Concept on:

• Stress tensor,
• Strain tensor,
• Elastic constants,
• Constitutive equations,
• Yield criterion,
• Levy Mises equations
Complex state of stress acting on a structure
Stress acting at a point (P) in the space. Plane is not defined
Stress tensor
Concept of principal plane and principal stress
Concept of principal plane and principal stress
Principal stress values
Principal stress under plane stress condition
 Principal stress under different loading conditions

Under plane stress condition

Maximum shear stress planes
 Stress deviator component

σI 0 0 σH 0 0 σI-σH 0 0
Stress
=
Principal Hydrostatic
stress
tensor
0 σII 0 stress
tensor
0 σH 0 + deviator
tensor
0 σII-σH 0

0 0 σIII 0 0 σH 0 0 σIII-σH

=
σI + σII + σIII
σH 3

Von Mises said yielding occurs when the second invariant of

stress deviator tensor exceeds a critical value.
Stress deviator tensor components and second invariant
Concept of distortion energy, i.e. elastic strain energy
 Concept of distortion energy, i.e. elastic strain energy

Von Mises also said that yielding occurs when the distortion
energy exceeds a critical value.
Another form of von Mises criterion said, yield occurs when distortion
energy reaches a critical value.
Von Mises criterion
Von Mises criterion
Von Mises criterion
Von Mises criterion
Tresca yield criterion
Tresca yield criterion
Strain / displacement
Displacement tensor
Strain tensor
Strain tensor
 Constitutive equations:

Poisson’s ratio:

Constitutive equations:
Bulk modules
Elastic constants:
Plane stress

Plane strain
Mohr Circle Representation of stress and strain
 Mohr Circle
Representation of stress
and strain
 Yield locus

Domain of von Mises and

Tresca yield criterion under
plane stress condition, i.e. 2-
simensional state of stress.
 Frequently used
functions of stress and
strain: Effective stress
and Effective strain

All strains are plastic

strains
Levy Mises equations: Relating principal stress and change in principal
plastic-strain for plastic deformation.
Levy Mises equations: Relating principal stress and change in
principal plastic-strain for plastic deformation.
 Anisotropic Elastic Constants
In matrix format, the stress-strain relation showing the
36 (6 x 6) independent components of stiffness can be
represented as:
 σ 1   C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16  ε1 
    
 σ 2   C21 C22 C23 C24 C25 C26  ε 2 
σ   C C32 C33 C34 C35 C36  ε 3 
 3  =  31  
 σ 4   C41 C42 C43 C44 C45 C46  ε 4 
σ   C C52 C53 C54 C55 C56  ε 5 
 5   51  
 σ 6   C61 C62 C63 C64 C65 C66  ε 6 
Or in short notation, we can write:
σ i = Cijε j and ε i = Sijσ j