WCES 2015 Abstracts Book

7th World Conference on Educational Sciences
(WCES-2015)
05-07 February 2015
Novotel Conference Center
Athens - Greece
ABSTRACTS BOOK
In Collaboration With
University of Alcala, Spain
Kyrenia University, Cyprus
Near East University, Cyprus
Bahcesehir University, Turkey
Johns Hopkins University, USA
Cyprus Educatipnal Sciences Association
European Educational Research Association
Organization
Academic World Education and Research Center
Non-profit international organization
www.awer-center.org
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International Scientific Committee
Prof. Dr. Ali Baykal, Bahcesehir University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Ayşe Çakır İlhan Ankara University Turkey
Prof. Dr. Aytekin İşman – Sakarya University (Turkey)
Prof. Dr. Bekir Özer, Eastern Mediterranean University, North Cyprus
Prof. Dr. Brent G. Wilson – Colorado At Denver University (USA)
Prof. Dr. Carmen Pérez-Sabater, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain
Prof. Dr. Cevat Celep, Kocaeli University, Turkey
Prof. Dr. Fatoş Silman, Cyprus International University, Cyprus
Prof. Dr. George S. Mouzakitis, Greece
Prof. Dr. Gönül Akçamete, Near East University, Cyprus
Prof. Dr. Gul Celkan, Middle Georgia State College, USA
Prof. Dr. Gülsün A. Baskan – Hacettepe University (Turkey)
Prof. Dr. H. Ferhan Odabaşi, Anadolu University, Turkey
Prof. Dr. Hafize Keser, Ankara University, Turkey
Prof. Dr. Halil İbrahim Yalın, Eastern Mediterranean University, North Cyprus
Prof. Dr. Hüseyin Uzunboylu – Near East University (North Cyprus)
Prof. Dr. Jacobus G. Maree - University of Pretoria (South Africa)
Prof. Dr. Jan Parker- Open University (UK)
Prof. Dr. Jean Underwood - Nottingham Trent University (UK)
Prof. Dr. Jung-Cheol Shini , Seoul National University, South Korea
Prof. Dr. Kinshuk – Athabasca University (Canada)
Prof. Dr. Maria Helena Esteves, University of Lisbon, Portugal
Prof. Dr. Marilyn Campbell, Queensland University of Technology, Australia
Prof. Dr. Mehmet Çağlar – Near East University (North Cyprus)
Prof. Dr. Mehmet Gürol – Fırat University (Turkey)
Prof. Dr. Mehmet Kesim - Anadolu University (Turkey)
Prof. Dr. Nejdet Osam - Eastern Mediterranean University (North Cyprus)
Prof. Dr. Nick Rusby, British Journal of Educational Technology, UK
Prof. Dr. Özcan Demirel – Hacettepe University (Turkey)
Prof. Dr. Rauf Yıldız - Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, (Turkey)
Prof. Dr. Servet Bayram Marmara University, (Turkey)
Prof. Dr. Steven M. Rose – John Hopkins University (USA)
Prof. Dr. Ulku Koymen, Near East University, Cyprus
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ali Rahimi - Bahcesehir University (Turkey)
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Carmen Pérez Sabater - Universitat Politècnica de València, (Spain)
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Demet Erol Öngen - Akdeniz University (Turkey)
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hamit Caner – Eastern Mediterranean University (North Cyprus)
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hayat Boz - Ankara University (Turkey)
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Kamisah Osman - Universiti Kebangsaan (Malaysia)
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mohammad H. Yarmohammadian - Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (Iran)
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nadire Çavuş, Near East University (North Cyprus)
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nergüz Bulut Serin, LAÜ
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Oguz Serin, LAÜ
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Özge Hacifazlioğlu –Bahcesehir University (Turkey)
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zehra Özçinar – Atatürk Teacher's Academy (North Cyprus)
Assist. Prof. Dr. Ahmet Güneyli – Near East University (North Cyprus)
Assist. Prof. Dr. Çiğdem Hursen - Near East University (North Cyprus)
Assist. Prof. Dr. Fezile Özdamlı – Near East University (North Cyprus)
Assist. Prof. Dr. Havva Başak – Near East University (North Cyprus)
Assist. Prof. Dr. Hüseyin Yaratan – Eastern Mediterranean University (North Cyprus)
Assist. Prof. Dr. Jaleh Hassaskhah- University of Guilan, (Iran)
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Assist. Prof. Dr. Malik Amjad - University College of the North (Canada)
Assist. Prof. Dr. Mehmet Ali Öztürk – Bahcesehir University (Turkey)
Assist. Prof. Dr. Murat Tezer - Near East University (North Cyprus)
Assist. Prof. Dr. Şirin Karadeniz - Bahcesehir University (Turkey)
Assist. Prof. Dr. Tözün İsa – Middlesex University (UK)
Assist. Prof. Dr. Tuncay Ergene - Yaşar University (Turkey)
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mehmet Erdem – University Of Nevada (USA)
Dr. Ali Erden - Near East University (North Cyprus)
Dr. Ana Loureiro - Polytechnics Institute of Santarem (Portugal)
Dr. Birikim Özgür – Near East University (North Cyprus)
Dr. Elena Lupu, Oil and Gas University, (Romania)
Dr. Hasan Alicik - Near East University (North Cyprus)
Dr. Melahat Işınsu Halat - Ministry of Healthy (North Cyprus)
Dr. Müge Taçman - Near East University (North Cyprus)
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Organizing Committee
Presidents
Prof. Dr. George S. Mouzakitis – (Greece)
Prof. Dr. Hüseyin Uzunboylu, Near East University, North Cyprus
Co-Presidents
Prof. Dr. Conchi San Martín, University of Barcelona, Spain
Prof. Dr. Hafize Keser, Ankara University, Turkey
Prof. Dr. Hüseyin Uzunboylu, Near East University, North Cyprus
Prof. Dr. Jesús García Laborda, University of Alcalá, Spain
Prof. Dr. Teresa Magal-Royo, Polytechnical University of Valencia
Organization Committee
Prof. Dr. Ali Baykal, Bogazici University, Turkey
Begoña Montero, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain
Prof. Dr. Jung-Cheol Shini , Seoul National University, South Korea
Prof. Dr. Selahattin Öğülmüş, Ankara University, Turkey
Jesús de la Fuente Arias, University of Almería, Spain
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Anastasia Alevriadou, University of Western Macedonia, Greece
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Kamisah Osman - Universiti Kebangsaan, Malaysia
Assist. Prof. Dr. Özge Hacıfazlıoğlu, Bahcesehir University, Turkey
Assist. Prof. Dr. Ali Rahimi - University of Kashan, Iran
Assist. Prof. Dr. Murat Tezer, Near East University, North Cyprus
Assist. Prof. Dr. Birikim Özgür, Near East University, North Cyprus
Assist. Prof. Dr. Mehmet Erdem – University Of Nevada, USA
Dr. Müge Taçman, Ataurk Teacher Training Academy, North Cyprus
Dr. Çiğdem Hürsen, Near East University, North Cyprus
Ahmet Yücel, Bahcesehir University
Secreteriat
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Fezile Özdamlı
wces.info@awer-center.org
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ABSTRACTS
The Use of Music Activities to Improve Social Skills in
Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Integrated
Group Therapy Sessions
Bilgehan Eren* , Department of Special Education, Faculty of Education, Uludag University, Gorukle/ Bursa,
TURKEY
Abstract
The lack of social interest is one of the core features of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD).
Individuals with ASD suffer direct and indirect consequences related to their social interaction deficits. The
effect of these deficits often increases during adolescence. In this period, adolescents with ASD start to report
their desire for peer social interaction, and may also experience more loneliness than their typically developing
peers. It is especially vital for adolescents with ASD to have emotionally non-threatening social experiences.
The non-threatening and acquiescent nature of music helps to decrease the anxiety experienced during direct
interaction with others and improve the social skills of adolescents with ASD. In this study, video recordings of
music therapy activities carried out with a group of adolescents with ASD are analyzed, and the outcomes are
presented. While activities such as singing, rhythmic games, creative movement and dance were performed;
adolescents were asked to work in dyads, in small groups and in a large group. Adolescents initiated and
sustained social interactions during music sessions and less resistance was observed while interacting with
their peers.
Key words: Music Therapy, Social Skills, Autism Spectrum Disorder.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Bilgehan Eren, Department of Special Education, Faculty of Education,

Uludag University, Gorukle/ Bursa, TURKEY.E-mail address:bilgehaneren@gmail.com
Qualities that mentors in the University setting should have

Samuel Carpintero* , Polytechnic University of Madrid, c/ Profesor Aranguren s/n, 28040 Ciudad Universitaria,
Madrid (Spain)
Abstract
Mentoring is gaining more and more attention as a way of enhancing the capabilities for the personal and
professional development of graduate students. This paper revolves around the concept of mentoring and the
particularities of its implementation in the University setting. The research focuses on the qualities that
mentors should have in order to be successful in this task. It reviews the qualities that have been identified in
previous studies and then compares them with the responses to a questionnaire that was sent in 2014 to 33
former graduate students that participated in a mentoring program between 2010 and 2013 at the School of
Civil Engineering of the Polytechnic University of Madrid.
Key words: Mentoring, mentors, qualities, University
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Samuel Carpintero, Polytechnic University of Madrid, c/ Profesor

Aranguren s/n, 28040 Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid (Spain). E-mail address:scarlop@gmail.com
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Chemical Thermodynamic Concept Mastering By Chemistry
Students
Soumia Tamani, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials Hassan II Casablanca University Faculty of
Sciences M'sik Casablanca Morocco
Said El Jamali, Regional Center of Trades of Education and Training Casablanca Morocco
Noureddine Dihaj, Delegation of Berrechid, Academy Chaouia Ouardigha, Ministry of National Education
Morocco
Mohamed Radida*, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials Hassan II Casablanca University Faculty of
Sciences M'sik Casablanca Morocco
Abstract
The ruling objective of our research is to assess the grasp by students (Option: SMC) of certain chemical
thermodynamic concepts that are being learnt in S2 as well as ensure the interpretation of certain organic
chemistry phenomena. Our aim is also related to highlighting conceptual difficulties encountered by students.
For this end, we conducted an evaluation test for the students of Ben M’sik Science Faculty option: SMC (S4,
S6, Master and Doctorate). This test consists of seven questions that we have selected in such a way as to
secure objectivity, non-redundant and providing a feedback as to the degree of mastering chemical
thermodynamic concepts by students.
In order to expand our database revealing the students conception of the thermodynamic chemistry concepts,
we considered examining the answers to a question related to the first test (Option: SMC, level S2). So, we
examined 956 exam papers. This number represents the total number of examinees.
The result showed a flaw in the grasp of certain basic concepts of thermodynamic chemistry studied in S2. This
problem was noticed at a variety of levels of studies (S2, S4, S6, Master’s degree, Doctorate) .Therefore,
students move from one level to another carrying with them weaknesses which hinder their future learning.
Key words: student’s difficulties, concepts; thermodynamic chemistry; evaluation
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Mohamed Radida, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials Hassan II

Casablanca University Faculty of Sciences M'sik Casablanca Morocco. E-mail address:mradid@gmail.com
On Differences in the Use of Hedging in English and

Armenian Academic Discourse
Yelena Mkhitaryan, PhD, professor, head of chair of Germanic languages, faculty of Foreign languages,
Kh.Abovian Armenian State Pedagogical University, Yerevan, Armenia
Sona Tumanyan, instructor of chair of Germanic languages, faculty of Foreign languages, Kh.Abovian Armenian
State Pedagogical University, Yerevan, Armenia
Abstract
The aim of the present paper is to show differences in the ways scientific discourse is presented in English and
Armenian. The first part of the paper examines hedging as one of the features that distinguish English scientific
discourse from that of many languages. It focuses on the use of hedges in the English and Armenian academic
writing, revealing considerable differences between them – English characterized by an abundant use of
hedges, in contrast to Armenian least characterized by this feature. It also considers the difference in the
character of hedges used in the related languages: English manifests diverse forms of hedging - modal words
(verbs, nouns, adjectives, and adverbs), approximators, impersonal and passive constructions, if-clauses, etc.,
while Armenian uses predominately modal words. The second part of the paper considers the pragmalinguistic
aspect of hedging, emphasizing the fact that the lack of hedges may have a negative perlocutionary effect and
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that the strategies employed in the unhedged discourse could be considered as face-threatening acts,
functioning as a means of imposition on the reader or listener. The final part presents various types of
assignments for Armenian students to achieve competence in the appropriate use of hedges. These include
rewriting, inserting, translation with variation and other exercises, which would help students present their
critical views on various issues in a more acceptable communicative fashion.
Key words: scientific discourse; modality; hedge;unhedged; pragmalinguistic; face-threatening act; vagueness;
confidence.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Yelena Mkhitaryan, PhD, professor, head of chair of Germanic languages,
faculty of Foreign languages, Kh.Abovian Armenian State Pedagogical University, Yerevan, Armenia.
E-mail address:helenmkhitaryan@yahoo.com
Utilising Mobile-Augmented Reality for Learning Human

Anatomy
Siti Salmi Jamali, School of Engineering & Information Technology, School of Multimedia Technology &
Communication, Universiti Utara,06010, Sintok, Kedah, Malaysia.
Mohd Fairuz Shiratuddin, School of Engineering & Information Technology, Malaysia.
Kok Wai Wong,School of Engineering & Information Technology, Malaysia.
Charlotte Oskam, School of Veterinary & Life Sciences Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, Perth,
WA 6150, Australia.
Abstract
Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology that augments reality with either two or three dimensional computer
generated imagery (CGI), objects and/or information, and allows users to interact with them. AR on mobile
devices are evolving and offer a great deal of potential in terms of learning and training. This paper discusses
the development process of a mobile prototype learning environment that utilises mobile-Augmented Reality
(mAR). The prototype is called the Human Anatomy in Mobile Augmented Reality or HuMAR, and the selected
learning topic is the anatomy of the human skeletal structure. The main objective of HuMAR is to aid students
and it could potentially enhance their learning process. There has been a report stating that there is a decline in
retaining and generating long lasting information longer when learning the abovementioned topic. This paper
describes the theory, concept, prototype development and results of HuMAR taken from a pilot test. The pilot
test used the experimental method with science’s students from three different universities. The objectives of
the pilot test were to consolidate users’ experience from a didactic and technical point of view. Based on the
results of the pilot test, it is concluded that students were satisfied with HuMAR in terms of its usability and
features; which in turn could have a positive impact in their learning process.
Key words: Learning environment; mobile-Augmented Reality; motivation; prototype; system requirements
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Siti Salmi Jamali, School of Engineering & Information Technology, School
of Multimedia Technology & Communication, Universiti Utara,06010, Sintok, Kedah, Malaysia.
E-mail address:s.jamali@murdoch.edu.au
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THE EFFECT OF PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT COURSE ON
THE SELF-EFFICACY OF EMPLOYEES GRADUATED FROM THE
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Salih Aka * , Graduate School of Social Sciences, Akdeniz University Antalya Turkey
Gokhan Akyuz, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Akdeniz University Antalya Turkey
Abstract
Producing fast and accurate solutions to the problems influences process efficiency in the work life.
Organizations need employees who are with high self-efficacy, and can overcome problems easily. In the
literature, self-efficacy is defined as an individual’s belief to achieve the goals determined and his/her
resistance against to problems. Experiences, achievements, and self-confidence are the factors that enhance
self-efficacy. Various solution methods for the problems encountered in manufacturing and service industries
are introduced in the production management course. Thus, students have opportunities to experience the
problems before encountering with them in the future. This paper is continuation of the research that
measures the effect of production management course on the self-efficacy of students who have not yet
graduated from the Department of Business Administration. Therefore, this study aims to measure the effect of
production management course on the self-efficacy of employees graduated from the Department of Business
Administration. A survey will be conducted to collect data. Factors of self-efficacy will be generated by
statistical analysis, and the effect of production management course on the self-efficacy of employees will be
examined.
Key words: Production Management, Production Management Course, Self-efficacy
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Salih Aka, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Akdeniz University Antalya
Turkey. E-mail address:salihaka@akdeniz.edu.tr
DEVELOPING SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY TEACHING IN RURAL SCHOOLS IN

MALAYSIA: A COLLABORATIVE ACTION RESEARCH PROJECT
Mohd Syafiq Aiman Mat Noor* , Institute of Education, University of LondonUnited Kingdom
Abstract
The collaborative action research presented in this paper examines how two young primary school science
teachers in a rural area of Eastern Malaysia implemented scientific inquiry teaching in the classroom. The aims
of this study are to help these two teachers using scientific inquiry teaching in engaging students’ literacy in
science. This research employs the model by Kemmis and McTaggart (1988) as a framework containing two
cycles of research action. The idea of introducing scientific inquiry teaching is based on the initial observations
of these two teachers, who had a lack of knowledge about, understanding of and inexperience in implementing
scientific inquiry teaching in the science classroom. Hence, the researcher helped these teachers in developing
a scientific inquiry-teaching module collaboratively and implemented it in the classroom. Data was collected
using qualitative approaches and has been analysed descriptively. The results of the research indicated that the
teachers’ increased knowledge and understanding in teaching scientific inquiry was influenced by teaching and
learning strategies, using developed module and lesson plans. Ultimately, the collaborative action research
process itself provided a systematic way of examining teachers current practice and a structure to enable them
to plot their professional development path for the future.
Key words: Scientific inquiry, rural school, collaborative action research.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Mohd Syafiq Aiman Mat Noor, Institute of Education, University of
LondonUnited Kingdom. E-mail address:syafiq_man@yahoo.com
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Analysis of professional practices inspectors of education -
training in Morocco: A cross-sectional, descriptive and
qualitative study
Mohamed Essaoudi, Center of Education Inspectors’ training (CFIE), Rabat, Morocco.
Raja Lotfı, Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS), Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco.
Mohammed Talbi, Research Observatory in Didactic and Teaching University (ORDIPU), Ben M'sik Faculty,
Hassan II University, Mohammedia-Casablanca, Morocco.
Mohamed Radid, Research Observatory in Didactic and Teaching University (ORDIPU), Ben M'sik Faculty,
Hassan II University Mohammedia-Casablanca, Morocco.
Abstract
This cross-sectional, descriptive and qualitative research had a threefold purpose: 1) to identify and describe
different effective professional duties of the "expert" inspector of education; 2) contribute to the development
of a competency framework of the inspector; 3) deduce the real training needs of inspectors. Our study was
conducted with two groups of people: the experienced inspectors (P1) and students - inspectors have
completed initial training (P2). P1 was doubly solicited through a questionnaire ordinal Likert scale, and a semi
structured interview. While P2 was solicited by a weekly board followed by a deferred interview in order to
explain their pedagogical choices and their professional practices. The quantitative analysis of our data was
performed by SPSS 20 software, while qualitative data were processed twice by the thematic content analysis
(Bardin, 2007) and the cognitivo-discursive analysis (Ghiglione, 1998). Analysis of data collected by the weekly
report was analyzed by the model of satellite information’s of action (Vermersch, 2006). In general, 62
professional tasks have been described by P1 against 51 tasks identified by P2. We identify four major groups
of professional skills for the job of inspector among the P1; and five groups for the P2. According to P1, the
tasks of control and inspection are predominant, followed by monitoring and evaluation tasks and those
coaching-training. Whereas for P2, there is a predominance of missions successively methodological,
institutional and relational character. At a second level, the inspector of education in Morocco performed
globally and unevenly 12 roles. The daily practices of inspectors have largely evolved into tasks increasingly
routine, administrative and relatively short. For such tasks, the inspector requires skills rather "technical",
disciplinary and incorporated. At the end of our study, we were able to identify ten major tasks of the inspector
of education. The exploitation of all results allowed us to develop a professional profile of inspector of
education in Morocco.
Key words: Professional practices, tasks, activities and roles of the inspector, professional skills.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Mohamed Essaoudi, Center of Education Inspectors’ training (CFIE), Rabat,
Morocco.E-mail address:essaoudimohamed@gmail.com
“Puppet-Story Telling” as Early Prevention of Corruption in

Teaching Students on Early Childhood Education”
Muhamad Zainuri*, Jember Univeristy, Jember 68151, Indonesia
Abstract
This paper discusses alternative way to prevent the existence of corruption in the future living. It is done by
applying “Puppet-Story Telling”. We know that Corruption now becomes the worst problem in the world. Many
countries are poor because of Corruption. Corruption is indicated as a crime that it steals t money of the
country. This makes the country in poverty. There have been many ways to combat corruption. Yet, there is still
no way in preventing corruption in the future. Here, preventing is necessary since in the early childhood. In that
age, children will easily grab so many knowledge and put them in their long-term memory. One of the ways of
prevention is by implementing Puppet-Story telling. In this story telling, the story teller will include many
positive values of life, such as honesty, responsibility,etc. In this case, children will get the funny story and
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indirectly learnt good values that those relate to say no to corruption. This method has already been tried out
to some students in a certain school and gives big impact. Hopefully, by applying this method, the world will be
free from corruption.
Key words: corruption, prevention, story-telling
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Muhamad Zainuri, Jember Univeristy, Jember 68151, Indonesia.

E-mail address:zay_incredible@yahoo.co.id
Self-knowledge and Adolescence

Çağla Gür* , Turgut Özal University, Ankara, Turkey
Abstract
In this study, self-knowledge of 9th grade students was examined. The study sample consisted of 30 (15 girls
and 15 boys) 9th grade students from middle socio-economic level. The schools and students involved in the
research were selected randomly; however students that were known to have suffered traumas or
psychological problems were excluded from the study in consultation with the class teachers and school
guidance counselors. The materials used were therapeutic cards (Mythos cards, Habitat cards, Persona and
Personita cards - the cards were approved for use by adolescents by five field specialists), white A4 papers and
pastel paints. The students were then asked to choose cards and afterwards create drawings and explain their
stories that they draw. The drawings were evaluated by the researcher. It was seen that the adolescents
identify themselves by using their future professions (their dreams), associate important events in their lives
with their own birth dates and educational lives, describe happiness as spending more time with friends ,anger
as being alone more frequently, studying and being directed by others, trust as families and unity/soliditary and
insecurity as loneliness and hypocrisy.
Key words: Self-knowledge; adolescents; therapeutic cards
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Çağla Gür, Turgut Özal University, Ankara, Turkey.

E-mail address:cgur@turgutozal.edu.tr
Meaning in Life with Self-Determination Perspective in High

School Students
Nur DEMİRBAŞ, Profilo Teknik ve Endüstri Meslek Lisesi, İstanbul.
Abstract
The aim of the study is to test structural equation model in which the relationship between basic psychological
need satisfaction and meaning in life is mediated by self-determination. Sample of the study is consist of 348
High School Student (209 men, 139 women) in İstanbul. The ages of the participants ranged between 15 and 18
with a mean of 16.4 (SD = 9.31). In order to gather data, Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction Scale (BPNS),
Self-Determination Scale (SDS) and the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) were used. The data were
analyzed by using SPSS 20 and LISREL 8.8. A test of the structural model resulted in good fit to the data with the
following statistics: [χ2 (86, N = 348) = 151.11, p < 0.05; GFI = 0.98; CFI = 0.95; SRMR = 0.053; RMSEA = 0.047
(90 % CI for RMSEA = 0.034; 0.059)]. The results revealed that self-determination fully mediated the
relationship between satisfaction of basic psychological needs and search of the meaning in life in high school
students. Self-determination did not mediate the relationship between basic psychological needs and presence
of meaning in life. However, results also showed significant positive relationship between basic psychological
needs satisfaction and presence of meaning in life. The results and limitations of the study were discussed and
recommendations have been provided to the psychological counselors.
Key words: Basic psychological needs, self-determination, presence of meaning in life, search of meaning in life
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Nur Demirbaş, Profilo Teknik ve Endüstri Meslek Lisesi, İstanbul.
E-mail address:demirbas.nur@gmail.com
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Research Trends in Dissertations on PBL: A Content Analysis
Study
Tolga ERDOGAN * , Larissa, 41334, Greece
Abstract
Problem-based learning as an educational practice continues to have large impacts on all levels of education
and across different disciplines. The aim of this study is to investigate the research trends in studies of
problem-based learning (PBL) from 2002 to 2013 in Turkey. For this purpose, the master’s and doctoral
dissertations in the National Thesis Database of Council of Higher Education (CoHE) were selected for rigorous
content analysis. The analysis was utilized to classify the type of study, the learning domains, research designs,
research domains, subject groups, group sizes, and length of treatments. For analysis purposes, frequencies
and percentages were calculated for each category. According to analysis results, science is the most favorable
learning domain, quantitative design is more utilized as compared to qualitative and quantitative design,
cognition and affect followed by cognition only are the mostly utilized research domains, subject groups are
predominantly at elementary education level and secondly from teacher education, studies preferred to have a
group size of 41-80, and finally the experimental treatments on PBL research last mostly 4 weeks and 6 weeks.
Key words: Problem-based learning; content analysis; research trend; PBL dissertations
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Tolga Erdogan, Larissa, 41334, Greece.

E-mail address:tolgasensei@gmail.com
Target-oriented research of the strategic programmes on

chess activities as specialized experimental platform for
dynamic development of public education
Srbuhi Gevorgyan, * , Doctor, Professor of Psychology, ASPU, 17, Tigran Mets avenue, Yerevan 0010, Armenia.
Vladimir Karapetyan, Doctor, Professor of Psychology, ASPU, 17, Tigran Mets avenue, Yerevan 0010, Armenia.
Ruzanna Petrosyan,PhD, Associate Professor, ASPU, 17, Tigran Mets avenue, Yerevan 0010, Armenia.
Abstract
Since 2011 chess has been included in Armenian elementary school curriculum as a compulsory subject, raising
discussions among educators, psychologist and in general public. This paper presents the positive influence of
teaching chess as a compulsory subject on elementary-school children’s academic performance in Armenian
schools, and their self-exploratory activities (situation analysis, defense management, stepwise planning, and
effective activities) facilitated by a chess player-coach, influencing positively on the development of learning
motivations. Experiments have been carried out in 3 experimental classes with a chess player-coach involved,
and had 3 control groups with no trainer’s supervision. The results allow concluding that structured searching
activities, purposeful observation in chess game together with success gained motivate pupils boosting the
learning motivation.
Key words: stimulating model/role; persistent spontaneous feedback; cognitive / epistemological resources of
chess; higher psychological activities; public consciousness; subjective or individual awareness; the level of
perception and evaluation; the intellectual value of chess; chess as an educational value; concentration of
attention; virtualization; chess as a social value.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Srbuhi Gevorgyan, Doctor, Professor of Psychology, ASPU, 17, Tigran Mets
avenue, Yerevan 0010, Armenia. E-mail address:gevorgyan_26@mail.ru
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Using technology to introduce frequent assessments for
effective learning: Registering student perceptions
Tenia Kyriazi*, Middlesex University Dubai, Knolwedge Village, Dubai, P.O. BOX 500697, UAE
Abstract
Scholars and practitioners seeking to find ways to introduce assessment schemes that promote effective
learning have called for the introduction of more frequent and more diversified assessment tasks that are
aligned with learning outcomes and teaching strategies. The use of available technological tools, such as online
student management platforms, can facilitate the introduction of frequent and diversified assessment tasks,
making it user friendly, as well as, cost and time-effective. The present study attempts to register student
perceptions on the impact of frequent assessments with the use of technology on effective learning, in the
context of a third year Business undergraduate course in an overseas campus of a British University. A mixed
(qualitative/quantitative) research methodology study is conducted in the course of nine weeks with a sample
of 30 students. A repeated measures ANOVA is used for quantitative data analysis and Content Analysis is
applied to process the qualitative data.
Key words: continuous summative assessment; e-assessment; effective learning; student perceptions
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Tenia Kyriazi, Middlesex University Dubai, Knolwedge Village, Dubai, P.O.
BOX 500697, UAE. E-mail address:T.Kyriazi@mdx.ac
University Students’ Perceptions and Attitudes of the Freedom of

Claiming Their Educational Rights
Prof. Dr. Recep Cengiz Akçay,Hasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi, Gaziantep, Türkiye.
Yrd. Doç. Dr. Püren Akçay Üzüm, Hasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi, Gaziantep, Türkiye.
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to define perceptions and attitudes of university students about freedom of
claiming their rights. Within the framework of this purpose it is intented to reveal whether university students’
are adequate on conceptual knowledge about freedom of claiming their rights. Towards this purpose, it is
planned to be asked the following questions:
• To what extent do you feel your self adequate on conceptual knowledge about freedom of claiming your
rights?
• To what extent are you aware of your rights in education?
• To what extent are you aware of the ways of claiming your rights in education by administrative or
judicial procedure?
Research was designed within the framework of phenomenology which is one of the qualitative research
designs. The study was conducted with 10 students from EGE University in the academic year of 2014-2015.
The participants of the study were determined with the purposeful sampling method in two phases. In the first
phase of determining the study group, the criterion sampling method was used. In this study, the criteria
determined for selection of the study group was confronted with infringement or negligence. 10 students
meeting these criteria were determined. In the second phase of shaping the research study group students
were determined with the opposite situation purposeful sampling method (Yıldırım & Şimşek, 2008). According
to opposite situation sampling, method determined with 5 students who have an experience of claiming right
and 5 students who don’t have any experience of claiming right. In this research, students were interviewed in
accordance with semi-structured interview technique. Datas were analyzed with induction analyzing method
and the findings of research were debated by comparing with literature. Findings and result part of the
research are still preparing. These parts will be completed till to the date of sending full text date.
Key words: Freedom of ClaimingRights, Right of Education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Prof. Dr. Recep Cengiz Akçay, Hasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi, Gaziantep,
Türkiye. E-mail address:cengiz_akcay@hotmail.com
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TEACHING STRATEGIES TO TRAIN GRADUATES IN PSYCHOLOGY AT A COLLEGE
IN RÍO CUARTO (ARGENTINA)
Lucrecia Piñeiro*, Facultad de Educación, Universidad Católica de Cuyo.
Abstract
This is a research entitled "The teaching strategies used by teachers to train graduates in psychology at a
university in Río Cuarto", describing teaching practices related to education of graduate in psychology at
Universidad Católica de Cuyo. There were two questions: Which are the strategies of teaching practices? What
aspects are privileged on psychologists’ training so they can be inserted into the current work context, in order
to identify instructional practices for learning the skills they need to develop?
Methodology was a descriptive and exploratory research design (Montero and León, 2007), from 30 structured
interviews and the identification of approximately ten competences from a pre-existing list; from November
2012 to March 2013.
As specific practical were highlighted among the findings: case analysis, management review, interviews, focus
groups, practices in institutions, research projects with supervision, role playing or simulations, and practical
field work (action research). Regarding the assessment procedures, mostly mentioned individual written
examination for beingdeveloped and oral final examination.
Representations of being a good psychologist were based on the knowledge of his own limitations by the
professional, being empathetic, ethical, responsible, to be able for work in teams, to be permanently forming
and monitored.
Most mentioned skills (18-12 times) were: to analyze the context in which behaviors, needs and requirements
of the recipients; to know social and anthropological human dimension; to know functions, features and
limitations of theoretical models; to know the different fields of psychology; various methods of assessment,
diagnosis and treatment; to know processes and stages of development; ethical commitment and teamwork.
We are interested in continuing to study the strategies required by the institutions, the impact of professional
practice and what happens in other universities.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Lucrecia Piñeiro, Facultad de Educación, Universidad Católica de Cuyo.

