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    18 views5 pages

    General Motion PDF

    Uploaded by

    Kayla Ho

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 5
    en en nt the eration fer the ‘until y of the After stant (CiiarreR 11: GeNeRAT. MovION WN A StRAIGHT LINE 181 28 A load is being lifted by a crane and moves in a vertical straight line. Initially the load is, the ground and after # seconds its velocity v ms" (measured upwards) is given by v=31(¢—3)(¢—4) for Or (@) Sketch the (¢,») graph for the motion of the load, Oe acceleration. ate when the magnitude of the acceleration is greatest, and calculate this greatest (©) State when the load is a its highest point, and find the acceleration at this instant. (@) Find the height ofthe Toad above the ground when 1=3 and when = 4 (©) Sketch 2 graph showing the height of the load for 4 (®) Find the total distance moved by the load. Miscellaneous exercise 11. st 1 A particle starts from 0 and moves along a straight line, At time r seconds its displacement from O is x em and its velocity is (10:~#") ems“ (a) Find x in terms of ¢ (b) Find an expression for the acceleration of the particle in terms of ¢ (©) Find the distance covered and the velocity at the moment when the acceleration is 2er0. (@) Find the average velocity of the particle during the first 3 seconds. Show that this is Tess than the actual velocity after 1.5 seconds. (ocr) 2 A particle is travelling on the x-axis. Its velocity v ms“! is given by v= 6(2~#)(2t-9) where 1 is the time in seconds. (a) Find the time at which the speed of the particle in the positive direction is greatest. Caleutate the speed at this time, (b) The figure, which is not to scale, shows the velocity-time graph for the ‘motion of the particle inthe time 4 > interval 0 1 5. Write down the values of ¢ and v at each of the points A, B, C and D. (©) Att=0, the particle is 61m from O in the positive direction. Calculate the position of the particle when it is first instantaneously at rest. 4 ast) ¢ ro) (@) Determine how many times the particle passes through the origin O (©) Give a brief description of the motion of the particle between the points B and D shown in the figure. (MED L ms. Find its speed (29° a 3. A particle starts from rest Its acceleration after ¢ seconds is ‘and how far it has moved after 2 seconds. 4 Mecuantcs ‘The (f.) graph for a motoreyclist travelling on a straight course is al shown in the figure, for 0<1= 60, 0 where # is the time measured in seconds and v is the velocity measured in ms“, Show that the total distance travelled during the 60 seconds is greater than 800 m. ot 7% @ 10 Explain how you could use the (t,») graph to estimate the time at which the motorcyclist was accelerating at 2ms-*, (OCR) \ A loaded fork-lift truck stars from restand travels ina stright line (m4 120,150) 480.150) Tomapom A wspom Bhs | rs) unloaded at B before returning directly to A, coming to rest at A ‘The (f,x) graph for the motion as shown in the diagram, where 555.15) ‘x metres isthe displacement from 00) WsIOD FO A after 1 seconds, The coordinates of the points marked 0, P,Q, R,S, T,U and V are as shown on the diagram, and PQ, RS and TU are all straight line segments. Find the speed of the truck at each of the following times: (@ 1-60, (b) 1=300, (©) 12525 Making the assumption that the acceleration or retardation of the truck is constant in each of the time intervals 0<1<20, 100 <1<120, 480<1<495 and 555 <1< 570. (@) sketch the (¢,») graph for the motion of the truck for 0 <1< 570, (©) calculate the acceleration of the ruck during the interval 0.<1-< 20. (ocr) A particle moving in a straight line has displacement x metres after ¢ seconds for where x=1 120? 210418. (8) Find the displacement, velocity and ac o=t ration when the time is zer0, (b) Find the time, velocity and acceleration when the displacement is zero. (©) Find the time, displacement and acceleration when the velocity is zero. (@ Find the time, displacement and velocity when the acceleration is zero. A particle moving on the x-axis has displacement x metres from the origin O after £ seconds for 0 ¢< 5, where x= *(1-2\(t-5) (@) For what values of ¢ is the particle on the positive side of 0? (b) For what values of 1 is the particle moving towards O? (©) For what values of ¢ is the force on the particle directed towards 07 > D1 (ocr) each, (OcR) 7 (CHAPTER 11: GenERAL. MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE 183 8 The displacement, x metres, of a particle moving on the x-axis ata time ¢ seconds after it 5 for O< t= starts to move is given by and by x (@) Verify that both formulae give the same value for x when (b) Find the value of i for which there is no sudden change of velocity when = 1 For the res of the question, take Kk to have the value you found in part (b) (©) Show that the particle stays on the same side of O throughout the motion. (@) Whats the greatest distance of the particle from 0? (©) For what values of ¢ isthe force on the particle acting in the postive direction? 