Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The words corporate, social, responsibility suggests that, CSR covers the
responsibilities that companies or corporations have towards the societies within
which they are based and operate. From a practical perspective, CSR involves a
business identifying its stakeholder groups and incorporating their needs and values
within the strategic and day to-day decision-making process:
Figure 1.1: Brief Overview of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
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Table 1.1:-Definitions of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
Authors (date) Definitions
The firm‟s consideration of, and response to, issues beyond the
Davis (1973) narrow economic, technical, and legal requirements of the firm…to
accomplish social benefits along with the traditional economic
gains which the firm seeks.
CSR implies bringing corporate behavior upto a level where it is
Sethi (1875) congruent with the prevailing social norms, values and
expectations.
Within the world of business, the main “responsibility” for corporations has
historically been to make money and increase shareholder value. In other words,
corporate financial responsibility has been the sole bottom line driving force.
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However, in the last decade, a movement defining broader corporate responsibilities–
for the environment, for local communities, for working conditions, and for ethical
practices–has gathered momentum and taken hold. This new driving force is known
as corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR is oftentimes also described as the
corporate “triple bottom line”–the totality of the corporation’s financial, social, and
environmental performance in conducting its business.
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technology has accelerated time and masked distance. Given this sea change in the
corporate environment, companies want to increase their ability to manage their
profits and risks, and to protect the reputation of their brands. Because of
globalization, there is also fierce competition for skilled employees, investors, and
consumer loyalty. How a company relates with its workers, its host communities, and
the marketplace can greatly contribute to the sustainability of its business success.
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1.1.5. CHALLENGES FOR USAID IN WORKING WITH THE
PRIVATE SECTOR ON CSR HEALTH PARTNERSHIPS
There will, of course, be many challenges along the road to building health
partnerships with the private sector. USAID and the private sector have differing
cultures, professional goals, ways of communicating and governance structures. This
can make it difficult and complex to build the mutual trust and commitment needed
for working together. Also, from the business perspective, the public sector and
NGO’s often fail on business benchmarks–on-time and on-budget performance. It will
be necessary to overcome these cultural and operational differences, in order to lay
the groundwork for a strong and lasting partnership. Another challenge will be for
USAID and the private sector to find a common ground on which to work. This will
require resourceful thinking, as there are no “cookie cutter approaches” to
partnership–each partnership will need to be especially tailored to fit each private
sector company or organization. Historically speaking, it has often been difficult for
the private sector and USAID to find a standard contracting mechanism that can
facilitate a medium -to long- term partnership: each partnership will have its own
financial, legal and contractual frameworks. These new challenges will require
innovative solutions and creative, flexible approaches.
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business objectives, the sustainability prospects of the health initiative are improved,
since some companies invest in a community for the long term. Successful CSR
partnerships can help raise awareness of public health issues among influential
corporate leaders. They can also help build American public support for international
health programs.
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mobilize resources for addressing international development issues. Both GDA and
corporate social responsibility partnerships aim to stimulate new technologies and
investments by bringing in new actors and ideas to the development arena. Both also
recognize the corporate sector as a powerful force for promoting greater productivity
and social change. Corporate social responsibility partnerships can be an effective
vehicle for USAID missions to draw in new resources, new ways of reaching target
populations, and innovative program initiatives.
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Food service company Sodexo allows staff to volunteer for work with its main charity
partner, Fare Share, which has a five-year goal of helping 100,000 people by
providing more than 30 million meals, using 20,000 tonnes of redistributed food every
year. To date, Sodexo employees have provided 700 hours of volunteer support,
including members of the executive team, who spent a couple of days at Fare Share's
Bermondsey food depot earlier this year.
Support Fresh Water Schemes
In a bid to support a charitable supplier, Aramark generates sales for the One Water
brand through its contracts. Water puts all its profits into buying water pumps to
create clear water systems in Africa.
Elsewhere, Imago, the hotel and conference arm of Loughborough University is
Fairtra de-accredited and donates 5p from every bottle of water sold to help fund a
rainwater harvesting scheme in a small village in India.
Pass On Your Technology
Contract caterer Baxter Storey donates its old PCs to Computer Aid International.
This charity refurbishes computers and provides them at a low cost to schools in the
developing world, to charities and so on. The knock-on effect is that it reduces
potential waste.
Look After Employee Health
The consequences of ensuring that your staff eat well and live healthily are obvious in
both business and CSR terms.
Aramark's Business Action on Health team is part of a Business in the Community
(BITC) campaign. This campaign highlights the business benefits of better health at
work, and is trying to make reporting on workplace health issues commonplace in UK
boardrooms.
It was also part of the subgroup developing the healthy eating toolkit, which has been
distributed to all FTSE100 companies.
Encourage Guests To Raise Funds
Many hospitality companies do this as a matter of course. Red Carnation hotels, for
instance, has for some years been asking guests to make a contribution of £1 per stay.
The company then matches the donation and has so far raised £38,000 for the Great
Ormond Street Hospital Tick Tock Club and more than £250,000 for the Starlight
Children's Foundation.
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Campaign Sponsorship
Many events and campaigns could not happen without industry support. For instance,
Aramark is one of the sponsors of British Food Fortnight, one the largest volunteer
movements educating children about food.
Besides encouraging schools to invite chefs into classrooms to teach children how to
cook, it celebrates British food through a range of promotions in pubs and restaurants.
Set up a Charity
Company charities provide a structured and tax-efficient way to support local
communities and charitable causes.
Sodexo's registered charity, the Sodexo Foundation, launched the UK-based STOP
Hunger campaign to combat poor nutrition in local communities. It does this by
teaching basic nutritional cooking skills. Sodexo covers the administrative costs and
staff raise the funds. So far, they have raised upwards of £250,000 since the
campaign's launch in 2005, by being sponsored to jump out of aeroplanes or run
marathons. They also help to feed people in disadvantaged communities through
breakfast clubs for vulnerable children or by providing food for the homeless.
Further, the Baxter Storey Foundation became a registered charity in July. The
company supports four causes each year, including industry charity Hospitality
Action, plus issues close to its employees' hearts, such as local charities, sponsorship
of sports teams, supporting individual talent, and worldwide causes.
Funds are generated through initiatives such as the London-to-Brighton bike ride, the
Three Peaks Challenge, and in 2009 a Baxter Storey team will be undertaking a
London-to-Paris bike ride. Baxter Storey has also recently launched a "Penny-per-
cup" scheme with sustainable coffee company First Choice Coffee. During the first
year, the scheme is expected to generate £70,000 for the charity.
Deputy chief executive William Baxter says: "As an employer of nearly 5,000 people,
we want to make sure that we're not only supporting the big charities but also offering
a helping a hand to lesser-known programmes and initiatives that are close to the heart
of our employees."
Catering supplier Apetito has set up a staff foundation, which isn't a charity but which
does champion the charitable and voluntary work carried out by its staff and their
children, raising £50,000 in community donations since it began in 2007. The
foundation has recently donated £500 to aid the work of African Joy, which collects
second-hand goods to recycle and send to African schools and hospitals.
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Recycle Office Supplies
Baxter Storey ensures that 100% of all disposable cups and packaging used by the
business are made from recycled, recyclable or biodegradable materials. All waste
paper is recycled and, at the end of 2006, the company changed from purchasing
virgin paper to 100% recycled paper, thus saving 2.4 tonnes of CO2 in 2007. Staff are
encouraged to print office paperwork on both sides of a sheet of paper and to recycle
afterwards.
Baxter Storey has also created printing hubs at its head office in Reading, reducing
the number of printers it uses by 50% despite office staffing having grown by 130%.
Support A Conservation Scheme
The Langdale Hotel and Timeshare Complex in the Lake District helped to found the
Tourism & Conservation Partnership (www.ourstolookafter.co.uk), a visitor pay-back
scheme.
Langdale's guests have raised nearly £145,000 through an option to donate when
paying their bill. The North West Regional Development Agency matches the
donations made by guests, and the hotel also makes regular donations. Since being
established 14 years ago, the partnership has raised £1m.
Cycle To Work
Giving staff incentives to leave their cars at home is proving popular among
hospitality operators and suppliers.
As part of Foster Refrigerator's Green Week, staff were encouraged to cycle or walk
to work, or to car-share. Those who did were entered into a prize draw to win store
vouchers and eco-friendly products, such as an eco kettle. Since the launch of Green
Week last year, 40% of Foster's staff have now chosen to walk or cycle to work
regularly.
Food service company Brookwood Partnership is providing cycle vouchers and
bicycle locks through a link with Faircare, which runs government-funded initiatives
to help employees buy bikes and equipment.
This scheme falls under the 1999 Finance Act for Tax Exemption and the
Government Green Transport Plan. Employees save as much as 50% on retail prices
through a salary-sacrifice scheme, whereby an amount is deducted each month from
their gross pay, which generates tax and NI savings for the employee and employer.
Brookwood allows the employees to benefit from the employer savings also. This
scheme is being relaunched, however, as initial take-up wasn't as high as was hoped.
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Cut Delivery Miles
In 2007, Sodexo swept away 360,000 road miles by working with supplier Brakes to
reduce deliveries to sites.
The company imposed a minimum order requirement to discourage "little and often"
deliveries, complemented by the use of software to plan routes more effectively. It
represents a reduction of 400 tonnes of CO2 compared with the previous year.
Purchasing in bulk can reduce the number of containers used.
Work with Local Producers
Increasingly, large-scale purchasers in the food service industry recognise that they
can play a big part in helping to maintain our countryside by supporting local farming
communities, seeking products from sustainable sources and looking to reduce
environmental impact.
Sodexo Healthcare, for instance, has worked with NHS Shetland since 1992 and, as
one of the largest employers on the Shetland Islands, sources as much as possible
locally, buying from the local baker, fishmonger and dairy. In its Scottish
Government contracts, 52% of meat sourced by Sodexo is Scottish.
BaxterStorey sources all fresh produce from producers in the UK that are part of
accreditation schemes such as Red Tractor, Welsh Lamb and Lion brand, and is
developing its policy for sourcing fish that meet the Marine Stewardship Council
(MSC) requirements (see number 17, below).
Spread the Word in Schools
The Year of Food and Farming is a business-led campaign endorsed by the
Department for Environmental and Rural Affairs (Defra). It aims to help children to
find out more about the countryside and where their food comes from, through visits
to farms, cookery workshops in schools and other first-hand experiences.
Representing the hospitality industry, Harvester pubs and Toby Grill (both brands
belonging to Mitchells and Butlers) and Sodexo provide sponsorship. Sodexo runs
cookery workshops at about 500 primary and independent preparatory schools across
the country, reaching as many as 9,000 children.
Programme director Tony Cooke says: "There is irrefutable evidence that experiences
such as making bread have a profoundly positive effect on children's relationship with
food."
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Help People with Disabilities
A team from the Radisson SAS hotel in Edinburgh has been working with Enable
Scotland, a charity that helps people with learning disabilities. In a recent project,
staff from the hotel have been working alongside young men to help them find stable
jobs. One initiative has been to help them plant trees from seed in Edinburgh's
Craigmillar Castle Park.
Set Your Staff a Challenge
Many companies support their staff in fundraising activities. For instance, a team of
20 Aramark employees recently did the Five Peaks Challenge to raise money for
Childline and Macmillan nurses. This meant climbing the five highest mountains in
Scotland, England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic within 48 hours.
Aramark raised £41,500 from the peak challenge and a race day which took place
around the same time.
Share Your Swimming Pool
The Langdale Estate in the Lake District has shown its commitment to the local
school by providing private use of its pool every Thursday during term-time for
swimming lessons.
