155–163.
 R. Luijcks, H. J. Hermens, L. Bodar, C. J. Vossen, J. van. OS, and R.
Lousberg, “Experimentally induced stress validated by EMG activity,” PLoS
ONE, vol. 9, no. 4, p. e95215, Apr. 2014. [Online]. Available:
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal. pone.0095215
 Schießl, “Stress and strain while driving,” in Proc. Eur. Conf. Transp. Res.
Inst., 2007, pp. 1–11.
 Lanatà et al., “How the autonomic nervous system and driving style change
with incremental stressing conditions during simulated driving,” IEEE
Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst., vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 1505–1517, Jun. 2015.
[Online]. Available:
http://www.centropiaggio.unipi.it/sites/default/files/2015_lanata_etal_
ieee_tinttraspsys_driving.pdf

You might also like