E-mail address:eees@uccuyo.edu.ar
A Look at AUA Pre-school English Program through the Lens

of Montessori Pedagogy
Mariam Suren Khachatryan*, English Language Instructor, American University of Armenia, Armenia.
Abstract
This research study aims at investigating the pedagogy of the AUA Pre-school English program from the
perspective of the Montessori Method. The problem is to find out to what extent it is possible to combine
Montessori Pedagogy with the Pedagogy of the Pre-school, as the teachers apply different approaches for
teaching. Thus, to reach the aim of the study the convergences and divergences between the Montessori and
foreign language pedagogies were investigated in terms of teacher and student roles, materials and
environment, sensory development and language use by both the teachers and learners.
The mixed methods type of research was chosen for the study, where the qualitative analysis was done
through classroom observation checklists and interviews with the program teachers, and the quantitative
analysis was done through eight audio-video recordings of the class sessions.
The findings of the research showed that the implementation of the Montessori Pedagogy in the “AUA Pre-
school” English program is quite possible as the convergences outweighed the divergences. Besides, the
research revealed that bringing the general development of kids and English language instruction into a
balance is sometimes a challenging task, but again, it is possible in the context of the “AUA Pre-school English
Program”.
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The findings of the current research study gave the opportunity to come up with the following specific
recommendations for the AUA Pre-school English Program teachers:
Reduce the frequency of work cycle interruptions during the play sessions,
Pay more attention on the sensory development of children,
Do storytelling more often,
Avoid using expressions of too much praise or expressions of forbidding something,
Add more materials in the environment the Pre-school which focus on specific features,
Try to create a balance between the freedom of children and enough meaningful linguistic input that they
receive.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Mariam Suren Khachatryan, English Language Instructor, American

University of Armenia, Armenia. E-mail address:mariam.s.kha@gmail.com
Teacher Assessment: The Gap between Formal Regulations,

Organizational Objectives and Students’ Expectations
Monica Puscas * , PhD Candidate, National University of Political Studies and Public Administration, NUPSPA,
Bucharest, 012104, Romania.
Abstract
Student Centered Learning is a very popular principle amongst European educational policies and Higher
Education organizational regulation, but is there really a question risen on which are the students’ interest or
educational desires? According to recent studies, students often expect to understand issues related to real life
problems, they expect teachers who will help them learn and have a positive impact on their way of thinking
and feeling about themselves and the world. Also, in the European economical context, students expect from
their university social and professional opportunities and guidance in finding a job and building a career. The
problem is that taking a closer look to formal regulations, and there are plenty of them (quality assurance
regulations, internal evaluation regulations, international assessments), we might notice a gap between
normative objectives and students expectations. In this paper I will focus on regulations and students
expectations regarding teachers’ assessment in the Romanian Higher Education System. After analyzing the
coherence of the regulatory system regarding teachers’ assessment and studies about students’ expectations, I
applied a survey to 52 students from 17 Romanian universities in order to find out which are their educational
needs and desires and how important the items required by the regulations are, from this point of view.
Key words: Teacher Assesment; Quality Assurance; Student Centred Learning; Higher Education;
Students’Educational Needs
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Monica Puscas, PhD Candidate, National University of Political Studies and
Public Administration, NUPSPA, Bucharest, 012104, Romania.
E-mail address:monicaipuscas@gmail.com
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Group Counseling for Reducing the Anxiety in Parents of
Children with Autism
Jarin Boonsuchat * , Autistic Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
Abstract
This research is conducted through quasi - experimental research methodology. The purpose is to study the
anxiety of parents of children with autism and to compare pre-and post the results of group counseling.
The target groups in this research are parents of children with autism from the Autistic Research Center and
Khon Kaen Autism Parents Association. The representative sample populations are the parents of children with
autism from Autistic Research Center and Khon Kaen Autism Parents Association who answered the anxiety
questionnaires and volunteers conducted the group counseling. The total sampled population is 20 people
divided into two groups, a control group and a sample group. The assessment instruments used in this research
are the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) from Steilberger’s questionnaires and the program of group
counseling, the Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Signed- Ranks Test and The Mann – Whitney U Test. Results of this
research after group counseling intervention showed a decreased level of anxiety in the parents of children
with autism with a statistical significance of .05
Key words: Anxiety, Group Counseling, Autistic Parents
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Jarin Boonsuchat, Autistic Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon
Kaen 40002, Thailand. E-mail address:piysri1@kku.ac.th
Comparison of Corncob and Corn Using asnFungal Culture

Medium
Jaruwan Chutrtong * , Industrial Microbiology Department, Suansunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok
10300, Thailand
Abstract
The key factor of powerful scientific studies is experiment. This research studied how to use cereals and waste
from it to achieve value. Corn or maize is the most widely grown grain crop. It is very practical. It is used as
staple food, major source of cooking oil and grown to feed for livestock. Starch from maize can be made into
syrups plastics, fabrics, adhesives, and many other chemical products and also fermented and distilled to
produce alcohol. This research aims to compare pigment synthetic of Neurospora sp., widely used as a model
organism in genetics research, when use corn, dry corncob and potato dextrose agar as culture medium. After
fully grow up, extracted mycelium pigment with 95% ethyl alcohol. Then measure the absorbance of the
pigment by spectrophotometer at wavelength 450.5 nanometer. The results showed that the best growth of
Neurospora cultured on dry corncob was sample which added water (for moisture) 90 % w/w. While the best
growth of Neurospora cultured on corn was sample which added water only 15 % w/w. When compare the
intensity of mycelium pigment, it was found that corncob is the best medium for pigment synthetic of
Neurospora. Absorbance of pigment extract from mycelium culture on corncob was 0.64(diluted 5X). As the
absorbance of pigment extract from mycelium culture on corn and PDA were only 0.34(diluted 5X) and
0.35(diluted 2X).
Key words: corn, corncob, fungal, medium
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Jaruwan Chutrtong, Industrial Microbiology Department, Suansunandha

Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand.
E-mail address:jaruwan.ch@ssru.ac.th
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The self-care behaviors of the western son-in-laws in Isaan’s
rural
Rujee Charupash*, Sirindhron College of Public Health Khon Kaen Province Khon Kaen
Province,40000,Thailand.
Abstract
Objective: to study the self- care behaviors of the western son-in-laws who lives in the countryside outside in
the Isaan region and to study the consumption of food and medicine, Exercise, Relaxation, Stress Management,
Disease Prevention and Health Promotion and Environmental Management. A qualitative study used Snow-ball
Sampling technique to sample 6 foreigners who came from Europe and married to Thai wives in rural areas of
Udon Thani province and Khon Kaen province .Data were collected by interview guide, analyzed using
percentages and frequencies.
Results:
1.The consumption of food and medicine. The samples with health problems who makes a kind, type of food,
amount of alcohol, making dietary requirements of the disease , including a doctor's appointment to get a
prescription every time and if they had a minor illness to self-medication by the pharmacy.
2. The exercise. Every sample has exercise behavior which is different depending on the time available and the
health of the individual. Such as walking around the village vegetable gardening, jogging, bicycling, golfing
and bicycling
3. Leader in vacation, the samples, with various forms is to rest at home with the leisure sports such as golf,
fishing, drinking, and socializing with foreign friends together in a pub.
4. The environmental management, every sample families use and maintain cleanliness in and around the
home.
5. Disease prevention and health promotion. The samples with chronic diseases must be maintained as well as
prevent more symptoms or disease recurrence and to have a medical examination by a doctor everytimes.
6. Stress management. Such as joining, talk or drink at a pub in the city. Sports such as jogging, walking, cycling
and a trip to visit the famous tourist in Thailand.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Rujee Charupash, Sirindhron College of Public Health Khon Kaen Province
Khon Kaen Province, 40000,Thailand. E-mail address:rcharupasg09@gmail.com
The Effect of Training Package Development in Preparing the

Readiness for Secondary School Students in the
Northeastern of Thailand toward ASEAN Community
Piyawan Srisuruk,Demonstration School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
Ladda Silanoi* , Faculty of Education, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
Abstract
The purpose of this research were: 1) to create a training package to prepare secondary school students in
northeastern of Thailand toward ASEAN Community 2) to compare the knowledge of secondary school
students in the northeast of Thailand toward ASEAN before and after use training package and 3) the
expectations of the students in the northeast of their own preparation for the ASEAN community. Experimental
research was used in this research. The subject was including 2,000 students who were randomly divided into
groups of seven provinces. The research instrument consisted of training package to prepare secondary school
students in northeastern of Thailand toward ASEAN Community and a test of knowledge developed by the
researcher. The statistics used in data analysis were percentage (Percentage) average (Mean), standard
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deviation (SD). The average of the test before and after using a training package of student samples was T-test
for dependent samples.
The research results showed that
1. A training package to prepare secondary school students in northeastern of Thailand toward ASEAN
Community. The effectiveness index (EI) was 0.57, according to the established criteria.
2. A Comparison of pretest and posttest results found the use of cognitive training may vary. Statistically
significant at the .05 level which mean pretest 5.56 and posttest 6.75 and the average score was 1.19
with 7 different schools.
3. An expectation of the secondary school students in the preparation of role into ASEAN Community
found that the students are expected to comply with the three pillars of ASEAN Community include :
1) the political and security 2) Economic and 3) the social and cultural. The students who participated
in a concept that reflects the knowledge and attitudes to prepare themselves for the ASEAN
community.
Key words: ASEAN Community, Training Package;
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ladda Silanoi, Faculty of Education, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen
40002, Thailand.. E-mail address:piysri1@kku.ac.th
Hedging in Academic Writing - A Pedagogically-Motivated

Qualitative Study
Loi Chek Kim* , Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Labuan International Campus, PPIB, Jalan Sungai Pagar, 87000,
Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan, Malaysia
Jason Miin-Hwa Lim, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, PPIB, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
Abstract
The present study explores the use of hedges in academic writing based on Hyland’s (1996) pragmatic
framework of hedging orientations. It also elicits insight from specialist informants on the use of hedges in
academic writing. The corpus comprises thirty randomly-selected research article discussions (published
between 2010-2014) from the Journal of English for Academic Purposes. The analysis reveals that a repertoire
of lexical signals and hedging strategies have been used to realize the different hedging orientations employed
in the corpus. Informants stated that second language learners’ inability to use hedges in their academic prose
could be due to socio-cultural factor, classroom instruction, disciplinary culture and disciplinary appeals. The
present study has pedagogical implications
Key words: Hedging, academic writing, pedagogical implication, linguistic knowledge, pragmatic competence
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Loi Chek Kim, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Labuan International Campus,
PPIB, Jalan Sungai Pagar, 87000, Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan, Malaysia. E-mail address:lck734@yahoo.com
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Cultural context of career management in civil service
Andrius Valickas, Mykolas Romeris University, Ateities str. 20, Vilnius, LT-08303, Lithuania
Rasa Pilkauskaite-Valickiene, Mykolas Romeris University, Ateities str. 20, Vilnius, LT-08303, Lithuania
Abstract
Cultural context has much influence on understanding of career phenomena and career management
alternatives suggested by the organizations or wider social systems supporting, deforming or even suppressing
individuals’ career management processes. Culture undoubtedly influences career decisions made by
individuals. Such variables operating in any culture as societal positions’ structure, attitudes to power and its
acquisition possibilities, attitudes to personal development could be rightly advocated in terms of whether they
provide contextual explanations of individual career behaviour. The purpose of the research was to investigate
cultural career development factors in the Lithuanian organizations, in particular public sector organizations.
Such factors as career mobility, career aspirations, career and work identity construction efforts, internal and
external career barriers were empirically investigated and evaluated in the sample of 523 randomly selected
Lithuanian civil servants. The conclusions are drawn that cultures legitimize career management practices
performed by the institutions of society and that influences individuals’ career behaviours through attitudes,
belief, perceptions, and expectations towards career. Expression of G. Hofstede’s cultural dimensions has
effects on the institutions managing individual careers and the individuals’ enactment of careers. In command-
type economies career choices, which imply individual autonomy, were not considered important. Having
previously acquired patterns of career regulating behaviour that worked in the socialist system, institutions are
unwilling to change in the face of new realities. Low levels of career mobility and low evaluations of career
possibilities confirm these statements. Career behaviour of civil servants in Lithuanian civil service is still very
significantly regulated by institutional frameworks.
Key words: Career management, cultural context, cultural dimensions
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Andrius Valickas, Mykolas Romeris University, Ateities str. 20, Vilnius, LT-
08303, Lithuania E-mail address:rvalick@mruni.eu
Assessing the Economic, Social, and Environmental

Condition for the Sustainable Agricultural System Planning
in Ban Phaeo District, Samut Sakhonn Province, Thailand
Talisa Niemmanee,Department of Environmental Science, SuanSunandhaRajabhat University, Bangkok,
Thailand.
Rungsarid Kaveeta, Department of Agronomy, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Chakit Potchanasin, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Kasetsart University, Bangkok,
Thailand.
Abstract
griculture has long been important to Thailand development. Since 1960 the government promoted export-
oriented cash crop monoculture practice. After two decades the problems from intensive agriculture appeared
in 1980s. Those problems are, for example, worse soil condition, pollution, farmers’ debt, as well as, health
damage from intensive use of pesticide. Therefore, agriculture will not be sustainable. A sustainable agriculture
is the best solution. Nevertheless, there is no unique method for all regions or all countries. Each country has to
find its own way to attain sustainable agriculture itself under its ecological, economic, and social conditions.
The objectives of this paper are to study the existing agricultural systems cover on the economic, social, and
environmental condition and to plan the sustainable agricultural system. The tools were Rapid Rural Appraisal
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(RRA), Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, and Linear Programming.The results from the analyses bring about
suitable pattern of sustainable agriculture in this area. The important characteristics consist of 1) using the
mixed-cropping systems. which the most supplementary plants was string bean and the secondary was chili 2)
to reduce chemical fertilizer and pesticide, while using organic matter such as manure and other agricultural
residues as organic fertilizer.3) applying the knowledge gained from training to production systems
management, constant practicing, and sharing knowledge.
Key words: sustainable agriculture; agricultural planning; agriculture; sustainable.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Talisa Niemmanee, Department of Environmental Science, Suan Sunandha

Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand.E-mail address:talisa.ni@ssru.ac.th
Self-Regulated Capacity for Vocabulary Learning in Turkish

High School Students: An Experimental Study
Recep BİLİCAN, Aksaray University, Berat Cömertoğlu Vocational School, E-90 Karayolu Üzeri Şereflikoçhisar,
06950, Ankara, Turkey
Ayşegül Amanda YEŞİLBURSA, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Gölköy Kampüsü, Bolu Merkez, 14000, Bolu,
Turkey
Abstract
This study intended to investigate the general attitudes of a group of high school EFL students towards
language learning strategies, particularly vocabulary learning strategies, and to investigate whether or not one
month awareness-raising program for self-regulated vocabulary learning can increase the use of vocabulary
learning strategies autonomously and the rate of success among the students. At the time of the study all the
participants were in the same proficiency level (B1). The data were gathered through inventory, the self-
regulated capacity for vocabulary learning (the SRCvoc) prepared by Tseng, Dörnyei and Schmitt (2006), which
was translated to Turkish by a researcher with a PhD in ELT.
Key words: Learning strategies, self-regulated vocabulary learning, self regulated capacity
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Recep Bilican, Aksaray University, Berat Cömertoğlu Vocational School, E-
90 Karayolu Üzeri Şereflikoçhisar, 06950, Ankara, Turkey. E-mail address:recbil2000@yahoo.com
The Evaluation of Reproductive Health PhD Program in Iran:

A CIPP Model Approach
Mahshid AbdiShahshahani, MSc in midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical
Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Soheila Ehsanpour, Instructor, Department of Medical Education, Medical Education Research Center, Isfahan
University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Nikoo Yamani, Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Education, Medical Education Research Center,
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Shahnaz Kohan, Assistant Professor, Nursing & Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and
Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Babak Hamidfar*,MD, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the status of reproductive health PhD program based on the CIPP model in
domains of context, input, process and product in five nursing and midwifery schools in Iran in which the
program has been established. Data were collected through the five researcher-made questionnaires which
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distinctively constructed for five groups of participants - heads of departments, faculty members, directors of
libraries, graduates and students- and a checklist for equipment evaluation. The results of the study indicate
that the status of Reproductive Health PhD program was fairly appropriate. Continuous evaluation and
improvement of the inappropriate and fairly appropriate indicators is essential to enhance the quality of the
program.
Key words: CIPP evaluation model; Indicators; Iran; Program evaluation; Reproductive health
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Babak Hamidfar, MD, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
E-mail address:b.hamidfar@gmail.com
Students’ Views on the Teacher as an Information Provider

Liliana-Luminiţa Todorescu, Department for Teaching Training, "Politehnica” University of Timişoara, Piata
Victoriei, no.2, Timisoara 300006, Romania
Maria-Monica Popescu-Mitroi *,Department for Teaching Training, "Politehnica” University of Timişoara Piata
Anca Greculescu,Department of Communication in Foreign Languages, University Politehnica of Bucharest,
Splaiul Independentei, no. 313, Bucharest 050107, Romania
Abstract
The current research tackles the main activities performed by the teacher in his/her capacity of an information
provider, from a modern approach, and highlights those types of activities highly as well as less. The target
group consisted of 80 first year engineering students, studying at UPT. A 28 dichotomic item questionnaire was
devised (such as self-development/student development activities), including the main activities related to the
didactic role of information provider. Moreover, the results of the present study indicate that students place
greater emphasis on the activities likely to trigger personal development or addressing the emotional aspect of
the professor-student relationship, the quality of information, didactic transposition, teaching process as
opposed to activities dealing with the teacher’s professional development and students’ involvement in the
knowledge process.
Key words: teacher’s role, information provider, students’ views, activities related to the role of information
provider.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Maria-Monica Popescu-Mitroi, Department for Teaching Training,

"Politehnica” University of Timişoara Piata Victoriei, no.2, Timisoara 300006, Romania.
E-mail address:monicamitroi@yahoo.com
Student Management Teams as a means of communication

and learning experience satisfaction
Eleni Petkari* , Middlesex University Dubai, Knowledge Village, Dubai, P.O. BOX 500697, UAE
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the contribution of Student Management Teams (SMTs) in a large undergraduate
class and identify barriers and facilitators of the communication process and learning experience. SMTs were
put into practice supported by an Online Learning Management System (OLMS: easyclass). It was hypothesized
that students would positively evaluate their team participation, its role to the communication process and
learning experience and there would be positive associations between the LMS, communication and learning
experience. The results confirmed the hypotheses showing the effectiveness of SMTs, highlighting the use of
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OLMS and confirming the relationship between communication and learning experience satisfaction, also
supported by qualitative data.
Key words: Student Management Teams; communication; learning experience; barriers; facilitators
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Eleni Petkari, Middlesex University Dubai, Knowledge Village, Dubai, P.O.
BOX 500697, UAE. E-mail address:E.Petkari@mdx.ac
THE STUDENTS’ PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AS

PSYCHOLOGICAL COUNSELLORS
Rodica Gabriela Enache*, Ovidius University Constanța, Romania.
Abstract
Among several aspects involved, the concept of ‘diversity’ implies individual recognition of group differences,
treating people as individuals and valuing heterogeneity in school, community, and at the work place. In this
way, the premises for understanding and respecting each human being and each group may be ensured. The
intention of this study is to explore the essential qualities a counsellor must possess, and to develop these skills
in the students attending the undergraduate study programs Psychology and Social Work.
Key words: counseling skills, students, mediation
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Rodica Gabriela Enache, Ovidius University Constanța, Romania.

E-mail address:rodicaenache29@yahoo.com
Implementation Of Collaborative Learning To Enhance

Problem Solving Expertise In Enropy In High School Teaching
Hafid Sokrat,Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials Hassan II- Casablanca University Ben M'sik Faculty
of Sciences Casablanca Morocco
Soumia Tamani,Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials Hassan II- Casablanca University Ben M'sik
Faculty of Sciences Casablanca Morocco
Mohamed Radid,Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials Hassan II- Casablanca University Ben M'sik
Abstract
Improving problem solving abilities is a major challenge for teachers generally and mainly in chemistry and
physics, Such concepts as entropy require a lot of work from bo sides, and often students and teachers feel
powerless to advance in their search for expertise acquisition, In this article, we try to implement a new
perspective based on the theoretical model of expertise development, Vygotsky’s theory and collaborative
learning. Didactic problems is not a technical issue that can be solved by introducing content changes only. In
fact, didactic issues are more complex than that. We think that didactic researchers and specialists will have to
react as program engineers but also as social actors able to empower the actors to be autonomous in the
learning processes and the problem solving issues. Team supervises work, in Vygotsky’s perspective can help
students achieve their proximal zone development. The criterion referenced theory is also another important
aspect in our approach, it make the focus on the criteria to be achieved on the distribution of group norms. On
the other side, historical, ideological and linguistic issues cannot be missed to bring a comprehensive analysis of
didactic problems.
Key words: collaborative learning, entropy, didactic, problem solving.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Hafid Sokrat, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials Hassan II-
Casablanca University Ben M'sik Faculty of Sciences Casablanca Morocco.
E-mail address:sokrathafid@gmail.com
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Changes in Students’ Expectations from Teachers’ Roles in
Secondary Education
Maria-Monica Popescu-Mitroi*, Department for Teaching Training, "Politehnica” University of Timişoara, Piata
Anca Greculescu, Department of Communication in Foreign Languages, University Politehnica of Bucharest,
Abstract
The current research deals with a comparative analysis with regard to students’ perception and expectations
from roles assumed by the teaching staff in secondary education. Hence, the present study focuses on
identifying the most as well as the least important roles performed by high-school teachers and required by
students (2004 and 2014). The research reiterated a former study carried out in 2004, whose target group
consisted of students in their first academic year at the faculty of Chemistry, University “Politehnica” of
Timişoara, as beneficiaries of a course in pedagogy and, thus, familiar with the characteristics of the roles
identified by H. Morine. The analysis has not revealed significant differences in perception. Nevertheless, as far
as students’ expectations are concerned, significant differences have been recorded over a two year period in
terms of the following roles: behavior model and evaluator – highly appreciated in 2004, and creator of
learning situations and information provider – highly appreciated in 2014.
Key words: teacher role, information provider, behavior model, creator of learning situations, consultant,
evaluator and therapist, leader

"Politehnica” University of Timişoara, Piata Victoriei, no.2, Timisoara 300006, Romania.
E-mail address:monicamitroi@yahoo.com
Effect of institutional evaluation policies on private

universities in the Cuyo region
Ana María Graffigna* , Universidad Catolica de Cuyo. Av. José Ignacio de a Roza 1516 (oeste). San Juan 5400.
Argentina
Abstract
Latin American universities are currently dominated by evaluation policies implemented at the beginning of the
21st century. Both self-evaluation practices and external evaluation processes have created new ways of
looking at the institution that is the university and have brought about tension with previously rooted aspects
of the system.
Private universities in the Cuyo region of Argentina have also developed institutional evaluation processes out
of which new perspectives on institutional configurations have emerged. Their identitary grades, particular
management styles and center west location in Argentina means they have particular ways of functioning that
are occasionally identified as weaknesses in evaluative processes.
The complexity of social, political, economic-administrative and even geographical contexts have great
influence on the implementation of public policy. Such is also the case of that which occurs in academic
contexts. University evaluation policies seem to be designed following a logic that is spurious for the
organizational structure of private universities in the region.
The present work is part of a doctoral thesis whose objective is to understand the reach of the Argentine
state’s influence through the adoption of models of external evaluation inside private universities in the Cuyo
region, based on their relationship with the State and their organizational singularity. We specifically seek to
systematize the institutional evaluation experiences of private universities in the Cuyo region, describe the way
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in which evaluative practices are developed at our reference universities and understand the changes that have
come about from external evaluation at these institutions
Key words: university evaluation – private sector
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ana María Graffigna, Universidad Catolica de Cuyo. Av. José Ignacio de a
Roza 1516 (oeste). San Juan 5400. Argentina. E-mail address:agraffigna@uccuyo.edu.ar
Development of Social Skill Rating Scale for

Primary School Students-Teacher Form (SSRS-T) and
Analysis of its Psychometric Properties
Zeynep KARATAŞ* , Assoc Prof. Dr.,Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Education Faculty, Educational Sciences
Department, Burdur and 15100, Turkey
Ramazan SAĞ, Assoc Prof. Dr.,Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Education Faculty, Educational Sciences
Department, Burdur and 15100, Turkey
Derya Arslan, Assoc. Prof. Dr, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Education Faculty,Primary School Department,
Burdur and 15100, Turkey
Abstract
The aim of the study is to develop a new scale, called the “Social Skills Rating Scale for Primary School Students-
Teacher Form” (SSRS-T). This study was carried out on four different groups consisting of primary school
students from Burdur in Turkey. The psychometric properties of the Scale (SSRS-T) were analyzed by means of
item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, the first level of the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and internal
consistency and test-retest methods. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) results demonstrated that the scale
comprised two factors. As a result of the EFA, the factor loadings of 24 items in the two factors were found to
vary between 0.61 and 0.84. These two factors explained 64% of the total variance. CFA results demonstrated
that two dimensional model provides good fit as per obtained fit index values. The Scale (SSRS-T)’s internal
consistency coefficient and test-retest reliability coefficient were each determined to be 0.97 and 0.87. In
conclusion, Social Skills Rating Scale for Primary School Students can be used as a reliable and valid measure for
Turkish primary school students.
Key words: Social skils, primary school, primary school studentes, social skill rating scale
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Zeynep Karataş, Assoc Prof. Dr.,Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Education
Faculty, Educational Sciences Department, Burdur and 15100, Turkey.
E-mail address:zeynepkaratas@mehmetakif.edu.tr
Rhetorical critic's role and mission in communication

Băiaș Cosmin Constantin, Politehnica University Timișoara, Faculty of Communication Sciences, Department of
Communication and Foreign Languages, 2 Petre Râmneanţu (Oltul), Timişoara, 300596, România
Constantin Elena Claudi*, Politehnica University Timișoara, Faculty of Communication Sciences, Department of
Communication and Foreign Languages, 2 Petre Râmneanţu (Oltul), Timişoara, 300596, România
Abstract
The Classical Greco-Roman rhetoric is considered to be the humanist basis of the Western cultures. This study
aims to highlight the importance of the rhetorical tradition in the study of human communication. Rhetorical
criticism of science communication is one of the main approaches to qualitative textual analysis. In a meta-
theoretic approach our work tries to establish the specific rhetorical criticism as a qualitative, interpretative
and subjective discourse research method in our contemporary communicative society. We argue that the
teacher who teaches his students rhetorical criticism provides a range of methodological and educational clues
such as: understanding other people, clarification of the values, aesthetic appeal, community consensus and
changing of the society. After all, the rhetorical critic's role is to internalize and propose a Humanist alternative
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opposed to the dominant objective paradigm. Rhetorical critic's mission is to come up with his own discursive
voice which is meant to communicate on contemporary social and political challenges. In the spirit of the
methodological pluralism we believe that in the field of communication, the practitioners of the quantitative
and qualitative methods should enjoy recognition and mutual respect.
Key words: communication sciences, qualitative methods, rhetorical criticism, rhetorical theory, philosophy of
communication;
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Constantin Elena Claudi, Politehnica University Timișoara, Faculty of

Communication Sciences, Department of Communication and Foreign Languages, 2 Petre Râmneanţu (Oltul),
Timişoara, 300596, România. E-mail address:cosmin.baias@upt.ro , cosminbaias@yahoo.com,
elclconst@gmail.com
Engineering Students’ Career Choice and the English

Teacher’s Profile in Romanian Higher Education
Anca Greculescu, Department of Communication in Foreign Languages, University Politehnica of Bucharest,
Maria-Monica Popescu-Mitroi*, Department for Teaching Training, "Politehnica” University of Timişoara Piata
Abstract
Due to an increasingly globalized and technologically developed society and to growing professional
expectations from higher technical education systems in view of meeting the demands of a competitive
multicultural labour market, the English teacher’s profile becomes a prerequisite for the prospective engineers’
choice of career and occupational opportunities. It is worth mentioning that career choice is a complex decision
for engineering students since it determines the kind of profession they intend to pursue in life. As students try
to make career choices while in tertiary education, they have to match their career choices with their abilities,
professional performance as provided and ensured by a series of factors such as the English teacher’s profile. A
key observation is that a good quality English teacher will not only assist engineering students, anticipating
graduation, in their career decision-making process but also ensure a more flexible and smoother professional
insertion worldwide. Hence, both personal and professional personality of the higher education teacher is
regarded as one significant motivational factor for engineering students. The current research follows up
previous studies on the same topic conducted during 2012-2014. Therefore, on one hand, the present research
aims at analysing the importance of the English teacher’s profile, as a driving force for language performance,
engineering career choice and employability assurance. On the other hand, it deems fit to correlate the
engineering students’ expectations from English teachers in higher education with their career choices.
Key words: teacher’s profile, motivation, career choice, technical higher education

"Politehnica” University of Timişoara Piata Victoriei, no.2, Timisoara 300006, Romania.
E-mail address:monicamitroi@yahoo.com , monica.mitroi@upt.ro / Tel.: +0-40-723-461912, +0040256404066
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Audit of the pedagogical quality of the training in the
training center of education inspectors (CFIE) of Rabat
(Morocco).
Mohamed ESSAOUDI * , Ministère de l'éducation nationale (MEN), Morocco.
Raja LOTFI, Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS), Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco.
Said LOTFI, Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS), Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
Mohammed TALBI, Research Observatory in Didactic and Teaching University (ORDIPU), Ben M'sik Faculty,
Hassan II University. Mohammedia-Casablanca, Morocco
Mohamed RADID, Research Observatory in Didactic and Teaching University (ORDIPU), Ben M'sik Faculty,
Hassan II University. Mohammedia-Casablanca, Morocco
Abstract
Introduction: Our study focuses on an audit of the pedagogical quality of the training of educational inspectors
in the center of education inspectors’ training (CFIE) at Rabat-Morocco. Its main purpose is to identify the
'standard' indicators and andragogical variables determining the quality of our training device. For the issue of
"How to audit the pedagogical quality of training", we responded by building an adapted multidimensional
model of quality audit : the MASEMCO model. Methodology : Our deployed methodological approach is
obviously "mixed". It is exploratory because it promotes the investigation and inquiry; and it combines, via the
principle of triangulation, methods of collection and analysis of qualitative data (Muchielli, 2005, Strauss &
Corbin, 2004) and quantitative (Giard , 2007). Results: Factor analysis of the data revealed that among the 32
analyzed variables, only ten represent 64.53% of training quality. No single factor is dominant, all have almost
the same value. All influence in similar proportions the quality of our device. These ten factors are the principal
indicators of pedagogical quality of CFIE, and represent less than 10% of variance. Conclusion: The device
quality at CFIE is relatively unsatisfactory, and it has several deficiencies relating to different dimensions.
However, the MASEMCO model present some shortcomings. It does not cover the professional dimension of
training. Therefore, it deserves to be used in conjunction with other assessment models of professional
practice or professional skills of inspectors .
Key words: Quality Audit, Evaluation, Quality Indicator, educational inspector.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Mohamed ESSAOUDI, Ministère de l'éducation nationale (MEN), Morocco.

