International Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Management

ISSN 2320 – 3439, Vol. 03, No. 06, November 2014, pp. 26 – 29

Design and Analysis of Pre Engineered Industrial Buildings (PEB)

A. SRAVAN KUMAR1, SANJEEV RAO2, MADAN MOHAN3, DR. SREENATHA REDDY4

1
M. Tech Structural Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Guru Nanak Institute of Technology, JNTU, Hyderabad.
2
Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Guru Nanak Institute of Technology, JNTU, Hyderabad.
3
Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Guru Nanak Institute of Technology, JNTU, Hyderabad.
4
Principal, Guru Nanak Institute of Technology, JNTU, Hyderabad.
Abstract: Pre-engineeredbuildings (PEB) is the concept of steel structures introduce in early 1960’s the structure here uses
entire I sections and the beauty here in this concept is no welding process will be carried out in site entire structure will be
Designed and manufactured in shop and this will be brought to sit and assembles, the entire sectional properties will depends
just upon the moments at that specific locations so there won’t be any excess steel used in the thus it is economical. Here I
am designing such a PEB building by selecting a real time project consisting a 69m wide and 173m length textile building by
IS 800-2007 Design code using STAAD Pro and explaining its each and every parameters and design and detailing
procedures.
Keywords: Pre-Engineered-Buildings, IS: 800-2007.

INTRODUCTION TABLE 1
Pre engineering buildings are generally used for the Structure Configuration Details
Industries airports, Hanger building, power plants what not,
almost all the sectors where the conventional steel structures Location : Ahmedabad, India.
are used to be there the half portions of such buildings are Length : 173 m
replaced by these PEB’s. These PEB buildings can be Width : 67 m
constructed with all the requirement like cranes different Eave height : 6m (clear)
level floors and can be constructed up to higher heights. Bay spacing : 19 @ 8.0m C/C + 2 @
There are quite pretty uses with these structures we can go 10.5m C/C
up to higher clear spans horizontally and vertically. It is easy End Wall column : 2 @ 7.0m C/C + 1 @
in point of manufacturing and erection. As the entire spacing 9.5m C/C + 7 @ 6.5m
sections are built up sections the required thick plates as per C/C
design will be cut and welded to the design sectional Seismic zone : III
dimensions there will a max of 12m length pieces because Wind speed : 39 m/sec
of transportation restraint. These pieces will be brought to Wind terrain : 2
the site and connected with nut and bolt mechanism. Thus category
even the manufacturing process is easy when compared to Wind Class : C
regular conventional structures as in those buildings entire Life Span : 50 years
manufacturing i.e. welding process goes on site as it is so Slope of roof : 1:10
time taking and hazardous. Soil type : Medium
Importance factor : 1
I. Structure Configuration Response reduction : 5
factor
The structure which I considered now is a textile plant Purlin spacing : 1500 mm
located in Ahmedabad having its dimensions as 173m length Girt spacing : 1800 mm
and 67m width having a clear height of 6m with 2 no. of
internal column which is at a distance of 1 @ 14m C/C + 1
@ 29m C/C + 1 @ 26m C/C. As the building in Ahmedabad TABLE 2
is falls under seismic zone-III with a wind speed of 39m/s Calculation of Dead Load
i.e. 140Kmph. As the structure is having some irregular
intermediate column spacing the structure won’t be Sheeting unit : 4.44kg/m2(0.5mm Total Coat
symmetric to its ridge. The details of parameters are weight Thick(TCT) galvanized sheet)
provided in table 1 : 4.71 kg/m(spacing of purlin =
1.5m)
Purlin wt.
: 4.71/1.5
II. Dead Load Calculation : 3.14 kg/m2
Dear load consists of self-weight of the frame weight of : 1.2 kg/m
sheeting, weight of purlins, Sag angles and additional Sag rods wt.
components like insula : 1.2/1.5 :0.8 kg/m2
tion, Roof liners etc. if present Dead load considerations Insulation
: 1.6 kg/m2
are as per the IS:875 part 1. The loading calculation is as per material wt.
the table 2 : 4.44 + 3.14 + 0.8 + 1.6
Dead load
: 10kg/m2 : 0.1 KN/m2

IJAEM 030602 Copyright @ 2014 SRC. All rights reserved.

 A. Sravan Kumar, Sanjeev Rao, Madan Mohan, Dr. Sreenatha Reddy

III. Live Load Calculation

Live load is considered as per the IS: 875 part 2. And as
per the code IS: 875 part 2 the live load of anon-accessible
roof will be 75 kg/sqm i.e. 0.75kN/Sqm.

IV. Wind Load Calculation

Wind pressure calculation is done as per IS: 875part-2.
After once we arrive the wind pressure the pressure
coefficients of roof and wall are from table 4 and table 5
from IS 875 part 3 those parameters are as follows in Fig. 1 Main frame
Table3.

TABLE 3
Calculation of Wind Load
Wind speed
: 39 m/sec
(Vb)
Risk coefficient
:1
(K1)
Probability factor (K2) : 0.93
Topography factor
: 1.0
(K3)
: K1*K2*K3*Vb
Design wind speed
: 1*0.93*1*39
(VZ)
: 36.27 m/sec
:0.6*(Vz)2
Design wind pressure : 0.6*36.272
(PZ) : 789.3 N/m2 Fig. 2 Internal frame with changedwidth
: 0.789 KN/m2

V. Pre-Engineered Buildings by STAAD Pro

Structural Analysis and Design program (STAAD) is the
most popular structural engineering software which is
widely used for design of both Reinforced Concrete
Structures and all kinds of steel structures. This software is
developed by Bentley Corporation. This tool helps us to
design the entire structure in 2 Dimensional format or the
entire structure can be done in 3 Dimensional format. It is
equipped with almost all the renowned codes globally. To
design this building we need to do is modeling the structure
with tentative section properties applying load to it and
assigning the required design parameters then the structure
will be analyzed by stiffness matrix method. Then this
analysis will give the result of its stress ratios i.e. actual /
allowable stress ratios and moments of each members and
the deflections the members going, by observing the ratios
and the moments it’s having we can assign the section
properties accordingly. Thus this program will be reducing
the time consumption and that is how it has become a most Fig. 3 End frame with wind columns
adorable software all over.
VII. Load Combinations
VI. Drawings Load combinations include different combinations of
Following drawings includes drawings of frames which loads according to different codes (AISC-89/MBMA-86,
are selected for analysis IS800-1984, IS800-2007) by considering serviceability and
strength criteria as follows in TableV [4]-[7].

International Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Management

ISSN 2320 – 3439, Vol. 03, No. 06, November 2014, pp. 26 – 29
 Design and Analysis of Pre Engineered Industrial Buildings (PEB)

TABLE 4
Load Combinations According to Different Codes VIII. Design Specifications
IS 800-2007
Serviceability Combinations: These design specifications includes the limiting ratios of
(DL+LL) the sections i.e. like web depth/ web thickness, flange width /
(DL+WL/EL) flange thickness. The class selection will be depended upon
(DL+LL+CL) the seismic zone and building importance factor accordance to
(DL+0.8*LL+0.8*WL/EL+0.8*CL) that the class selection will be done.
Design combinations:
1.5*(DL+LL)
1.5*(DL+WL/EL)
(0.9*DL+1.5 WL/EL)
(1.5*DL+1.5*LL+1.05*CL)
(1.5*DL+1.05*LL+1.5*CL)
(1.2*DL+1.2*LL+0.6*WL/EL+1.05*CL)
(1.2*DL+1.05*LL+0.6*WL/EL+1.2*CL)
(1.2*DL+1.2*LL+1.2 *WL/EL+0.53*CL)
(1.2*DL+1.2*LL+1.2*WL/EL+0.53*CL)

TABLE 5
Limiting Width to Thickness Ratio According to IS 800 -2007-Table-2
Compression Ratio Class of section
Class 1 Class 2 Class 3(Semi-
(Plastic) (Compact) Compact)
Outstanding element of Rolled section b/tf 9.4ε 10.5ε 15.7ε
compression flange Welded section b/tf 8.4ε 9.4ε 13.6ε
Internal element of Compression due to bending b/tf 29.3ε 33.5ε 42ε
compression flange Axial compression b/tf Not applicable
Web of an I,H or box section Neutral axis at mid-depth d/tw 84ε 105ε 126ε
d/tw (84ε)/(1+r1) (105ε)/(1+r1) (126ε)/(1+2r2)
Generally If r1 is negative but ≤ 42ε but ≤ 42ε
If r1 is positive d/tw (105ε)/(1+1.5r1)
Axial compression but ≤ 42ε
d/tw Not applicable 42ε
Web of a channel d/tw 42ε 42ε 42ε
Angle, compression due to bending (Both criteria should be b/t 9.4ε 10.5ε 15.7ε
satisfied) d/t 9.4ε 10.5ε 15.7ε
Single angle, or double angles with the components separated, b/t 15.7ε
axial compression (All three criteria should be satisfied) d/t Not applicable 15.7ε
(b+d)/t 25ε
Outstanding leg of an angle in contact back-to-back in a double d/t 9.4ε 10.5ε 15.7ε
angle member
outstanding leg of an angle with its back in continuous contact d/t 9.4ε 10.5ε 15.7ε
with another component
Stem of a T-section, rolled or cut from a rolled I-or H- section D/tf 8.4ε 9.4ε 18.9ε
Circular hollow tube, including welded tube subjected to:
a) Moment D/t 42ε2 52ε2 146ε2
b) Axial compression D/t Not applicable 88ε2