Tap into Eco-Friendly Workers
Stowe Mountain Lodge, a new US$400m ski resort in Vermont, USA, has employed
eco-friendly artisans to build furniture and design features. The artisans use organic
materials and environmentally friendly practices. In-room lamps, for instance, have
been custom-designed by Simon Pearce, who uses a waterfall to generate electricity
and to operate a glassblowing furnace and potter's wheel.
Purchase from Sustainable Stocks
To preserve fish stocks, the key is not to purchase any fish species on the IUCN
Red List of Threatened Species.
Compass has become the first contract caterer to be able to trace the fish on its menu
back to the boat that caught it and subsequent fisheries, through gaining Marine
Stewardship Council (MSC) chain of custody traceability certification. So far, five of
its contracts are covered by the certification.
Protect Wildlife
There are many initiatives to preserve wildlife in country properties where, arguably,
the issue of sustainability is overtaking that of ecology.
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The Langdale Hotel and Timeshare Complex in Cumbria, for instance, is maintaining
bird-feeding stations, controlling grey squirrels and introducing red squirrel feeders,
and developing a bio-diversity management plan with Lancaster University. "We
don't have to do it," says general manager Nick Lancaster, "but our natural
surroundings are what bring the guests in the first place. If we are not prepared to
protect our surroundings, then we are not prepared to protect our business."
Serve Fairtrade
The hospitality industry has generally embraced Fairtrade products.
At the budget end, there are hotel companies such as Umi serving Fairtrade teas and
World Land Trust-approved Puro Coffee (every kilogram of Puro espresso sold sees
money given to buy and protect rainforest in South America), while the luxury end is
represented by hotels such as the Vineyard at Stockcross, in Berkshire, which has
taken on First Choice Coffee's Black and White automatic machines. These require
less training than other coffee equipment, and are thus suitable for a 24-hour hotel
environment.
Cavendish hotel in London's Jermyn Street uses Belu bottled mineral water, which
invests all of its profits in clean water projects, Fairtrade, Cafe Direct and Duchy
Originals.
Reward Greener Guests
The Cavendish hotel on Jermyn Street, London, offers a 50% discount on valet
parking charges for environmentally friendly vehicles. The list of qualifying vehicles
is taken from the Energy Savings Trust and includes hybrid cars, alternative fuel cars,
LPG-converted cars and electric cars. Users of the latter are offered facilities to
recharge their vehicles.
The Sundial venues and events group, which has accommodation in Surrey,
Northamptonshire and Warwickshire, offers delegates who travel by public transport,
or who car-share, a credit of £5 to spend in the bar.
Use Green Service Suppliers
There is a growing trend for hospitality companies to check out the eco-friendliness of
their service suppliers. The Crowne Plaza London hotel was the first hotel to join the
Green 500 - an initiative launched by the London Development Agency for 500 blue-
chip companies in the capital. One of the hotel's standpoints is to take on only
suppliers that meet its own green credentials. An example is its car supplier, Green
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Tomato Cars, which is an environmentally friendly private hire company that uses the
Toyota Prius hybrid and plants trees to make up for unavoidable emissions.
Educate Your Clients
To be fully green, the food service sector needs to ensure that its clients buy into the
environmentally friendly ethos.
Contract caterer Bartlett Mitchell runs green roadshows to explain to clients what the
company is doing to reduce its impact on the environment and to encourage them to
buy greener food and services. The roadshow team explains why the company prefers
to source organic or locally supplied food, and puts forward the benefits of using
recycled napkins and paper cups, starch plastic cutlery and so on in a bid to spread
sustainable, eco-friendly catering.
Educate Your Staff
Considerate Hoteliers says that hotels can reduce energy consumption by 20%
through regular staff training in the importance of being green. Staff can also take
what they learn into their everyday lives.
Sundial venues and events group is launching environmental seminars for its staff at
its properties in Surrey, Warwickshire and Northamptonshire. Kicking off the
initiative is George Martin, head of sustainability at Wilmott Dixon Construction's
rethinking business unit, who talks about sustainable development, changes in the
earth's atmosphere, legislation, sustainable procurement - and how all this could affect
the company.
