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30 Important Name Reactions 3 Important Learning Groups fo

Organic Chemistry for IIT JEE Engineering Students

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MARCH 2, 2017
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Notes of Chemical Bonding
The most Important Part of Chemistry (ORGANIC CHEMISTRY) is Name Reactions. If you are in 12th class then you
must know these 30 Important Name Reactions in Organic Chemistry. These are very important and directly come
30 Important Name Reactions
in Board Exams.  Here we have done all these reactions with simplicity so that you also not get confused.
Organic Chemistry for IIT JEE
1. Sandmeyer Reaction
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When a primary aromatic amine is treated with sodium nitrite in the presence of cold aqueous mineral acid, a
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diazonium salt is formed. This freshly prepared diazonium salt is further mixed with cuprous chloride or bromide
which results in the replacement of diazonium group by –Cl or –Br. This reaction for the synthesis of haloarenes
from a diazonium salt is popularly known as Sandmeyer reaction. GATE 2017: List Of PSUs Accept
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2. Gattermann Reaction

The Gattermann reaction, (also known as the Gattermann salicylaldehyde synthesis) is a chemical reaction in which
aromatic compounds are formylated by hydrogen cyanide in the presence of a Friedel–Crafts catalyst (e.g. AlCl3). It
is named for the German chemist Ludwig Gattermann and is similar to the Friedel-Crafts reaction.
3. Balz-Schiemann Reaction

The conversion of aryl amines to aryl uorides via diazotisation and subsequent thermal decomposition of the
derived tetra uoroborates or hexa uorophosphates. The decomposition may also be induced photochemically.

4. Finkelstein Reaction

Treatment of a primary alkyl halide or pseudohalide with an alkali metal halide (e.g. KF, KI) leads to replacement of
the halogen via an SN2 Reaction.

5. Swartz Reaction

Swarts reaction and Finkelstein reactions are halogen exchange reactions that are associated with alkyl halides.

Swarts reaction: RX + MF → RF+ MX


6. Wurtz Reaction

The Wurtz reaction, named after Charles-Adolphe Wurtz, is a coupling reaction in organic chemistry, organometallic
chemistry and recently inorganic main group polymers, whereby two alkyl halides are reacted with sodium to form a
new alkane:

2R–X + 2Na → R–R + 2Na X.+ −

7. Fitting Reaction

In Fittig reaction, two aryl halides are coupled in presence of sodium metal in dry ether or tetrahydrofuran to
furnish biaryls.

8. Wurtz – Fittig Reaction

The Wurtz–Fittig reaction is the chemical reaction of aryl halides with alkyl halides and sodium metal in the presence
of dry ether to give substituted aromatic compounds.

9. Kolbe’s Reaction

10. Reimer- Tiemann Reaction


The Reimer–Tiemann reaction is a chemical reactionused for the ortho-formylation of phenols; with the simplest
example being the conversion of phenol to salicylaldehyde. The reaction was discovered by Karl Reimer and
Ferdinand Tiemann.

11. Rosenmund Reduction

The reaction is catalysed by palladium on barium sulfate, which is sometimes called the Rosenmund catalyst.
Barium sulfate has a low surface area which reduces the activity of the palladium, preventing over-reduction.
However, for certain reactive acyl chlorides the activity must be reduced further, by the addition of a poison.

12. Gattermann – Koch Reaction

The Gattermann–Koch reaction, named after the German chemists Ludwig Gattermann and Julius Arnold
Koch, refers to a Friedel–Crafts acylation reaction in which carbon monoxide, hydrochloric acid, and a Friedel–Crafts
catalyst (e.g. AlCl3) are used to produce aromatic aldehydes from various aromatic compounds, including derivatives
of benzene and naphthalene:

13. Stephen Reaction or Stephen Reduction

14. Clemmensen Reduction


Clemmensen reduction is a chemical reaction described as a reduction of ketones (or aldehydes) to alkanes using
zinc amalgam and hydrochloric acid. This reaction is named after Erik Christian Clemmensen, a Danish chemist.

15. Wol – Kishner Reduction

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16. Haloform Reaction (Iodoform Reaction)

17. Aldol Condensation

18. Cannizzaro Reaction

19. Friedel – Crafts Reaction

20. Grignard Synthesis

21. Esteri cation Reaction or Fischer Esteri cation

22. Williamson Synthesis

23. Diazotisation Reaction

24. Etard Reaction

25. Hell – Volhard Zelinsky Reaction

26. Decarboxylation Reaction

27. Hofmann Bromide Reaction

28. Gabriel Phthalimide Synthesis

29. Coupling Reaction


30. Carbylamine Reaction

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