NOTES
1. Elements which exceed semi-compact limits are to be taken as of slender cross-section.
2. ε= (250 /fy) 1/2.
3. The stress ratio r1 and r2are defined as:
r1 = (Actual average axial stress(negative if tensile)/(Design compressive stress of web alone)
r2 = (Actual average axial stress(negative if tensile)/(Design compressive stress of overall section)\

International Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Management

ISSN 2320 – 3439, Vol. 03, No. 06, November 2014, pp. 26 – 29
 A. Sravan Kumar, Sanjeev Rao, Madan Mohan, Dr. Sreenatha Reddy

TABLE 6
Deflection Limits According to IS 800-2007

S.No Description
Vertical Lateral
Main frame L/180 H/150
1 Main frame with crane (pendent) L/180 H/200
Main frame with crane (cab operated) L/180 H/400
Crane Electric<50t L/750
2
beam Electric>50t L/1000
3 Wind column H/150
4 Mezzanine beam L/240
5 Under slung crane L/750
6 Purlin L/150
7 Girt L/150
8 Primary Minimum thickness 5mm
9 Secondary Minimum thickness 2mm

IX. Considerations
1) Wind Load application as per IS 875 (Part-3) -1987
(reaffirmed 1997), internal Pressure Coefficient is
considered as +/-0.2. (Since %of opening<5%).
2) External column base considered as fixed support. (Sway
is not controlling with pinned connection).Internal column
base considered as fixed support.
3) Wall cover is full height sheeted all around the building.
4) Rod bracing considered for Roof and wall for longitudinal
restrainment.
X. Conclusion
Following are the conclusions which are observed:
1) The structure Designed in this has consumed a final
weight of 590MT
2) If the structure designed here is not a PEB if it is a
conventional the weights would have gone higher by 30%
References
[1] Indian Standard: 1893 (Part1); 2002. Criteria for
Earthquake Resistant Design Structures: New Delhi: BIS;
2002.
[2] IS 875: Part 1 to 3 Code Of Practice For Design Loads
(Other Than Earthquake) For Buildings and Structures,
1st Revision, New Delhi: BIS..
[3] Indian Standard: 801 – 1975; Code Of Practice For Use
Of Cold-Formed Light Gauge Steel Structural Member’s
In General Building Construction, 1st Revision, New
Delhi: BIS.
[4] Indian Standard: 800 – 2007; General Construction in
Steel — Code of Practice; 3rd S Revision, New Delhi:
BIS.
[5] Indian Standard: 800 – 1984; Code of Practice for
General Construction, In Steel; 1st Revision, New Delhi:
BIS.
[6] Syed Firoz (2012), “Design Concept of Pre-engineered
Building”, International Journal of Engineering Research
and Applications (IJERA), Vol. 2, Issue 2, 267-272.
[7] C. M. Meera (2013),”Pre-Engineered Building Design of
an Industrial Warehouse”, international journal of
engineering sciences & emerging technologies, volume 5,
issue 2, pp: 75-82.
[8] Indian Standard: 807 – 1976; Code Of Practice For
Design, Manufacture, Erection And Testing (Structural
Portion) Of Cranes and Hoists, 1st Revision, New Delhi:
BIS.
[9] Technical Manual, Zamil Steel, Saudi Arabia, Pre-
Engineered Buildings Division.
[10] Design Manual, Zamin Steel, Saudi Arabia.
[11] Technical Hand Book, Kirby Building Systems-
INDIA.LTD.
[12] Comparison of Design procedures for Pre Engineered
Buildings (PEB): A Casy study, Authors: G Sai kiran, A
Kailasa Rao, R. Pradeep kumar.

International Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Management

ISSN 2320 – 3439, Vol. 03, No. 06, November 2014, pp. 26 – 29