Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1.Quantitative
2.Qualitative
TOXICANT SOURCES:
•Exposure of humans and other organisms to toxicants may result from many
activities:
1-intentional ingestion
2-occupational exposure
3-environmental exposure
4-Accidental and intentional (suicidal or homicidal) poisoning.
Ways of exposure:
•entry into the body, whether through
1-The alimentary canal
2-The lungs
3-The skin.
Importance of Toxicology:
•Toxicology serves society in many ways:
1.To protect humans and the environment from the deleterious effects of toxicants
2.To facilitate the development of more selective toxicants such as anticancer and
other clinical drugs and pesticides.
Exposure duration:
Types of Toxicology:
1.Epidemiology research
-Organsphosphatepesticides =
relevant
-Saccharine and bladder cancer
= not relevant
•Toxicogenomic:is a
recommended new era
(succinylcholine)
3. Regulatory toxicology:
•Is based on mechanistic and
descriptive .
•The responsibility for deciding
whether a drug or chemical
poses a low risk to be marked
(Determine the risk of human
used chemicals)
•Evaluate exposure to toxic
substances.
•Regulatory bodies:
1) Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA)
⇒Chemicals and other
toxicants in air or water
2) Food and drug
administration (FDA)
⇒Food and Drugs
Toxicodynamics:
•Biological or biochemical effect
of toxins: