Computers Are Your Future Chapter 7 Computers Are Your Future Chapter 7

What You Will Learn About

Computers Are Your Future  The purpose of special keys and the most frequently
used pointing devices
 The characteristics of a monitor’s quality and the various
types of monitors
Chapter 7  The two major types of printers
 The difference between memory and storage

Input/Output and Storage

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Computers Are Your Future Chapter 7 Computers Are Your Future Chapter 7

What You Will Learn About Input

 Input is any data entered into the computer’s
 The categories of storage devices
memory
 The performance characteristics of hard drives
 How data is stored on both hard and floppy disks
 The various optical storage media available for
personal computers

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Input Devices: Giving Commands Keyboard

Keyboard

Mouse

Other Pointing  The keyboard allows the computer user to enter

Devices
words, numbers, punctuation, symbols, and special
function commands into the computer’s memory

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Types of Keyboards The Mouse

Enhanced / Extended Keyboard
Ergonomic Keyboard

 Enhanced or Extended keyboard – Typically 101 keys laid

out in the QWERTY fashion; connected to the computer by a
 The mouse is the most widely used pointing device
cable
 Cordless keyboard – Uses infrared or radio wave signals  A mouse is palm sized
 Ergonomic keyboard – Designed to help prevent cumulative  As the mouse is moved, its movements are mirrored by the on-
trauma disorder (CTD) or damage to nerve tissues in the wrist screen pointer
and hand due to repeated motion
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Computers Are Your Future Chapter 7 Computers Are Your Future Chapter 7

Types of Mice Other Types of Pointing Devices

Wheel Cordless Touch
Mouse Mouse Trackball Screen

Pointing Joystick
Sti k
Stick
 Wheel mouse – Contains a rotating wheel used to scroll
vertically within a text document; connects to PS/2 port or
USB port
Pen
 Cordless mouse – Uses infrared signals to connect to the Touch Pad
computer’s IrDA port; it must be within sight of the receiving
port

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Using the Mouse Audio Input: Speech Recognition

 Speech recognition is a type
 Mouse buttons enable the user to initiate actions of input in which the
computer recognizes words
Clicking (left-, right-, or double-clicking) allows the
spoken into a microphone
user to select an item on the screen or open a program
or dialog box  Special software and a
microphone
i h are required
i d
Click and drag – Holding down the left mouse button
and moving the mouse enables the user to move  Latest technology uses
continuous speech recognition
objects on the screen
where the user does not have
to pause between words

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Alternative Input Devices Monitors

Scanners Fax Machines

CRT LCD
Flatbed Barcode reader

 A monitor is a peripheral device which displays

computer output on a screen
 Screen output is referred to as soft copy
 Types of monitors:
 Cathode-ray tube (CRT)
 Liquid Crystal Display (LCD or flat-panel)

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Cathode-ray tube (CRT) Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

 Cells sandwiched between two transparent layers form images
 Used for notebook computers, PDAs, cellular phones, and
 Resemble televisions personal computers
 Use picture tube technology  More expensive than a CRT monitor
 Less expensive
p than a LCD  Take up less desk space and use less energy than CRT
monitor monitors
 Take up more desk space and  Types of LCD monitors:
use more energy than LCD  Passive-matrix LCD
monitors  Active-matrix LCD
 Gas plasma display
 Field emission display
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Computers Are Your Future Chapter 7 Computers Are Your Future Chapter 7

Monitor Specifications Printers

A printer is a peripheral
device that produces a
 Screen size – The diagonal measurement of the screen surface physical copy or hard
in inches (15, 17, 19, 21) copy of the computer’s
 Resolution – The sharpness of the image determined by the output
number of horizontal and vertical dots (pixels) that the screen
can display (800 x 600, 1024 x 768, 1600 x 1200)
 Refresh rate – The speed at which the screen is redrawn
(refreshed) and measured in Hertz (Hz) (60Hz, 75Hz)

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Types of Printers Plotter

Inkjet Laser

 Inkjet printer
printer, also called a
bubble-jet, makes characters
by inserting dots of ink onto
paper
 Letter-quality printouts
 Cost of printer is inexpensive
but ink is costly
 Laser printer works like a
copier
 Quality determined by dots  A plotter is a printer that uses a pen that moves over a
per inch (dpi) produced large revolving sheet of paper
 Color printers available
 Expensive initial costs but
 It is used in engineering, drafting, map making, and
cheaper to operate per page seismology

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Computers Are Your Future Chapter 7 Computers Are Your Future Chapter 7

Memory vs. Storage

Why Is Storage Necessary?
Hard Drive – storage RAM – memory

 Storage devices:
Retain data when the computer is turned off
 Storage,
Storage also known as mass media or auxiliary storage
storage, Are cheaper than memory
refers to the various media on which a computer system can Play an important role during startup
store data
Are needed for output
 Storage devices hold programs and data in units called files
 Memory is a temporary workplace where the computer
transfers the contents of a file while it is being used