E-mail address:essaoudimohamed@gmail.com
The Quality of the Publications related to Domestic Violence

in Daily Newspapers
Besra TAŞ * , Instructor. Dr. Fatih University, Faculty of Education, Department of Educational Sciences,
Büyükçekmece Campus, R Block, R 516, 34500, Büyükçekmece/İstanbul.
Abstract
Violence is an important issue in today's social life. Although existence of violence is understandable, what kind
of behaviors or treatments could be identified as “violence” is controversial. In research literature, violence
refers to physical and psychological pain. Violence includes many events and concepts: psychological violence,
physical violence, emotional violence, sexual violence, cultural violence, political violence, juridical violence and
etc. Until recently, in print media the subject of "domestic violence" has seldom been touched upon. But today
almost every day we encounter a different type of violence in print media. However, the presentation, style
and the format of the violence in the media make the issue sharper. In this respect, pictures, headlines, and
texts used in media to express domestic violence can harm the positive perceptions of the readers towards
family and domestic communication skills.
The purpose of this study is to investigate, using survey design - a type of qualitative research methods - how
the issue of domestic violence including all family members was covered in print media. For this end, the
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newspapers with large circulation such as Zaman, Posta, Hürriyet, Sözcü, Sabah, Habertürk, Türkiye, Bugün, and
Milliyet have been studied through content analysis technique; the topic of "domestic violence" has been
investigated in terms of frequency of publication, type of publication, source of information, author, style, and
detriment/benefit. The relationship among newspapers, publication frequency, author and style; the
relationship between frequency of publication and a constructive contribution to the topic has been calculated
in SPSS. The interpretation of the results is still going on.
The study will present an important scientific contribution to recognition of the role media plays in the increase
of social issues like "domestic violence". Doing research as such more often will help to determine the problem
on time and increase the effectiveness of the solutions.
Key words: Family, violence, newspaper
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Besra TAŞ, Instructor. Dr. Fatih University, Faculty of Education,
Department of Educational Sciences, Büyükçekmece Campus, R Block, R 516, 34500, Büyükçekmece/İstanbul.
E-mail address:besra.tas@fatih.edu.tr
Romanian contemporary approaches to continuous training

of History and Geography teachers
Vîrtop Sorin-Avram* , iversity “Constantin Brâncuşi” of Târgu-Jiu, Calea Eroilor Nr. 30, Loc. Târgu-Jiu, Jud. Gorj,
Cod. 320135, România
Abstract
The aim of the paper is to approach the new perspectives in Romanian contemporary education regarding the
continuous training of teachers. Following the formal preparation for teaching career and after entering into
the educational field of activity the teachers’ continuous training is referred to sets of competencies which not
only implement the new European concerns regarding education set but also provide a framework for keeping
in steps with the demands and progress of knowledge society. The paper reflects on the strategies adopted for
a teachers’ training programme that involved the training of 100 trainers and a target group of 5000 History
and Geography teachers from 14 counties of Romania in the south east and south west region. As part of the
educational team of the project the author reflects on the project curriculum aspects and the practical
approaches and response of the teachers belonging to the target group with special reference to the
participants from the Gorj County group. The project POSDRU / 87/ 1.3/S/ 62651 was organized by University
“Valahia” of Târgovişte, University “Constantin Brâncuşi” of Târgu-Jiu, TEHNE and Siveco S.A. România. The
positive repsonse of this large scale project has determinend the extension of this model to other area of
National Curriculum and a project for subjects in the Matematics and Sciences curriculm area is currently being
launched. The project was financed as part of the European Social Fund throught the progamme POSDRU 2007-
2013.(for the site of the project please see: http://www.istorie-geografie.ro/#)
Key words: continuous trainig, History teachers, Geography teachers, competencies for teaching profession
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Vîrtop Sorin-Avram, iversity “Constantin Brâncuşi” of Târgu-Jiu, Calea

Eroilor Nr. 30, Loc. Târgu-Jiu, Jud. Gorj, Cod. 320135, România E-mail address:virtopsa2007@yahoo.com
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KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT OF SPORTS ORGANIZATION:
EMPLOYEE CREATIVITY DEVELOPMENT ASSUMPTIONS
Kristina Bradauskiene* , Lithuanian Sports University, Lithuanian.
Abstract
Creativity is a characteristic of many of the people there. In the process of creativity re-creation can be based
on imagination or thought. The creation of something new is bound to use already existing knowledge, but
they are composed of newly, modeled or linked, previous experience adapted to new situations. Thus,
creativity leads to new, original score (Girdzijauskienė 2004). Creativity development affecting internal factors
may include: general and certain field of activity-related skills, aptitude, reasoning strategies. Especially
important inner creativity factors - motivation and performance in the field of knowledge (knowledge, abilities,
experience, and creative activities, etc..). And the result of external factors actualised or not actualised
individual creativity, made or failing to provide his experience. It is generally recognized as a factor of creativity
- the environment. It's natural, social and cultural conditions in which people live in individual or group. Taking
into account the degree to which an individual interacts with the environment, it is possible for the social
macro-environment (society, its institutions) and micro (family contact, factories, office environment). Such a
conception of the environment and supports most of the scientists who studied creativity. Thus, the power of
creativity lies in every human being. This article problem is formulated in this regard: of creativity is increasingly
important factors in the perception of their knowledge and creativity of employees driving factors of fitness
centers. Creativity is seen as the ability to raise new ideas, to think independently, to stereotypes, a
problematic situation quickly navigate, easy to find solutions to atypical. It is therefore necessary for creativity
and innovation research situation of sports centers. Analysis of the selected object of the article: factors
contributing to creativity. Article is to based on the theoretical knowledge of the factors that promote sports
activities center staff creativity, to evaluate the situation and identify the problems encountered in practical
activity. To achieve this objective set the following objectives: - to reveal the factors contributing to the
theoretical concept of creativity - explore for creativity and innovation situation of sports centers. The research
methods used in article are comparative literature analysis, questionnaire survey, content analysis, a
systematic analysis.
Key words: creativity, driving factors, a sports center, the staff.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Kristina Bradauskiene, Lithuanian Sports University, Lithuanian.

E-mail address:sesemeister@gmail.com
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The impact of formative assessment on the learning process
and the unreliability of the mark for the summative
evaluation
Malika TRIDANE*, Centre Régional des Métiers de l’Education et de la Formation du Grand Casablanca
(CRMEF). Derb Ghallef - Bd. Bir Anzarane - Casablanca Anfa Maroc, Laboratoire de Chimie physique des
Matériaux (LCPM), Faculté des Sciences Ben M’Sik
Said BELAAOUAD, Laboratoire de Chimie physique des Matériaux (LCPM), Faculté des Sciences Ben M’Sik
Université Hassan II de Casablanca Maroc. BP 7955. Bd Cdt Driss El Harti
Said BENMOKHTAR, Laboratoire de Chimie physique des Matériaux (LCPM), Faculté des Sciences Ben M’Sik
Université Hassan II de Casablanca Maroc. BP 7955. Bd Cdt Driss El Harti
Mohamed RADID, Laboratoire de Chimie physique des Matériaux (LCPM), Faculté des Sciences Ben M’Sik
Université Hassan II de Casablanca Maroc. BP 7955. Bd Cdt Driss El Harti, Observatoire de Recherche en
Didactique et Pédagogie universitaire ”ORDIPU”
Mohamed TALBI, Observatoire de Recherche en Didactique et Pédagogie universitaire ”ORDIPU”
Abstract
In this work, we highlight the impact of formative assessment on the learning and the unreliability of the mark
for the summative evaluation process. To achieve this study, we distributed to 250 students of the common
core sciences, a questionnaire to the representations of the students acquired during their learning situations.
The questionnaire covers the main concepts of the courses that have been taught, namely, electric current;
electric voltage; quantity of material and molar concentration. After collecting all the answers to the
questionnaire, we corrected them. We looked through the summative evaluation for the acquisition of
concepts by students and the effect of adjustment of representations on their marks. We put in question the
reliability of the marks that we can allocate. Therefore, we distributed photocopies of 50 copies before their
correction to 20 secondary school teachers, in order to have more information on systematic errors of the
marks, their limit and their reliability. On the light of these results, we can say:
- Formative assessment can help teachers to anticipate in advance treating the gaps of the students and
changing these methods, if necessary, in the learning process.
- Summative assessment may not reflect the level of acquisition of the taught concepts.
Therefore, the revision of assessment methods of the concepts among learners is required.
These evaluation methods are unable to properly assess the level of acquisitions of students, as they differ
from one teacher to another.
Key words: Formative assessment, Unreliability of the mark, Summative evaluation
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Malika TRIDANE, Centre Régional des Métiers de l’Education et de la

Formation du Grand Casablanca (CRMEF). Derb Ghallef - Bd. Bir Anzarane - Casablanca Anfa Maroc,
Laboratoire de Chimie physique des Matériaux (LCPM), Faculté des Sciences Ben M’Sik.
E-mail address:tridane.malika@gmail.com
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Using play and drama in developing resilience in children at
risk
Ruxandra Foloştină, University of Bucharest, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Panduri 90,
Bucharest 50663, Romania
Loredana Tudorache, University of Bucharest, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Panduri 90,
Theodora Michel, University of Bucharest, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Panduri 90,
Banga Erzsébet, University of Bucharest, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Panduri 90, Bucharest
50663, Romania
Viorel Agheană, University of Bucharest, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Panduri 90, Bucharest
50663, Romania
Hivda Hocaoğlu*, University of Bucharest, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Panduri 90,
Abstract
The paper addresses the issue of resilience in children at risk considering that children may be more terrified
when they are witness to high arousal, panic and adult shock response to traumatic events (especially when it
is about significant people in their life) than when are themselves threatened. The purpose of the research is
to see how play and drama sessions can influence the level of resilience in children at risk who manifest school
refusal, inability to focus on school tasks, aggressive behaviors, decrease of the school performances. To assess
the level of resilience we used the drawings of the children included in the study and questions with heuristic
value developed by Malchiodi, Steele & Kuban (2008). Play and drama sessions were built on the basic
structure: the warm-up, main event and closure. The results revealed an increase in self-confidence and a
reduction in disruptive behaviors. Creative work sessions offered alternative ways of communication and
opportunities to work in group. Through art and play, a child in a special needs situation can explore the
physical and social environment, address past and current emotional issues, can create a role and reach a state
of satisfaction from imaginary events.
Key words: play and drama, resilience, children at risk
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Hivda Hocaoğlu, University of Bucharest, Faculty of Psychology and

Educational Sciences, Panduri 90, Bucharest 50663, Romania.
E-mail address:ruxandra.folostina@fpse.unibuc.ro , ruxandrafolostina@gmail.com / Tel.: +0040724946969
Integrating Mobile Technology in an instructional Video

Project: Creativity and Cognitive Engagement Among
Teacher Trainees
Sharifah Sariah Syed Hassan * , Kuliyyah of Education, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10,
50728 Kuala Lumpur.
Abstract
This research investigates the use of smart handphone in developing instructional video project for language
learning. The purpose of this study is to analyse students’ creativity and cognitive engagement when
developing instructional video through the use of smart handphone. Firsly, the research attempts to address
the relationship between students’ creativity based on ICEDIP (inspiration, clarification, evaluation distillation,
incubation and perspiration) and cognitive engagement in mobile learning environment.. Secondly, the
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research further examines each creativity process in contributing the effect on cognitive engagement. The
study has employed a mix method of quantitative and qualitative. A survey using adapted questionnaire has
been carried out using a focus group of first semester of 52 teacher trainees (Bachelor Degree in Education)
who specialize in English language. The interviews were carried out from three students to comprehend the
students’ creativity and cognitive engagement in depth. A correlation analysis has been used to identify the
relationship between creativity and cognitive engagement. Further analysis of Hierarchical Multiple regression
has been used to identify the specific items for creativity process affecting cognitive engagement. The results
indicate a significant relationship between creativity and cognitive engagement from the correlation analysis.
This is also supported by the interviews. Student’s creativity has contributed to a meaningful learning when
smart handphone is used for learning. Further findings from the interviews have shown some indicators for the
researcher to improve the instructional strategies in future. Implications and discussion are elaborated based
on the contribution to the curriculum development and design.
Key words: Instructional Video, Smart Phone, mobile technology, mobile learning, online learning
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Sharifah Sariah Syed Hassan, Kuliyyah of Education, International Islamic
University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, 50728 Kuala Lumpur. E-mail address:sariah1199@yahoo.com
The acceptance of webinars as a training tool among

engineers
Munirah Malika*, Centre for Instructional Technology & Multimedia, Universiti Sains Malaysia
Irfan Naufal Umar, Centre for Instructional Technology & Multimedia, Universiti Sains Malaysia
Ahmad Moghni Salbani, Centre for Instructional Technology & Multimedia, Universiti Sains Malaysia
Wan Ahmad Jaafar Wan Yahaya, Centre for Instructional Technology & Multimedia, Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
In the era of fast transmission of knowledge and information, it is very important for organizations today to
adopt or accept new technology, and find new ways of doing work in order to maintain or enhance their
competitive position in the industry. The present study attempts to explore the engineers’ acceptance of
Webinars as a training tool based on four beliefs about Webinars i.e. perceived usefulness, perceived ease of
use, computer self-efficacy and intention to use Webinars as a training tool. Data from 50 engineers in an
electric company in the northern state of Malaysia with prior Webinars experience was obtained via survey
method. The results showed that perceived ease of use (β = 0.70, p<0.01) and computer self-efficacy (β = 0.32,
p<0.05) were positively related to the intention to use Webinars as a training tool whereas perceived
usefulness was not significantly related to the intention to use Webinars. Furthermore, perceived ease of use
(β = 0.78, p<0.01) was found to be a significant predictor of perceived usefulness. This goes to show that ease
of use and computer self-efficacy are the two main drivers of intention to use Webinars as a training tool.
Implications of the findings for practitioners are discussed further.
Key words: learning management system; technology acceptance; training tool; webinars
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Munirah Malika, Centre for Instructional Technology & Multimedia,
Universiti Sains Malaysia. E-mail address:munirah_malik@yahoo.com
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THE INVESTIGATION OF FOURTH GRADERS’ CONSTRUCTION PROCESS OF
FRACTIONS USING CONSTRUCTIVISM
Burcu Çelebioğlu*, Mathematics Education, Bursa, Turkey.
Yeliz Yazgan, Mathematics Education, Bursa, Turkey.
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the nature of knowledge construction (abstraction) during the learning
process of the concepts related to fractions. For this purpose, the applications of the fractional concepts were
carried out in the learningenvironments designed in accordance with the Constructivist Learning. This study is a
qualitative case study. First, different activities covering the learning of basic concepts related to fractions was
were prepared in accordance with the two abovementioned theories. With the pilot study, the role of the
researcher during the interviews and the effectiveness of the activities were tested. Then, the learning
environment and the activities were rearranged in a way that would make it possible to reveal the students’
knowledge construction processes better. During main application which was carried out in the groups of two
fourth graders at different mathematical achievement levels, the researcher took part as a participant
observer. In the study, the data collection methods of interview, participant observation and document
analysis, which are used in qualitative research studies, were employed. The analysis of the data obtained from
the interview was based on the examination of the worksheets, where students tried to find solutions to the
problems addressed to them, and analyzing of the video records. RBC+C model is based on the analysis
regarding the observation process of abstraction. Therefore, the students’ data group regarding with the
cognitive processes arranged clearly and systematically. Afterwards, the data is analyzed by using RBC+C
abstraction model. At the end of the study, it was observed that a great majority of the students participating
in the case study, where the activities prepared in accordance with Constructivist Learning was applied,
constructed the concept of fractions process and realized and then consolidate it.
Key words: Abstraction, constructivism, fractions, RBC+ C abstraction model
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Burcu Çelebioğlu, Mathematics Education, Bursa, Turkey.

E-mail address:celebiogluburcu@gmail.com
Education as a determinant of the economic growth. The case of

Romania
Dragoescu Raluca Mariana* , The Bucharest University of Economic Studies, 6 Piata Romana, 1st district,
Bucharest, 010374 Romania
Abstract
Education is one of the most important factors of the economic growth in every country. In this paper we
investigate the causality relationship between education, especially higher education, and economic growth in
Romania for 1980-2013 time period. We used a vector error correction model to analyse the long run
relationship between education and economic growth. As a measure for the economic growth we used GDP
per capita and for education we used the number of students enrolled in higher education institutions and the
public expenditures on education. We used data series for these variables available from World Bank, Eurostat
and National Statistics Institute of Romania. In our econometric approach we checked the stationarity of the
data series using ADF and Phillips-Perron tests and we tested if there is a cointegration relationship between
the analysed variables using Johansen Juselius method. Our results showed that higher education have an
important positive effect on economic growth.
Key words: higher education, economic growth, cointegration, ADF, unit roots
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Dragoescu Raluca Mariana, The Bucharest University of Economic Studies,
6 Piata Romana, 1st district, Bucharest, 010374 Romania.
E-mail address:dragoescuraluca@gmail.com
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Using mindfulness to help reducing the perception of stress
during an acute stressful situation
Ole Boe, Department of Military Leadership and Tactics, Norwegian Military Academy, Oslo, Norway
Kjetil Hagen, Department of Military Leadership and Tactics, Norwegian Military Academy, Oslo, Norway
Abstract
Problem statement: During their military education at the Norwegian Military Academy officer cadets are
required to take part in several challenging and difficult exercises and courses. A particular acute stressful
situation is the parachute training course. One of the purposes of this course is to educate the officer cadets on
how to deal with stress. Learning to cope with stress is important so that an officer can make good decisions
during difficult situations. Purpose of study: The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether
training on mindfulness would reduce the perception of stress before, during, and after taking part in the
parachute training course. Method: The experimental group was given an introduction to mindfulness training,
and was then requested to practice mindfulness for a period of 12 days before the parachute course took
place. The control group was not given any introduction to mindfulness or mindfulness training. The
questionnaire CSAI-2 was used to measure subjective perceptions of cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, and
self-confidence before, during and after the parachute course. Conclusion: The results showed that the
experimental group scored themselves lower on cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, and higher on self-
confidence as compared to the control group before, during, and after the parachute course. A conclusion was
drawn that practicing mindfulness helps to reduce the perception of stress in an acute stressful situation.
Key words: Mindfulness; acute stress, CSAI-2; military cadets; parachute jumping
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ole Boe, Department of Military Leadership and Tactics, Norwegian
Military Academy, Oslo, Norway. E-mail address:ole.boe@kravmaga.no
Distribution of the Problems and Loneliness Level of the

Health Sciences Faculty Students
Bakır E., Zirve University Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Department, Turkey.
Özdemir N., Gaziantep University Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Department, Turkey.
Özdemir E., Gaziantep University Faculty of Health Sciences, Medicine student, Turkey.
Sertbaş G., Zirve University Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Department, Turkey.
Abstract
Purpose; This study was done to determine the problems and loneliness level of the students in Faculty of
Health Sciences. Method; The scope of the descriptive cross-sectional study involves 358 students of nursing,
nutrition and dietetics, and physical therapy and rehabilitation. Sampling of the study consists of 223 volunteer
students who were chosen simple random sampling method. Student information forms and UCLA Loneliness
Inventory were used to gather data. Descriptive statistics in spss program was used while analyzing the data.
Findings; Gender distribution of the participants; 74.4% female, 25.6% male. Age distribution is 20.28±1.015.
30.9% of the participants are nursing, 34.5 % is nutrition and dietetics and 34.5% is physical therapy and
rehabilitation students. As for the most prevailing problems of the students; anxiety about employment is
45.7%, problems about boy/girlfriend is %43, and problems about self-expression is 41.3. The average point
from UCLA Loneliness scale is 37.88 (SS= 7.94). A for the relationship between their previous problems and the
level of loneliness; it is determined that communication problems with the environment is p=0.000, problems
about psychological support is p=0.000, problems about family and society is p=0.008.
Results; According to the study results, it is highly recommended that university students take psychological
support and counseling services.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Bakır E., Zirve University Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Department,
Turkey. E-mail address:emine.bakir@zirve.edu.tr
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Instructors’ perceptions on the use of Learning Management
System in a Malaysian Polytechnic
Irfan Naufal Umar*, Centre for Instructional Technology & Multimedia, Universiti Sains Malaysia
Mohd Shamzuri Yaakob, Centre for Instructional Technology & Multimedia, Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
Learning management system, LMS, is an online platform that integrates the activities and resources for
teaching and learning. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions of 31 instructors from
a polytechnics in a northern state of Malaysia, pertaining to the use of an LMS named CIDOS. A questionnaire
was used for this purpose. It contained 40 questions covering demographics (7 items), CIDOS usage (12 items),
its impact on teaching (6 items) and impact on learning (4 items), the support (4 items) and constraints (5
items). The findings indicate that, in terms of usage, majority of them have a basic knowledge and confidence
on CIDOS, and that they have integrated some teaching resources in this environment. In addition, majority of
them have agreed that (i) CIDOS have facilitated their course management, (ii) the system is not a burden, and
(iii) they are keen to continue using it. In terms of impact on teaching, majority of them agreed that CIDOS has
increased the quality and facilitated their teaching, and it complements the face-to-face sessions. For its impact
on learning, majority of the instructors opined that their students get more opportunities to interact, and that
their learning have been supported with various resources and activities. The results also indicated that
support from the administration in terms of training is needed to increase the use of CIDOS. Also, the
constraint of a slow Internet access is a main concern. In summary, the findings showed that the respondents
recognize the effects of CIDOS on teaching and learning, but due to certain constraints and lack of support, the
actual usage of this system is still very limited. This LMS needs to be expanded in terms of it use to improve the
quality of polytechnic education.
Key words: learning management system; online learning; teaching and learning
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Irfan Naufal Umar, Centre for Instructional Technology & Multimedia,
Universiti Sains Malaysia. E-mail address:irfan@usm.my
Teaching of the speciality french hybrid device: what added

value for MoroccanUniversity Science students?
Assia BENABID * , Université Hassan II Casablanca, Morocco.
Abstract
The sociolinguistic question is one of the issues in the Morocco. At the level ofsecondary education, scientific
disciplines are taught in Arabic. Arabization is notpursued at the level of the University and students are facing
scientific in frenchcourses and therefore accented language difficulties. With the University reform,which
entered into force in 2003-2004, solutions to this problem have appeared as the introduction of the module
language and communication in the University. To accompany the scientific undergraduate students to develop
their language skillsby using ICT, we propose to study the contribution of the hybrid device in
theaccompaniment of University students to take scientific courses. Since 2009 / 2013,we are experimenting
with innovative approaches in the education of our studentsoffering - in addition to the face-to-face course - a
course remotely via the FOSEL(French on specific online objectives) platform. Our communication is based on a
teaching experience of french specialty scientificstudents via the FOSEL in the Faculty of science Ben me Sik -
Casablanca platform.Learning is here lived through a knowledge construction where the student islearning.
Thus the student will choose complementary activities on the platformaccording to its needs. This online
training gave us indeed an opportunity to collect abody of specific data to observe and analyze the contribution
of the hybrid device forscience students.
Key words: Hybrid training, teaching/learning of languages, french specialty, TICE.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Assia BENABID, Université Hassan II Casablanca, Morocco.

E-mail address:a_benabid@hotmail.com
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The use of computer-assisted Experimentation (CAEx)
in Moroccan schools
Bouchra GOURJA, Centre Régional des Métiers de l’Education et de la Formation du Grand Casablanca
(CRMEF). Derb Ghallef - Bd. Bir Anzarane - Casablanca Anfa Maroc.
Malika TRIDANE,Centre Régional des Métiers de l’Education et de la Formation du Grand Casablanca (CRMEF).
Derb Ghallef - Bd. Bir Anzarane - Casablanca Anfa Maroc, Laboratoire de Chimie physique des Matériaux
(LCPM), Faculté des Sciences Ben M’Sik Université Hassan II de Casablanca Maroc. BP 7955. Bd Cdt Driss
El Harti
Abstract
The computer-assisted testing (CAEx) is a method of construction and operation of measures using the
computer. It has an important use of CTI in experimental sciences field. The CAEx equipment includes a
computer interface and associated with different sensors. It allows real-time measurement of various physical
parameters changes, biological.
Our study is a collection of information on the types of sensors used in high schools, the appreciation of the
type of teacher training teachers in the use of CAEx, measuring the level of use of this tool in experiences in
class and possibly the benefits and advantages provided by this tool.
In this work, we made some experiments of CAEx tool. We did a survey on the use of CAEx which was to write a
questionnaire that focused on equipping schools in CAEx, training of teachers CAEx, the frequency of use of this
tool and its contribution to class.
We then distributed the questionnaire to teachers of physics in several Moroccan schools; This was a sample of
50.
It is clear from this survey that CAEx can:
- Gain time
- Present values and more accurate results
- Make less effort to achieve his goals
At first, we presented computer-aided experiments which we have reproduced in the laboratory.
In a second step, we checked the level of use of CAEx by teachers, and eventually enjoyed the benefits that
bring them of CAEx.
Key words: CAEx , physical experiments , physical-chemistry, school teachers-CAEx
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Bouchra GOURJA, Centre Régional des Métiers de l’Education et de la

Formation du Grand Casablanca (CRMEF). Derb Ghallef - Bd. Bir Anzarane - Casablanca Anfa Maroc.
E-mail address:bouchragourja@gmail.com
Developing an observational instrument for measuring

character strengths during military field exercises
Ole Boe, Department of Military Leadership and Tactics, Norwegian Military Academy, Oslo, Norway
Henning Bang, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Fredrik A. Nilsen,Department of Military Leadership and Tactics, Norwegian Military Academy, Oslo, Norway
Abstract
Problem statement: Serving as an officer in international military operations is often demanding, and requires
that the officer has a well-developed character. The concepts of character and the associated different
character strengths are not easy concepts to measure in an objective way. The usual methods of measuring
different character strengths normally use subjective scores, which do not say much about one’s real character
and character strengths in difficult situations. The existing character strengths instruments thus measures the
subjective perceptions of one’s own character strengths. Objective measures of character strengths are missing
34 | P a g e
in the research literature. Purpose of study: In this paper the method and process of developing an objective
instrument that will be used to measure character strengths during military field exercises is described.
Method: 13 important character strengths were introduced to participants taking part at a workshop.
Participants of the workshop were experienced military officers with subject matter expertise within infantry
disciplines. The purpose of the workshop was to construct observable measures of the 13 character strengths.
These observable measures would later be used to assess the degree of different character strengths an officer
would reveal during field exercises. The participants came up with several observable measures for each of the
13 character strengths. Conclusion: The observable measures would form the basis for an observational
instrument for measuring character strengths during military field exercises.
Key words: character strengths; observational instrument; military officers; military field exercise
The Application of Quality Techniques to Design of a Study

Programme for a Higher Education Institution
Vojtech Korab, prof. Ing. Dr. MBA, Head of Department, Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Business and
Management, Kolejni 2906/4, Brno, 612 00, Czech Republic
Zdenka Videcka, Ing. Ph.D., Lecturer, Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Business and Management,
Kolejni 2906/4, Brno, 612 00, Czech Republic
Abstract
Today’s competitive environment has more and more emphasis on education. Graduates meeting the
requirements of business practice are successful on job market. Designing and developing of study
programmes for higher education institution must meet the requirements of business practice, reflect new
scientific knowledge and research on the one hand, ensure continuity of subjects and increasing the
effectiveness of teaching on the other hand. Design of a study programme is becoming increasingly difficult
with traditional methods. Effective solution is to use quality techniques such as QFD (Quality Function
Deployment). The article is focused on application of QFD for the whole study programme design and
development. It means all stages from profile of the study programme, courses proposal, curriccula
development to course content.
Key words: quality, Quality Function Deployment (QFD), study programme, curriculum
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Vojtech Korab, prof. Ing. Dr. MBA, Head of Department, Brno University of
Technology, Faculty of Business and Management, Kolejni 2906/4, Brno, 612 00, Czech Republic.
E-mail address:korab@fbm.vutbr.cz
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IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, EDUCATOR OF THE ERRORS
EXAMINE FROM THE ON A REAL PROGRAM
H. GÜL, Firat University Tehnical Science Vocational School, 23119, Elazığ/TURKEY

Abstract
he aim of this study is identification on exam question by educator. In Vocational and training high school,
second year exam question are selected as a sample. In this study, the second-class machine program students
were asked by teachers final question were examined in the last five years. The review, basic courses,
vocational courses and mathematics courses for: openness, open-ended questions, pointless, irrelevant and
error on the side of a commission in the direction of the questions were examined.
Key words: vocational training, defect question
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:H. GÜL, Firat University Tehnical Science Vocational School, 23119,
Elazığ/TURKEY. E-mail address:hgul@firat.edu.tr/ Tel.: +905332321288
The Integration of Virtual Learning Communities into

Universities’ Knowledge Management Models
Alexandru Strungă *, University of Craiova, 13 A.I. Cuza, Craiova 200585, Romania.
Abstract
The paper’s rationale is based on the premises that participation in virtual learning communities (VLC) can have
many advantages for the students including: permanent access to information, high educational performance
and increased creativity and also better developed professional identity (North and Kumta, 2014; Boulay and
van Raalte, 2013) but only if they are integrated into a comprehensive knowledge management model, at the
level of university. By using the technique of comprehensive interviews and the study of the literature, in the
context of using Edmodo platform, and with the main aim of identifying new ways of integrating virtual
learning communities into wider knowledge management model, the paper analyzes two such models that
have the potential of to optimize students’ professional identities. The most important contribution of the
study is the conclusion that universities have a critical need to integrate more virtual learning communities in
the educational activity and they need adequate tools to navigate in the increasingly more connected global
society (Nistor et al, 2013, McConnell et al, 2012). This need can be fulfilled by using modern educational
strategies such as eMentorship and eInternship.
Key words: virtual learning communities; communities of practice; knowledge management models;
professional identity
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Alexandru Strungă, University of Craiova, 13 A.I. Cuza, Craiova 200585,
Romania. E-mail address:alexstrunga@gmail.com
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Children’s Understanding of Curvilinear Downward Motion
Michael Hast, St Mary’s University, Waldegrave Road, Twickenham TW1 4SX, United Kingdom
Abstract
Previous recent work has outlined that throughout middle childhood the ability to integrate knowledge about
horizontal and vertical motion dimensions in order to reason about motion down inclines appears to change
with increasing age. To investigate this shift in more detail, this study investigated children’s understanding of
motion down curved slopes by addressing the changing interaction of horizontal and vertical dimensions along
a single trajectory. Across four different age groups children were asked to predict motions of balls down
curved tubes by addressing both comparisons between balls (heavy and light) and between sections of the
trajectory (shallow incline, intermediate incline, steep incline). The results suggest that children do integrate
information from horizontal and fall when judging motion down inclines. Crucially, this integration changes
with increasing age, implying a change in salience of support in the process of motion reasoning and the overall
development of commonsense theories of motion. Potential implications for educational practice are
discussed.
Key words: Curvilinear motion, Science education, Primary school, Commonsense theories
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Michael Hast, St Mary’s University, Waldegrave Road, Twickenham TW1
4SX, United Kingdom. E-mail address:michael.hast@smuc.ac.uk
Development the System of Value-Added Assessment of Student’s

Learning Achievement for Monitoring and Evaluation the
Educational Provision in Basic Education of Thailand
Jatuphum Ketchatturat, Khon Kaen University, Muang, Thailand
Abstract
The objective of this research was to develop the value-added assessment system for monitoring and
evaluation the educational provision in basic education of Thailand. The steps of model development consist of
1) study and analyze the school and the district report system of student achievement and progress 2) collect
the data of student achievement to develop the measurement model of value added of learning achievement
3) develop the system of value-added assessment 4) put the system of value-added assessment into the
Educational District of Secondary School 5) determine the quality of the developed system of value-added
assessment. The populations of this research were the secondary schools of educational district of secondary
school. The student test data were used for developing value-added indicator consisted of Grade Point Average
(GPAX), Ordinary National Education Tests (ONET). The instrument of research consisted of data record form,
survey form. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, equating method, regression analysis, value-
added analysis, Pearson product correlation coefficient, confirmatory factor analysis. The research results as
follows. 1) The measurement model of value-added of learning achievement for high school students consisted
5 indicators which fitted the empirical data (Chi-Square = 2.30, df = 5, p-value = 0.8058, RMSEA = 0.0000, RMR
= 0.0002) 2) The components of the developed system consist of 2.1) the database of value-added assessment
of student's learning achievement 2.2) the reporting system of value-added assessment of student's learning
achievement and 2.3) the process of monitoring and evaluation the student's learning achievement. 3) The
qualities of the developed system according to the evaluation standard, Utility, Accuracy, Feasibility, Propriety,
and Accountability were moderate to high quality level. 4) The implementing of the value-added assessment
system of learning achievement into practice were (1) to improve the quality of teaching and learning each
subjects and (2) to evaluate the quality of schools.
Key words: Learning Achievement; Monitoring and Evaluation; Value-Added Assessment
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Jatuphum Ketchatturat, Khon Kaen University, Muang, Thailand.

E-mail address:jketcha@kku.ac.th / Tel.: +66-089-478-6077; fax: +66-043-343-454
37 | P a g e
The Attitudes of Students to the Geometry and Their
Concepts about Square
Gabriela Pavlovičová, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Department of Mathematics, Tr. A.
Hlinku 1, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia
Júlia Záhorská, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Department of Mathematics, Tr. A. Hlinku 1,
949 74 Nitra, Slovakia
Abstract
One of the reason that influences the students´ achievements at school is connected with their inner
motivation. The attitudes of a students to the individual school subjects can be built or changed through the
influence of the interaction with their own experiences. There are a lot of different factors, external or internal,
but one of the main is the impact of a teachers at school. Geometry and geometrical thinking is strong
connected with the educational process and according to Van Hiele (1999) is not age-dependent in the way of
Piaget described development. In our investigation we focused to the students conceptions about a square in
accordance with their ability to solve the tasks that are assigned to the different levels of geometrical thinking.
We investigated also connections between their results in the pre-test and the post-test to their attitudes to
the geometry. We used the attitude questionnaire and the typical geometrical tasks for the detection of the
level of geometrical thinking according to van Hiele´s theory. Our sample consists of pre-service teachers of
pre-primary and primary education. For evaluating the results, the implicative analysis with statistical software
C.H.I.C. (Classification Hiérarchique Implicative et Cohésitiv) has been used.
Key words: Students´ attitudes; Geometrical thinking; Square, Implicative analysis
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Gabriela Pavlovičová, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra,

Department of Mathematics, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia.
E-mail address:gpavlovicova@ukf.sk / Tel.: +421-37-6408-700
Audiobooks For Oral Language Proficiency

Nairuhi Stepanyan * , Armenian State Pedagogical University (English Language instructor)
Abstract
The ongoing development of technologies makes the language teachers to implement them in the teaching and
learning process. One of them is the use of audio books for foreign language proficiency introduced in this
paper. This study reports on findings of the research conducted with Armenian students who learn English for
communicative and general purposes. The courses are organized by the American University of Armenia which
are called English Experimental course (EEC). The data for the related research questions were collected via pre
and post tests and it was analyzed through the SPSS package. The analysis of the data, obtained from the tests
showed that audio books may have significant positive effect on the improvement of learners’ foreign language
proficiency.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Nairuhi Stepanyan, Armenian State Pedagogical University (English

Language instructor). E-mail address:n.stepanyan@hotmail.com
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Barriers to learning physics in Moroccan secondary college:
the case of student’s representations in electricity
El Hassane Touli, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials Hassan II- Casablanca University Ben M'sik
Mohammed Talbi, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials Hassan II- Casablanca University Ben M'sik
Mohamed Radid, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials Hassan II- Casablanca University Ben M'sik
Abstract
The objective of this work was to identify some representations of the Moroccan college students in secondary
electricity. However, school learning is an area where the contribution of the representations is necessarily
linked to the performance and results of students, which complicates the task of the teacher and it drives him
to seek methods and teaching techniques to help students overcome and change their misconceptions.
It should be noted that the representations students develop every day and every year, in the right way or the
wrong way. That's why teachers should consider the representations of their students during the teaching and
learning of science subject such as physics and chemistry.
Key words: obstacles, teaching, learning, representations, physics, chemistry, electricity.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:El Hassane Touli, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials Hassan II-
E-mail address:mradid@gmail.com
Learning from Experts: a study on long term social work

with ‘multi- problem families’
Elisabeth Berger*, Doctoral Student,PhD Program in General Pedagogy, Social Pedagogy and General
Education, Free University of Bozen/ Italy
Abstract
This paper aims to understand experts’ perceptions on long term social work with families who have been in
contact with public social services for years. In our complex society social problems become even less
predictable and controllable for families and their single members. Social structures are changing, the
traditional role of families is more and more weakened and resources are decreasing. Nonetheless, families
who are struggling with multiple problems often are seen as responsible themselves for their difficult life
situations; strengths of families and structural, socio- political and organisational factors which deteriorate life
situations of highly stressed families are often not perceived and far away from public discussion. Moreover,
there seems to be little interest for this issue also in literature and in research: in the last decades there were
very few studies in this field. Nonetheless the phenomenon of long- term clients in social work practice
continues to exist. Nowadays, as resources are decreasing, social structures are becoming more vulnerable and
social policymakers demand efficiency and efficacy, dependency of multi- problem families on social services is
seen as a great challenge for social workers. This paper focuses on analysing experts’ perceptions on
professional, structural and political factors which could affect the phenomenon of dependency of multi-
problem families on social services collected by semi- structured interviews. Learning from experts’ views
emphasizes the complexity of the phenomenon under study and delivers interesting elements to be used for
further research as well in educational as in social sciences.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Elisabeth Berger, Doctoral Student, PhD Program in General Pedagogy,
Social Pedagogy and General Education, Free University of Bozen/ Italy.
E-mail address:elisabeth.berger@unibz.it
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Tablet reading service among college students
Lih-Juan ChanLin * , Department of Library and Information Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taiwan,
Province of China.
Abstract
Using tablet PCs in reading and learning is a relatively new experience for students in all ages. Its use has
triggered the popularity among youngsters. However, children from remote area or disadvantage families
might need guidance of using devices and resources for experiencing tablet reading and learning. To support
children’s reading, college students devoted themselves in planning reading activities with tablet PCs.
Promotion of tablet reading activity among children among schools with limit resources is one of the innovative
approaches to bridge technology divide. In this paper, college students’ participation in mobile reading service
is reported. Their reflections toward the training and engagement of the volunteer services are analyzed.
Modern technology creates opportunity to engage students to promote reading among underserved
community. Through the use of tablet devices, college students are provided with opportunity to plan and
implement various applications into service practice. Learning from these services is valuable experiences.
Key words: mobile learning, service learning, reading advocacy, community engagement, tablet reading
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Lih-Juan ChanLin, Department of Library and Information Science, Fu Jen
Catholic University, Taiwan, Province of China. E-mail address:lins1005@gmail.com
VIEWPOINTS OF UNİVERSİTY STUDENTS IN KAZAKHSTAN

REGARDING NATINAL IDENTITY
Yücel Gelişli* , G. U. Gazi Faculty of Education Educational Sciences Deparment, Department of Curriculum and
Instruction
Lyazzat Beisenbayeva, G.Ü.Education Sciences Enstitutes Deparment, Department of Curriculum and
Instruction, Phd Stodents
Abstract
The essential component that distinguishes societies is cultural differences. Cultural differences are composed
of life styles and sense of belonging. People become different while living in societies they feel they belong to.
They find place for themselves in this homogenized society. An individual who differs from others in the society
in terms of physical, social and intellectual properties and perceptions gains an individual identity and becomes
a person. Identity, which defines and specifies the sense of belonging of those living in a society, is the most
essential and important origin of the social system of the society. Identity that symbolizes life style such as
beliefs, attitudes and value judgments that correspond to individual’s social position and status in the society,
is the determiner of social belonging.
National identity is the type of identity that is formed by the components of national culture within historical
change. National culture is the culture formed by the character – that is national - that differs from other
societies. Unity of homeland, culture, language, history and belief are the essential elements that form national
states that arose as a result of modernization. Those elements transformed national states into centralized
structure and the unity of the state, nation and culture were tried to be ensured.
Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the viewpoint of university students in Kazakhstan regarding
national identity.
Method: This study, which aims to determine the viewpoint of university students in Kazakhstan regarding
national identity, is a descriptive study. ‘‘National Identity Perception Scale’’ developed by the researcher was
used to obtain data of this study. The population of the study was composed of students who were randomly
selected among college students in the city of Astana in Kazakhstan.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Yücel Gelişli, G. U. Gazi Faculty of Education Educational Sciences

Deparment, Department of Curriculum and Instruction. E-mail address:gelisli@gazi.edu.tr / Tel.: 05053192395
40 | P a g e
Skills of Using and Transform Multiple Representations of
the Prospective Teachers
Ayten Pınar Bal* , Department of Elementary Education, Faculty of Education, Çukurova University, Adana,
Türkiye
Abstract
The main purpose of this study to examine the prospective primary school teachers' ability to transform
multiple representations. This study is a descriptive survey model that has been applied to determine
prospective teachers' skills of transforming multiple representations. The sample of this study was consisted of
134 prospective teachers who are at the third grade at the department of Primary School Education in a state
university in the 2012-2013 academic year. "Multiple Representation Transformation Test" which was
developed by the researcher was used as the data collection tool in the research. In conclusion, the prospective
primary teachers are usually successful in transformations between representations; however, that they, in this
process, are unsuccessful in transforming especially oral representations into other representations. Based on
this result, the factors that cause the failures of the prospective teachers in transforming oral representation
can be analyzed in another study.
Key words: Multiple representations, mathematics education, prospective primary teachers, mathematics
education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ayten Pınar Bal, Department of Elementary Education, Faculty of

Education, Çukurova University, Adana, Türkiye.
E-mail address:apinar@cu.edu.tr
The Evaluation Of Some Eating Habits At A Group Of

Teenagers studying at Dimitrie Cantemir Highschool Of Iasi
Albu Adriana,Associate Prof. Phd., University of Medicine and Pharmacy ” Gr. T. Popa” of Iaşi,16, University
Street, 700115, Romania
Moraru Cristina Elena, Associate Prof. Phd., ”Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iaşi , 3 Toma Cozma Street,
Iasi, 700554, Romania
Hodorca Raluca Mihaela, PhD. Student, National University Of Physical Education and Sport, 140, Constantin
Noica Street, Bucharest, 060057, Romania
Abstract
Eating habits are obtained in the first years of life in the family and they slightly change in the following years.
Objectives: the evaluation of the way in which teenagers’ eating habits change/ don’t change. Material and
method: the study was done on a group of 237 teenagers in the 10th grade ( 2010 - 92 students , 2012 -145
teenagers). The teenagers filled in a quantitative questionnaire of weekly frequency of food consumption.
Results and discussions: the dominant input of milk is 2-3 times a week (34.59%), the calculated differences per
year being statistically insignificant (χ²  1.26, Gl 4, p>0.05).The dominant egg consumption is 2-3 times a
week (43.88%), the calculated differences per year being statistically insignificant (χ²  4.77, Gl 4,
p>0.05).Chicken is present in menus, in most cases 2-3 times a week (47.25%), the differences are statistically
insignificant (χ²  2.53, Gl 4, p>0.05) and direct to a strong anchoring in traditions of these teenagers. Fruits
are present every day in the menus of 54.43% students , the obtained differences being statistically
insignificant (χ²  1.56, Gl 4, p>0.05). Conclusions: on the study group there is a strong anchoring in traditions,
which represents a problem for specialists.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Albu Adriana, Associate Prof. Phd., University of Medicine and Pharmacy ”
Gr. T. Popa” of Iaşi,16, University Street, 700115, Romania. E-mail address:raluca.hodorca@yahoo.com
41 | P a g e
The use of instant response system for adaptive learning
strategies in the classroom
Te-Lien Chou, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan

Lih-Juan ChanLin, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taiwan
Wei-Kai Liou, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan
Wei-Hsiang Hung, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taiwan
Abstract
High interactive student-centric classes improve students’ communication, interaction and self-learning
capabilities. However, students’ learning in a specific subject domain might relate to their differences in
learning strategies. In Asia, students tend to be passive and shy to give answers in class. This study adopts
instant response system (IRS) tools into a university class. Thirty-eight university freshmen enrolled in an
elective general library introduction course were participated in the study. During class hours, Instant quizzes,
polls, and comments using IRS were used to encourage students’ participation and communication. Q&A
exercises, team learning and discussion, problem solving, and case studies were adopted to enforce both active
and peer-assisted learning. Research methods include both qualitative and quantitative approaches. LASSI
(Learning and Study Strategies Inventory) was partially adopted to analyze students’ regular use of self-
regulated strategies. A summative questionnaire and class evaluation were conducted for overall satisfaction of
the IRS. Reflective journals and TA’s observation journals were collected for data triangulation. From the use of
the IRS, findings of the study show that 1. Students actively participated in class activities, 2. Students enjoyed
obtaining feedback from peers, 3. Students considered their communication, interaction, and self-learning skills
were enhanced, and 4. Students reacted positively toward the use of the IRS.
Key words: Instant response system (IRS), CSCL, self-regulated learning
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Te-Lien Chou, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan. E-mail address:telienchou@gmail.com
THE POSSIBILITIES OF INHERITANCE OF GREAT SILK WAY TO

PROSPER CULTURAL PERSONALITY
Totykyz Mantayeva , Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi, Kazakhstan
Amangeldy Kuzeubay, Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi, Kazakhstan
Farida Zhumazhanova, Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi, Kazakhstan
Moldir Komekova, Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi, Kazakhstan
Zhahan Moldabekov, Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi, Kazakhstan
Tursun Gabitov, Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi, Kazakhstan
Abstract
In the world a certain interest to the Great Silk way is observed: communication, transport, power. Unique
transcontinental, serving many centuries as a flying bridge between Europe and Asia, the Silk way answered for
the development and exchange of not only material values (trade relations, development of crafts, creation of
new settlements), but also for interaction of the whole cultural complexes. Passing on the territory of the
country last centuries of the Great Silk way gives special mysteriousness to the shape of Kazakhstan that causes
considerable interest among foreign guests. It is as a matter of fact the reference monument which bears
important historical and cultural loading and is a sign for genetic memory of the Kazakh people.
Key words: cultural tourism, cross-cultural dialogue, East and West, globalization and localization, chronotopos,
Kazakh culture, cultural area.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Totykyz Mantayeva, Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi,
Kazakhstan. E-mail address:toty2009@mail.ru
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DESIGNING A VOIP BASED LANGUAGE TEST
Jesús García Laborda, Universidad de Alcalá, c/ Trinidad 3, Alcalá de Henares-Madrid 28801, Madrid
Teresa Magal Royo, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia,DEGI, Camí de Vera,s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
Nuria Otero de Juan, Universidad de Alcalá, c/ Trinidad 3, Alcalá de Henares-Madrid 28801, Madrid
José L. Giménez López, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia,DEGI, Camí de Vera,s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
Abstract
Assessing speaking is one of the most difficult tasks in computer based language testing. Many countries all
over the world face the need to implement standardized language tests where speaking tasks are commonly
included. However, a number of problems make them rather impractical such as the costs, the personnel
involved, the length of time for interviews and many other factors. Additionally, reliability as compared to face-
to-face tests is continually challenged by issues such as comfort with the interface, navigability and, among
others and more important, the lack of visual interaction and the high anxiety created by interacting with a
interlocutor with more than a limited interactional activity. This paper addresses a new approach to language
testing by the use of VOIP devices. It also addresses its benefits and the way to implement it within the Spanish
framework of nationally organized standardized tests.
Key words: Type your keywords here, separated by semicolons;
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Jesús García Laborda, Universidad de Alcalá, c/ Trinidad 3, Alcalá de

Henares-Madrid 28801, Madrid. E-mail address:jesus.garcialaborda@uah.es
SURVEYING EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

COMPETENCES, ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIORS:
A COMPARISON ACROSS ACADEMIC DISCIPLINES
IN TWO COUNTRIES
Nancy Kanbar, Lebanese University, Lebanon
Michele Biasutti , University of Padova, Italy
Abstract
This article aims to assess and compare the competences, attitudes and actions of university students about
education for sustainable development (ESD) in various disciplines in two different universities. The research
employs a quantitative approach to investigate these variables. The total group of participants consists of 806
students, 339 bachelor degree students at Notre Dame University-Louaize in Lebanon and 467 bachelor
students at University of Padova in the north of Italy. Students are enrolled in the following disciplines:
business / economics, social sciences, educational sciences, applied sciences, engineering and health sciences.
The Survey of Education for Sustainable Development developed within the framework of the Reorient
University Curricula to Address Sustainability (RUCAS) Tempus project was employed. The survey was based on
the five pillars of learning set by the Delors’ report and UNESCO. The aim of the RUCAS project is to infuse
sustainability issues and reorient university study programmes in various faculties across different academic
disciplines to prepare students about sustainability issues. The findings of this research show differences
between Lebanese and Italian students for the areas of business/economics/social science/education and
applied sciences/health sciences.
Key words: education for sustainable development, higher education, student competences, attitudes and
actions, Reorient University Curricula to Address Sustainability (RUCAS).
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Nancy Kanbar, Lebanese University, Lebanon.

E-mail address:nancykanbar@yahoo.com
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Perceptions of In-Service EFL Teachers Regarding the
Features of an Effective Peer Coach in the Process of
Professional Development
Ferhan Karabuga*, School of Foreign Languages, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, 46100,
Kahramanmaras/TURKEY
Gulden Ilin, Department of English Language Teaching, Cukurova University, 01000, Adana/TURKEY
Abstract
Creating a non-threatening, non-evaluative environment for the teachers to improve some aspects of their
teaching, peer coaching aims to promote teachers’ professional development by contributing to the efficacy of
the teachers and teaching process. Despite a great number of studies conducted on the effectiveness or impact
of peer coaching in the field of pre-service EFL teacher education or in-service EFL teacher training, the issue of
what features the EFL teachers attribute to an effective peer coach has not been dealt with adequately. In this
respect, the present study aimed to investigate the key features of an effective peer coach from the
perspectives of four EFL teachers via Rep-Grid analysis technique and follow-up interviews. The results
suggested different features attributed to an effective peer coach as based upon the teachers’ prior
experiences.
Key words: Teachers’ professional development, teacher perceptions, peer coaching, Rep-Grid analysis
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ferhan Karabuga, School of Foreign Languages, Kahramanmaras Sutcu

Imam University, 46100, Kahramanmaras/TURKEY. E-mail address:ferhankarabuga@gmail.com
Students Studying in Physical Education and Sports

Department Attitudes Towards Environment: A Qualitative
Study
Salih Erden, Faculty of Education, Sports Department, Uludag University, Turkey.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine physical education and sports department students’ attitudes
towards the environmental issues. The study implemented with the par-ticipations of 50 physical education
and sports pre-service teachers at the Faculty of Education at Uludag University in the 2013-2014 academic
year. The study’s participants were determined by purposive sampling. Because purposive sampling allows
researchers to get more detail answers to the research questions. Data collected by open-ended questions
developed by the researcher. In the interview students were asked four open-ended questions and each
interview took aproxcimatelly 50 minutes. The qualitative data obtained from the study was analyzed in using
the phenomenological method. The results revealed that university students which study in physical education
and sports department have some different ideas about environmental issues according to gender and ages.
These ideas are described in detail.
Key words: Enviroment, physical Education and Sports Department, Phenomenography
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Salih Erden, Faculty of Education, Sports Department, Uludag University,
Turkey. E-mail address:saliherden56@gmail.com
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Current Situation and Need in Learning Management for
Developing the Analytical Thinking of Teachers in Basic
Education of Thailand
Sitthipon Art-in* , Faculty of Education, Khon Kaen University, 123 Mittraphap Rd., Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
Abstract
This research was a Survey Research. The objective of this study was to study current situation and need in
learning management for developing the analytical thinking of teachers in Basic Education of Thailand. The
target group consisted of
400 teachers teaching in Basic Education Level. They were selected by Multi-Stage Random Sampling. The
instrument using in this study was the questionnaire asking current situation and need in learning management
for developing the analytical thinking, 5 level rating scales. Data were analyzed by calculating the frequency,
mean, standard deviation, percentage and content analysis. The research findings found that: 1) for current
situation, the teachers provided learning management for developing analytical thinking, in overall, in “High”
level. The issue with lowest level of practice: the teachers had competency in designing and establishing the
learning management plan for developing the students’ analytical thinking. Considering each aspect, found
that: 1.1) the teacher aspect, the issue with lowest level of practice was: the teachers had competency in
designing and establishing the learning management plan for developing the students’ analytical thinking, and
1.2) the learning management aspect for developing the students’ analytical thinking, the issue with lowest
level of practice was: the learning activities provided opportunity for students to evaluated their analytical
thinking process in each learning session. 2) The teachers showed their need in learning management for
developing the analytical thinking, in overall, in “the Highest” level. The issue with highest level of the need
was: to obtain knowledge and competency in model, technique, and method for learning management or steps
of learning management for developing the students’ analytical thinking. Considering each aspect, found that:
2.1) teacher aspect, the issue with highest level of the need was: to obtain knowledge and comprehension in
model, technique, and method for learning management or steps of learning management for developing the
students’ analytical thinking, and 2.2) learning management aspect for developing the analytical thinking, the
issue with highest level of need consisted of the determination of learning activities as problem situation, and
the opportunity for students to comprehend the problem situation as well as practice their analytical thinking
in order to find the answer.
Key words: Current Situation and Need; Learning Management; Analytical Thinking; Teachers in Basic Education
Level; Thailand
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sitthipon Art-in, Faculty of Education, Khon Kaen University, 123
Mittraphap Rd., Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. E-mail address:asitthi@kku.ac.th
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Evaluation of multimedia educational materials using eye
tracking
Óscar Navarro*, Guidance Department of San José de Calasanz School, Ciudad Real 13700, Spain
Ana Isabel Molina, Technologies and Information Systems Department, Castilla-La Mancha University, Ciudad
Real 13071, Spain
Miguel Lacruz, Pedagogy Department, Castilla-La Mancha University, Ciudad Real 13071, Spain
Manuel Ortega, Technologies and Information Systems Department, Castilla-La Mancha University, Ciudad Real
13071, Spain
Abstract
In the last two decades there has been a significant technological development in all areas of society. This
technological advance has been transferred to the educational area and now the use of multimedia materials
and resources in the teaching and learning process is widespread. The main objective of the study presented in
this article is to show the use of an innovative educational materials evaluation tool: the eye tracking
technique. The use of this technique makes it possible to evaluate aspects of the format in which such
materials are designed as well as aspects related to its usability. An appropriate design of multimedia materials
may favour the acquisition of knowledge by pupils. Two experiments involving an eye tracking device in the
data collection process were carried out in order to show the application of this evaluation technique. Two
homogeneous groups were shown a presentation in which the format varies slightly. The presentations in the
first experiment included images and texts as well as color combinations with different contrasts. In the second
experiment, a presentation with information in black and white was compared with another in which colors are
used. Once analyzed the data it is concluded that a more efficient learning occurs when information is shown
using warm colors instead of pastel shades and when color is used to highlight some areas of interest in which
we want the pupils to focus their attention.
Key words: Multimedia resources; eye tracking; Color; Primary education; Assessment; Efficiency
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Óscar Navarro, Guidance Department of San José de Calasanz School,
Ciudad Real 13700, Spain. E-mail address:oscarnavarromartinez@gmail.com
The Novel “Hizanat Shamail” And The Mamluk Sultanate

Aubakirova Kunduzay*, Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi, Faculty of Oriental Studies, Almaty,
al-Farabi 71, 050040, Kazakhstan
Dina Koptyleuova, Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi, Faculty of Oriental Studies, Almaty, al-
Farabi 71, 050040, Kazakhstan
Mukhidin Salkynbayev, Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi, Faculty of Oriental Studies, Almaty,
Akbota Akhmetbekova, Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi, Faculty of Oriental Studies, Almaty,
Zhanetta Seitmetova, Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi, Faculty of Oriental Studies, Almaty, al-
Farabi 71, 050040, Kazakhstan
Abstract
Unlike many other alternative views of the past, historical novels, which reflect the individual and social life of
people in turbulent world, can provide a key to historical understanding. In particular, it is expected that the
successful historical novels describe almost ordinary stories of particular nation in a subtle way, ensuring their
readers to the historical continuity. Taking famous Egyptian writer Salah Maaty’s historical novel ‘Hizanat
Shamail’ (2002) as a case study, this article explores famous Egyptian writer Salah Maaty’s an important
contribution to the development of a modern Arabic novelistic discourse and to the secular intellectual
awakening of the Arabs, raising a lot of difficult issues and asking to fundamental questions of life. By analyzing
Salah Maaty’s successful historical novel, this study determines political, social and psychological features of
the novel. Results of the study also describe some idealized features of the Arabic national identity.
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Key words: Mamluk, Hizanat Shamail, Salah Maaty, Abu Ghraib, historical novel
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Aubakirova Kunduzay, Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi,
Faculty of Oriental Studies, Almaty, al-Farabi 71, 050040, Kazakhstan.
E-mail address:aubakirova.kunduzay@gmail.com
Global and Postmodern Education Policies: In Multicultural

Perspective Expansion of Art Education in Turkey
Hülya DEMİR ŞENTÜRK, Fine Arts Education Department , Ondokuz Mayıs University, Turkey.
Abstract
With the increased use of technology and the changing cultural paradigms, 21st century started planning future
over the globalism. Immensity of the spread of globalization that span gradually has been changing the fields
such as economics, sociology, politics, education and maintains its domination by culture.Globalisation which
takes power from expansion of space technology-based cross-cultural communication network, easily flows
into countries like Turkey which stands with nation-state policy and has multicultural society of people and
aims to live socially in one nation. Globalization, shows its influence on mainly political grounds and achieves
that by targeting the cultural values to be degenerated. Modification and coversion of the characteristics of a
society or culture, seems to be possible with impressing first culture and arts on, then no doubt the education
system. Today,we see that a multicultural society’s art education structrues whose art and culture influenced
and pass through postmodern perspectives and centered under the concept of multiculturalism. In this paper,
it is aimed to explain by focusing on art and art education, multiculutural art education’s Turkey and Turkey’s
art education system examine and analyse the possible outcomes.
Key words: Globalisation, Global Education, Multiculuturalism, Multicultural Art Education, Postmodernism
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Hülya DEMİR ŞENTÜRK, Fine Arts Education Department , Ondokuz Mayıs
University, Turkey. E-mail address:demirhulya55@gmail.com/Tel.: +905323461290
Domains of science pedagogical content knowledge in

primary student teachers´ practice experiences
Inge Timoštšuk, Head of the Centre of Pedagogical Practice, Institute of Educational Sciences, Tallinn
University, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
Abstract
This study aims to describe how science pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) is reflected in the learning
experiences of future primary teachers. Questionnaires and focus groups were used and data analysed by
domains of PCK - orientation to teaching science, pupils´ thinking about science, instructional strategies for
science, the science curriculum and assessment of pupils’ science learning. Most experiences related to general
aspects of teaching and learning and less with science-specific factors. The result that some PCK domains are
half or less significant could reveal why primary science student teachers do not meet some expectations of
supervisors, teachers and pupils.
Key words: learning experiences; pedagogical content knowledge; primary science; teacher education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Inge Timoštšuk, Head of the Centre of Pedagogical Practice, Institute of
Educational Sciences, Tallinn University, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia. E-mail address:inge.timostsuk@tlu.ee
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The Fifth and Sixth Grade Students’ Misconceptions About
Fractions In Their Mind Maps
Ayca Kartal * , Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Education Department of Primary School Teaching, Turkey.
Aygul Kartal, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Social Sciences Institution, Primary School Teaching, Turkey.
Abstract
The aim of this research is to determine the fifth and sixth grade students’ misconceptions about fractions with
mind mapping technique. For this reason, the fifth and sixth grade students made mind maps about fractions.
Afterwards they have been questioned for their maps about fractions and their views on this practice whether
they want to use this technique or not after practice, also questioned about the difficulties of fractions. In this
study, interviewing method within the framework of qualitative research was used which based on
phenomenological research design. This research was carried out on the fifth and sixth grade students’ at
Özgen Secondary School, in Şırnak. Study group are consist of 20 students. In this study, students made mind
maps on fractions. Afterwards interviews with them were made regarding their mind maps. Views of the
students have been obtained with semi structured interview form. The data analysis continue and the results
will be add after the analysis finish.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ayca Kartal, Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Education Department of
Primary School Teaching, Turkey. E-mail address:ayca.kartal@omu.edu.tr
The effects of multimedia with different modes of

presentation on recitation skills among students with
different self-regulated learning level
Irfan Naufal Umar, Centre for Instructional Technology & Multimedia, Universiti Sains Malaysia
Zabedah A. Aziz, Centre for Instructional Technology & Multimedia, Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
One of the requirements in reading al-Quran is to read with proper recitation (tajweed). This study attempts to
investigate the impact of multimedia on student’ recitation skills using three presentation modes (MSM – a
separate mode with the text placed separately from the video on recitation by a qari, MIM – an integration
mode in which text / words are combined in the video using subtitling concept, or MVRM - voice recognition
mode whereby students can record their recitation). This quasi-experimental study involves the multimedia
mode as the independent variable, the students’ recitation as the dependent variable, and their self-regulated
learning (SRL) level as the moderator variable. A total of 140 secondary school students were randomly
selected for this study. Three courseware have been developed, with each courseware applies a multimedia
mode. During the learning process, the students worked in pair. The findings show a significant difference in
recitation between the three groups, and the post hoc analysis indicates that MVRM scored significantly better
compared to MIM and MSM. In addition, students with high SRL scored higher as compared to those with low
SRL level in all treatment groups. MVRM allows students to record and play back their recitation recording to
their learning partner to be immediately assessed and corrected. MIM also helps their recitation skills when
subtitles were used in the video and the words that changed colours when read, in which the students were
able to identify the phonics of the letters and sounds of the combined letters. Also, the self-paced and self-
assessment learning material helps the students with high SRL level, although pairing activity assists those with
low SRL level.
Key words: multimedia, recitation skills, self-regulated learning, tajweed learning
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Irfan Naufal Umar, Centre for Instructional Technology & Multimedia,
Universiti Sains Malaysia, Cyprus. E-mail address:irfan@usm.my
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REFLECTIONS OF TEACHERS WORKING IN SPECIAL TRAINING AND
REHABILITATION CENTERS ABOUT USE OF MUSIC IN THE TRAINING OF
AUTISTIC STUDENTS (CASE OF TOKAT PROVINCE)
Banu GEBOLOĞLU* , Gaziosmanpasa University, Lecturer konya Necmettin Erbakan university, Turkey.
Abstract
Music, a branch of art, is used as a teaching method in many areas of training. There are many studies of native
and foreign origin in which music is treated as a method and approach in the training of children. It is known
that autistic individuals, whose number has been increasing in recent years, have an interest and aptitude for
music, and music has been proposed to be used in their training. Positive effect of music on autistic individuals
has been proven by many studies, and these studies are considered to support special training teachers in the
process of training. The question of “What are the effects of use of music on the training of autistic children?”
asked to the teachers working in Special Training and Rehabilitation Centers will constitute the problem
sentence of the present study. Aim of this study is to find out the ideas of teachers about the use of music in
the training of autistic individuals, and to detect the contribution made by the new approaches formed based
on the ideas of teachers on the training of autistic individuals. Special training teachers working in Special
Training and Rehabilitation Centers in Tokat Province of Turkey will constitute the sample used in this study in
which semi-structured interview technique will be used.
The data from the study will be examined using content analysis method and the findings will be discussed
during the convention.
Key words: Autism, Music Training, Special Training.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Banu GEBOLOĞLU, Gaziosmanpasa University, Lecturer konya Necmettin

Erbakan university, Turkey. E-mail address:banu.gebologlu@gop.edu.tr
What are the pre-service physics teachers’ opinions about

context based approach in physics lessons?
Özgür Özcan, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Education, Secondary Science and Mathematics Education,
06800 Betyepe, Ankara, Turkey.
Cem Gerçek, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Education, Secondary Science and Mathematics Education, 06800
Betyepe, Ankara, Turkey.
Abstract
It is known that the new teaching program based on the context based approach has been performed gradually
from the 2005-2006 academic year in Turkey to facilitate the students’ understanding of the science and
technology subject matter. Therefore, it is aimed to teach the students according to the new program
supported with daily life activities. Thus, the students can establish a link between physics and everyday life. In
this sense, the preliminary knowledge of the pre-service physics teacher about the context based approach is
important before they became in-service teachers at schools. From this point on, the purpose of this study is to
determine the pre-service physics teachers’ prior knowledge about the subject of context based learning. The
study was conducted with 16 senior students who have taken the major part of the physics and physics
education courses. The collected data was analyzed by using the content analysis method. The results of the
analysis showed that the pre-service physics teachers have some lack of knowledge and lack of applications
about the context based approach used in physics lessons. According to the results, the pre-service physics
teachers’ knowledge on this subject should be improved by using the context based approach activity in
courses at university level.
Key words: Context based approach; preservice physics teachers; physics education;
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Özgür Özcan, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Education, Secondary

Science and Mathematics Education, 06800 Betyepe, Ankara, Turkey. E-mail address:ozcano@hacettepe.edu.tr
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Students’ levels of knowledge construction and cognitive skills in an
online forum learning environment
Mohd Hilmi Mohd Roseli*, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
Irfan Naufal Umar, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
Abstract
Online forum is one of the popular activities in a learning management system environment. It allows
participants to collaborate and construct knowledge based on the assigned topic. This study attempts to
measure the levels of knowledge construction and cognitive skills among postgraduate students participating in
an online forum based on the messages they posted. A total of 16 students enrolling in a master by coursework
program in a public university in Malaysia were involved in this study. One weekly forum was randomly
selected from one of the courses offered in this program. Their knowledge construction levels were measured
based on the Interaction Analysis Model by Gunawardena (1997), while their cognitive skills were measured
using the Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy (Anderson & Krathwohl, 2001). The analysis reveals a total of 101 posts.
In terms of levels of knowledge construction, majority of the posts (71.3%) are from the lower levels of
knowledge construction, with sharing/comparing of information obtained the highest percentage of messages
posted (52.5%). It is followed by discovery and exploration of dissonance or inconsistency among participants
(19.8%), and negotiation of meaning or co-construction of knowledge (18.8%). In terms of levels of cognitive
skills, majority of the messages are also at the lower level (posts for ‘remember’, ‘understand’ and ‘apply’
contribute to 74.2% of the total posts), with ‘understand’ level involving 37.6% of the posts, followed by
‘remember’ (25.7%). However, ‘evaluate’ as one of the higher cognitive levels, recorded 17.8% messages.
Although these findings indicate some form of collaboration and construction of knowledge, an important
concern arises – the participants’ levels of knowledge construction and cognitive skills are still at the lower
levels, therefore, immediate measures have to be taken to alleviate this issue.
Key words: Cognitive skill, knowledge construction, learning management system; online forum
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Mohd Hilmi Mohd Roseli, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang,
Malaysia. E-mail address:irfan@usm.my
PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ VISUAL LITERACY COMPETENCIES

Basak BICAKCI, Gaziosmanpaşa University Faculty of Education Fine Arts Education Department of Art
Teaching, Turkey.
Ahu Simla DEĞERLİ, Gaziosmanpaşa University Faculty of Education Fine Arts Education Department of Art
Teaching, Turkey.
Abstract
Rapid changes in science and technology has turned our world into a pile of information. The amount of
information that people need to learn has increased and as a result, it has become compulsory to develop
more efficient learning-teaching methods. For the teaching in the school to be completely successful, the
teacher needs to understand the things he/she sees, in other words, he/she needs to acquire the visual literacy
skill. Visual literacy is the source of vision or visual competency, and this competency should be improved by
seeing and integrating it into other sensorial experiences. When the ability to see is improved, individuals
become people who can learn by visual ways. These individuals have the opportunity to interpret and
differentiate between the visual activities, objects and symbols. The students with this competency also have
an “organizing power” which improves understanding, remembering and retention of many academic concepts
which they have to cope with. In this sense, this study aims at determining the visual literacy competencies of
students at art teaching and music teaching. Another aim is to compare the visual literacy competencies of
these students in terms of their department. The study group was composed of 60 participants selected
conveniently. A 29-item 5-Likert type scale whose validity and reliability studies were done and which was
developed by Kiper, A., Arslan, S., Kıyıcı, M., and Akgün, Ö.E. was conducted as the data collection tool. As for
the data analysis, SPSS 17.0 software will be used and the results will be discussed during the presentation.
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Key words: visual literacy, vision, perception, awareness
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Basak BICAKCI, Gaziosmanpaşa University Faculty of Education Fine Arts
Education Department of Art Teaching, Turkey. E-mail address: basak.bicakci@gop.edu.tr
The Analysis Of The Organizational Civic Behavior In The

Public Institutions
Floricica Mariana Călin* , Tomis University from Constanţa, str. Cişmelei, nr. 2, bl. LA, sc. E, ap. 82, Constanta,
900493, Romania.
Abstract
Problem statement. The public institutions are organizations that unlike profit institutions do not have many
available resources. Among these the human factor represents the most important resource and the efficiency
of the public institutions is highly influenced by the developed behavior of the public servants.
Purpose of study:
1. Identifying the level of the organizational civic behavior in the public institutions;
2. Identifying the relation between the organizational civic behavior and the performance in work of the
employee;
3. Identifying the work satisfaction of the employees from the public institutions.
Research methods:
The research was based on three surveys that have aimed to identify performance and job satisfaction and
organizational citizenship behavior level. Respondents were instructed to complete the questionnaires
appropriately to situations most frequently encountered in everyday life.
Findings. To validate the three hypothesis we used independent samples t test for independent samples and
correlations between two public institutions (tax and health) of 256 people aged between 28 and 62 years.
Conclusions.The study shows an organizational civic behavior above average of the public servants. This is due
both to the individual differences of the employees and the other organizational variables that mark the
working climate and influence the behaviors adopted by the employees. The degree in which the personnel are
satisfied with the work performed, the salary, the relations with the colleagues are reflected in the level of the
organizational civic behavior manifested.
Key words: civic behavior, professional satisfaction, performance in work, organizational behavior
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Floricica Mariana Călin, Tomis University from Constanţa, str. Cişmelei, nr.
2, bl. LA, sc. E, ap. 82, Constanta, 900493, Romania. E-mail address:mariana_bentea@yahoo.com
Reasons for Studying the Ancient Cultures in Technical

Universities
Elena Claudia Constantin, University “Politehnica ”of Timisoara, Department of Communication and Foreign
Languages, 2, P. Râmneanțu, Timisoara, 300596, Romania.
Cosmin Constantin Baias, University “Politehnica ”of Timisoara, Department of Communication and Foreign
Languages, 2, P. Râmneanțu, Timisoara, 300596, Romania.
Abstract
The article focuses on the benefits of studying the ancient cultures by the students of the technical universities.
At tertiary level, culture and civilization courses can also be used to develop logical thinking and the power of
analysis and make students involved in voluntary activities to preserve the national heritage. By comparing the
civilisations students are able to put into value the identity of the Romanian people, to learn self-respect, have
raw models, can identify illustrious mentors, can learn to take educated decisions and improve self-discipline.
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The contact with the ancient civilisations makes people rethink the contemporary values, and they can make
other comparisons besides the ones with the western civilisations.
General knowledge matters because it develops human character and personality, provides better
understanding of facts, develops social skills, improves the quality of the people, develops the civic feeling, etc.
The cultural factor proves to be a major factor in changing the behaviour of individuals, either at the personal
or at the group level; it directly influences employment chances. The study of the classics can help improve
people’s character and personality by engaging themselves with the works of the great minds of humanity who
do not share the same contemporary values. In the process, the students can broaden their perspectives,
develop skills that are sought by high-level employers in the public and private sectors. A rich understanding of
history and its impact on the present and future is central to effective European leadership and citizenship.
Key words: ancient culture; cultural values; professional development; employment; general knowledge
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Elena Claudia Constantin, University “Politehnica ”of Timisoara,

Department of Communication and Foreign Languages, 2, P. Râmneanțu, Timisoara, 300596, Romania.
E-mail address:elclconst@gmail.com
Principles of lawyer profession exercise

Elena Catalina Eva, University "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" Iasi, Romania.
Abstract
In order to settle the issue of clandestine lawyers, we must accept and recognize the current ambiguous
situation de lege lata, where there is are no clear legislative elements for the identification of the UNBR
[National Union of Bar Associations of Romania] or of the Bars affiliated to the UNBR. Therefore, by taking
advantage of this legislative fault, persons who practice this profession clandestinely claim that they are
members of Bars affiliated to the UNBR and that the real UNBR would not be founded legitimately. Moreover,
considering the lack of clear, legal and unique elements for the identification of the UNBR and of the Bars
affiliated to it, as well as the legislative ambiguity, magistrates often deny initiating criminal proceedings
against or they annul the criminal proceedings initiated against persons guilty of exercising a profession
without any right to do so. They also often acquit the persons who committed such a deed, because the law
does not stipulate this type of infraction. The dignity and reliability of a profession, lawyers included, are also
provided by the ethical behaviour of the members of this socio-professional category, a behaviour assessed in
relation to a set of moral and professional norms, which members must observe even in the lack of legally
binding limitations. Whereas a lawyer’s professional behaviour is assessed in relation to legal, regulatory or
administrative norms governing this activity, a lawyer’s moral behaviour is assessed in relation to a set of moral
– written or oral – principles, different from one society to another or even from one social group to another.
Until Law No. 51/1995 regarding the organization and exercise of the lawyer’s profession, the legislative path
was marked by Law No. 3 of 17 January 1948 – which dissolved Bars and replaced them with lawyers’ Colleges
in Romania – and by various decrees. These decrees concerned as follows: the organization of lawyers’
insurance company; the legal accumulated service of Law graduates who occupy functions in the system of
local State administration bodies; the fees for legal assistance of persons residing abroad; pensions and other
social insurance rights of lawyers.
Only Law No. 51/1995 involved a real reform concerning this profession, but this reform has been prone to
permanent alterations, adjustments and readjustments to the social realities encompassing the acts of justice.
Indeed, Law No. 51/1995 has been completed and modified several times. The most important modification
and completion of regulations concerning the lawyer profession was represented by Law No. 255/2004, which
granted full autonomy to Bars and which founded the National Union of Bar Associations of Romania. This
Union is the lawful successor of the Union of Romanian Lawyers.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Elena Catalina Eva, University "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" Iasi, Romania.
E-mail address:avocateva.elena@gmail.com
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Promoting Intercultural Competence in EFL Classrooms with
Folktales
Puput Arfiandhani* , The University of Nottingham, TESOL at the University of Nottingham, Indonesia.
Abstract
As the use of social media grows, the world is getting more borderless. People from one country can directly
know what happened in the other side of the globe, given the condition that they possess the proficiency of
the language. Therefore, as a lingua franca, English plays a more important role in succeeding the
communication. As the communication between people with diverse cultural background grows more intense,
the mutual cross-cultural understanding should also be fostered. Cultural misinterpretation can be overcome
by gaining intercultural competence. By gaining the knowledge of the culture, people will perform the
communication in a more sensitive manner so that appropriate communication can take place. Following the
global use of English, students should be familiarized with the culture of not only the target language but also
the culture of other countries. One of the ways to incorporate the efforts of fostering the cultural-
understanding while still promoting the fluency of the target language is through folktales. Folktales contain
deeply rooted identity and set of beliefs within the society. Moreover, narrative is entertaining so that it can
engage students to learn not only the language but also the culture infused in the narratives. Additionally, by
learning about other culture, students can reflect their own culture from different perspectives so that they can
gain critical thinking skills and appreciation towards both other culture and their own. Finally, the aim of this
article is to propose the use of folktales to promote intercultural competence in the context of EFL classrooms.
Key words: intercultural competence, folktales, EFL Classrooms, cross cultural understanding.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Puput Arfiandhani, The University of Nottingham, TESOL at the University
of Nottingham, Indonesia. E-mail address:arfiandhani@gmail.com
Development of Thai Rice Implantation Recommend System

based on Android Operating System
Rattanathip Rattanachai, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand
Ponlawat Sreekaewin, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand
Thitiporn Sittichailap, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand
Abstract
This paper is to develop Thai Rice Implantation Recommend system based on Android System. This application
serves as an important channel to support and provide the rice harvest information like how to cultivate, how
to treatment of rice diseases and how to know time alert period of crop protection for Thai farmers in central
zone of Thailand. To evaluate the preliminary prototype system, questionnaires were used to measure user
satisfaction with system usability by experts and users. Experimental results reveal that the system is well able
to recommend rice harvest information both users and experts and this application can be adapted to users
easily due to the fact that the data is stored and available on mobile devices. Also the results were satisfied in
the effectiveness as well follows: Means for specialist and users were 4.00 and 4.01 respectively, and standard
deviation for specialists and users were 0.51 and 0.66 respectively.
Key words: Thai Rice Implantation, Recommend System, Android Operating System
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Rattanathip Rattanachai, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok

Thailand. E-mail address:rattanathip.ra@ssru.ac.th
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THE TEACHER CHARACTERISTICS ON FAMILY INVOLVEMENT
PRACTICES IN PRESCHOOL
Seda ŞAHİN, Çukurova University, Turkey.
Mustafa YAŞAR, Çukurova University, Turkey.
Münire AYDİLEK ÇİFTÇİ, Çukurova University, Turkey.
İnanç ETİ, Çukurova University, Turkey.
Serhat GÜNDOĞDU, Çukurova University, Turkey.
Abstract
Teachers are one of the building blocks of any education system. Teachers perform their educational tasks by
using both their professional backgrounds and personal characteristics. As the preschool education is the first
step of one’s formal education, teachers and their teaching practices are of great significance and have
numerous effects on all aspects of children’s development. Family involvement practices are those activities
that teachers involve children’s family members to contribute their learning and development. Recent studies
has shown that when effective family involvement was achieved; children’s attendance to school and their
academic success increased, and they performed much better in literature, art, science and social studies,
regardless of their socio economic status, race or parental background. It is important to investigate how
teachers perceive family involvement and what kind of practices they actually do in terms of family
involvement for designing family involvement programs and determining the related contents in education
system. The aim of the study is to investigate the perceptions of preschool teachers about what constitutes
“good” Family Involvement Practices and their observations of such practices. This qualitative study was
designed as phenomenological research design. As for participants, the researchers aimed to include all the
teachers (271) working in independent public preschools in Adana and its four central districts. The researcher
could reach 218 preschool teachers. The data was collected by the use of semi-structured interviews.
Interviews conducted in a suitable room at their school and the data were recorded manually by the
researchers. During the interview, the teachers were asked to nominate a teacher that they thought for the
best performance in Family Involvement Practices. Then, they were asked about why they nominated that
person. Thus, it was aimed to find out the preschool teachers’ perception of what sorts of family involvement
practices they considered good practices and what sorts of family involvement practices they observe. The
reason behind the use of such data collection technique was to reveal their perception in a concrete way
grounded the actual practices rather than abstract ideas, constructs and theories. The data analysis currently
continues through content analysis method of qualitative research.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Seda ŞAHİN, Çukurova University, Turkey.

E-mail address:sedasahi@gmail.com
The Development of Model Learning Media of Sorting

Algorithm
Thitiporn Sittichailapa*, Computer Science Program at Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University,1 U-Thong Nok
Road, Dusit, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
Rattanathip Rattanachai, Computer Science Program at Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University,1 U-Thong Nok
Polprasit Polvieng, Computer Science Program at Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University,1 U-Thong Nok Road,
Dusit, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
Abstract
This paper is to develop a model based sorting-algorithm learning media. This model aims at studying steps of
this algorithm through the use of animation. The work at this stage emphasizes modeling of Insertion Sort. We
implemented this learning tool so that students can grasp the material intended in less time and with fun. The
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preliminary result being sampled from students of Computer Science Program at Suan Sunandha Rajabhat
University is found to be satisfactory.
Key words: Sorting Algorithm;Insertion Sort;Computer Science Education;Model Learning Media;Suan

Sunandha
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Thitiporn Sittichailapa, Computer Science Program at Suan Sunandha

Rajabhat University,1 U-Thong Nok Road, Dusit, Bangkok 10300, Thailand.
E-mail address:koi.thitiporn@gmail.com
An Investigation on Working Memory and Social, Emotional

and Cognitive Development Domains of Turkish children in
Early Childhood Period
Ozkan Ozgun*, Preschool Education, Çukurova University, Turkey.
Sule Erden, Preschool Education, Çukurova University, Turkey.
Munire Aydilek Ciftci, Preschool Education, Çukurova University, Turkey.
Abstract
Working memory is one of the main components of intellectual executive functions, keeping knowledge in the
mind and manipulating on this knowledge to guide future behaviours in line with the objectives (Baddeley ,
1992; Baddeley & Hitch,1974). Working memory develops so fast during pre-school period and is subject to
significant changes. An important increase is seen in the length and complexity of the verbal and numerical
information that children in pre-school period can keep in their working memory. Children's working memory is
related to some skills and acquisitions which are critically important in terms of development. Some of these
acquisitions include social, emotional and cognitive development.
The aim of this research is to see how working memory in early childhood period can be predictor of social,
emotional and cognitive developmental domains. This study investigates which development area is predicted
more by the predictor model. As a sampling method, purposive-stratified sampling, one of the non-random
sampling methods, was used. The participants of this study were normally developing 30 children at the age of
36-66 month-old, who were receiving pre-school education.
To measure visual-spatial working memory, the children were administered "The Map-Task" which was
developed by Wiebe et al., (2011) and Nutley et al., (2010). In addition; the teachers filled in evaluation forms
about the children's social, emotional and cognitive domains within the framework of 2013 pre-school
education programme. Also, the children were observed through semi-structured observaion forms. The data
are in the qualitative and quantitative analysis period.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ozkan Ozgun, Preschool Education, Çukurova University, Turkey.

E-mail address:oozgun@gmail.com
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Can the specialized translator be creative?
Alexandra-Valeria OPESCU*, Politehnica” University of Timisoara, Faculty of Communication Sciences,
Department of Communication and Foreign Languages,2, P. Râmneanțu, Timisoara, 300596, Romania
Marion-Ivonne COHEN-VIDA, Politehnica” University of Timisoara, Faculty of Communication Sciences,
Department of Communication and Foreign Languages,2, P. Râmneanțu, Timisoara, 300596, Romania
Abstract
The translation process of specialized texts should take into consideration two essential dimensions: the
content and the form, as they are exactly the elements the translator has to transfer from a source language A
to a target language B. It is an interdisciplinary process as it implies translation methods and techniques and at
the same time documentation work and terminological research in that field. The aim of this article is to
analyze the process of teaching specialized translation through film subtitling, proving that it must deal with a
double aspect: notional and linguistic. The student has to learn how to gather information quickly and
efficiently and how to use the new knowledge. We shall analyze, as well, the way the documentation and the
terminological work fit into the process of translation. They must not replace the student’s translation
competence, because a text which is the result of a good documentation is not necessarily a well translated
text. We shall prove that, even if he/she has to translate a specialized text, the translator has his/her freedom
and must use his/her creativity in translating it.
Key words: specialized translation documentary work, creativity, film subtitling
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Alexandra-Valeria OPESCU, Politehnica” University of Timisoara, Faculty

of Communication Sciences, Department of Communication and Foreign Languages,2, P. Râmneanțu,
Timisoara, 300596, Romania. E-mail address:anda_vp@yahoo.com
The Relationship between Reading speed in Turkish as L1

and English as L2
Ferit Kılıçkaya *, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Turkey
Hakan Ülper, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Turkey
Abstract
Introduction and Objectives:Reading skill is of utmost importance in both L1 and L2 since it plays an important
role particularly in learners’ success both at school and at work. Moreover, reading acts as an important skill for
any individual, opening new doors to all kinds of knowledge. The goal of the current paper is to determine
whether there is any relationship between learners’ oral reading speed in their L1 (Turkish) and L2 (English).
Methods: The study benefits from an experimental research design. The participants include 30 first-year
students of English in the department of Foreign Language Education at a state university. The participants will
be asked to read the English and Turkish versions of the two paragraphs, which are of expository and narrative
genres each. The participants’ reading speed will be measured for each paragraph to determine the number of
words read for per minute. Moreover, the participants will be asked to respond to a comprehension question
on each paragraph. Results: Considering the data to be obtained, the results will indicate whether there will be
any correlation between oral speed in Turkish as L1 and English as L2 and whether there are any differences for
different genres of texts (expository and narrative texts.)Conclusions: Based on the results, conclusions and
suggestions will be provided on the transfer of oral-reading automaticity from Turkish to English.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ferit Kılıçkaya, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Turkey.

E-mail address:ferit.kilickaya@gmail.com
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Approximation formula for the prediction of downwind
distance that found the maximum ground level
concentration of air pollution based on the Gaussian Model
Ronbanchob Apiratikul, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University , 1 U-Thong nok Rd,. Bangkok 10300, Thailand
Abstract
This research developed an approximation formula for the prediction of downwind location from a stack that
found the maximum ground level concentration of air pollution based on Gaussian Model using Brigg Method
for the calculation of sy and sz. The estimated and actual xmax were summarized. The errors were in the range of
0 to 2713.3%. The high accuracy of the estimation would likely to be observed at the lower xmax value and vice
versa. However, this technique has a limitation for the stability classes of E and F for the open-country
environment as that approximation method could be used for the stack height shorter than 141.4 m and 7.54
m, respectively.
Key words: Air pollution; plume distribution; modeling; continuous point source
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ronbanchob Apiratikul, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University , 1 U-Thong

nok Rd,. Bangkok 10300, Thailand. E-mail address:Ronbanchob@gmail.com
The Efficacy of Error Analysis on SL Learners’ Written

Accuracy
Anwar Mohammed Abdou Mourssi* , Higher College of Technology, Muscat University of West of England,.
Bristol, UK, Oman.
Abstract
The presenter believes that to predict or to analyze the learners’ errors may provide the teachers, researchers
and the learners with valuable information in the areas of difficulties that learners may encounter. An empirical
study was conducted on 37 Arab Learners of English (ALEs) which lasted four months. A detailed analysis was
made of the errors/mistakes of the simple past tense forms in 111 written texts produced by ALEs. The
analysis of the samples’ errors indicated that there are three types of errors committed by ALEs in forming the
simple past tense in English which are: interlingual, intralingual and in-between errors. Due to following the
process of error analysis and giving written feedback with Ex-implicit grammar teaching approach, it is noticed
that there is decrease of the non-target-like forms occurred gradually from the first writing (B), to the second
writing (M). Then, finally to the third writing (F), besides a remarkable increase of the target-like forms
occurred sharply from writing (B), to writing (M), and finally to writing (F). Quantitative and qualitative
analyses show the effectiveness of error analysis, Ex-implicit Grammar Teaching Approach and Written
Feedback on improving second/foreign language learners’ written accuracy. Participants will have an
opportunity to know about an updated second language acquisition model designed based on the context of
Arab Learners of English, and how to deal with the non-target-like forms produced by ALEs in the acquisition of
second language linguistic items in general and in the simple past in particular.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Anwar Mohammed Abdou Mourssi, Higher College of Technology, Muscat
University of West of England,. Bristol, UK, Oman. E-mail address:anwarmohd175@gmail.com
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Principles of lawyer’s profession exercise
Elena EVA* , University Al.I.Cuza,Iasi, 700506, Romania
Abstract
In order to solve the issue of clandestine lawyers, it is necessary to accept and acknowledge the ambiguous
situation de lege lata: there are no clear legislative elements for the identification of the U.N.B.R. [National
Association of the Romanian Bars] or of the bars affiliated to the U.N.B.R. Therefore, by taking advantage of
this legislative fault, persons who practice this profession clandestinely claim to be members of bars affiliated
to the U.N.B.R.; they also posit that the real U.N.B.R. has no legitimate grounds. Only Law No. 51/1995 included
a real reform concerning this profession, but this reform has been subjected to permanent alterations,
adjustments, and readjustments to the social realities encompassing the acts of justice.
Key words: principle, lawyer, legality, clandestine, profession
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Elena EVA, University Al.I.Cuza,Iasi, 700506, Romania.

E-mail address:avocateva.elena@gmail.com
CAN ONE ACCEPT THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION AND BELIEVE

IN GOD AS WELL?
Heslley Machado Silva, Centro Universitário de Formiga, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo de Sena, Formiga-MG, 35570-
000, Brasil
Daiana Evilin Gibram, Centro Universitário de Formiga, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo de Sena, Formiga-MG, 35570-000,
Brasil
Rosa Branca Tracana, UDI, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, CIEC, Institute of Education, University of Minho,
Braga, Portugal
Graça S. Carvalho, Institute of Education, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
Abstract
This work is part of a broader research project entitled "Rescuing Darwin", which was inspired in a British
report, and seeks to investigate how Brazilian understand this statement: "It is impossible to believe in
biological evolution and in God simultaneously". Results revealed that the majority of respondents did not
agree with the statement. The analysis of results revealed two answers categories, education and religion.
Having higher education tended to be a factor in rejecting the claim, although it was not statistically significant.
Spiritualists and Catholics showed lower acceptance of this statement (20.0% and 31.7%, respectively),
whereas Evangelicals and atheists had higher acceptance (59.5% and 62.5%, respectively). Considering that the
latter two groups are growing in the Brazilian population, it is possible to foresee an increase of this acceptance
in the future. In general the respondents rejected the statement, which shows that they believe that it is
possible to accommodate two conflicting ideas. The results indicate that it is possible to implement science
education on evolution in an environment of high religiosity, as individuals with previous dogmatic conceptions
can accommodate a theory that contradicts their fundamental beliefs.
Key words: Evolution; Creationism; Education, Religion
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Heslley Machado Silva, Centro Universitário de Formiga, Avenida Dr.
Arnaldo de Sena, Formiga-MG, 35570-000, Brasil. E-mail address:heslley@uniformg.edu.br
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Opinion of the Slovenian preschool teachers about arts and
cultural education in kindergarten
Barbara Sicherl Kafol*, Faculty of Education, University of Ljubjana, Kardeljeva ploščad 16, 1000, Ljubljana,
Slovenia
Olga Denac, Faculty of Education, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 160, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia
Jerneja Žnidaršič, Faculty of Education, University of Ljubjana, Kardeljeva ploščad 16, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Abstract
The article presents the results of a study conducted on a sample of 245 preschool teachers from all over
Slovenia. The study examines the arts and culture status of preschool teachers’ views about preschool
education in terms of the inclusion of arts and culture topics and their opinion about the implementation of the
aims of arts and cultural education in the planned and operational curricula. Results show that preschool
teachers do not consider spiritual, cultural and aesthetic values very important. Preschool teachers think that in
kindergarten more attention should be given to the performing arts, music arts and cultural heritage. They
often achieve most of the arts and cultural education aims in their work. However, they pay less attention to
aims such as investigating and expressing the cultures of other nations, developing cultural identity awareness,
expressing one’s own culture and expressing one’s own culture.
Key words: kindergarten; preschool teacher; preschool child; arts and culture areas; aims of arts and cultural
education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Barbara Sicherl Kafol, Faculty of Education, University of Ljubjana,

Kardeljeva ploščad 16, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia. E-mail address:Barbara.Kafol@guest.arnes.si
Trainer’s Choices in Teaching Translating/Interpreting

Camelia Petrescu* , “Politehnica” University of Timişoara, P-ţa Victoriei 2a, Timişoara, 300006, Romania.
Abstract
In spite of a relatively great variety of theoretical approaches to translation, translation theory mainly deals,
irrespective of how elaborate it is, with fidelity to either the spirit or the letter of a message. The former type is
described according to various particular approaches, as literal/semantic/documentary/overt/source
language/source culture/author oriented translation while the latter is called
communicative/instrumental/covert/cognitive/target language/target culture/reader oriented/ethnocentric
translation. The choices discussed here refer to both translation theory and translation pedagogy. Thus, for an
undergraduate course in translating/interpreting designed to meet both academic and vocational requirements
a communicative translation model is chosen as theoretical background for a training focused on translation as
an end product rather than on translation as a process. Mainly based on performance assessment and error
analysis this training approach is meant to raise linguistic and cultural awareness and develop associated
translational competences.
Key words: translation theory; translator training; performance assessment; error analysis; translational
competences
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Camelia Petrescu, “Politehnica” University of Timişoara, P-ţa Victoriei 2a,
Timişoara, 300006, Romania. E-mail address:cameliatpetrescu@yahoo.ro
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Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Klongkone
shrimp paste
Naruemon Prapasuwannakul, Suan SunandhaRajabhat University, 1 U Thong Nok Road, Bangkok 10300,
Thailand.
Kowit Suwannahong*, Western University, 600 Huaykajao, Kanchanaburi 71170, Thailand.
Abstract
Klongkone shrimp paste is a very well known Thai fermented shrimp paste product from Samut Songkram
province, Thailand. It is highly accepted by consumers due to its distinct aroma and taste. Chemical
composition and antioxidant activity of fourteen samples of shrimp paste from local Klongkone producers were
analysed. It was revealed that the samples containted 37.36-46.85 % moisture, 20.95-30.86% ash, 18.95-25.14
% protein, 0.69-2.05 % lipid, 19.78-22.96 % carbohydrate and 19.78-22.96 % salt. Water activity of the samples
were in the range of 0.70-0.74. The antioxidant activity against 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) of the
samples were ranging from 4.12 to 14.5 TE/g protein. The results indicated that Thai fermented shrimp paste
products from klongkone were good sources of nutrients as well as natural antioxidants. Moreover, the
products are safe from food pathogens and can be kept at ambient temperatures.
Key words: chemical composition; antioxidant activity; Klongkone; shrimp paste; Thailand
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Naruemon Prapasuwannakul, Suan SunandhaRajabhat University, 1 U

Thong Nok Road, Bangkok 10300, Thailand. E-mail address:nauemon.pr@ssru.ac.th
Parental values and children’s attitude towards reading

Alina Felicia Roman*, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Psychology and Social Sciences, “Aurel Vlaicu”
University, Elena Dragoi no. 2, Arad, 310330, Romania
Manuel Luís Castanheira Pinto, Department of Supervision Teaching Practice, University of Applied Sciences of
Bragança- Shool of Education, Campus de Santa Apolónia Apartado 1101, 5301 - 856 Bragança - Portugal
Abstract
The conflict of values is one of the complex values of current educational practice; it promotes the idea that
resonance and axiological coherence are desirable in all educating factors. We consider extremely important
the manner a child or trainee relates to this exterior scenery of values, which is constantly facing dilemmas and
conflicts. Parents` influence and the way the handle in different situations are the premises for the children`s
future adult behaviours. Family is the most important factor of primary social interaction and it is responsible
for developing the habitus (Bourdieu, 1999). Family does not only transfer information which is vital for
cognitive or affective autonomy and functionality but also information on social statuses, beliefs and values
that guide parents` and children`s behaviour. Shaping has an important role in the transfer process. Children,
as observers of adult behaviour will include in their relationships similar behaviour to the one they imitate from
their parents. Imitation refers to sets of values taken up by parents, to the manner they try to transfer these
values to children through various activities and also to the manner parents themselves behave in this system
of values. The study tries to link parental values, regarded as parents` beliefs on what is desirable in their
children to peculiarities of cultural consumption seen as an attempt to shape them as reflexive readers.
Education for reading facilitates autonomous orientation in understanding culture and reflexive relating to
polymorphic and open values.
Key words: parental values; culture; education for reading; development
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Alina Felicia Roman, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Psychology and
Social Sciences, “Aurel Vlaicu” University, Elena Dragoi no. 2, Arad, 310330, Romania.
E-mail address:romanalinafelicia2@yahoo.com
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THE ARCHİTECTURE DEPARTMENT'S STUDENTS' APPROACH
TO THE REİNFORCED CONCRETE COURSE
Gonca AKÇAER, Niğde Üniversitesi Rektörlüğü, Merkez Yerleşke Bor Yolu Üzeri, Niğde, 51240, Türkiye
Asena SOYLUK, Dr., Gazi Üniversitesi Mimarlık Fakültesi Eti Mah. Yükseliş sok. No 5 Maltepe, ANKARA, 06570,
Türkiye
Yunus ERKUŞ*,Gazi Üniversitesi Mimarlık Fakültesi Eti Mah. Yükseliş sok. No 5 Maltepe, ANKARA, 06570,
Türkiye
Abstract
Reinforced concrete is a kind of structural system which plays a lead role in shaping the built environment
throughout the twentieth century in Turkey and throughout the world. From the beginning of the century this
carrier system was seen as part of modernization project in Turkey as in many countries, spread over the entire
country in rural and urban areas. This structural system’s features, advantages and disadvantages must be
known by architects who design the artificial environment. This study has been carried out to examine the
approaches for teaching reinforced concrete structures’ static and dynamic behavior to architecture
department’s senior students and to develop a common language use with civil engineers in their professional
life. It was conducted on the last year undergraduate students at Gazi University Department of Architecture. A
ten question survey form designed by the researcher to collect data. The students’ expectations from
reinforced concrete cou rse compared with the current situation by the answers. Currently, the main mission
of departments of architecture which give Professional architectural education is to attribute the reinforce
concrete courses to numerical analysis in means of resizing the structural elements due to the need to equip
the individuals who start education. So this fact it indicates that purely formal evoluation isnot sufficient in
creation of contemporary architectural spaces equipped with reinforced concrete structural systems.
However, some of architecture students never see themselves as a discipline to do calculations or analysis.
Key words: mimarlık eğitimi,betonarme tasarım,deprem
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Gonca AKÇAER, Niğde Üniversitesi Rektörlüğü, Merkez Yerleşke Bor Yolu
Üzeri, Niğde, 51240, Türkiye. E-mail address:gonca.akcaer90@gmail.com
Study of Learning Behaviors of Nursing Student at

The Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing
Panida Varachanon * , Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing, Bangkok 10600, Thailand.
Abstract
The study was a descriptive research aiming at study and compare the learning behaviors of nursing students at
the Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing. The samples were 176 nursing students studying in the academic year
2012. The data were collected using a questionnaire. The statistics used in this study were Average, Standard
Deviation, One-way ANOVA and Scheffe's Post Hoc Comparison. The results were shown as following : 1) The
learning behaviors of the nursing student was generally at moderate level (X- 3.4, S.D. = 0.34); 2)It was found
that the level of current study was associated with the learning behaviors as shown below: 2.1) The third year
students had significantly higher anxiety regarding learning comparing to the first, the second and the fourth
year students at the level of .05; 2.2) The second year students had significantly higher concentration and
attention than the students in first and fourth year at .05 level; 2.3) The fourth year students possessed
significantly higher knowledge processing ability than those in the first and the third year at the level of .05;
2.4) The second year students applied techniques to gather and search for knowledge more than those in the
first and the third year with the statistical significance at .05.
Key words: Learning Behaviors
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Panida Varachanon, Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing, Bangkok 10600,
Thailand. E-mail address:panida.v@hotmail.com
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The Link Between Knowledge Management,Organizational
Learning and Collective Competence
Amira KHELIL*, Department of Managment, FSEG SFAX, Tunisia
Abstract
The XXIst century is characterized by promoting teamwork as one of the main drivers of firms` performance.
Collective competence is becoming crucial in developing and maintaining a firm’s competitive advantage, as
well as its contributions to organizational innovation. In other words , the improvement of collective
competence for a firm is no longer a choice, but rather an obligation.
Learning capabilities of a firm in the context of knowledge management are assumed to be the main drivers of
collective competence. Although there are some efforts to consider these concepts together; they are mostly
discussed separately in the management theory. Thus, this paper aims to offer a holistic approach for
development collective competence on the basis of Knowledge Management and Organizational Learning
Capabilities . A theoretical model that defines a relationship between knowledge management , organizational
learning and collective competence is presented at the end of this paper.
Key words: Collective competence, exploitation learning, exploration learning, knowledge management,
organizational learning capabilities.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Amira KHELIL, Department of Managment, FSEG SFAX, Tunisia.