Plant a Tree
While planting trees can't be an excuse for increasing carbon emissions, it does help
to mitigate pollution. Properly managed tree-planting schemes are good, no matter
what the motive.
Considerate Hoteliers linked with London charity the Westminster Tree Trust to
encourage hotels to sponsor a tree nearby in order to enhance the environment,
encourage bird life and help improve air quality.
The cost is £300 per tree, including planting, maintenance and replacement in the
event of failure. For an extra cost, the sponsor can have a brass plaque.
Participants include the Dorchester hotel in Park Lane, which has planted a London
plane tree opposite the hotel, and Luna House hotel in Belgrave Road, which
commissioned a tree outside the Passport Office. The Ritz is considering sponsorship
of trees in nearby Allington Street.
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1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
o To know different interpretation of CSR in small and medium enterprises of
Ludhiana.
o To know which type of social facility is provided in Ludhiana area.
o To assess how much money is spent by SMEs in Ludhiana.
o To assess the various reasons behind the CSR practises by SMEs in Ludhiana.
o To highlight the impacts of CSR practices on operations of the businesses of
SME’s.
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Research is, thus, an original contribution to the existing stock of knowledge making
for its advancement. The purpose of Research is to discover answers to the Questions
through the application of scientific procedures. This project has a specified
framework for collecting data in an effective manner. Such framework is called
“Research Design”. The research process followed consists of following steps:
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1.4.2.2 Sample Size: Sample size refers to the total number of items about which the
information is desired. The sample size of the study was 50.
1.4.2.3 Sampling Technique: The sampling techniques used was non- probability.
The researcher has to decide whether the information was to be obtained from every
unit of population under study or only a portion of population will be used. In this
study convenience sampling had been used. In this type of sampling where the
researcher selects the sample according to his or her convenience.
Primary Sources: Primary Data was obtained from respondents with the help
of widely used and well known method of survey. In this study primary data is
collected through questionnaire. Questionnaire was a list of questions given to
number of persons for them to answer. It secures standardized results that can
be tabulated and treated statistically. In this questions were presented with
exactly the same wordings and the same form to all the respondents.
4.3.2 Tools of Presentation and Analysis: In the current study, data has been
presented through figures and tables. After collecting the data has been analyzed
through charts, summated score and percentage to analyze the collected data. The data
should necessarily be condensed into few manageable groups and tables for further
analysis. Thus it helps to classify the raw data into some purposeful and useable
categories.
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Study was conducted in Ludhiana only. So the results of the study may not be
applicable in other areas.
Shortage of time for the detailed study of the project.
Some persons showed a very rude behaviour while filling the questionnaires.
Lack of awareness among the CSR benefits.
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2.1 INTRODUCTION TO SMALL MEDIUM ENTERPRISES
Definition of SME’s
SME’s are defined in different ways in different parts of the world. Some define them
in terms of assets, while others use employment, shareholder funds or sales as criteria.
Some others use a combination of revenue and employment as a hybrid criterion. The
definition of SME has been a contentious issue in India. In fact, the term, the term SSI
(Small Scale Industry) is more commonly used to refer to SME‟s. In recent years, the
Government of India has sought to provide greater clarity in this sector by specifying
a clear definition. In 2005, the definition of a Small enterprise was expanded to
include a two category classification- a. Enterprises engaged in
production/Manufacturing of goods for any industry b. Enterprises engaged in
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rendering/providing of services Enterprises in the manufacturing sector are defined in
terms of investment in plant and Machinery (excluding land & buildings) and further
classified into:-
Medium Enterprises Investment between Rs. 50 million & Rs. 100 million
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government that it should “suitably modify the existing cluster development schemes
by various ministries to include socially and environmentally relevant activities, thus
fostering inclusive growth”.
The government has made a provision of Rs 6,000 crore during the Eleventh Five-
Year Plan for improving infrastructure in different clusters of MSMEs. The UNIDO
said its recommendations on the corporate social responsibilities for the MSMEs have
been made based on studies done in five clusters. These are Ludhiana (knitwear
garments), Ludhiana (sports goods), Tiruchirapalli (engineering fabrication), Kalady
(rice milling), and Moradabad (brass metalware industries).
