Hot Air Oven

Operating Procedure

 Plug the mains lead into the mains socket and the
lead socket in the mains socket on the back of the
instrument.

 The materials to be sterilized are placed on the

perforated shelves of the oven.

 After heating the contents of the oven for two hours

at 160 0C, the articles are allowed to remain there,
till the temperature comes down to 40 0C.

 The sterilized material is removed from the oven

after completion of specified time.

 Switch of the Instrument .

 Digital Top Loading Balances
OPERATING PROCEDURE

 After 15 to 30 minute warm-up, press the tare

key and zero the balance

 Place the standard weight on the pan.

 Press the set up key to calibrate the balance.

(The Balance will calibrate only if variation is
+90gm).

 Remove the standard weight tare the balance

place standard weight again on the pan to check
and ensure calibration has been completed.

 Remove standard weight and proceed with

sample weighing. No other adjustments to the
balance are to make. Removal of the cover can
affect the operation and will void the warranty.

pH meter
 Operating procedure
 Connect the power cable to 230V A/c pin power socket
(Earth to pH meter must be perfect).
 Fix the Electrode in to the stand clip.
 Insert the combined Electrode in Socket written “COM”
 Keep the” selector” in pH position and check / read switch to
check position and Temp comp at 30C
 Switch ‘ON’ the instrument by switch which is at rear of the
Instrument.
 Adjust’ Calibrate/SET-7.00 control to make the reading 7:00
pH.
 Wash the Electrode with distilled water and wipe of the
moisture.
 Dip electrode in standard 4.00 pH buffer and set ‘Temp.
Comp’ to the temperature of this buffer. Stir the beaker for a
while.
 Bring the switch to read position, the reading shall be 4.01 at
30C
 If it is not happening adjust ‘lmp. Adj/SET-BUFFER: to do so.
 Keep the switch in check position Switch to pressed (or)
check position. Remove the Electrode from buffer. Wash
wipe of moisture and dip in unknown solution.
 After a minutes put the switch to read position and read pH
of the solution
Note: For auto temperature compensation temperature is adjusted
automatically.

Digital Potentiometer
 Operating procedure

 Fit the glass and reference electrodes in the spring clip of

the electrode holder. And attach the electrode leads to the
Red and the Blank sockets of the instrument of the back
panel.

 Insert the main lead to 230V, AC socket and switch ON

the instrument.

 Put the left selector switch to STAND BY position

Display shows 000±1.

 Carefully dip both the electrodes into the solution under

test

 Put the left selector switch to “mV” position

 Select the appropriate range i.e. 200mV or 2000 mV with

right selector switch

 The display shows the reading directly in mV’s

 Similarly mV reading can be taken with other indicator

and reference electrodes.
 POLARIMETER
Operating procedure

o Set up the instrument on the bench with the analyzer

head facing the operator, and an illuminated sodium lamp
attached either to the bracket on the instrument base, or
on the tripod stand, in direct line with the axis of the
instrument and about four inches from the end.

o Focus the top eyepiece to show the scale and index line.

o Observing through the scale telescope (1) turn the control

wheel (2) until the scale reads 0on the upper scale.
Without disturbing the setting, transfer the eye to the
field telescope (3) and focus to obtain a circular disc of
light.

o By means of the control wheel, move the scale a few

degree about the first position, observing the effect on
the field.

o It will be observed that the field is divided into to halves

rapidly changing in intensity as the control is moved, and
that between the extremes of blackout of the two halves,
a position may be found that gives equal intensity.

o This is the balance position and is used in all

measurements.
 High Precision Balance
Operating procedure
 Press Ø key to turn the balance on: the default mode is
weighing mod
 Press © key to choose the needed unit.
 Tare function

 Put a container on the pan and press Ø when the display reading
is stable.
 The tare weight will be stored into memory and display will be
brought to zero. Tare indicator in the display will appear.
 The weight added here afterwards will be displayed as net weight.
 Remove both the container and the objects, the display will show
the weight of the container companied by a negative sign.
 To cancel the tare mode, press the tare key again to cancel tare
mode.
 Tare range: Up to balance’s maximum capacity.

