University of the East-Caloocan

College of Engineering

EXPERIMENT # 1

“Structural Study of the Dynamo”

Instructor: ENGR. REBONG

Name: Ramos, Abram C.

Student number: 20131122071

Subject and Section: NME 410 – 1 ME

Date Performed:

December 2017

Date Submitted:

January 03, 2018

ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS

1. Why are some parts of the dynamo made of highly permeable materials and some are made

of conductive material?

Some parts of the dynamo are made of highly permeable materials in order to obtain

sufficient amount of mechanical strength. Second reason is that it gives path to the

motion of the wire within the magnetic field and causes the field to push on the electrons

and creates an electric current in the wire.

2. Is it possible to use the Revolving Field Stationary Armature construction for DC

dynamos?

Yes

3. Which part of the dynamo requires the greatest attention? Why?

Armature winding, because it is virtually the heart of the dynamo and it is attached to the rotor which

gives constant rotation for the machine and as a result it alternates the magnetic field in the path of its

rotation.
DISCUSSION

A generator is a machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy by using

the principle of magnetic induction. This principle is explained as follows that whenever a

conductor is moved within a magnetic field in such a way that the conductor cuts across

magnetic lines of flux, voltage are generated in the conductor.

In this experiment, we observed that the amount of voltage generated depends on; firstly by

the strength of the magnetic field; secondly, the angle at which the conductor cuts the magnetic field;

thirdly, by speed at which the conductor is moved, and lastly, by the length of the conductor within the

magnetic field.

Moreover, the polarity of the voltage depends on the direction of the magnetic lines of flux and

the direction of movement of the conductor. To determine the direction of current in a given situation, the

left hand rule for generator is used. This experiment of the dynamo generator must be properly

understood to be able to determine how it works. In addition, different materials are used to obtain higher

mechanical strength to the dynamo generator and students must be fully understand the behavior of those

parts as follows; frame or yoke, field windings, poles, shaft, commutator, armature core, armature

windings, brush holder with also brush, pigtail and also spring. These parts have different purposes

to provide and support the entire dynamo to generate electricity.

CONCLUSION

Dc dynamo is widely used in different areas like in industrial plants, manufacturing plant, process

industries and so on. Performing this experiment gives us an idea to operate and understand the entire

dynamo. In this experiment, we’ve learned different factors that can affect and mislead the flow of

magnetic field inside the dynamo generator.

Understanding the parts of the dynamo will give you an insight how the flow of current and magnetic

field are being generated. Also, those parts are very important for running the entire dc generator.

Moreover, different parts of the dynamo are very expensive when it comes to its materials. It is made of

highly permeable material to sustain higher mechanical strength and give way to the motion of the wire

within the magnetic field and causes the field to push on the electrons and creates an electric current in

the wire. The data needed in this experiment is obtained by completing the study of this experiment; we

performed well with the help of our instructor, by introducing each parts of the dynamo and by guiding us

how to operate the machine. Finally, after performing this experiment, I conclude that it is very important

for us mechanical engineering students to fully understand the concept and different approach on how to

use dc dynamo and generators.

REFERENCES

Venkat, B., Electrical and Electronics Tutorials: Function of Each Part of D.C Generator, 2016

Basic Construction and Working of a DC Generator

by Kiran Daware
Fig. 1: Magnetic circuit of a four pole dynamo
DATA
Part of the Dynamo Material Main Function

Frame or Yoke cast iron or steel It carries the magnetic flux

which produced by the field

winding.

Field Windings copper Field coils are former wound

and placed on each pole and

are connected in series.

Poles cast iron or steel They carry field winding and

pole shoes are fastened to

them.

Shaft Steel The shaft transfers mechanical

energy to the generator and

turns the coil through the

magnetic field.

Commutator Copper Collect the current generated

in armature conductors.

Armature Core thin laminated It is cylindrical in shape with

 circular steel disks slots to carry armature

winding.

Armature Windings former wound copper The armature conductors are

coil insulated from each other and

also from the armature core.

Brush Holder copper Distributes current evenly

across all the brushes, and

permits a careful operator to

remove a bad brush and

replace it with a new one, even

as the machine continues to

spin fully powered and under

load.

Brush carbon or graphite They rest on commutator

segments and slide on the

segments when the

commutator rotates keeping

the physical contact to collect

 or supply the current.

Pigtail Copper Protecting the brush from

sparking.

Spring Steel To run the dynamo in constant

speed.