According to estimates, there are about 13 million small enterprises in the country
providing employment to more than 40 million people. These enterprises contribute
45 per cent of industrial production and 40 per cent of the direct exports of the
country.
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available to small SMEs, it was surprising how much engagement there was at the
community level.
New Updates on CSR
By Songbedna Bauri: Over the years, the concept of corporate social responsibility
(CSR) has evolved as a global initiative. The community outreach and sustainability
have now emerged as the standard practice for most of the businesses. It is believed
that the CSR activities are an important part of any organisation, especially when it
achieves a certain scale. It is also significant for the small and medium enterprises
(SMEs) that witness strong competition both at the global and domestic level from the
multinational companies (MNCs) on 21Jan, 2013-01-24.
Defining corporate social responsibility (CSR)
Corporate Social Responsibility are the practices and processes that businesses make
use to
Fulfil the needs of stakeholders lower any social or environmental harm
SMEs adopting CSR initiatives
In the past few years, SMEs have increasingly emphasised on strengthening their CSR
activities. It has been found that many of these small businesses have been adopting
prudent approach when dealing with CSR initiatives as meeting the costs acts as a
hindrance. There are certain simple and highly cost-effective means by which this
problem can be solved. Some of these include:
Find a person within the organisation who has the potential to drive the CSR
programme. Since most of the SMEs face difficulty in sparing a person whose sole
job is to run a programme, so it is possible to get those members of the company who
voluntarily want to take part in it. Their energy will be helpful in luring others to get
involved in this initiative.
SMEs can get an edge through community engagement. Ethical and socially
responsible firms have been found to be more attractive organisations. A proper CSR
programme, big or small, can be considered as an asset in the procurement process for
any company aiming to work in the central or public sector.
-It is important for SMEs to understand the true meaning of CSR programme and then
decide on the goals. Focus on the programme is essential and if any SME is
passionate about supporting education, theatre or local charities, then it needs to be at
the heart of the initiative.
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The SMEs can take help from other organisations, which are ready to support
responsible business objectives. These organisations offer extra resource, opportunity
and numbers to help small enterprises get involved in these activities.
As from the above it is clear that many respondents believe that CSR is just the
corporate version of personal integrity. It is also felt that SMEs with clear goal, CSR
and strong governance enjoy a much clearer compass for their business. SMEs
account for majority of businesses and are also responsible for about 60%
of employment in India. If CSR gets built into their corporate DNA, it would further
strengthen the socio-economic profile of the country.
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26
Table 3.1: Demographic Profile of Customers
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Q1 Are you aware of concept of corporate social responsibility?
90
80
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
20
10
0
Yes No
Analysis and Interpretation: From data and figure it has been found that 80% of
respondents are known to the theme of the social responsibility.
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Q2. Are you currently indulged in CSR activities?
Table 3.3:- Indulged in CSR Activity
Responses No. of Respondents Percentages
Yes 40 80
No 10 20
Total 50 100
90
80
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
20
10
0
Yes No
Analysis and Interpretation: From data and figure it has been found that 80% of
respondents are indulged in CSR activities and the remaining 20% are not..
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Q3. Why do companies engaged in CSR activities?
Table 3.4:- Reason of engagement in CSR activities
Reasons Strongly Agree Neither Disagree Strongly
agree agree Nor disagree
disagree
1 2 3 4 5
CSR helps in 10 20
Ensuring Business
ethics
CSR helps in
Contribution to
economic
development
CSR helps in
Ensuring benefits
to organisations
CSR helps in
Company Image
CSR helps in
Support to societal
and environmental
causes
CSR forms part of 49 39 10 1
my company’s
policy
CSR enables my 28 48 21 2
company to be a
good corporate
citizen
CSR ensures 24 34 33 6 2
sustainable
development of
both my
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company and the
community in the
long term
CSR helps in 17 47 22 10 3
employee
motivation
CSR helps in 12 51 31 5
retaining
consumers
5.7.1. CSR forms part of my company’s policy:- As total scores are 252 in
aggregate from which 49.49% respondents were strongly agree and 39.39%
respondents were agree and 10.10% respondents were those who neither agree nor
disagree and only 1.01% respondents were those who disagrees.