E-mail address:khelil_amira@yahoo.fr
An Analysis about the Main Problems of Turkish Educational

System in the Light of American Council's Report (1934)
Yusuf Keskin, Sakarya University, Hendek/Sakarya, 54300, Turkey.
Hatice Söylemez, Sakarya University, Hendek/Sakarya, 54300, Turkey.
Sevgi Coşkun Keskin, Sakarya University, Hendek/Sakarya, 54300, Turkey.
Abstract
When you have a look at the history of education during the early years of the republic, it can be seen that
many foreign educators came to Turkey especially till the late 1950s. Among these educators, the numbers of
American teachers are considerably high. A council headed by an American teacher E. Walter Kemmerer and
their report raises the attention. This group was invited to our country in order to do a research upon Turkish
economy. This council started their research in 1933 and presented their report to the government in 1934.
Besides their financial advices, they added a part into their report about Turkish education. In this study what
we mostly focused on is two grades of education which had especially been defined in the report (primary and
secondary education). Findings, thoughts and advices of the council have been analysed and it is tried to be
compared with the current position of Turkish educational system. Document examining technique among
qualitative methods has been used as the main data source of this study is the American council's report which
was published in 1939. In addition to the report mentioned in the study, some critics and explanatory studies
upon the history of Turkish education and reports of foreign experts have been used as a secondary source of
information. At the end of the study, it has been concluded that findings of the American council were
meaningful and some of those problems are still present in current Turkish educational system.
Key words: Foreign specialist reports, education specialists, American specialists, education history, education
system in Turkey
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Yusuf Keskin, Sakarya University, Hendek/Sakarya, 54300, Turkey.

E-mail address:hsoylemez@sakarya.edu.tr
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The Effects of Ischemic-Reperfusion Preconditioning and
Remote Preconditioning on production of static and
dynamic submaximal force
Maysam Shabaaninia* , Iran, Islamic Republic Of
Sara Zarekarizak, Iran, Islamic Republic Of
Abstract
Optimization of training results and improving the response require the selection of appropriate stimulus which
is a goal of any training program. It seems that Ischemic-Reperfusion Preconditioning (IRPC) can be a suitable
stimulus to increase submaximal contractile responses. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the effect
of Ischemic-Reperfusion Preconditioning and Remote Preconditioning on sub-maximal static and dynamic
forces of young men. To this end, 20 young male students at Shahid Rajai university of Tehran were randomly
selected and divided into two groups; control group (age of 20±1.42 years, height of 174.34±5.66 cm, weight of
71.1±6.12 kg) and experimental group (age of 20.5±1.33 years, Height of 176.2±4.88 cm, weight of 74.45±7.09
kg). The participants did single Arm preacher Dumbbell Curl with the weight of 8 kg for dynamic movement in
more repetition and holding time of contraction at 90 degree for static movement. The results of the pre and
post-tests were collected for both hands. In the experimental group, before the pretest, the dominant hand
was under partial blood flow restriction (BFR) for 3 minutes and then the motion was carried a minute later
than reperfusion. To examine the differences between the two groups, One-way ANOVA was performed.
Normal data distribution of data was specified via Kolmogorov–Smirnov test and the level of statistical
significance was at P≤0.05. The results indicated significant increase in static performance in consequence of
IRPC ( P=0.001,F=14.071) but IRRPC had no significant effect. It can be due to partially precompensation effect
of temporary ischemia induced by static contraction. However, IRPC and IRRPC had no significant effect on
dynamic performance. Therefore, to increase force and delay fatigue in submaximal static contractions IRPC is
recommended.
Key words: Preconditioning, Ischemic-Reperfusion, Static and Dynamic.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Maysam Shabaaninia, Iran, Islamic Republic Of.

E-mail address:shabaaninia@gmail.com
The effects of technology over translation students in

academic translation teaching
Mehmet Cem Odacıoğlu*, University of Sakarya, Department of Translation Studies, Sakarya, 54187, Turkey
Şaban Köktürk, University of Sakarya, Department of Translation Studies, Sakarya, 54187, Turkey
Abstract
This paper aims at touching upon effects of technological developments on the translation teaching in the 21st
century. These technological developments are usually in the area of Information Technology (IT) contributing
to the fast growth of the computer industry. The popularization of the computer, especially in the early 1980s
changed actually the way translator follows in the translation process through the appearence of useful
translator tools including terminology databases, translation memories, translation management programs,
electronic corporas and so forth. These breakthroughs happening in the computer technologies also triggered a
different perception of what we call functional translation theories defending that every translation is made for
a purpose and suggesting a target oriented approach. In the past a translator had to translate using a
typewriter or paper and pen. The development of the technology, however, encouraged the translation
industry or more appropriately, now localication industry to adopt new tools in the translation process. While
explaining all these points, the study follows a descriptive and comparative methodology.
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Key words: Information Technology; electronic corporas; terminology database; translation memory;
translation managament programs; computer technologies; functional translation theories.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Mehmet Cem Odacıoğlu, University of Sakarya, Department of Translation

Studies, Sakarya, 54187, Turkey. E-mail address:codacioglu@sakarya.edu.tr
Blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen consumption index

variation and their associations with body lipids profile in
active and inactive students
Maysam Shabaaninia *, Iran, Islamic Republic Of
Maryamsadat Moosavi, Iran, Islamic Republic Of
Abstract
Differences in blood pressure, heart rate and double product (DP=SBP*HR) at rest , exercise and recovery
conditions can be a criteria for diagnosis, care and treatment decisions. Prevalence of metabolic syndrom in
younger adults has been caused, concerns and needs more attentions.Thus this study aim to investigate the
variation of blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen consumption index and their associations with lipid profile
and over weight indices in active and inactive students. By this reason 10 active and 10 inactive students from
Shahid Rajaee Tarbiat Dabir university that were volunteered for participating in the study, were chosen
randomly and put in two experimental active (mean age 21, weight 68.1 and height 174.1) and inactive(mean
age 21.5, weight 73.07 and height 177) groups. The participants implement in Canningham Faulkner
submaximal tredmeal test until exhaustion (slope:20dg , speed:12.9km/hr). Firstly sitting systolic and dyastolic
blood pressure (SBP,DBP), and heart rate (HR) , doble product, blood lipid indices, visceral fat, body fat ratio
and body mass index calculated before the test. Then again sitting BP and HR and DP measured immediately
after the test and after 3 minutes recovery. The variance and covariance with repeated measures tests used for
statistics analysis. The results, showed that recovery of HR (P=0.006 , F=6.012) , SBP (P=0.02 , F=4.353) and DP
(P=0.004 , F=6.38) occures more favorable in active students. Modification of results with over weight indices
and lipids profile showed the association between some of these indices and poor recovery in inactive
students. So considering these findings , can express that fitness and physical activity has positive effect on
recovery of hemodynamics indices after exercise even though no differences observe in resting and exercise
values. Over weighting and dislipidemia can partially explain some of these differences between physicaly
active and inactive people. Thus controling these factors with exercise and appropriate diet is suggested.
Key words: Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Double Product, Recovery, Dıslıpıdemıa, Over Weighting, Phasıcal
Activity.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Maysam Shabaaninia, Iran, Islamic Republic Of.

E-mail address:shabaaninia@gmail.com
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Kemaliye (Erzincan) Ecology Based Nature Education Project
In Participants’ Eyes
Yusuf Durmuş * , Hacettepe University Faculty of Science, Zoology Department, Ankara, 06410, Turkey.
Ayşegül Evren Yapıcıoğlu, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Education, Science Education Depasrtment, Ankara
06410, Turkey.
Abstract
The goal of Kemaliye (Erzincan) Ecology-based Nature Education Project is to give education people whose job
is or is going to be training broad masses of the society about the observing components of nature with their
senses, exploring living and unliving entities in their habitats and reflecting their theoretical knowledge on
nature to their practices. The participations of the research were, research assistants of universities, teachers,
Ph.D. and M.A. students, under graduate students, those working at related institutions is considered
appropriate. Participants were attend the research for 9 days during the project program as two different
groups (N:60). 19 ecology based nature education activities were involved in project.
Three open ended questions were asked to participants to get their suggestion and criticism about the changes
in their lives because of the project and how they will spread their gained knowledge and experience. Data
obtained from their answers are analyzed by using qualitative research method with inductive analysis. At the
end of the project, themes which were related to the developing people’ awareness and sharing information
(% 26,6) and reflecting professional environment and life (%48,3) are the result of the study. It is thought that
both education period and participants’ experience are beneficial to gain a different point of view and
contributions to other science education researches in this Ecology-Based Nature Education Project which
supported by TUBİTAK
Key words: Ecology Based Nature Education, Teacher Education, Science education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Yusuf Durmuş, Hacettepe University Faculty of Science, Zoology

Department, Ankara, 06410, Turkey. E-mail address:yusufd@hacettepe.edu.tr
The Temple Staff’s Encounter with the Behavior of Foreign

Tourists
Pranee Pathomchaiwat, Faculty of Humanity and Social Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University,Bangkok
10300,Thailand
Pattaraporn Polpanadham, Faculty of Management Science,Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University,Bangkok
10300,Thailand
Abstract
This research paper reveals the types of foreign tourist’s behavior while visiting the temple compound of Wat
Phrachetuponwimolmangkalaram (Wat Pho) in Bangkok, Thailand. The target sample groups are the foreign
tourists who visited the temple, during February, March, April and May 2013.The tools used in the research
were 207 questionnaires and behavior check lists, and samples were dawn by convenience sampling. The
respondents’ outstanding objectives were to visit the temple and pay respects to the Reclining Buddha Image
in the Viharn. According to the behavior check lists, wearing revealing attire was found in moderate frequency.
On the other hand, the foreign tourists evaluated themselves at a high level on dressing in appropriate
clothing. However, making loud noises was slightly moderate frequency found.The foreign tourists’ behavior
occurred because of culture and climate differences. It was suggested that etiquette for visiting the temple
should be strict in order to avoid offending Thai Buddhists. For further study, a study of the language and
functions used by the temple staff should be made.
Key words: Temple Staff;behaviour; foreign touristrs
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Pranee Pathomchaiwat, Faculty of Humanity and Social Sciences, Suan
Sunandha Rajabhat University,Bangkok 10300,Thailand. E-mail address:pranee.pa@ssru.ac.th
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"Students' Views with regard to Probsol Learning
Environment"
Derya Ozlem Yazlik*, Institute of science and technology, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
Ahmet Erdogan, Department of Secondary Mathematics Education,Ahmet Kelesoglu Education Faculty,
Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey.
Abstract
The aim of this study is to assess learner views with regard to ProbSol learning environment prepared
according to problem solving steps for the teaching of “applications related to equations and inequalities”. In
line with this aim, the study was carried out with 15 volunteered 9th graders who are taught with ProbSol. The
study is a case study, which is one of the qualitative research paradigms, and a semi-structured interview form
with 8 open-ended questions developed by the researchers was used. Data obtained from semi-structured
interview form were analyzed with content analysis method. In general, the views of the participants with
regard to ProbSol environment were mostly positive.
Key words: "Problem solving steps, e-learning, Student’s views;"
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Derya Ozlem Yazlik, Institute of science and technology, Selcuk University,
Konya, Turkey. E-mail address:deryaozlemyazlik@mynet.com
Model of Factors Influencing Internal Quality Assurance

Operational Effectiveness of the Small Sized Primary School
in Northeast of Thailand
Phoom Praraksa, Department of Educational Administration , Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani,
41000, Thailand
Somkid Sroinam, Department of Educational Administration , Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani,
41000, Thailand
Muntana Inthusamith, Department of Educational Administration , Loei Rajabhat University, Loei, 42000,
Thailand
Manit Pawarinyanon, Department of Educational Administration , Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon
Thani, 41000, Thailand
Abstract
The internal quality assurance plays important role in school because it is related to school trust. This research
aimed to develop and examine the goodness of fit of the model of factors influencing internal quality assurance
operational effectiveness of the small sized primary school in Northeast of Thailand. The research sample
consisted of 765 small sized primary school in Northeast. The questionnaire was used to collect the data that
were analysed by SEM computer soft wares. The research findings indicated that the model was valid and fit to
the empirical data. The factors having effect to internal quality assurance operational effectiveness of the small
sized primary school in Northeast consisted of 1) four factors of direct effect were administrators’ instructional
leadership, innovation culture of organization, opened climate of organization and teachers leadership 2) four
factors of indirect effect were administrators’ instructional leadership, team work, opened climate of
organization and teachers leadership 3) five factors of total effect were administrators’ instructional leadership,
opened climate of organization, teachers leadership, innovation culture of organization and team work. The
model accounted for 85% of variance in effectiveness of the small sized primary school.
Key words: Internal Quality Assurance Operational Effectiveness; Administrators’ Instructional Leadership;
Teachers Leadership; Team Work; Opened Climate of Organization; Innovation Culture of Organization
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Phoom Praraksa, Department of Educational Administration , Udon Thani

Rajabhat University, Udon Thani, 41000, Thailand. E-mail address:phoompraraksa@gmail.com
66 | P a g e
Conceptual model of management in automotive projects
Laurentiu Margineanu, Polytechnic University Timisoara, Faculty of Management in Production and
Transportation, Str. Remus, No.14, 300191 Timisoara, Romania
Gabriela Prostean, Polytechnic University Timisoara, Faculty of Management in Production and Transportation,
Str. Remus, No.14, 300191 Timisoara, Romania
Serban Popa, Polytechnic University Timisoara, Faculty of Management in Production and Transportation, Str.
Remus, No.14, 300191 Timisoara, Romania
Abstract
In automotive industry the development of new products, involve complex engineering processes subject to
time pressures and fierce competition on the automotive market. An important role in the development of
such projects it is the process planner. The position of process planner involves the interface between the
department of design and development and production department, managing the projects in terms of technic
side till implement them in series production. This paper develops in teach mode a conceptual model to scroll
the successive phases of the project, designed to position the process planner, in order to transfer the
knowledge to the students, in the field of project management of new product development in the automotive
industry. Through a case study it will be creates a conceptual model in methodological way, namely that
exemplifies the main phases of automotive projects: the quote, concept, release of design, testing and
qualification of product and final phase of preparing and launching in series production. Preliminary phase
namely quotation phase includes defining the project team and submitting the offer. Process steps are
established for each operation and the estimated cost for devices and equipment, project time planning, and
can generate the first effective phase of the project, namely the concept phase, called the foundation project
also. Next phase of concept phase is the release of design, thereupon the design is frozen, as well as the
product bill of materials. PP sets: final steps of the process; production line (cell layout design); material flow;
Process Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (P-FMEA ) and highlighting the top 5 risks assumed; In testing phase
and product qualification, the PP manages and harmonizes in the smallest detail in order to achieve this target,
to complete the preparation and launch in series production.
Key words: process planner, automotive, project management; product emergence process
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Laurentiu Margineanu, Polytechnic University Timisoara, Faculty of

Management in Production and Transportation, Str. Remus, No.14, 300191 Timisoara, Romania.
E-mail address:lau_margineanu@yahoo.com
The Link Between Knowledge Management, Organizational

Learning and Collective Competence
A.Khelil*,Department of Managment, FSEG SFAX, Tunisia.
H.Affes,Department of Managment, FSEG SFAX, Tunisia.
Abstract
The XXIst century is characterized by promoting teamwork as one of the main drivers of firms` performance.
Collective competence is becoming crucial in developing and maintaining a firm’s competitive advantage, as
well as its contributions to organizational innovation. In other words, the improvement of collective
competence for a firm is no longer a choice, but rather an obligation.
Learning capabilities of a firm in the context of knowledge management are assumed to be the main drivers of
collective competence. Although there are some efforts to consider these concepts together; they are mostly
discussed separately in the management theory. Thus, this paper aims to offer a holistic approach for
development collective competence on the basis of Knowledge Management and Organizational Learning
Capabilities . A theoretical model that defines a relationship between knowledge management , organizational
learning and collective competence is presented at the end of this paper.
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Key words: Collective competence, exploitation learning, exploration learning, knowledge management,
organizational learning capabilities
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:A.Khelil, Department of Managment, FSEG SFAX, Tunisia.

E-mail address:khelil_amira@yahoo.fr
Innovation in education: Students’ perceptions of

implementing ICT in learning in second-cycle institutions in
Ghana
Charles Buabeng-Andoh* , Pentecost University College, Ghana
Issifu Yidana, Pentecost University College, Ghana
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate secondary school students’ perceptions’ and ICT usage. A total of 3380
students from 24 public and private schools from four regions in Ghana participated in this study. Descriptive
statistics, Analysis of variance were used to analyze the findings. The study revealed that students’ ICT usage to
support learning was low. The analysis showed that students’ perceived value, expectancy of success and
perceived cost were high. Male students value implementing ICT in learning more positively than female
students. Also, public school students value using ICT in classrooms more positively than private school
students. Generally, students’ perceptions of ICT usage were positive.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Charles Buabeng-Andoh, Pentecost University College, Ghana.

E-mail address:cbandoh@hotmail.com
Peculiarities of Interactive Whiteboard Application during

Lessons in Lithuanian General Education Schools
Brigita Vainorytė*, Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, Studentų g. 39, LT-08106 Vilnius, Lithuania
Birutė Žygaitienė, Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, Studentų g. 39, LT-08106 Vilnius, Lithuania
Abstract
The research aims to identify the peculiarities of using interactive whiteboards (IWB) in 5th-6th and 9th-10th
forms in Lithuanian general education schools. The research was carried out in the school year of 2013–2014
and the data were obtained from the survey of 25 heads of school, 76 teachers and 116 school learners. The
data acquired during the survey allowed to identify the most frequent advantages of using IWB as well as the
related problems and impact of this teaching and learning tool.
Key words: interactive whiteboard; advantages of using interactive whiteboards; impact of interactive
whiteboards
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Brigita Vainorytė, Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, Studentų

g. 39, LT-08106 Vilnius, Lithuania. E-mail address:brigita.vainoryte@leu.lt
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REVERSIBLE PYRAMID (RP) METHOD IN FARADAY'S FIRST
LAW CALCULATIONS
Sathia Kumaran* , Perak Matriculation College, Malaysia
Abstract
his study intends to investigate the effectiveness of the Reversible Pyramid (RP) method in enhancing two year
programme science students in solving Faraday’s First Law calculations correctly. The sample of the study
comprised 55 students in experimental group and 55 students in control group. Experimental group
(treatment) in which the (RP) method was applied whereas the conventional method was applied on the
control group. A pre-test was administered to both groups. The experimental group received the (RP) method
while the control group was taught using the conventional method. After the teaching sessions, all the
respondents took the post-test. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
According to the independent sample t-test, the mean of the post-test using (RP) method was greater than the
post-test of the conventional method. The main finding revealed that the (RP) method had significant effect. As
such, the (RP) method can be effectively implemented to improve the ability of the two year programme
science matriculation students in solving Faraday’s First Law calculations. Chemistry teachers may apply the
Reversible Pyramid (RP) method in order to enhance the students' performance in the chapter of
Electrochemistry
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sathia Kumaran, Perak Matriculation College, Malaysia.

E-mail address:k.sathiakumaran@gmail.com
The Application of Roof Ventilator for Electricity Generation

Chonmapat Torasa*, Electrical Industrial Technology Department, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Suan
Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
Nichanant Sermsri, Crafts Product Design Department, Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts, Suan Sunandha
Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
Abstract
Wind energy is one types of renewable energy and it does not cause pollution. Therefore, presently, there is
the technological development of applying wind energy for the electricity generation. Wind energy is used to
replace fossil energy such as oil and coal, causing environmental pollution. Moreover, Thailand has promoted
the studies of wind energy application to generate electricity. Nowadays, there is number of small and medium
wind turbines used for electricity generation for buildings, houses and small communities. Since Thailand is
located in the tropical climate, the buildings, houses and industrial facilities prefer installing roof ventilators to
vent hot air out of the roof. Therefore, the author proposed the roof ventilator system equipped with a small
direct current electric generator. A 18-watt DC generator was installed in 24-inch roof ventilator and carry
around rotation of the generator by gear to the rotation axis of roof ventilator.
The results of the study were found that roof ventilator would begin to generate a voltage of 0.2 - 0.3 volt at
wind speed of 0.5 meters per second. When the wind speed is higher than 2 meters per second, it would
produce about 3.5 volts. However, when connecting the voltage produced by the generator to the DC Step-Up
Converter, it was found the wind speed of 5 meters per second. DC generators can produce a voltage of 3 volts.
With the DC Step-Up Converter, the voltage would increase to approximately 12 volts and can the current to
220 mA, which is sufficient level to work with light-emitting diode lamp. In sum, the system of roof ventilator
with a small DC generator could be applied to generate electricity for various households.
Key words: Roof ventilator; DC generator; Electricity generation
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Chonmapat Torasa, Electrical Industrial Technology Department, Faculty of

Industrial Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand.
E-mail address:chonmapatt@yahoo.com
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Science Teachers' Perspective on metal-nonmetallic
concept: A Qualitative Study
Sevgül Çalış* , Education Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, 16059, Türkiye
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine the teachers’ views on the concept “the metal-nonmetal science. 55
students, including freshman and sophomore teacher candidates who were lectured in the Uludag University
summer school during the 2013-2014 period, participated in this study.The participants of the study were
determined with a purposive sample which enables the researcher to choose the ones who are believed to find
the solutions to the problems of the researcher. Data were collected from open-ended questions which are
developed by the researchers. Students answered the related tests with six open ended questions in almost 30
minutes. The qualitative data was analyzed via phenomenographic analysis. The result of the research showed
that prospective teachers have basic or deficient knowledge of basics of metal and non-metallic concept, their
applications and the effects of metals or non-metals on human health. It is underscored that teacher
candidates need to be aware of this issue.
Key words: metal, nonmetal, teacher candidates, phenomenography
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sevgül Çalış, Education Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, 16059, Türkiye.
E-mail address:scalis@uludag.edu.tr
The problem of spiritual and moral formation of personality

Nadezhda Yachina * , Kazan (Volga region) federal university, Mezhlauk 1, Kazan 420111, Russia
Abstract
The urgency of the problem under investigation is due to the fact that spirituality forms the identity of a person
and is the highest moral center that is focused on the essence, the very sense of human existence. The purpose
of this paper is a theoretical study of basic concepts of the educational process - the spirit, spirituality, religion,
morality; the attempts to match the concept of "spirituality" and "morality" in the system of philosophical
views. The paper analyzes the existing approaches to the understanding of spirituality, the inclusion of
spirituality in the context of psychological analysis. The paper also views possible ways of spiritual and moral
formation of a man, the trends of modern education. While some equate spirituality with morality, others
identify it with culture or see spirituality only in philosophy or religion. The author emphasizes that education is
designed to withstand the destructive tendencies of a modern society and to support creative and progressive
tendencies, which are realized through the actions of social institutions, one of which is University. Science
should play a crucial role in the development of future society in raising spiritual and moral personality.
Key words: spirituality, secular spirituality, lecturer’s personality, culture, morality
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Nadezhda Yachina, Kazan (Volga region) federal university, Mezhlauk 1,
Kazan 420111, Russia. E-mail address:nadegda_777@mail.ru
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Temple Information Retrieval System using QR code
via Mobile Application
Rujijan Vichivanives, Rajabhat Suansunandha University, Faculty of Sceince and Technology, Bangkok, 10700,
Thailand
Sakolphak Ralangarm, Rajabhat Suansunandha University, Faculty of Sceince and Technology, Bangkok, 10700,
Thailand
Abstract
Presented in this paper is a searching technology application based on the Android operating system and the
utilization of QR code technology as main data storage. The scope of this system development is limited to
locating temples within the districts of Dusit and Phra Nakorn of the Bangkok Metropolitan Area. The
developer considered the importance of communication through detailed data collection and gathering so that
the users of this application can obtain concise and complete information. Their uses of smart devices ability to
scan the QR code via the developed application that subsequently processes and renders various information
including pictures, history and details of the requested temple inquiries on the displays. Speed, accuracy and
correct information of the searching are just benefits that users of this application can expect to receive.
Key words: information retrieval system; QR code; mobile application, smartphone
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Rujijan Vichivanives, Rajabhat Suansunandha University, Faculty of Sceince

and Technology, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand. E-mail address:rujijan.vi@ssru.ac.th
The Learning Application Development on Tablet for

Mathematics subject
Wilailuk Meepracha* , Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University,Thailand
Abstract
The purposes of this research were to develop and evaluate the efficiency of the application of learning
application on tablet for grade 1 students in Mathematics, to compare students’ achievement and to assess
students’ satisfaction after studying the learning application on tablet. The pretest-posttest design was
employed in this study. The sample consisted of 60 grade 1 students at Tanam Samsen, Vajira, Dusit, Bangkok.
The research findings revealed that the learning application on tablet in Mathematics had the efficiency of
80.11/80.17 with the criteria of 80/80. Based on the statistics of the t-test, students’ achievements in the class
after using the learning application on tablet had performed significantly better on the posttest (t-test = 17.09
at = 0.05). The students’ satisfaction on using learning application on tablet had shown that 50% of the
students in the sample had the highest level of satisfaction, 36.67% had high level of satisfaction and 13.33 %
had moderate level of satisfaction.
Key words: Learning Application, Mathematics, Tablet
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Wilailuk Meepracha, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University,Thailand.

E-mail address:wilailuk.me@ssru.ac.th
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Integrating Critical Chain method with AGILE life cycles in
the automotive industry
Andrei Hutanu*, “Politehnica” University of Timisoara, Faculty of Management in Production and
Transportation, 14 Remus str., Timisoara 300191, Romania
Gabriela Prostean, “Politehnica” University of Timisoara, Faculty of Management in Production and
Transportation, 14 Remus str., Timisoara 300191, Romania
Andra Badea, “Politehnica” University of Timisoara, Faculty of Management in Production and Transportation,
14 Remus str., Timisoara 300191, Romania
Abstract
Difficult implementation of software development projects in the automotive industry have to face the velocity
strategies for the use of the latest technologies that would provide the success of this type of projects,
namely the frequency of change requirements during the life cycle. Current complexity determines the
implementation of development strategies that would provide optimal projects structuring from the software
field. In the first part the paper presents a comparative analysis of classical life cycle of IT projects with
different life cycles of AGILE projects type from the automotive industry. In the second part it is configured in a
teaching manner a conceptual model, which integrates Critical Chain method, based on the philosophy Theory
of Constraints (TOC) developed by E.M. Goldratt, with life cycles analyzed, to avoid delays in the project and
more to cope with disturbances caused by changing requirements in the each phase of the project life cycle.
Key words: software projects, AGILE projects, Critical Chain, automotive industry.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Andrei Hutanu, “Politehnica” University of Timisoara, Faculty of

Management in Production and Transportation, 14 Remus str., Timisoara 300191, Romania.
E-mail address:andra@publicist.com
Narrative ways of architecture education: A case study

Sajjad Nazidizaji*, ICIST, DECivil, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1,
Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
Ana Tomé, ICIST, DECivil, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, Lisboa
1049-001, Portugal
Francisco Regateiro, CESUR, DECivil, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1,
Ahmadreza Keshtkar Ghalati, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Architecture education has social, interpersonal, ethical aspects. The role of narration and storytelling as a
pedagogical tool in clarification of academic subjects has been argued by researchers. This study examines the
narration method in architecture education compare to lecturing method. Two groups of students each of
them consists of 37 participants were selected. A subject was taught to one group by lecturing and for another
group by narration method. After the experiment, the results were compared by independent t-test using SPSS.
The t-test showed a significant difference between the test results of the two groups
Key words: Narration; Architecture education; storytelling
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sajjad Nazidizaji, ICIST, DECivil, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de
Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal.
E-mail address:Sajjad.nazidizaji@tecnico.ulisboa.pt
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Creative educational methods in implementation of
investment projects in renewable energy
Andra Badea, “Politehnica” University of Timisoara, Faculty of Management in Production and Transportation,
14 Remus str., Timisoara 300191, Romania.
Gabriela Prostean, “Politehnica” University of Timisoara, Faculty of Management in Production and
Transportation, 14 Remus str., Timisoara 300191, Romania.
Cristian Vasar, “Politehnica” University of Timisoara, Faculty of Automatics and Computer Science, Vasile
Pârvan bld., no. 2 Timisoara, RO 300223, Romania.
Octavian Prostean,“Politehnica” University of Timisoara, Faculty of Automatics and Computer Science, Vasile
Pârvan bld., no. 2 Timisoara, RO 300223, Romania.
Abstract
Implementation of renewable energy projects (RES) involves very complex processes which are based on the
latest creative techniques to give adequate solutions teaching practitioners of this multidisciplinary field. The
need for a complex transfer of knowledge at the administrative level, technical level and technological level of
RES projects, constitute prerequisites for success in projects implementation of this type. The present paper
proposes using creative educational methods for implementing investment projects in renewable energy using
a combination of methods of E.M. Goldratt.
To exemplify bottleneck situations in the management of certain flows within the supply chain of the RES
implementation projects, the paper proposes Drum-Buffer-Rope philosophy. In order to underline the
effectiveness in fast obtaining and implementing the right solutions along the lifecycle of RES projects, the
paper illustrates the steps of Theory of Constraints Thinking Process (TOCTP) integration by problem
diagnosing, designing the solutions plan and integrating the solutions plan through the conceptualization of
adequate diagrams communication within these types of projects.
Key words: renewable energy projects, supply chain, TOCTP
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Andra Badea, “Politehnica” University of Timisoara, Faculty of

Management in Production and Transportation, 14 Remus str., Timisoara 300191, Romania.
E-mail address:andra@publicist.com
Health behaviours of undergraduate students in Suan

Sunandha Rajabhat University
Pimporn Thongmuang, College of Allied Health Science,Suansunandha Rajabhat University 1, Uthong Nok Rd.,
Dusit, Dusit, Bangkok 10300 Thailand.
Kowit Suwannahong, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Western University, Kanchanaburi
71170, Thailand.
Abstract
The purpose of this research is study of relationship between a varieties of health behaviours of undergraduate
students in the College of Allied Health Science, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Thailand. The students of
Health Science Program, Aesthetic Health Science Program, Public Health Program and Thai Traditional
Medicine Program were represented the sample group in this research. Undergraduate students (N=562)
enrolled in second semester, 2014. Male students and female students were 87.5 % and 12.5 %, respectively.
The research tool for data collection was the checklist with 0.807 reliability index. The interpreting of results
was calculated by statistical analysis. The results found that the most average of healthy behaviours in
students was brushing teeth after wake up and before sleep 85.6% .Moreover, less healthy behaviours was
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exercise regularly at 3.6%. As a result of most health risk behaviours, 36.0% of students in aesthetic health
science program eating spicy food, 20.9% was constipation regularly and 19.4% of students in Thai traditional
medicine program was stress and insomnia. The students was self-care with well-being in mental health of 62.8
%. Moreover, 8.4 % was general medical examination in every year. As a Results, good health and life
satisfaction are related to a variety of health behaviours in undergraduate students of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat
University.
Key words: Health behaviors; undergraduate students; University
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Pimporn Thongmuang, College of Allied Health Science,Suansunandha

Rajabhat University 1, Uthong Nok Rd., Dusit, Dusit, Bangkok 10300 Thailand.
E-mail address:phamaice@hotmail.com
IMPACT OF LEARNING DIFFICULTIES ON MOROCCAN

STUDENTS ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT
Fatima Zahra SOUBHI*, University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, Morocco; Observatory of Research in
Didactics and University Pedagogy (ORDIPU).
Laurent LIMA, University Pierre Mendès France Grenoble 2, France
Mohammed TALBI,University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, Morocco; Observatory of Research in
Noureddine KNOUZI, University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, Morocco; Observatory of Research in
Bouzekri TOURI, University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, Morocco; Observatory of Research in Didactics
and University Pedagogy (ORDIPU).
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of hearing, voice disorder, stuttering and dyslexia on the
academic performance, the feeling of social rejection, self-confidence of hard science major students in
universities in Morocco.
229 students belonging to the University Hassan II Mohammedia –Casablanca representing a biology college
and an engineering school participated in the survey. The average age of students is 22 years and suffers no
physical or mental disability.
Our results indicate that these disorders are related to low self-confidence, developed the feeling of social
rejection and this considered major difficulties for success in studies. The majority of students say that they
encountered difficulties to continue their studies, which suggests that the disorder leads to a form of academic
failure.
Key words: Communication disorder, learning difficulties, academic performance, self- confidence
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Fatima Zahra SOUBHI, University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca,

Morocco; Observatory of Research in Didactics and University Pedagogy (ORDIPU).
E-mail address:fsoubhi@gmail.com
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Health behaviours of undergraduate students in Suan
Sunandha Rajabhat University
Pimporn Thongmuang, College of Allied Health Science,Suansunandha Rajabhat University 1, Uthong Nok Rd.,
Dusit, Dusit, Bangkok 10300 Thailand
Kowit Suwannahong, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Western University, Kanchanaburi
71170, Thailand
Abstract
The purpose of this research is study of relationship between a varieties of health behaviours of undergraduate
students in the College of Allied Health Science, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Thailand. The students of
Health Science Program, Aesthetic Health Science Program, Public Health Program and Thai Traditional
Medicine Program were represented the sample group in this research. Undergraduate students (N=562)
enrolled in second semester, 2014. Male students and female students were 87.5 % and 12.5 %, respectively.
The research tool for data collection was the checklist with 0.807 reliability index. The interpreting of results
was calculated by statistical analysis. The results found that the most average of healthy behaviours in
students was brushing teeth after wake up and before sleep 85.6% .Moreover, less healthy behaviours was
exercise regularly at 3.6%. As a result of most health risk behaviours, 36.0% of students in aesthetic health
science program eating spicy food, 20.9% was constipation regularly and 19.4% of students in Thai traditional
medicine program was stress and insomnia. The students was self-care with well-being in mental health of 62.8
%. Moreover, 8.4 % was general medical examination in every year. As a Results, good health and life
satisfaction are related to a variety of health behaviours in undergraduate students of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat
University.
Key words: Health behaviors; undergraduate students; University
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Pimporn Thongmuang, College of Allied Health Science,Suansunandha

Rajabhat University 1, Uthong Nok Rd., Dusit, Dusit, Bangkok 10300 Thailand.
E-mail address:phamaice@hotmail.com
Factors Influencing Total Quality Management
Niyom Suwandej*, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand.
Abstract
The purpose of this study were to investigate the factors influencing total quality management modeling for a
sub- district municipality, and to create a suitable total quality management model for a sub- district
municipality. This research utilized a qualitative method by use of in-depth interviews. The respondents were
30 leaders from the sub- district municipality offices. Seven factors were used in the measurement, which
included [i] leadership; [ii] training; [iii] organizational structure; [iv] communication; [v] incentives; [vi]
measurements and evaluation; and [vii] teamwork. The demographic findings revealed male respondents as
the majority who had an average age between 40- 49 years, and had between 6- 10 years of working
experience. The findings on the significant factors for modeling the total quality management for a sub- district
municipality explained that successful public organizations required leaders who possess the seven factors,
whereas management of strong teamwork, appropriate trainings, incentives and evaluation, and effective
communication contributed to public organizational success.
Key words: Factors; Leader; Total Quality Management;
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Niyom Suwandej, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand.
E-mail address:niyom.su@ssru.ac.th
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A re-research about usage of mobile devices in accounting
lessons
Filiz Angay Kutluk*, Akdeniz University, Ayşe Sak School of Applied Sciences, Poyraz Sok. No:55, Yeşilbayır,
Döşemealtı, 07190 Antalya, Turkey
Adnan Dönmez, Akdeniz University, Faculty Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Business
Management, Antalya, Turkey
Mustafa Gülmez, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Tourism, Dumlupınar Bulvarı, Kampus, 07058 Antalya, Turkey
Mustafa Terzioğlu, Akdeniz University, Korkuteli Vocational School, korkuteli, Antalya, Turkey
Abstract
The aim of the study is to determine the usage of mobile devices in accounting lessons in today’s rich mobile
variety environment and compare the results with the previous which was done two years ago to determine
the mobile learning perspectives of university students who have accounting lessons. Data is collected by face
to face meeting of 4th class students who have had 2 or more accounting lessons at some programs in Akdeniz
University. Convenience sampling method of non-random sampling methods is used. Frequencies of
demographic questions and means and standard deviations for statements are performed. Mann Whiney U
tests and Kruskal Wallis tests are performed whether there are significant differences in students’ perspectives
on mobile learning. Students think that using mobile devices for learning purposes would be easy a reliable
service and an easy content to navigate are important for mobile learning to be effective. It can be said that
students are adopting mobile devices for learning purposes
Key words: Mobile learning, accounting
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Filiz Angay Kutluk, Akdeniz University, Ayşe Sak School of Applied Sciences,
Poyraz Sok. No:55, Yeşilbayır, Döşemealtı, 07190 Antalya, Turkey.
E-mail address:angay@akdeniz.edu.tr
Effects of static and PNF stretching exercises on the kinetics

and kinematics of hip male students
Mohammad Sajadian* , Islamic Azad University Shushtar branch
Masoumeh khorshidi mehr,Islamic Azad University, Shooshtar Branch, Iran
Lena motallebi, Islamic Azad University, Shooshtar Branch, Iran
Mohammadreza Dostan, Shahid Chamran Ahvaz University, Iran
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of PNF and static stretch training on kinematics
and kinetics of hip joint in students.
Materials and Methods: The instrument used in this study includes scales scorpion, medical stadiometer, timer
(stopwatch) Model Digital Fox 40, a goniometer (angle gauge) plastic models and force gauge to measure the
strength of the hamstring muscles. The subjects of the study, students participating in physical education
classes, Islamic Azad University Branch (n = 33) formed.
Results: Our results showed that PNF exercises and static exercises on the kinematic (flexibility) of the hip joint
are affected. While only the PNF exercises (strength) is affected on kinematics of hip muscles.
Conclusion: These results can show further effects of PNF stretching exercises and we recommend to use this
type of exercise.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Mohammad Sajadian, Islamic Azad University Shushtar branch.

E-mail address:M.sajadian86@gmail.com
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Junior high school students’ perceptions of service learning
for admission to high school
Tsung-Ming Liu*, Department of International and Comparative Education, National Chi Nan University, Da Xue
Road, Puli 54561, Nantao, Taiwan
Abstract
The Twelve-Year Basic Education Program in Taiwan tries to shift the test-centered pedagogy to a more
holistic-education one by including service learning in the ‘excess application sequencing score’ which
determine students’ order to be recruited by high schools. The purpose of the study is to find out how students
perceive service learning in this new policy. Six ninth graders from a complete high school were interviewed
with six questions in the study. Though students were pushed to do their service learning, the results show
they did learn something and even enjoy their service experiences, which preliminarily indicates that effort to
implement this new policy is worthwhile. Related recommendations are proposed for the government, schools,
teachers, and parents. Further studies are necessary to evaluate this new policy by data from more
comprehensive sources.
Key words: Service learning; Twelve-Year Basic Education Program; students’ perceptions
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Tsung-Ming Liu, Department of International and Comparative Education,

National Chi Nan University, Da Xue Road, Puli 54561, Nantao, Taiwan.
E-mail address:s101402901@ncnu.edu.tw
Educational System for Children in Need from Romania- in

the Communist Period and Nowadays
Cristina-Maria Povian*, Polytechnic University from Timisoara, Faculty of Architecture , Traian Lalescu Street,
No 2/A, Timișoara 300223, Romania.
Cristian Dumitrescu, Polytechnic University from Timisoara, Faculty of Architecture , Traian Lalescu Street, No
2/A, Timișoara 300223, Romania.
Abstract
Throughout the time a special attention was given to children, especially to the children in need. In Romania
during the transition from the comunist period, a lot of changes occured in the social system and even more
were made during the process of adherence to European Union. The changes in the social system involved
changes in the architectural programs and in the educational system. Romania had a real problem with the
children in need and even if important changes were made, the street children and children from poor families
are still an important issue in nowadays. More than 25,5% of Romanian children are living in poverty, the
percentage is the highest of all 35 countries member of European Union, and in 2011 in Romania there were
400 172 children aged between 3 to 17 not attending any form of education. Because of the economical world
crises and poverty, in Romania there are lots of poor families and a new category of children in need appeared-
the situation of children remaining at home deprived of parental affection because the situation of families
migration to work abroad. As a result of the changes made in the social system and the appearance of new
categories of problems and children in need, new educational programs were created in order to fulfill the
child’s needs. This change requires new principles in the process of designing for this category of children. The
aim of this article is to analyze the evolution of children in need, from Romania, and the development, the
results, and the issues of the educational and architectural programs dedicated to them, in the last 50 years,
enunciating new directions specific to the current situation.
Key words: social system, communism, orphanage, children in need, educational system, architecture.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Cristina-Maria Povian, Polytechnic University from Timisoara, Faculty of

Architecture , Traian Lalescu Street, No 2/A, Timișoara 300223, Romania.
E-mail address:cristina.povian@yahoo.com
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Children in Need in a Globalized World
Cristina-Maria Povian * , Polytechnic University from Timisoara, Faculty of Architecture , Traian Lalescu Street,
No 2/A, Timișoara 300223, Romania.
Abstract
Nowadays, the concept of globalization is well known and connected with many fields. Many global efforts
were made in order to improve the life of children from all around the globe but unfortunately the problem of
children living or working on the streets it’s far for being solved, the children in need are still a significant
problem for many undeveloped countries and even for Romania. The aim of this article is to analyze the
situation of children in need from Romania in the context of the grand reforms made after the revolution from
1989 and the impact of the globalization on the social system. In the end, some conclusions and solutions are
proposed in order to elaborate a global strategy, from an economical, educational, social, psychological and
architectural point of view in order to improve the quality of life and education for this category of children.
Key words: social system, communism, orphanage, children in need, educational system, architecture
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Cristina-Maria Povian, Polytechnic University from Timisoara, Faculty of

Architecture , Traian Lalescu Street, No 2/A, Timișoara 300223, Romania.
E-mail address:cristina.povian@yahoo.com
Predicting junk food consumption by extending the theory

of planned behavior: the role of descriptive norms
Aref Faghih, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mahnaz Solhi*, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abolghasem Jajayeri, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
DavoodShojaei zadeh, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abbas Rahimi, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Teimoor Aghamolaei, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Background and objective: Unhealthy food choice especially in younger people could lead to diverse chorionic
disease and morbidity in the adulthood. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of theory planned
behavior (TPB), extended by descriptive norm, to predict intention and consumption of junk foods in a group of
Iranians adolescents.
Methods: 271 boys high schools (between 15-18 years) students randomly selected and participated in the
study. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis were performed to test the predictive power of the classic TPB
and extended TPB by descriptive norm.
Results: The results showed the TPB predecessors explained the 22.5% of variance in intention to consume junk
food and after adding the descriptive norm; variance increased 12/5 % and arrived to 35%. Descriptive norm
(β=.38, p<.01) and attitude (β=.29, p<.01) was the strongest predictor of intention in the extended model. Also
the TPB and extended model explained the 9% and 14% of variance in behavior respectively. Attitude (β=.27,
p<.01) and PBC (β=.18, p<.01) was significant predictor of behavior.
Conclusion: Intervention designed to reduce unhealthy nutritional behavior for adolescents, should specific
attention pay to the adolescent’s perception of important people nutrition behavior, their attitude to use this
foods and perceived control for refrain junk foods consumption.
Key words: Junk food consumption, theory of planned behavior, high schools boys, descriptive norms
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Aref Faghih, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Iran. E-mail address:aref_faghih@yahoo.co
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The Influence of VictorianDolls on Costumes of
YoungPrincess Daughters of KingChulalongkorn
Jaruphan Supprung*, Lecturer, Fashion Design, Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts at Suan Sunandha Rajabhat
University, Dusit District, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
Abstract
The aim of this research is to study the influence of Victorian dolls on the costumes of young princess
daughters of King Chulalongkorn (King Rama V of Chakri Dynasty in Kingdom of Siam, present-day Kingdom of
Thailand, in South East Asia. This documentary research makes use of qualitative research method from the
only 35 photos of young princess daughters of King Chulalongkornpreserved in the National Archives and the
National Library of Thailand. The findings review that all of their westernized costumes are influenced by the
dresses of Victorian dolls. Their dresses in 16 old photos (45.71 percent) are very similar to Victorian doll
dresses. Beside, their blouses in 19 photos (54.29 percent) are influenced by bodice dresses of Victorian dolls
which the blouses in 18 photos are modified to wear with Jong Kraben (the traditional loincloth), and the
blouse in the only one photo is modified to wear with Phanung (the traditional tube skirt).
Key words: Influence, Victorian doll, Costume, Young princess daughter
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Jaruphan Supprung, Lecturer, Fashion Design, Faculty of Fine and Applied
Arts at Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Dusit District, Bangkok 10300, Thailand.
E-mail address:jaruphan.su@ssru.ac.th
How to improve relation between industry and university in

engineering sciences
Shahin Alavıtalab*, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran polytechnic) Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
“If university and industry are able to find useful cooperation there is hardly any problem that could not be
solved,” said Alfred P. Sloan Jr. This paper deals with the design of a special structured study program that
leads to the implementation of this wise sentence. In spite of the fact that university and industry have
different missions, they need each other because their cooperation is very prosperous for both. Prosperous
cooperation needs to introduce a system in a study program to overcome existing barriers because human
initiative acts only in certain cases and for a short time. The special tool could be a module in a study program
that is based on the participation of both sides – academic and practice, science and application. One example
of this is the POP Study (Project Oriented Program). Students are educated on a project based in reality to get
to know the endless depth of knowledge in scientific disciplines as well as the width of tasks in implementation
periods. The POP Study could be realized as a POP module inserted in existing study programs.
Key words: POP study, general barriers, college,company, project.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Shahin Alavıtalab, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran

polytechnic) Tehran, Iran. E-mail address:shahin_alavi@aut.ac.ir
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Antecedents of Work life Balance: A comparative study of
women employees working in Public and Private sector
banks in North India
Upasna Joshi Sethi * , Punjabi University, Patiala, India
Abstract
The present study aims at investigating the factors affecting work life balance of women employees working in
public and private sector banks. A field based survey is conducted to collect quantitative data from 500 female
bank employees working in Public and Private Sector banks of North India. The data is collected by
questionnaire that consisted of general questions to comparatively analyze the demographics of the employees
of Public and private sectors. Standardized ratio scale by Udai Pareek is used to extract the factors supporting
work life balance. Factor analysis have been used to analyze the data to extract the various factor affecting
work life balance of the women employees working in Public and Private Sector banks. The result shows that
ten factors have been extracted affecting work life balance of women employees in Public and private sector
which are further categorized as supporting and hindering factors. Public sector employees show better work
life balance than private sector respondents.
Key words: Work life balance, Women employees, Banking, Public Sector, Private Sector
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Upasna Joshi Sethi, Punjabi University, Patiala, India.

E-mail address:upasna_sethi @yahoo.com
The language of methodology in philosophy of education

research
Moeketsi Letseka * , University of South Africa.
Abstract
This paper debates the notions of ‘research design and ‘researchmethodology’ in philosophy of education. It
juxtaposes‘methodology-as-technique’ and ‘methodology-as-philosophy’. On the one hand‘methodology-as-
technique’, which is the dominant paradigm in mathematics and thehard sciences, conceives of research in
terms of laboratory experiments, clinicaltrials and statistical quantification. On the other hand ‘methodology-
as-philosophy’raises fundamental questions about thevery pursuit of social and educational research and
challenges the goal ofknowledge, the ideal of truth and the possibility of objectivity. It highlights the role of
philosophical assumptions inresearch, recognises the role of values, and draws the attention of
educationalresearchers to the logical grammar of the various value-laden concepts that canset the framework
for their research. The paper raises a critical questionwhether it is necessary condition for philosophers of
education to state theirresearch methodology in their conduct of research given that the very actof
philosophising is itself a method bywhich philosophers debate ideas and articulate their positions.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Moeketsi Letseka, University of South Africa.

E-mail address: letsem@unisa.ac.za
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Development of the Investigation for Suppression Narcotics
in Community
Pol.Lt.Gen.Narong Kulnides* , Suan Sunandha University, 1 U Thong Nok Road, Dusit, Bangkok, Thailand.
Abstract
The research Development of the Investigation for Suppression Narcotics in Community use mixed research
approaches methodology between qualitative methodology and quantitative methodology. Objective for
development of the investigation for Suppression Narcotics in Community qualitative methodology by In-depth
interview key informants 23 persons and quantitative methodology by questionnaire was randomly collected
from 3 communities is Thaninthorn Community, Masjid Ban Somdej Community and Wadsangkrajai
Community is 200 Samples per one community was analyzed and evaluated by statistical packaged statistical
for analysis data is mean and standard deviation
The research results were as follows:
1. The main poin0t for model of narcotics investigation is use emissary and collection of evidence complete
before arrest offender and must carefully for safely emissary.
2. Satisfaction of population to development narcotic investigation model in 3 communities is middle Level
satisfaction not different.
3. Effectiveness of manual for narcotic investigation use in 3 communities is middle level not different
Key words: Development; Investigation Model; Suppression Narcotics
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Pol.Lt.Gen.Narong Kulnides, Suan Sunandha University, 1 U Thong Nok

Road, Dusit, Bangkok, Thailand. E-mail address:narong.kulnides@gmail.com
The Relationship Between 7th and 8th Grade Students' Conceptual

Learning and Mathematics Self-efficacy Levels of Subject of
“Algebraic Expressions and Equations”
Sare Şengül*, Marmara University, Atatürk Education Faculty, İstanbul, Turkey
Yasemin Katranci, Kocaeli University, Education Faculty, Kocaeli 41380, Turkey
Yusuf Aydin, İstanbul Commerce University, Science Faculty, İstanbul, Turkey
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to determine the correlation between 7th and 8th grade students’ conceptual
learning and mathematics self-efficacy in ‘Algebraic Expressions and Equations’ subject. The study was carried
out in a public school on the Anatolian side of the city of Istanbul in 2011-2012 academic years. The study was
conducted with 97 students in total and 47 of them are 8th grade and 50 of them are 7th grade students. The
research model of the study is screening model. The data of the study was collected through ‘Conceptual
Understanding Test regarding Algebraic Expressions and Equations [CUTAEE]’ and ‘Self-efficacy Perceptions
towards Mathematics Scale [SPMS]’. The data of the study was analyzed by using qualitative and quantitative
methods. Frequency (f) and percentages (%) were used as for quantitative methods. The data obtained through
CUTAEE was evaluated with content analysis. According to the obtained findings, it was determined that there
was a significant and positive correlation between the mathematics self-efficacy levels of the students and the
concepts regarding ‘Algebraic Expressions and Equations’ subject of the 7th and 8th grade students. Besides,
while a significant difference was found in favour of 8th grade students in terms of students’ conceptual
understanding, there was not a significant difference between the mathematics self-efficacy levels of the 8th
students. In terms of genders, it was determined that there was a positive and significant correlation in favour
of male students between both mathematics self-efficacy and conceptual understanding levels of 7th and 8th
grade students. The suggestions were made in accordance with the obtained findings.
Key words: conceptual learning, mathematics self-efficacy, algebraic expressions, equations
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sare Şengül, Marmara University, Atatürk Education Faculty, İstanbul,
Turkey. E-mail address:yasemin.katranci@kocaeli.edu.tr
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Analysis and training of the required abilities and skills in
translation in the light of translation models and general
theories of translation studies
Fadime Çoban * , University of Sakarya, Department of Translation Studies, Sakarya, 54187,Turkey
Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine abilities and skills that a translator needs to develop in the light of general
translation theories and models. Translation contains different mental activities such as language, thinking,
problem solving, memory, conceptualization, learning, information processing, perception, understanding, re-
expression etc., which makes translation a complex phenomenon. Translator is not a passive element but an
expert, who senses, processes the stimuli, signifies, and produces meanings again in another language. In order
to make these entire operations a translator should equip herself/ himself with translation skills and abilities.
Considering within this context, the topic of skills and abilities translators need to acquire was discussed in the
light of the translation competence models created by the PACTE group and Göpferich and general translation
theories. It was found out that there are so many different skills (e.g. the National Job Qualifications Authority
defined 42 skills for translators) to be acquired which differ in text types, medium, code and field and also new
developments in the technology brings with it new required skills to be acquired. Thus the departments of
Translation Studies should take these new skills into consideration in the translator training and accordingly
plan their academic programs as the world is always changing and so does the translation environment.
Key words: Translation Teaching, Text Types,Philosophical Texts, Translation of Texts in Areas of Specialization
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Fadime Çoban , University of Sakarya, Department of Translation Studies,

Sakarya, 54187,Turkey. E-mail address:fcoban@sakarya.edu.tr
THE STATE OF IN-SERVICE TRAINING OF TEACHERS AND TEACHER

TRAINING IN NATIONAL EDUCATION COUNCILS
Özge TARHAN* , Pamukkale University, Faculty of Education, Education, Department of Social Studies, Denizli-
Turkey.
Abstract
The most important factor in fulfilling the values of the society expected from education is the teacher.
However, it is evident that, from past to present, the criteria introduced and implemented in teacher training
are often complex, contradictory and insufficient although the process of teacher training is a key process for
the quality of teaching in schools (Ataç , 2008: 8). Thus, in the National Education Councils, all components of
the teacher training system must be evaluated in a constant questioning process and need to be improved
continuously to train qualified teachers. This study addressed the following research question: What is the
status of in¬-service training of teachers and teacher training in the National Educational Councils held so far?
The population of this study was 18 National Educational Councils held between 1939 and 2010. A survey was
used to determine this status and document analysis techniques were used to analyse the data gathered
through the survey. Considering the agenda of the 18 National Educational Councils held from 1939 to present,
the topic “Teacher Training” was mentioned in the seventh, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, seventeenth, and
eighteenth councils. When the National Education Councils held from 1939 up to 2010 were analysed, focusing
on the decisions related to the in-service training of teachers and teacher training, and the opinions expressed,
the topic “in-service training of teachers and teacher training” was mentioned in six councils. The information
obtained on the subject was presented in tables and interpreted.
Key words: Teacher, Teacher Training, National Education Councils
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Özge Tarhan, Pamukkale University, Faculty of Education, Education,

Department of Social Studies, Denizli-Turkey. E-mail address:ocinar@pau.edu.tr
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Community Participation to Solve Illegal Drugs Problems
Supranee Wattanasin, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand
Abstract
This research paper was aimed to examine the level of community participation to solve illegal drug problems
and to promote the model of community participation for local drug problems. This was a qualitative research
which utilized mainly the focus group technique. The area and the population of this study included all the
local people in Sawadwarisemi Temple community. Based on 15 people, the focus group were five of experts in
the field of illegal drug problems and another 10 people from the elderly of the community. The findings
revealed that that the community had been suffered with illegal drug problems for many decades and in the
stage of healing both physical environment and economic environment. The findings also showed that the
strength of the community could both prevent and deter illegal drug problems effectively.
Key words: Community; Illegal Drugs; Participation
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Supranee Wattanasin, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok

Thailand. E-mail address:supranee.wa@ssru.ac.th
Evaluation of the place and the role of manipulation in

classroom practices in the teaching of Earth Sciences in
Moroccan high schools
A.SAYAD*, Department of Life & Earth Sciences, Geosciences Educational Team, Regional Centre of Education
and training professions, (CRMEF), P O. A49, street of Kuwait, Fez 30000, Morocco
L. ZROUQI, Department of Life & Earth Sciences, Geosciences Educational Team, Regional Centre of Education
H. BOUALI, Department of Life & Earth Sciences, Geosciences Educational Team, Regional Centre of Education
Z. CHIHAB, Department of Life & Earth Sciences, Geosciences Educational Team, Regional Centre of Education
M. KORCHI, Department of Life & Earth Sciences, Geosciences Educational Team, Regional Centre of Education
Abstract
In the present work we are interested in the assessment of the place and the role of manipulation in classroom
practices in the teaching/learning process of Earth Sciences in Moroccan high schools. In this study, the
questionnaire has been used as a tool of research. Therefore, two different questionnaires have been
administered to both teachers and students in a few high schools in the city of Fez (Morocco). Then, an
evaluation of the role and the place of the manipulation in the learning of the Sciences of Earth have been
carried out. The results of these questionnaires have allowed focusing on the crucial role, according to
teachers, that manipulation and field trip can play in practice in class (cartography, petrography, sedimentology
...) and in the acquisition/learning of Earth Sciences in high school programs. Moreover, our study revealed a
disappointment on the part of students regarding classroom practice and field trip which are lacking.
Key words: Teaching/learning, Earth Sciences, manipulation, field trip, high school, Fez
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:A.SAYAD, Department of Life & Earth Sciences, Geosciences Educational
Team, Regional Centre of Education and training professions, (CRMEF), P O. A49, street of Kuwait, Fez 30000,
Morocco. E-mail address:ah.sayad@gmail.com
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The Participation of Surface Water Quality Management in
the Suan Luang Sub Municipality, Amphawa district, Samut
Songkhram
Sivapan Choo-In* , SuanSunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand
Abstract
The participation of the surface water quality management of in the Suan Luang municipality Amphawa , Samut
Songkhram province. The objective of this research was to study the level of participation in the surface water
quality management, and analyze the consistency between the level of participation of the the water quality
index. The samples were collected for all 15 villages, 315 households, the result found that the Level of
participation in the surface water quality management in the overall and at a low level. The results of water
quality degradation in the water quality index found that the water quality assessment of the 15 villages in the
area of water quality degradation. And analysis of the consistency between the level of participation of the
people with the water quality index. The village is consistency between the level of participation with an index
of water quality including Moo 2 Baan Laem Luang, Moo 3, Ban Rong, Moo 5, Baan Klong Jum Puk, Moo 6, Ban
Pak Khlong Suan Luang, Moo 8 Ban Wat Klong condemnations. 1 Moo 11 , Ban Khlong Cham Pa 1, Moo 12 , Ban
Khlong Pracha Chomchuen 2, Moo 13, Ban Kung Cham pee, Moo 14 Ban Wat Woraphoome, and Moo 15 Ban Sam
Yeak Klong Bang Li . the village that no consensus between the level of participation with an index of water
quality , including Moo 1 Laem Songuan Luang 1, Moo 4, Ban Tao Poon, Moo 7 Klong Phong phang, Moo 9 Baan
Klong Cham Pee, and Moo 10, Ban Wat Klong Kung 2.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sivapan Choo-In, SuanSunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand.