 Zero function

 Press Ø key to return the display to the center of zero if the zero
shifts during operation.
 Zero Range: ±5% of max. capacity

UV-Visible Spectrophotometer
 Operating procedure
o Insert the main lead switch ON the instrument.
o Please wait for 2 minutes for wavelength display to
appear after switching ON the instrument.
o Wavelength Selection
 The wavelength can be selected using the two
switches provided on the right side of the
instruments viz SET ↑ key and ENTER ↓ key.
o Single Step Change Mode
 In this mode, the wavelength can be changed by
pressing the ↑ or ↓ key respectively on pressing
the ↑ key, the wavelength increments precisely by
0.1nm
o Set Wavelength Mode
 In this mode, the desired wavelength can be set
on the digital wavelength readout and the grating
gets slewed to the desired wavelength
automatically.
o Spectral Selection
 Depending upon the desired spectral region of
operation, the lamp and the order cut off filter is
selected.
 UV Spectral Region (190-350nm)
 Switch the UV Rocker switch to ON position on the front
panel.
 Ensure that the order cut-off filter in sample compartments
is not in the light path
 Turn the UV VIS Control on the front panel clockwise to
UV position
 Allow minimum 15 minutes of warm up time.
 VIS Spectral region (350 -1000nm)
 Switch the VIS rocker switch to ON position of the front
panel
 Rotate the UV-VIS control knob to the anti clockwise
direction
 If the desired wavelength is in 350 -600nm range, ensure
that the order cut off filter is not in the light path. This filter
is present in the sample compartment and can be shifted by
opening the lid and moving the filter.
o If the desired wavelength is in 600-1000nm range,
then ensure that the order Cut Off filter is in the light
path.
 Allow minimum 10 minutes warm up times.
 C.Cuvettes Placement
 Pull the lid of the sample holder to access cuvettes. Push
the CUV-SEL control fully IN. Insert blank solution in the
first position of cuvette holder.
 Pull the CUV-SEL control outwards by one step and insert
blank filled cuvette in the 2nd position
 Again pull the CUV – SEL Outward by one step and insert
sample in third and forth position
 Pull the lid to close the cuvette compartment
 Switch ON the power switch at the rear to switch the
instruments ON Grating will slew, wavelength (λ) Display
will be OFF.
 ANALYTICAL BALANCE
Operating procedure

 Material spilled on the balance pans or base

must be cleaned up.
 Balance must be tested to see that it swings
freely and is in adjustment before each weighing
is made.
 Sample must not be weighed directly up on
balance pans.
 Balance doors must be closed when the final
weighing is made.
 The arrangement of beam must be lowered
slowly when setting the balance swinging.
 The beam must be raised and the pans arrested
before weight is added to or removed from
pans.
 The object to be weighed is usually placed in left
hand pan and weights on right hand side.
 Maximum load up to 200gms.
 Weights smaller than 0.01gm can be handled by
use of rider which is placed on graduated scale
along the top of balance beam.
 When a weighing has been completed a check
should be made to see that the beam is
arrested, the weights are in their correct places
 DIGITAL pH METER
Operating procedure
o Connect the power cable to 230 v A/C 3Pin power
socket (Earth to pH meter must be perfect).
o Fix the electrode in to the stand clip.
o Insert the combined Electrode in Socket written
“COM”.
o Keep the “SELECTOR” in pH position and check /read
switch to check position and Temple Comp at
30degrees.
o Switch ‘ON’ the instrument by switch is at rear of the
instrument.
o Adjust ‘Calibrate’ / SET-7.00 control to make the
reading 7:00pH.
o Wash the Electrode with distilled water and wipe of the
moisture.
o Dip electrode in standard 4.00 pH buffer and set ‘Temp.
Comp’ to the temperature of this buffer. Sir the breaker
for a while.
o Bring the switch to read position; the reading shall be
4.01 at 30degrees.
o If it is not happening adjust ‘Imp. Adj/Set –BUFFER: to
do so.
o Keep the switch in Check position Switch to pressed
(or) check position. Remove the Electrode from buffer,
wash wipe of moisture and dip in unknown solution.
o After a min put the switch to read position and read pH
of the solution.

 Note: for auto temperature compensation temperature is

adjusted automatically.
 OINTMENT FILLING MACHINE
Operating procedure

 Fill the paste/ointment to be filled in the collapsible

tubes in the hopper depending upon the tubes to be
filled.
 Select the nozzle depending upon the size of the tube
say we wish to use 12mm nozzle and place it. It may
be noted that each nozzle is having threaded by which
it can be threaded to the outlet of the collapsible tube
filling machine.
 By lifting the plunger downwards, the paste/ointment
is filled in the tube. You have to hold the tube at the
outlet of the nozzle and stop the plunger as soon as the
tube is filled.
 Repeat the above step till you fill all the tubes or if
you have to fill the tubes of higher capacities, change
the nozzle for ease of operation
 CUTTER MILL
Operating procedure

 Plug the mains lead into the mains socket.

 Switch on the mains and the rollers are allowed to

rotate.