5.7.2. CSR enables my company to be a good corporate citizen:- As total scores
are 195 in aggregate from which 28.28% respondents were strongly agree and 48.48%
respondents were agree and 21.21% respondents were those who neither agree nor
disagree and only 2.02% respondents were those who disagrees.
5.7.3. CSR provides transparency in the areas of environmental impact and
human rights:- As total scores are 211 in aggregate from which 15.15% respondents
were strongly agree and 58.58% respondents were agree and 24.24% respondents
were those who neither agree nor disagree and only 2.02% respondents were those
who disagrees.
5.7.4. CSR enhances company’s corporate image:- As total scores are 200 in
aggregate from which 34.34% respondents were strongly agree and 39.39%
respondents were agree and 16.16% respondents were those who neither agree nor
disagree and only 10.10% respondents were those who disagrees.
5.7.5. CSR increase visibility as a community leader:- As total scores are 230 in
aggregate from which 14.14% respondents were strongly agree and 47.47%
respondents were agree and 30.30% respondents were those who neither agree nor
disagree and only 8.08% respondents were those who disagrees.
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5.7.6. CSR ensures sustainable development of both my company and the
community in the long term:- As total scores are 225 in aggregate from which
24.24% respondents were strongly agree and 34.34% respondents were agree and
33.33% respondents were those who neither agree nor disagree and 6.06%
respondents were those who disagrees and only 2.02% respondents were those who
strongly disagree.
5.7.7. CSR is based on what employees want:- As total scores are 232 in aggregate
from which 17.17% respondents were strongly agree and 47.47% respondents were
agree and 22.22% respondents were those who neither agree nor disagree and 10.10%
respondents were those who disagrees and only 3.03% respondents were those who
strongly disagree.
5.7.8. CSR is based on what society wants:- As total scores are 171 in aggregate
from which 38.38% respondents were strongly agree and 51.51% respondents were
agree and 9.09% respondents were those who neither agree nor disagree and only
1.01% respondents were those who disagrees.
5.7.9. CSR is based on what consumers want:- As total scores are 227in aggregate
from which 12.12% respondents were strongly agree and 51.51% respondents were
agree and 31.31% respondents were those who neither agree nor disagree and only
5.05% respondents were those who disagrees.
5.7.10. CSR is a governmental/ business obligation:- As total scores are 190 in
aggregate from which 44.44% respondents were strongly agree and 31.31%
respondents were agree and 13.13% respondents were those who neither agree nor
disagree and 10.10% respondents were those who disagrees and only 1.01%
respondents were those who strongly disagree.
5.7.11. CSR contributes to welfare of employees:- As total scores are 240 in
aggregate from which 11.11% respondents were strongly agree and 53.53%
respondents were agree and 19.19% respondents were those who neither agree nor
disagree and 14.14% respondents were those who disagrees and only 2.02%
respondents were those who strongly disagree.
As from the above it is clear that CSR contributes to welfare of employees have
maximum scores so this shows that most of the respondents believes on the welfare of
employees and CSR forms part of my company’s policy have minimum scores which
shows that respondents believes on it at a low basis.
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Q4 What are the impacts of CSR activities on the operations of their business
enterprises.
It helps in 50 47 2
increasing
Goodwill
It helps in 29 49 20 1
increasing
Profits
It helps in 18 52 28 1
increasing
Sales
It helps in 13 34 37 15
increasing
Productions
It helps in 13 43 21 19 3
increasing
Demand
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5.11.3 Sales:- As sales scored 210 in aggregate from which 18.18% respondents were
strongly agree and 52.52% respondents were agree and 28.28% respondents were
those who neither agree nor disagree and only 1.01% respondents were those who
disagrees.