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Computers Are Your Future Chapter 7 Computers Are Your Future Chapter 7

Hard Disks
More Hard Drives
Platter Read/Write  Removable Hard Disks
head
Platter is enclosed in a cartridge
Can be inserted into a drive bay

 Hard disks are high

high-speed
speed, high
high-capacity
capacity storage devices Secondary storage – storage that isn’t directly available

 They contain metal disks called platters  Internet Hard Drives

 They contain two or more stacked platters with read/write Storage space on a server
heads for each side Subscription service
 Hard disks can be divided into partitions to enable computers
to work with more than one operating system

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Factors Affecting a Hard Disk’s Performance Floppy and Zip Disks and Drives
Zip Drive
Floppy Drive

 Seek time or positioning performance – How

quickly the read/write head positions itself and
begins transferring information. It is measured in Floppy Disk
milliseconds (ms)  A di
diskk or diskette
di k is
i a portable
bl storage medium
di
 High-density floppy disks that are commonly
 Spindle speed or transfer performance – How
used today store 1.44 MB of data
quickly the drive transfers data. It is measured in
 Disks work with a disk drive
rotations per minute (RPM)
 Zip disks store up to 750 MB of data and are not
downwardly compatible with floppy disks

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Protecting the Data on Your Disks CD-ROM Discs and Drives

 Don’t touch the surface of the disk  CD-ROM stands for Compact Disc-
Read Only Memory
 Don’t expose disk to magnetic fields
 CD-ROM drives can not write data
 Avoid contamination (food, drink) to discs
 Avoid condensation  Theyy are capable
p of storing
g 650 MB
of data
 Avoid excessive temperatures
 They are used for storing operating
systems, large application programs,
and multimedia programs
 This drive is referred to as optical
storage devise.

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CD-R and CD-RW Discs and Recorders DVD-ROM Discs and Drives

CD-R CD-RW
 Discs can be read and  Discs can be read and
written to written to
 Discs can only be  Discs are erasable
written to “once”  Discs can be written to
 CD-R drives are capable many times
of reading and writing  CD-RW drives are
data capable of reading,
writing, and erasing data
 DVD stands for Digital Video
Disc
 DVD technology is similar to
CD-ROM technology
 DVDs are capable of storing up
to 17GB of data
 The data transfer rate of DVD
drives is comparable to that of
hard disk drives

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DVD-RW and DVD+RW Discs Protecting Data on Discs

 Do not expose discs to excessive heat

DVD-R and DVD+R drives have the ability to
 Do not touch underside of discs
read/write data
DVD-RW and DVD+RW drives allow you to write,  Do not write on the label side of discs with a
erase, and read from a disc many times hard instrument
 Do not stack discs
 Store discs in original
boxes

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Computers Are Your Future Chapter 7 Computers Are Your Future Chapter 7

The Future of Storage Solid State Storage Devices

 FMD-ROM
Fluorescent multilayer disc-read-only memory  Solid state storage devices use nonvolatile memory
Each layer of the disc contains data chips to retain data
Layer is transparent enough for light to shine
through  They
y do not have movingg pparts
Laser can focus on one layer at a time  They are small, lightweight, reliable, and portable
Allows for additional storage capability

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Computers Are Your Future Chapter 7 Computers Are Your Future Chapter 7

Solid State Storage Devices Chapter 7 Summary

• Input is the software, data, and information that is
Smart Memory entered into the computer’s memory
Card Stick • Input devices such as the keyboard, mouse, and
trackball enable the user to enter data
Compact
p
• A pointing device enables the user to control
Fl h
Flash movements off an on-screen pointer
i
Flash
Memory
Memory • Speech recognition software enables the user to
enter data into a computer by speaking into a
microphone
PC Micro
Card Drive
• Monitors enable the user to view the computer’s
processed data; the output is known as soft copy

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Chapter 7 Summary (continued) Chapter 7 Summary (continued)

• The two types of monitors are the CRT and the LCD • A hard disk’s performance is measured by its positioning
• A monitor’s quality is measured by screen size, resolution, and performance and transfer rate
refresh rate • Optical storage devices include:
• Printers produce permanent versions (hard copies) of the CD-ROM– Read-only
computer’s output
CD-R– Record once
• The two basic types of printers are the inkjet and laser
CD-RW– Erasable, write repeatedly
• Memory
Memor makes softsoftware
are and data aavailable
ailable for the CPU’s use
se
DVD-ROM/DVD+ROM – Read-only
• Storage devices are categorized by:
DVD-R/DVD+R– Read/write
Read-only
DVD-RW/DVD+RW – rewritten many times
Read/write
• Solid state storage devices include:
Random access
PC cards
Near online (secondary)
Flash memory cards
Smart cards

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