 The materials are fed from the hopper into the gap
between the two rollers.

 The material is crushed while passing through the

rollers under high pressure.

 The gap between the rollers can be adjusted to control

the degree of size reduction.
 The product is collected into a receiver.

TRAY DRYER
Operating procedure

o Plug the mains lead into the mains socket and the

lead socket in the mains socket on the back of the

instrument.
o Now switch on the dryer after, wet solid mass is

loaded into trays.

o Trays are placed in the drying chamber.

o Fresh air is introduced through inlet, which

passes through the heater and gets heated up.

o Constant temperature and uniform air flow over

the material can be maintained for uniform

drying.
o In case of wet granules drying is continued until

the desired moisture content is obtained.

o At the end of drying trays are pulled out of the

chamber and taken to a tray dumping station.

 MECHANICAL SIEVE SHAKER
Operating procedure

 Plug the mains lead into the mains socket.

 Place the sieves on the sieve holder; it holds the series of
8 in. diameter Tyler standard scale testing sieves.
 Switch on the sieve shaker after keeping the sieves on
sieve holder.
 Both speed and stroke are fixed and are not adjustable;
this ensures the comparability between a no. of sieves
tests.
 The machine can handle from one to thirteen screens at a
time and is equipped with a timer to run the machine for
a pre determined time.
 DISINTEGRATION TEST APPARATUS
Operating procedure

 Plug the mains lead into the mains socket and the lead
socket in the mains socket on the back of the instrument.
 Now switch on the disintegration test apparatus, unless
otherwise stated in the individual monographs, introduce
one tablet/capsule into each tube and add a disc to each
tube.
 Suspend the assembly in the beaker containing the
specified liquid and operate the apparatus for the
specified time.
 Remove the assembly from the liquid.
 After this as per the slandered table given in IP/ BP /
USP measure the disintegration time.
 Repeat the test as per defined in the prescribed
monographs

OVEN
Operating procedure

o Open the Oven door, place the reaction vessel on

the turn table in the oven, and close the oven
door.
 Set the power selector {1} to the desired power level.
There are five power levels from 90 watts to 600max.
 Set the timer {2} to the desired time.
 Precautions
 Each number on the scale represents one minute. To
ensure accurate timing, it is advisable to turn the timer
knob slightly past the desired cooking time and then
back to the proposed setting.
 Press the door opener to check the reaction condition
during oven operation.
 Opening the door during running automatically turns
off the oven and stops the timer.
 If the reaction is to continue, close the door – the oven
will turn on and the timer will resume counting.
 The turntable may rotate in either direction.
 CLEANING: Be sure the oven is turned off before
cleaning.
 MAGNETIC STIRRER
Operating procedure

 Place the glass beaker containing the solution to be stirred on the

top plat approximately in the centre and immerse stirring paddle in
to the solution connect the magnetic stirrer to the supply. The pilot
lamp is now illuminated. The revolution of stirring paddle is
slowly regulated from the minimum up to the required speed by
means of the step less speed regulator.
 When thicker solution is stirred and speed is increased too quickly
it may occur that the stirring paddle cannot follow the rotation of
the magnet and consequently stops rotating. In this case it is
necessary to stop the stirring operation and to start again beginning
with the lowest speed.
 Sometimes magnetic field on the motor itself may not-start rotating
at the lowest speed position of the speed regulator. But it can only
start rotating beyond half the position of the speed regulator. In this
case it is necessary to stop the stirring operation and to start again
beginning with the lowest speed.
 Sometimes magnetic field on the motor itself may not-start rotating
at the lowest speed position of the speed regulator. but it can only
start position half the way and first allow magnet to take speed,
then gradually reduce it to the lower speed.
 High/low switch is incorporated at the side of the stirrer to obtain
as and when required the minimum stirring speed to the quality
and viscosity of the liquid.
 For the low stirring speed, set the switch to the “L” position and
for the high stirring speed set the switch to “H” position.
 Warning:
Always ensure that the speed and heat control knobs are set to the
“O” position and the corresponding switches are in off position
BEFORE the magnetic stirrer is connected to the power supply.
Place the magnetic stirrer on a rigid level table or bench which is
free from vibration. Connect the magnetic stirrer to 230 volts A.C.
mains having proper earthing.
 LAB STIRRER
Operating procedure

 Place the beaker or vessel containing the media

which is to be stirred inside the U/A stand and
immerse the stirring shaft into the required level.

 This can be arranged by adjusting the elbow on the

vertical support rod the level of stirring propeller also
could be determined after doing some experiment on
the media which is to be stirred.