5.11.4 Productions:- As productions scored 252 in aggregate from which 13.13%
respondents were strongly agree and 34.34% respondents were agree and 37.37%
respondents were those who neither agree nor disagree and only 15.15% respondents
were those who disagrees.
5.11.5 Demand:- As demand scored 253 in aggregate from which 13.13%
respondents were strongly agree and 43.43% respondents were agree and 21.21%
respondents were those who neither agree nor disagree and 19.19% respondents were
those who disagrees and 3.03% were those who strongly disagree.
From the above it shows that impact of CSR activities on the operations of businesses
of SME’s increases the demand very much because demand have maximum score
and least score is of goodwill.
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Q5. Are you willing to continue engage in future CSR activity?
Table 3.6: Willing To Continue Engage In Future CSR Activity
Response No. of Respondents Percentage
Yes 30 60
No 20 40
Total 50 100
70
60
60
50
40
40
30
20
10
0
Yes No
Analysis and Interpretation: From data and figure it has been found that 60% of
respondents are willing to continue in future CSR activities and the remaining 40%
are not.
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FINDINGS OF THE STUDY
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5.1 CONCLUSION OF THE STUDY
There was no homogeneous definition of the term Enterprise Social Responsibility
given by the respondents. Majority distinguishes taking care of the labour as an
enterprise internal action and externally infer as involving in community welfare.
Implementation of CSR activities is to the most part driven by the personal values of
the entrepreneur. Across all interviewed Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises,
Internal CSR activities are discernible by some preferences, such as labour welfare,
health care as well as Environment. However, Training and Development and
Transparency were least preferred. Across all interviewed SME’s, External CSR
activities are dominated by charity donations, and significantly behind health, and
environment in the Community in uniform distribution followed by education as well
as creation of social environment, which is not that emphasized. The Micro Small &
Medium Enterprises developed their own approach, and prove that CSR agenda acts
as a motivator internally and externally due to the religious sensitivities of the
Entrepreneurs and due to the care towards the labour welfare. Collective CSR
activities were initiated by the financially stronger enterprises in the SME, and
cooperated with the NGO/Local Charity institutions in their implementation and
expending a lot of money for the benefit of society. Involvement in CSR is for
ensuring business ethics, contribution to economic development, ensuring benefits to
organisations and support to society by that it affects the operations of the businesses
too like helps in increasing the goodwill of the business, demand of the products of
the business, production and sales of the business enterprises. So this shows that CSR
is playing a vital role in the businesses and it’s the duty of every organisation to do
some social welfares which will help in the development of the nation.
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6.1 RECOMMENDATIONS
Following Recommendations have been suggested by me on the basis of the research
conducted by me:-
There is need to guide every person of the society about the meaning of CSR.
There is need to guide the ways through which SMEs can perform the CSR
activities.
There is need to provide some tax benefits to SMEs on the social services by
that there should be more contribution.
There should be proper camps regarding the social facilities like education,
environment, de-addiction, employment, etc.
SMEs should be guided how CSR activities can help in the operations of their
organisations like goodwill, sales, demand, etc.
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42
REFERENCE
43
44
QUESTIONNAIRE
CSR helps in
Ensuring Business
ethics
CSR helps in
Contribution to
economic
development
CSR helps in
Ensuring benefits
to organisations
CSR helps in
Company Image
CSR helps in
Support to societal
and environmental
causes
CSR forms part of
my company’s
policy
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CSR enables my
company to be a
good corporate
citizen
CSR ensures
sustainable
development of
both my
company and the
community in the
long term
CSR helps in
employee
motivation
CSR helps in
retaining
consumers
Q4 What are the impacts of CSR activities on the operations of their business
enterprises.
It helps in 50 47 2
increasing
Goodwill
It helps in 29 49 20 1
increasing
Profits
It helps in 18 52 28 1
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increasing
Sales
It helps in 13 34 37 15
increasing
Productions
It helps in 13 43 21 19 3
increasing
Demand
Thanks.
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