9 A dattery-operuted toy dog starts at a point O and moves in a straight line, Its motion is modelled by the o. velocity-time graph in the figure. ear (@) Calculate the displacement from ts 0 ofthe toy after 10 seconds, (i after 16 seconds ° aoe (0) Weite down expressions for the velocity ofthe toy atime £ seconds inthe intervals Os1sd ad 4<1<8. (©) Obtain expressions forthe displacement from 0 ofthe toy atime # seconds inthe intervals 0-1 4 and 4<1<8, (@ An alternative model forthe motion of the toy inthe interval 0° £5 10 is 2(101—12) where» isthe velocity in ems" Cateuate the diffrence in the displacement from O after 10 seconds as predicted by the two models (nen 10 A cyclist is travelling along a straight road. The (t,y) graph in the figure, where 1 is measured in seconds and v is measured in m s“!, consists of three line segments and models the first 250 seconds of the eyclist’s journey ‘The cyclist has a constant speed of V ms" in the interval 60 = r= 160. (@) Find an expression, in terms of V , for the distance travelled, in metres, by the cyclist in the frst 200 seconds. © an that the average speed of the cyclist inthe interval 0 find V (©) Hence find the distance of the cyclist from his starting point at the end of the 250 seconds. (ocr) ° lection 6N s gle ys Answers 12. 3.14 Nin the direction ofthe force of jude 17N;0.127 13242, 3.80 14 231N horizontally tothe right, 115 downwards parallel tothe incline, zero 15 (@) 104, 72N upwards (©) 104N, 3 upwards (©) 176, 118 downwards 16 0.718 17 (@ 21, 15 (©) (i) Both greater (i) Both greater (6) As 0 increases, T decreases, P decreases until @= 30 and then inereases; when 0, P=100 and T= 173N 48 (@) 108N, 878N — () None (©) Both increase; the tensions would have no vertical resolved part. 19 231N 20 (b) 436N, 234° 21 2.63.N 0.262 11 General motion in a straight line Exercise 11A (page 173) v2 +4, a= 645 22m, 16ms", 12m: 42m, Rms", I8ms Om, 10ms*, 14s ims“, -Ims 6ms", jms 28; -24ms', -24ms* 5s; 20m 130m 10 Ams? 127m, 28ms" 2 22m, -} By 14 21m, s4m 15 10(12/-7)N 16 (a) 64ms (0) 48N 17 @ 18ms" (bo) Ams™ 18 (@) 1208, 1380m —(&) 0384ms* ©) LSms? @) 80s, 205ms" 201 19 @) (A)20ms", (B)160ms™ (B), because »=0 when t= 3 20 (@) 952m, 624s" () -410ms*, -loms ©) 40ms" (@ 405 Exercise 11B (page 178) 1 caf +8+4; 28m, 20ms 2 y=l0r-2 4, r= }(23-8r+ 10 uhm, Ams", 10m 2m, 62 3 42, 7ms, ims 3 20m 6 Gm 1 6m 8 ~6ms* 9 2m 10 10m 1 26m 2 12m 13 582m 4 72m 15 285m 16 13688m 17 @ Sim @)4m © 4m Cm; Sh 18 499m5" 19 im 20 90m 22 @) 9ms 2 @ 2s) 8m ©) bm 24 Tams", 282m, 25 6 sms ©) 8ms", 265m @ 3%ms* ( 165,32m 3,205 m a we 28 () 0s, 72m (©) 38, -18ms? © 675m;64m 71m Miscellaneous exercise 11 (page 181) 1 @ S#-4P (00-2) ms* © Bim, ms! (@ Iams? (ci2} ms) 202 MecHANtes 1 zm ro) © @ (©) Begins at eet, scceerates to @ maximum speed of 183 ms", then dcelerates or ‘moving inthe positive direction Uoughout 3 024ms,04m 4 Find the pont ofthe graph where the tangents parallel to the line joining (0,0) to (10,20). 5@ ms! (0 © 2ms" © gms 6 (@) 18m, 2Ims“, -24ms” (b) 35, -24ms", -6ms? © 18, 28m, -18ms" © 48, 26m, -2ms Oere2 () here? and 4res (©) 0568,..<4<2 and 2.931...<1<5 (©) Witt 40, tensions would be 9 Nand 6N, so block i notin equilibrium, 8 3 @ 13m (@ Oetet and 130 9 (@) @ Mem Ci) 68em () drome", bons" (© 2 em, 16(e-2)em (@) Sem 10 @ 150V (6) 9 (© 100m Revision exercise 2 (page 184) 25W 256N, beating 179.4° 1Sms?, 180N @ 1026 @ 1136 @ 1242" At TA6° tothe 0.3N force, 2.878 soms; 0308ms";3.78° @ 2ms* 6k © 0.05 223N,326N Weosar, Wsina _W Weosa 10 (@) 8.19ms" (b) 5.20ms* ease Ba, ms (141.2); ment) it EM $aM, 224" tothe vential, 27¢05225* 12 12¢(t~3)(¢—8) ems"; 1=5; en goes forwards to 376, then backwards to 989; O.24(31~4)(¢-6)N positive for O-

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