 The propeller or the stirring shaft is twisted to certain

angle and further stirring may be done after doing the
experiments by the actual user.

 Now the stirrer may be regulated slowly by means of

the speed regulator.
  Depending on the stirring load, some times motor
may not start rotating at low speed position of speed
of regulator position half way, allow the speed to
pick-up and then gradually reduce it to the required
lower speed.

Operating procedure for Dissolution Test

Apparatus

Transparent plastic Perspex Bath with cover and 1000 cc vessel made
from Corning Glass.

Bath is fitted with 500 Watts heater.

Electric motor provided with electronic speed regulator which varied

from 25 R.P.M TO 250 R.P.M approx.

A stainless Steel stirring Rod fitted with Electric Motor to rotate smooth
and without any perceptible wobble in the vessel.

A thermostat is provided to maintain water temperature at 37 oC only

distilled water should be filled in Bath before operation.
The apparatus consists of a 36 mesh stainless steel basket.

The basket is placed at the end of the stirring shaft of a variable speed
motor.

The tablets are placed in the basket, which is then immersed in the
dissolution fluid and rotated at 100 rpm.

The sample fluid are removed at decided intervals and fluid volume is
immediately made up by using equal to that fluid volume removed for
sampling purpose.

Complete unit supplied with 3 core and plug to work on 220 Volt A.C.
Operating procedure for MONSANTO HARDNESS TESTER

 The tablet to be tested is placed between the spindle anvils.

 And the pressure is applied by turning the screw knob to hold the
tablet in position.
 The reading of the indicator on the scale is adjusted to zero.
 Now the pressure is applied until the tablet breaks.
 Note the reading.

Operating procedure for SUPPOSITORIES MOULD

 The suppositories mould is made of Brass.
 These moulds are calibrated by adding the sufficient quantity of
melted base into the cavities.
 After the calibration all the components of base are melted on a
steam bath and the medicament is added.
 The melted mass is then added into the suppository moulds.
 Now allow to congeal and keep in refrigerator for thirty minutes to
get hardened.
 The top of the suppositories is then trimmed of with a spatula.
  The mould screw is loosened and the suppositories are ejected by
pushing them gently from the bottom.

Operating procedure for WATER BATH

 Ensure that sufficient amount of water is available in the water
bath
 Ensure that the instrument is properly connected to power
supply.
 Fill the bath to the level little above the falls bottom
 Switch on the supply. Put the toggle switch On.
 Set the thermostat knob to the required temperature and rising in
the temperature is indicated by glowing the RED INDICATOR
LAMP.
 When required temperature is reached, the RED INDICATOR
LAMP will go OFF.
 The bath is then allowed to work .
 After completion of heating process , reduce the temperature to
zero , by rotating the temperature setting knob to zero position.
 Switch off the power supply and allow the bath to cool to the
desired temperature before the control knob is turned
backwards . This is to eliminate unnecessary strain on the
thermostat..CLEANING
  The calibration done by external agency

Operating procedure for SINGLE PUNCH TABLET MACHINE

Stage 1:

 Top punch is withdrawn from the die by the upper cam.

 Bottom punch is low in the die so powder falls in through the hole
and fills the die.

 The granules are fed from the hopper into the feeding shoe ,which
guides the material into the die cavity.

Stage 2:

 Bottom punch moves up to adjust the powder weight-it raises and

expels some powder

Stage 3:

 Top punch is driven into the die by upper cam.

 Bottom punch is raised by lower cam.

 Both punch heads pass between heavy rollers to compress the

powder

Stage 4:

 Top punch is withdraw by the upper cam.

 Lower punch is pushed up and expels the tablet.

Tablet is removed from the die surface by surface plate

Operating procedure for FRIABILITY TEST APPRATUS DOUBLE DRUM

OPERATION :

 Used for tablets to determine the determine the durability at the

time of production.

 A transparent plastic Perspex drum 300 mm Diameter x 35 mm

deep with cover approx.

 Also shaped radial fixed blades which the tablets along with it up
to the central height and let them off while drum is rotation, thus
the tablet rub against each other without any hard impact.

 The drum rotates at a fix speed of 30 R.P.M by geared motor.

 Electric timer in between 1 to 5 R. P.M/ Digital revolution

counter(preset counter) The motor unit is covered in steel cabinet
controls the rotation period and shaft extended on one side which
the plastic drum rotate.

 Tablets are weighed before and after the test and the difference is
weight for a particular time prior indication the rate of abrasion.
  Compressed tablet should not lose more than 1% of their weight.

 This friabilator evaluates the ability of the tablet to withstand

abrasion in packing, handling and shipping.

