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BANGLADESH

Portability of Social Security


1.Dr. Yeameen Akbory,ndc
Joint Secretary
Bangladesh Overseas Employment & Services
Limited
and
2. Ms. Shaheen Akhter
Deputy Secretary
Ministry of labour And Employment
31 January 2018
Seoul , Korea
The views expressed in this presentation are the views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the
Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI), the Asian Development Bank (ADB), its Board of Directors, or the governments they
represent. ADBI does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any
consequences of their use. Terminology used may not necessarily be consistent with ADB official terms.
PORTABILITY OF SOCIAL SECURITY OF
BANGLADESHI LABOR MIGRANTS
Characteristics of Bangladesh
Situation Analysis
Migrants workers.
• Every year 2.4 Million labor
• Passed 41 years force entering ;
• Started 1976; • Poverty
• Formal sector limited scope;
• Total Migrants: 10 million
• About Focusing informal
• Destination Country 165 sector and self Employment
• 1 Million in 2017 • Foreign Employment and
Remittance
• 92 % workers are sending • Skilled : 42% ,Remaining
in 9 Gulf countries; semi skill or unskilled
• Illegal migration
• Daily 4000

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Bangladesh
What is Social Security
Social Protection Social Security Social Safety Net

A specific set of actions to The system of cash A temporary measure to


address the vulnerability of transfers provided by catch those who were
transiently made vulnerable
people’s life through social countries, comprising
through structural
insurance, offering both non-contributory adjustment and
protection against risk and and contributory (social liberalization (e.g. transfers
adversity throughout life; insurance) transfers. to households or subsidy
through social assistance, Social security is programmes).
offering payments and in recognized as a human
kind transfers to support right in a range of
and enable the poor; and international human
through inclusion rights conventions.

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Bangladesh
Significance of Social Security

• To provide social security to people

Constitution needing support (Article 15)


• Overseas Employment and migrants Act
2013

National • Given importance in 7th Five Year


Plan(2016- 2020)
• Road Map
Plans • National Social Security Strategy-2015
• Action Plan for NSSS of the Ministry

• Total budget BDT 3000 million

Budget • No specific Target for social security of


migrant worker in central Budget .

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Bangladesh
Expatriates Welfare and Overseas
Employment Policy 2016

Constitutional Vision Mission


Provision Socio-economic Development of migration
development of the management in order to
….the right to social country through create a skilled workforce
security, that is to say expanding overseas through training
to public assistance in employment commensurate with the
cases of undeserved opportunities, demands of the global
want arising from ensuring safe labour markets,
unemployment, illness migration, protecting enhancement of
or disablement, or the rights of migrant opportunities for overseas
suffered by widows or workers and employment, protection of
orphans or in old age, enhancing welfare for the rights and interests of
or in other such cases. migrant workers and migrant workers,
Art 15d their families. enhancement of welfare of
migrant workers and their
families and ensuring of
safe and orderly migration.
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Bangladesh
Policy 2016
In abroad
-Deportation
• Evacuation
• Repatriation
Cash Legal support; • Addressing
Support Education; Women
Workers
Burial of problems
deceased ;
-Loan from
Family Public and Recovery
private compensation
Bank;
-Health •
support

-Training -Children
Education
- -Support to
Rehabilitati disable and
on wonded
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Bangladesh
Social Security Programs
• A strategy to strengthen the wage earner welfare Fund Program with a
aim to extend social protection;
• Migrants worker pays welfare fee;
• Welfare board (WEWB) provides welfare services to migrants workers ;
• Various programs initiated for migrant workers, and their family ;
• Financial Assistance, Other form of support to the disabled / sick migrant
workers ;( Ambulance facilities Admission in Hospitals)
• WEWB provides services in abroad - Safe Home facilities for distress
female workers;
• Offering legal Assistance and receiving complaints through call centers ;
• Families of deceased workers getting financial grants as a death
compensation to cover carrying and burial costs.
• WEWB provides scholarships to the children of migrants workers in the
country;7

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Bangladesh
Insurance policy for migrant workers

• MEWOE (The Ministry of Expatriate welfare and


overseas Employment ) and IDRA( Insurance
Development and regulatory Authority drafted
a guideline .
• Organized a workshop on the draft insurance
policy on 26 December 2017.
• Implementation modalities need to be
developed;
• various challenges for mandatory insurance.
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Bangladesh
Challenges
• Daily 4000 workers are going abroad;
• Will it be possible to cover all?
• Add to burden of Migrant ?
• WEWB capable to handle processing /facilitating
• Will it effect the number of migrants going
abroad;
• How much time will it take?
• What would be the premium rate ?
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Bangladesh
Challenges contd.
• Numerous insurance product , what would be the
relevant products
• An insurance scheme which covers all benefits;
• Insurance Act 2010- life and nonlife separated;
• Total 78 insurance companies; experience of
exploitation
• Many workers went abroad through agent, no
documentation.
• One month health insurance
• Coordination with migrant workers is a big challenge;
• Health insurance is not covering all diseases;

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Bangladesh
Guiding questions for Health insurance

• (a) Health insurance for travel, (b) life


insurance, (c) Insurance for un-employment,
buffer time, layoff or closure of companies.

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Bangladesh
Pension Scheme and Others

• The issue is under consideration


• Normally BLA supports to migrants;
• WEWB of the Ministry through Embassy
provides support to recovery the claim of
migrants
• WEWB ACT (Draft) covers social security
through Laws

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Bangladesh
WAY FORWARD

• Implementation of Social Protection Action Plan;


• Social Protection Programme at all three stages;
- pre- Migration
- Stay in the host country
- Post Return
• All organizations are ensuring social security;
• A special agency (private or public ) need to be established
for heath, disability and other protection.

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Conclusions

• Minimize Irregular migration.


• Stop non registered migration
• 1300 Recruiting Agency should take some responsibilities;
• Ensure compliance of bilateral agreement (BLA) both the
parties
• Increasing awareness and motivational programme;

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