Operating procedure for HOT PLATE – STIRRER

 Ensure that the Hot plate has been electrically tested.

 Examine the electrical cable.
 Turn on the stirrer and hot plate.
 Place beaker with the solution on the hot plate.
 If the temperature is over 45ºC be careful, touching the apparatus
surface may burn you.
a) Wear Heat Proof Gloves as required.
b) Place a “HOT SURFACE” sign at the hot plate
when in use.
c) Do not use Mercury thermometer – (use only
alcohol thermometers).
 When completed, turn off.
 Remove the “Hot Surface” Sign when the hot plate has cooled
down.
Operating procedure for HAND OPERATED CAPSULE FILLING MACHINE

 For filling, empty capsules are placed in the machine.

 A clamp provided in the lower plate holds the capsule bodies and
removes and replaces the caps mechanically.

 The lower plate can hold three sizes of the capsules in the
perforations.

 In the initial step separation of cap from the body.

 Filling the body of the capsule with active pharmaceutical

ingredient and additives.

 Rejoining the cap and the body.

  Imperfect capsules are sorted out by visual checking method.

Operating procedure for SIMPLE DISTILLATION OPERATION :

 Select a distillation flask and fix it to the stand.

 Take a double holed cork and fix it to the stand.
 Fix thermometer in one hole of the cork.
 Fix the condenser in the other hole of the cork.
 Arrange water line to the condenser.
 Prepare different compositions of mixtures of acetic acid and water
 Place the first mixture (40ml acetic acid + 10 ml water) in the
distillation flask.
 Heat the distillation flask and distill until a constant temperature is
reached i.e. no further increase in temperature.
 At this movement ,note the temperature of the thermometer which is
boiling point of mixture of acetic acid + water .
 Collect about 5ml of condensate in a small beaker and simultaneously
measure 1gm of distillate using a weighing bottle.
 Transfer the 1 gm of distillate to a conical flask and titrate with 1 N
sodium hydroxide using phenolphthalein as indicator.
 Determine the weight of acetic acid present in 1gm sample.
 At the same time the remaining weight from the 1gm sample will give
us the weight of water present in the mixture.
 Determine mole fraction of acetic acid and water present in the
distillate.
 Similarly determine the mole percentage of acetic acid and water in
the contents of the distillation flask.

 Repeat the entire experiment for the remaining three samples and
determine different compositions of acetic acid and water in liquid as
well as water phase.
 Construct boiling point diagram by plotting percentage composition
of acetic acid and water on x-axis and the corresponding boiling
points on y-axis.
Operating procedure for COATING PAN

 Standard coating pan systems consist of circular metal pan.

 This pan is mounted on stand angularly.
 It is rotated in horizontal axis by a motor.
 Coating is normally applied by spray pan method.
 And the tablets are fed into the pan through the circular opening.
 It is connected with inlet for supply of warm air.
 There is provision of outlet for exhaust.

Operating procedure for DISINTEGRATION TEST APPARATUS

  Used for determination of disintegration of time of Tablets.

 The test equipment consists of 1 liter Beaker.

 Tablet can be tested simultaneously through motorized shaft moves up and

down direction of 28 to 32 R.P.M approx.

 Carrying a rigid basket rack assembly. On the upper end of the shaft is fitted
a horizontal strip to support cylindrical standard size glass tubes with
stainless steel wire gauge bottom.

 Cylindrical basket moves up and down with standard perforated made of

acrylic sheet inside in one liter glass beaker of distilled water.

 Unit having hot plate rating 65 watts fixed on the top for BEAKER

 Temperature can be maintained by thermostat in between 35 C to 37o C.

 The tablets are kept immersed in the liquid within the tubes by the
cylindrical guided disc.

 One tablet is placed in each of the six tubes of the basket and disc is added
to each tube.

 The tablet pass the test if all six have disintegration in not more than 15
minutes.

 Disintegration time for coated and enteric coated tablets should not exceed
1 and 3 hours respectively.

Operating procedure for DOUBLE CONE BLENDER

OPERATION :

 Check and make sure that Double cone blender has been
autoclaved.
 Adjust the angle of the blender with the help of a moving
wheel to a required position for convenience in loading the
materials.
 Load the materials from the container to the blender .
 After loading the materials, close the lid of the blender.
 Put the safety pin on the lid and fit it properly within its
groove. Lock the blender lid by moving the wheel in clockwise
direction.
 Before starting the operation, ensure that the lid and the safety
pin lock has been assembled properly.
 Put the safety guard before commencement of the operation.
 Switch on the equipment and note down the starting time.
 To unload the material, Remove the safety guard.