E-mail address:c.sivapan@gmail.com
Learning Activities that Promote Ability the Proof Groups

using the Internet Network
Komon Paisal *, Informatics Mathematics,Suan Sunandha Rajabha University, Bangkok 11000,Thailand
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to compare achievement of proof this group with criteria and study of student
attitudes toward learning activities using the internet network. The sample is the students who enrolled in the
abstract algebra over the academic year 2557, 61 people. The instruments used in research include this plan
learning activities using the internet network, achievement tests to prove this group which is subjective
confidence 0.82 and the attitude toward plan learning activities using the internet network. The results show
that :
1. Students in the learning activities using the internet network to have achievement equal to 70 percent.
2. Students in the learning activities using the internet network to have attitude towards learning activities
in the good level
Key words: Learning Activities; Ability the Proof; Internet Network
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Komon Paisal, Informatics Mathematics,Suan Sunandha Rajabha

University, Bangkok 11000,Thailand. E-mail address:komon14@yahoo.com
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Social competence of aesthetic education of sport industry
managers: fundamentality and innovation synergies
Biruta Svagzdiene, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto str. 6, Kaunas, LT-44221, Lithuania
Edmundas Jasinskas, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto str. 6, Kaunas, LT-44221, Lithuania
Arturas Simanavicius, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto str. 6, Kaunas, LT-44221, Lithuania
Kristina Bradauskiene, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto str. 6, Kaunas, LT-44221, Lithuania
Jolita Vveinhardt, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio str. 58, Kaunas, LT-44248, Lithuania
Abstract
This article is intended to support social competence aesthetic education of sports industry managers’
relevance and controversy in the context of the globalization challenges. Based on past and contemporary
philosophers and educators point of view, discusses the role of aesthetic education in personality development
process. Actualized approach to the sports industry managers’ aesthetic education social competence science.
In the discourse context of the fundamentality and innovation, analyzed the essential ideas of aesthetic
education related to certain sports industry managers' social competencies in education process, the role of
structural components and specific definitions. Social competence - the behavior and its forms, which the
student must be mastered in order to participate in social life, to adapt to different social contexts /
requirements (university, family, society), and efficient and constructive resolution of conflicts. By stimulating
social competence, students respect and tolerate different cultural, social and age groups, both genders, are
aware of their and others rights and obligations, see themselves as a member of community and society. The
expressed opinions justify the relevance of the topic, because managers are in direct contact with service users
and highlighting the fact that in Lithuania there is not found scientific articles analyzing tourism and sport
managers aesthetic education, therefore this study reinforces the relevance of the topic. There is a
fundamental problem question – are graduates coming to businesses aesthetically educated? How social
competence - the behavior and its forms, which the students must be mastered in order to participate in the
life of an enterprise, to adapt to different social contexts, and able to resolve conflicts effectively and
constructively. Knowing the answers to these questions, training in educational institution can help to ensure
the proper future development of sport manager’s social competence education that enables them to enter
the labor market? In order to answer problematic question, the assumption raised that in the university studies
in tourism and sport management, social competence is necessary.
Key words: Aesthetics, education, managers, social competence
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Biruta Svagzdiene, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto str. 6, Kaunas, LT-
44221, Lithuania. E-mail address:biruta.svagzdiene@lsu.lt
Project-Based Learning at University: Teaching Experiences of
Lecturers
Jolanta Lasauskienė*, Faculty of Education, Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, Studentų St. 39, LT-
08106 Vilnius, Lithuania
Asta Rauduvaitė, Faculty of Education, Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, Studentų St. 39, LT-
Abstract
One of the methods, which directs pedagogical technologies towards interactive learning, embraces
preparation and presentation of projects. The contribution of project-based learning to (self-)development of
learners’ general and subject competencies has been widely acknowledged. However, seeking to develop
student’s (as future teacher’s of music) competency of project activities, it is necessary to apply strategies and
methods of project-based learning as one of the most essential means of (self-)education in higher education
institutions. The article presents the attitude of lecturers from Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences
towards problems and possibilities of application of paradigm of project-based learning in the process of music
education studies.
Key words: Project-based learning, study strategy, music education studies, lecturer
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Jolanta Lasauskienė, Faculty of Education, Lithuanian University of

Educational Sciences, Studentų St. 39, LT-08106 Vilnius, Lithuania.
E-mail address:jolanta.lasauskiene@leu.lt
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Music Education: Some Aspects of Pedagogical Efficiency of
Popular Music Integration
Asta Rauduvaitė*, Faculty of Education, Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, Studentų St. 39. LT-
Jolanta Lasauskienė, Faculty of Education, Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, Studentų St. 39. LT-
Abstract
Challenges of changing society presuppose the situation of music education, which requires a closer interaction
between music culture and education that encourages learners to remain in contact with music environment
approximate to school learners, to employ possibilities provided by popular music to expand exposure to music
education and personality becoming. The article discusses opportunities of music education improvement
integrating popular music and using innovative methods of personal meaning and emotional imitation in the
context of theories of pedagogical thought. On the basis of the research results, the links of school learners’
musicals activities and formation of value-based attitudes as well as opportunities of improvement in
contemporary school are discussed.
Key words: Innovative music education methods, popular music, value-based principles;
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Asta Rauduvaitė, Faculty of Education, Lithuanian University of Educational

Sciences, Studentų St. 39. LT-08106 Vilnius, Lithuania. E-mail address: asta.rauduvaite@leu.lt
Antiproliferative effects of lung cancer cell line and

antioxidant from Macluraxanthone from Garcinia speciosa
Wall
Chanyapat Sangsuwona*, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajabhat
Suansunandha University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Weena Jiratchariyakul, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok,
Thailand.
Abstract
Garcinia speciosa Wall.isGuttiferae family, Thai medicinal plant used as remedies for healing skin infections and
wounds, a laxative (bark), inflammation, astringent (leaves) agents, diarrhoea(fruits) and antibacterial.This plants is a
rich source of oxygenated xanthones, some of which have antitumorpromotive activity. Dried leaves and twigs of G.
speciosa extracted with ethanol and chromatography with Diaion HP20 column by H2O, methanol and ethylacetate
gave 3 fractions (FFI-FFIII). FFI FFII and FFIII were tested by cytotoxic against tothe lung cancer cell line (A 549) gave
ED50 values of 75, 45 and 62 µg/ml, repectively. Hence, this study kept on the FFII to identify cytotoxic compounds. FFII
was fractionated by silica gel column, solvent system of ethylacetate-hexane (7:3) gave macluraxanthone was major
compound. Structure elucidated by 1H, 13C and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The antioxidant of Macluraxanthone by
DPPH showed IC50 was 7.65 µg/ml and the cytotoxic test of lung cancer cell line (A 549) gave ED50 values 15.38
µg/ml.
Key words: Garcinia speciosa; antiproliferative effect; lung cancer cell line; macluraxanthone; Diaion HP20
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Chanyapat Sangsuwona, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and

Technology, Rajabhat Suansunandha University, Bangkok, Thailand.
E-mail address:rsangsuwon@yahoo.com
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Correlations of emotional distress and anxiety with regards
to athletes of 11-15 years in perceptual-motor sports
Emilia Florina Grosu*, Individual Sports,Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Babes - Bolyai University,
Romania
Vlad Teodor Grosu, Mechanical Faculty, Technical University Cluj - Napoca, Romania.
Manolis Emmanouilidis, School Department, Athens University, Pedagogy, Greece
Dan Monea, Sportiv Games Department, Babes - Bolyai University, Romania, Faculty of Physical Education and
Sport, Cluj - Napoca
Abstract
Problem Statement: tests were applied on athletes aged between 11 ± 5 and 15 ± 3. The group of athletes are
part of the Romanian Olympic Judo team and ski groups of sports clubs in Gheorgheni (HR), Baia-Sprie (MM),
Topliţa (HR), Sibiu (SB) and Petrosani (HD). Purpose of Study: through this study, we analyse the correlations
between the three psychological processes: emotional distress, attention and anxiety. Methods: The methods
we have applied contain the following tests: AM – concentration and attention, AD – distributive attention, AP
– perceptive attention, EMAS – emotional distress, PDE – anxiety. These were the initial tests we have used as
starting points in our research. The purpose was to increase the sports performance through the application of
mental training techniques. Findings and Results: to compare the scores / ranks on cognitive tests applied to
the two groups of athletes, we have used nonparametric Mann-Whitney test (U) for unpaired samples.
Materiality was α = 0.05 (5%), α = 0.01 (1%) or α = 0.001. To detect the correlation between two quantitative
variables, we continued by using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient of (ρ). The analysis of correlation
between coefficients was performed using Colton’s rule. Polynomial regression was the method used to derive
the mathematical equation of dependence of a continuous variable by another variable. Conclusions and
Recommendations: The comparative analysis of the cognitive test scores applied on studied groups with
statistical significance revealed positive correlations; except for the group ski EMAS, where the test values were
negative.
Key words: alpine ski, athletes, emotional distress, anxiety, attention
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Emilia Florina Grosu, Individual Sports, Faculty of Physical Education and
Sport, Babes - Bolyai University, Romania. E-mail address:emiliaflorina.grosu@gmail.com
Marketing Mix and Purchasing Behavior for Community Products at

Traditional Markets
Kevin Wongleedee* , Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand.
Abstract
This research involved [i] discovering the differences of purchasing behavior of consumers at traditional
markets in Bangkok by gender, age, marital status, educational level, occupation and monthly income; [ii]
investigating a correlation between marketing mix determinants and consumers’ purchasing behavior; [iii]
investigating a correlation between product mix determinants and consumers’ purchasing behavior; and [iv]
examining a correlation between consumers’ purchasing behavior and their likelihood of future purchasing.
The goal was an attempt to identify the marketing mix of Bangkok traditional markets that determined the
purchasing behavior of consumers. A total of 400 samples were selected from the population of consumers
who visited and shopped at traditional markets, Bangkok. The findings provided more understanding of
viewpoints towards the community marketing mix determinants on consumers’ purchasing behavior. The
findings revealed a significant correlation between the consumers’ attitudes towards the marketing mix
determinants of price, sellers and place and buying behavior in terms of the buying frequency. Moreover,
higher purchasing frequency level also determined the likelihood of revisiting to shop at traditional markets,
recommending others and more frequent shopping in case of receiving a higher income.
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Key words: Consumer Purchaing Behavior; Determinants; Marketing Mix; Traditional Market
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Kevin Wongleede , Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand.
E-mail address:kevin.wo@ssru.ac.th
The Importance of the Basic Philosophy Teaching within the

Framework of the Translation of Philosophical Texts in
Academic Translation Teaching
Serhat ARSLAN* , University of Sakarya, Department of Translation Studies, Sakarya, 54187, Turkey
Abstract
The objective of this study is to prove that the basic philosophy teaching on an academic level is compulsory in
translation and interpretation departments by taking into account the challenges encountered in the
translation of philosophical texts and besides the ways to solving them. At the end of their training, students in
translation and interpretation departments cannot be expected to translate or interpret every sort of texts
owing to the fact that the translation of every text requires specialized knowledge in different fields.
Considering that the undergraduate may not gain an opportunity to be specialized at every field, it is
sometimes impossible for him or her to understand the source text wholly and translate it to the target culture.
As a natural consequence of what he/she has learnt during his/her training, the translator may compensate
his/her lack of knowledge in ordinary texts with finding suitable equivalents in each culture. In other words, the
translator can further develop his/her skills in the translation of ordinary texts after she/he has graduated from
the department. However, in the translation of text types such philosophical ones encompassing an important
part of a culture, both internalization and questioning are required other than finding accurate equivalents in
source and target texts. This can only be achieved if students take the basic philosophy education. The fact that
each course in translation and interpretation departments is offered by a different field specialist and the
philosophy is regarded as an area of specialization make easily understanding of translation challenges
encountered particularly in the translation of philosophical texts possible.
Key words: Translation Teaching, Text Types,Philosophical Texts, Translation of Texts in Areas of Specialization
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Serhat ARSLAN, University of Sakarya, Department of Translation Studies,

Sakarya, 54187, Turkey. E-mail address:serhata@sakarya.edu.tr
An Investigation of Safety in Tourism:

An Experience of Young Tourists in Bangkok, Thailand
Sakul Jariyachamsit* , Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand
Abstract
The purposes of this research were to investigate the vitality of five perceptions of service quality from young
international tourists who visited Bangkok, Thailand during the first quarter of 2014. The independent variables
included gender, age, levels of education, occupation, and income while the dependent variables included the
respondents’ comments and opinions on the service provided by employees in Thai tourism. A simple random
sampling method was utilized to get 400 respondents. The respondents were both male and female in the
same proportion but most were between 21-25 years old. Most were married with a undergraduate degree.
The average income of the respondents was between $10,001-15,000. The findings revealed that the majority
of respondents came to Thailand for the first time and spent up to 30 days in Thailand and preferred to travel
at least once a year. The five service perceptions by the international tourists in descending order according to
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mean were reliable employees, neat and clean employees, polite employees, competent employees and timely
employees.
Key words: Experience; Young International Tourists; Service Quality; Perceptions
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sakul Jariyachamsit, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok

Thailand. E-mail address:sakul.ja@ssru.ac.th
Meta-cognitive Aspects of Solving Indefinite Integral

Problems
Sare Şengül,Marmara University, Atatürk Education Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey

Yasemin Katrancı,Kocaeli University, Education Faculty, Kocaeli 41380, Turkey
Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze the role of meta-cognition while solving indefinite integral problems. In this
study, there are particularly three objectives to be obtained. These are; i) observe meta-cognitive behaviors of
prospective mathematics teachers while solving problems, ii) determine the importance of meta-cognition in
problem solving and iii) determine challenges, typical errors and points to be considered for solving indefinite
integral problems. The study is a qualitative research. Data collection tools are; i) Problems Form (PF) and ii)
Meta-Cognitive Skills Questionnaire (MSQ). In this context, this study was completed by 60 prospective
mathematics teachers. All prospective mathematics teachers are sophomore students at a university. Data
collection tools were filled by the prospective mathematics teachers in 50 minutes. Collected data were
analyzed descriptively. The analysis of the problem which were solved by the prospective mathematics
teachers and the examination of completed questionnaires are to provide an understanding for the meta-
cognitive aspects of solving indefinite integral problems. In conclusion, the challenges faced by prospective
mathematics teachers that are subject to recall, choose incorrect solution and not knowing where to start in
problem solving. The common mistakes are incorrect solutions and calculation errors. On the other hand, the
point that should be considered in the problem solving is to choose a strategy.
Key words: indefinite integral problems, problem solving, meta-cognition
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Yasemin Katrancı, Kocaeli University, Education Faculty, Kocaeli 41380,
Turkey. E-mail address:yasemin.katranci@kocaeli.edu.tr
The Results of Learning by Serving Society

Anchana Sooksomchitra*, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand
Abstract
The purposes of this research were to compare the students’ learning achievement before and after learning
by using Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning approach based on service learning to develop public
conscious and to identify students’ satisfaction towards learning by this method. The population of this study
was senior students of mass communication administration curriculum on radio broadcasting major in total of
29 people. The data collected from students enrolled in the course CRD4902 Special Project in Radio from
second semester in academic year 2012. The statistics used for analyzing the data were mean, standard
deviation. The findings revealed that the students’ post-test result was higher than the pre-test result with a
0.05 level of statistically significant difference. The findings also revealed that there was a high level of
students’ satisfaction method of learning. The analysis showed that the Service Learning through Computer-
Supported Collaborative Learning approach can increase students overall Public Conscious.
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Key words: Learning; Public Concious; Serving Society;
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Anchana Sooksomchitra, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok

Thailand. E-mail address:anchana.so@ssru.ac.th
The Management of Food Sanitation Standards

for Wayside Food Entrepreneurs, Bangkok
Supattra Pranee*, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand.
Abstract
The objectives of this study included: [i] to study the wayside food entrepreneurs’ perception towards Bangkok Food
Sanitation Standards and trainings; [ii] to investigate behavior of wayside food entrepreneurs in alignment with Bangkok
Food Sanitation Standards; and [iii] to explore consumers’ opinions towards influential factors in making a decision to buy
wayside foods. The findings revealed that most wayside food entrepreneurs acknowledged the authority’s food standards
examination program and perceived the program as beneficial, yet only a minority received food sanitation standards
trainings. The wayside food entrepreneurs’ behavior was in compliance with some key performance indicators of the
Bangkok Food Sanitation Standards, such as safe food handling, buying only foods materials and seasoning with Food and
Drug Administration Labeling, food covering, serving drinking water and types of beverages served to consumers. On the
consumer side, food cleanliness, food certificates and creditability were found to have an influence on their food buying
decision.
Key words: Entrepreneur; Food Sanitation Standards; Management; Wayside Food Stalls;
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Supattra Pranee, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand.
E-mail address:supattra.pr@ssru.ac.th
Improving the Quality of Art Composition

By Using Grade Three Students
Pawinee Sorawech* , Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the pre and post learning results to see the quality improving of
grade three students. This study employed both quantitative and qualitative technique. Suan Sunandha
Rajabhat University and its demonstration school were selected as the area of study. A total of 83 students
were chosen for the study. A questionnaire and an in-depth interview were utilized. The findings revealed that
student performance and quality of art work were improved with the group study and group work. Their work
of art became more creative and show more interests in art class. The Post test result showed that there is an
increase in score as well as the improvement in students’ quality of art.
Key words: Improving; Quality of Art; Grade Three Students;
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Pawinee Sorawech, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand.
E-mail address:pawinee.so@ssru.ac.th
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Designing Multifunction fabric for tourists
Junjira Monnin*, Lecturer, Fashion Design, Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat
University, Bangkok,10300, Thailand
Abstract
This research aims to study, create and design the multi-purpose fabric for reflecting the beauty of image and
the way of Thai people’s life, and Thai culture through modern design of fabric pattern. In addition, this
product is also able to solve the problem on inappropriate dressing of foreign tourists who visit temples,
ancient remains or important attractions in order to facilitate the tourists and provide them impression on
travelling in Thailand. Mainly, the dressing of foreign tourists who visited Wat Phra Si Rattana Satsadaram or
Wat Phra Kaew also known as The Grand Palace was studied in order to study on inappropriate dressing. This
multi-purpose product was designed for multi-purpose utilization and it was portable and suitable for
travelling. In addition, it was also able to be developed as the commercial design in the form of souvenir for
publicizing tourism in Bangkok area.
Key words: Thai culture, Thai society, Thai identity, Tourist, The Grand Palace
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Junjira Monnin, Lecturer, Fashion Design, Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts,
Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok,10300, Thailand. E-mail address:junjira.c@gmail.com
Vitality of Safety Factors: A Case Study of Thai Airways

Passengers
Chantarat Manvichien* , Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand
Abstract
The purposes of this research were to study the vitality of safety factors. This is a case study concerning Thai
Airways passengers. This paper was a quantitative research. A total of 400 Thai Airways’ passengers were
interviewed via questionnaire. The findings revealed that respondents were male and female at a similar
proportion; the majority of respondents has a college degree, worked for private company or government, and
had age in the range of 18-34 years old. Tourism was the main decision for traveling. In addition, the findings
revealed that the majority of respondents rated high importance for three factors: The first was to have safety
card, cabin crew safety briefing, and safety demonstration VDO shown in the airplane. Second, the contents of
safety card, cabin crew safety briefing, and safety demonstration VDO show in the airplane were interesting.
Third, the contents of safety card, cabin crew safety briefing, and safety demonstration VDO show in the
airplane were easy to understand.
Key words: Decision; Passengers; Safety factors; Thai Airways;
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Chantarat Manvichien, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok

Thailand. E-mail address:Chantarat.mu@ssru.ac.th
91 | P a g e
Being a woman in the world of physics education: Female physics
student teachers’ beliefs about gender issues, in the city of
Valparaíso, Chile, from a qualitative perspective
Alicia Muriel Montecinos * , Physics Professor, M.A. in Science Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de
Valparaíso, Chile.
Elisa Gabriela Anguita, Senior Student Teacher of Physics Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de
Valparaíso
Abstract
The struggle for Women’s Rights in the context of the observation of Human Rights for Everyone is
undoubtedly fundamental, given the historical differences between genders in terms of opportunities and
expectations that have been systematically detrimental to women. Gender Equality can be understood as the
main goal of this struggle, and the benefits it would provide for societies also affect economic development,
given that by achieving this objective half the population would gain the opportunity to participate in a wide
variety of working fields to which they have been denied access for centuries. This issue is exacerbated in
certain areas, and STEM fields are among them. This research focuses on the idea that these fields have long
been a hostile environment for women, due to a series of stereotypes that have pushed them away from
engaging in STEM related activities. In particular, Chile has made significant improvements towards achieving
gender equality (for instance, the democratic election of Michelle Bachelet as the first female president in
Chilean history during the 2005 presidential elections is a clear example of that) but has failed to address those
issues. In the search for a solution, education seems to be a fundamental element to be taken into account, as
it’s been widely acknowledged that it is a powerful tool for changing these deeply ingrained stereotypical
conceptions. Female involvement in physics research and education is still regarded as both rare and
inappropriate (discouraging women to engage in those activities, thus generating a vicious cycle), ideas that
can be changed through physics student teachers’ understanding that they hold great responsibility when it
comes to either perpetuating or fighting those conceptions about gender, since they are more than just mere
instructors, but also role models for their students. In this case, focus is put on female student teachers.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Alicia Muriel Montecinos, Physics Professor, M.A. in Science Education,
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile. E-mail address:montecinos.alicia@gmail.com
Market Factors Influencing the Decision to Patronage Low

Cost Carriers
Bavornluck Kuosuwan*, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand
Abstract
The purposes of this research were to study the behavior of passengers who frequently flied with low cost
carriers and to study market factors which could influence the decision making of customers to patronage low
cost carriers in Thailand. This paper was a mixed research of both the qualitative and quantitative technique. A
total of 15 key informants were interviewed by using an in-depth interview. Also, a total of 400 low cost
airlines’ passengers were interviewed via questionnaire. The findings revealed that respondents were male and
female at a similar proportion with the majority having an undergraduate degree, working for private company,
and had income in the range of 20,000 -30,000 baht per month. The main decision to choose low-cost carriers
was low price in which customers could purchase online. In addition, the findings also revealed that the first
three market factors influencing the decision of the respondents to patronage low-cost airlines were low price,
channel of buying ticket, and promotion factor.
Key words: Decision; Influencing; Market Factors; Low-cost Airlines;
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Bavornluck Kuosuwan, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok

Thailand. E-mail address:bavornluck.ku@ssru.ac.th
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The research aimed to analyze effect of self-talk, and focus
on balance function of children who suffering from cerebral
palsy
Roksana Shiran (MA)*, College of Physical Education and Sport Since Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad , Karaj, Iran
Zhale Barqerli (PhD), College of Physical Education and Sport Since Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad , Karaj, Iran
Parivash Nourbakhsh (PhD), College of Physical Education and Sport Since Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad , Karaj,
Iran
Abstract
The research was semi-experimental and its method was causative comparative.
Statistical so Citey was consisted of all 6-10 years old children who sufferings from cerebral palsy – under taking
care in Alborz province rehabilitation and welfare centers.
Among them, a center has been chosen randomly and regarding to physical and mental specification of the
statistical society, 36 children were chosen randomly as available sample, which were divided into 3 groups of
12 people to collect data personal static faction for parents, personal specification question are, dynamometer
plane to evaluate balance in static situations, biodex device to measure static and seem-dynamic balance and
TGUG test to measure dynamic balance have been applied.
Kolmogrove -smirinov test result, shows normal data distribution .so data analyzing of descriptive and in frontal
statistic consisted of multi-factorial 3*3 variance analyzing test to compare intra group and inter group.
Bonferroni following test had been applied.
Data analyzing, was at meaning full level 25% and SPSS software used.
The test result showed that educational and motivational self-talk, outer and inner focus had meaning full
effect on dynamic, semi dynamic and static balance of the children (6-10) years old children suffering from
cerebral palsy.
At so outer compared to inner focus and motivational self-speech compared to educational self-talk caused to
higher operation in dynamic balance activities, semi dynamic and static test.
Key words: Self-talk. focus of dynamic and seem dynamic balance, TGUG test.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Roksana Shiran, College of Physical Education and Sport Since Karaj
Branch, Islamic Azad , Karaj, Iran. E-mail address:shiranroxana@gmail.com
Community Product Designed:

A Case of Coconut Sugar Coffee Spoon
Wannee Sutthachaidee* , Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand.
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to offer three models of community product designed for coconut sugar
coffee spoon in order to be used in marketing the community products to create jobs and income for elderly
citizens at Bangkontee district, Samut –Songkhram province, Thailand. This research utilized a qualitative
method such as in-depth interview, SWOT analysis, Content analysis, and workshops. The product designed
was required to be congruent with five ideas: 1) the design must imply local culture and unique community
heritage; 2) the production must be able to process by elderly citizens; 3) the product can be produced with
low cost of production and use mainly local raw materials, 4) the product must be attractive to customers, and
5) The product must come with a beautiful package. The product designed was aimed to enhance the sale of
community products which produced by elderly citizens.
Key words: Coconut Sugar Coffee Spoon; Community; Product; Designed
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Wannee Sutthachaidee, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok

Thailand. E-mail address:wannee.su@ssru.ac.th
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The effect of a new experimental system design related to
the plasma state on achievement of candidate elementary
science teachers
S. D. Korkmaz, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Elementary Science Education Department, Meşelik Campus,
26480- Eskisehir, Turkey
E.C. Aybek, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Educational Science Department, Meşelik Campus, 26480-
Eskisehir, TURKEY
S. Pat, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Physics Department, Meşelik Campus, 26480- Eskisehir, TURKEY
Abstract
The educational objectives related to the plasma state of matter, which comprises more than 90% of our
universe, are located in the “properties of substances” unit in the 9th grade high school physics course
curriculum. If there are physical and technical limitations while performing an experiment, the use of different
techniques is recommended, such as demonstration experiments or simulations. Performing experiments
related to the plasma state, which is the topic of this study, is very difficult in the classroom due to technical
limitations. Thus, students cannot achieve the educational objectives related to the plasma state of matter. In
addition, in Turkey, university curricula of elementary science education departments do not include lectures
on plasma. The purpose of this study is to increase students’ comprehension of the plasma state of matter and
its properties. The newly designed experimental system and simulations are intended to answer following
questions: What is plasma? What are the general characteristics of plasma? How can plasma be created in the
laboratory?
For this purpose, 28 female and 4 male elementary science education teacher candidates who study at
Eskisehir Osmangazi University were included as the research group. Data were collected from a 10 multiple-
choice and 10 essay-type questions (to determine the reasons behind students’ answers) achievement test
developed by the researchers. Essay questions were scored with a rubric. The achievement test was
administered before and after the experiment, and mean scores were compared by an independent samples t-
test. In addition, the students’ answers to the essay-type questions were compared by their rubric scores. The
results of the independent samples t-test showed that the students’ mean post-test score was significantly
higher than their mean pre-test score. In addition, rubric scores showed that students answered multiple-
choice questions based on a higher level of understanding of plasma.
Key words: Plasma state, science education, candidate elementary science teachers
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:S. D. Korkmaz, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Elementary Science

Education Department, Meşelik Campus, 26480- Eskisehir, Turkey.
E-mail address:sduysal@ogu.edu.tr
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Food Safety in Thailand: A Case of International Senior
Tourists
Sinchai Poolklai*, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand
Abstract
The Food safety is one of the most important concerns for international senior tourists in Thailand when
dealing with the cuisine at strange tourist destinations. This paper drew upon data collection from an
international senior tourist survey conducted in Bangkok, Thailand during summer of 2014. Summer time in
Thailand is a high season for international tourists. It is also a high risk period that a variety food safety issues
and incidents have often increased. The survey was structured primarily to obtain international senior tourists’
concerns toward a variety of food safety and risks they encountered during their trip in Thailand. A total of 400
respondents were international senior tourists in Thailand who were elicited as data input for t-test, chi-square
test, and ANOVA test. The findings also revealed that the three most important food risks were 1) Unclean
physical cooking facility, 2) Toxic chemical handling, and 3) Unclean water.
Key words: Food Safety; International Senior Tourists; Food Risk, Thailand
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sinchai Poolklai, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand.
E-mail address:kevin.wo@ssru.ac.th
The “Big Picture” of Thematic Multimedia Information

Representation in Enhancing Learners’ Critical Thinking and
History Reasoning
Ang Ling Weay*, Centre for Instructional Technology and Multimedia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden,
Malaysia
Mona Masood, Centre for Instructional Technology and Multimedia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden,
Malaysia
Abstract
This paper discusses the implementation of interactive multimedia and concept map as the thematic
information representation to enhance students’ critical thinking and history reasoning. We designed a
structured thematic representation of history learning with an interactive concept map based on the cognitive
theory of multimedia learning and cognitive information processing theory as the underlying theories. The six
components in history reasoning theoretical framework and concept map strategy are implemented in the
development of web-based multimedia learning system. Multimedia information representation with visual
and verbal information compensates for the massive load of history information, which is presented with an
interactive knowledge structure. Learning history in-depth is not just fully accepting the facts and data from the
past but also a) to conduct a historical analysis and interpretation as well as to rephrase and represent the
historical concept with one’s own point of view in a well-structured form. Thus, in this study, we discuss the
strategy of how the integration of a concept map provides the “big picture” to organize, restructure, and
convey the learning content thematically. This interactive concept map incorporates multimedia information
representation with regard to learners’ emergent cognitive processes for history reasoning in themes. This
thematic approach of the concept map provides a forecast to improve conceptual understanding, relate history
to a broader context, and implement it for future events.
Key words: Multimedia Information Representation; Concept Map; Critical Thinking; Thematic Approach;
Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning (CTML).
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ang Ling Weay, Centre for Instructional Technology and Multimedia,
Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Malaysia. E-mail address:ling_weay@yahoo.com
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Satisfaction in Thai Standard of Tourism Quality
Chonlada Choovanichchannon* , Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand
Abstract
The purposes of this research were to study the level of satisfaction of Thai standard of tourism quality and to
recommend guidelines to improve Thai standard of tourism quality. This is a mixed research of qualitative and
quantitative method. There were 10 key informants from various people in the tourism industry and there
were 200 samples for quantitative research. The findings revealed that there were six categories of standard
from high to low level of satisfaction as follows: 1) Tourist destinations must be environmental friendly, 2)
Tourist destinations must be unique in cultural heritage, 3) Tourist destinations must offer food & beverages
that are clean and hygienic, 4) Tourist destination must offer public restrooms that are sufficiency available,
and 5) Tourist destinations must offer reasonable prices
Key words: Satisfaction; Standard; Tourist Destinations; Tourism Quality;
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Chonlada Choovanichchannon, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University,

Bangkok Thailand. E-mail address:chonlada.ch@ssru.ac.th
The Solid Waste Management according to Sufficiency

Economy Philosophy of the Personal Characteristics at Phra-
Yot-Mueangy Fort, Nakhon Phaom Province, Thailand
Sudaporn Arundee *, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand
Sountaree Thiphoom, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand
Abstract
The objectives of research were to 1) study the knowledge of waste management at Phra-Yot-Mueang Kwang
fort, Nakhon Phanom province 2) study the level of waste management according to Sufficiency Economy
Philosophy and 3) compare waste management according to Sufficiency Economy Philosophy in terms of
personal characteristics and their knowledge of waste management. A total of 217 people in Phra-Yot-Mueang
Kwang fort, were included in this study. A questionnaire method was used as a research tool for collecting
data. By employing ready-made computer programs, statistics used to describe data and generate results
included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test and one-way analysis of variance (One Way
ANOVA). The study found a high level of knowledge of waste management in Phra-Yot-Mueang Kwang fort. The
overall result of behavior of waste manage according to sufficiency economy philosophy of was at moderate
level, with the moral and knowledge conditions were at the highest level while reasonableness, moderation
and self-immunity were at moderate level. The study finally found that there was no difference among
personal characteristics and the knowledge of waste management. The whole statistical analysis was realized
with the use of the statistical significance level set for P<0.05.
Key words: Characteristics; Solid Waste Management; Sufficiency Economy Philosophy;
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sudaporn Arundee, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand.
E-mail address:sudaporn.ar@ssru.ac.th
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Food Safety in Thailand: A Comparison between Inbound
Senior and Non-senior Tourists
Jarmon Sirigunna* , Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand
Abstract
Culinary culture differences can cause a problem for international tourists in Thailand who had concern about
food safety management when dealing with the cuisine at strange tourist destinations. This paper drew upon
data collection from an international tourist survey conducted in Bangkok, Thailand during summer time of
2013. Summer time is normally the period that a variety food safety issues and incidents have often gained
publicized in Thailand. The survey was structured primarily to obtain European Union tourists’ concern toward
a variety of food safety management they encountered during their trip in Thailand. A total of 400 respondents
were European tourists in Thailand who were elicited as data input for mean and standard deviation.
Key words: Concerns; European Union Tourists; Food Safety Management
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Jarmon Sirigunna, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand.
E-mail address:jarmon.si@ssru.ac.th
Research Topic: Fabric Design and Development for Casual

Wears: Inspiration from WatPhraDhatPhasornkaew
Decorative Arts
Siracha Samleethong * , Lecturer, Fashion Design, Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat
University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
Abstract
For this study of the design and development of fabric patterns for casual wear inspired by the decorative arts
at WatPhraDhatPhasornkaew, the researcher has studied beautiful patterns, color schemes, techniques and
decorative materials at the temple which are in a modern art style with a Ratanakosin Era uniqueness that is
aesthetically and physically valuable. The objectives of this research were; 1) to study the patterns of design
and color in the decorative arts of WatPhraDhatPhasornkaew, Phetchabun, to apply in the design and
development of new patterns, and 2) study the different types of Thai fabric and production techniques that
are appropriate for the designs. This qualitative research covered the study of documents and information
relating to the topic; a field trip to collect information about the decorative techniques at
WatPhraDhatPhasornkaew; site visits to fabric producers to check whether the newly developed patterns and
types of fabric matched, and interviews with not fewer than 30 target users including working males and
females in the private and government sectors in the Bangkok area. The objective was to find a direction in
designing and developing fabric patterns to suit the target users and daily usage. The research found that the
decorative techniques at WatPhraDhatPhasornkaew had a variety of details including color schemes, patterns
and material mixes created by colored tiles, Bencharong ware, pearl, beads, glass, jewelry, valuable items and
colorful ceramic ware which created beautiful patterns. Moreover, dharma teachings and stories about the
way of the world were narrated through the works of fine arts and sculpture as created by the artists’ ideas.
The researcher took inspiration from the designs, textures and color schemes of this decoration in designing
and developing contemporary fabric patterns with printing techniques on woven fabric made from natural
fibers that were easy to care for and suitable as casual wear for daily usage. Since WatPhraDhatPhasornkaew
was one central form of religious architecture at the heart of Thai Buddhism, this research will greatly help
preserve and develop these Ratanakosin Era works of art and culture to pass on to future generations.
Key words: WatPhraDhatPhasornkaew, The Impressionist art, Buddhist philosophy, Casual wear
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Siracha Samleethong , Lecturer, Fashion Design, Faculty of Fine and
Applied Arts, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand.
E-mail address:siracha.s@hotmail.com
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Establishment of Immunological-Based Assay and Molecular
Assay for Rapid Detection of Vibrio harveyi
Kanittada Thongkao* , Faculty of Sciences and Technology,SuanSunandhaRajabhat University, 1 U-tong Nok
Road, Dusit District, Bangkok, Thailand. 10300
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) can be divided2 groups by dot blotting.The first group consisted of MAb VH9-
11B and VH20-9C specific to 36 and 27 isolates of V. harveyi, respectively and showed cross reactivity with V.
campbellii 3 isolates. The second group, of MAb VH15-6G and VH17-1G were specific to certain isolates of V.
harveyi derived from different sources. In case of the PCR and loop-mediated isothermal amplification
combined with lateral flow dipstick (LAMP-LFD) methods targeting the vhhP2 gene of V. harveyi, both methods
accurately identified 22 isolates of V. harveyi but did not detect 16 non-harveyiVibrio isolates, and 34 non-
Vibrio bacterial isolates that can be used to distinguish V. harveyi from V. campbellii. The sensitivity of PCR and
3 2 4
LAMP-LFD in pure culture was 1.1 x 10 CFU/ml and 1.1 x 10 CFU/ml, while spiked shrimp sample was 1.8 x 10
CFU/g and 1.8 x 103CFU/g.
Key words: dot blotting, monoclonal antibody, Vibrio harveyi, Western blotting, vhhP2 gene, loop-mediated
isothermal amplification, PCR
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Kanittada Thongkao, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, SuanSunandha

Rajabhat University, 1 U-tong Nok Road, Dusit District, Bangkok, Thailand. 10300.
E-mail address:kanittada.th@ssru.ac.th
Isolation of biosurfactant producing bacteria from

petroleum contaminated terrestrial samples that collected
in Bangkok, Thailand
Tanakwan Budsabun* , Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha
Rajabhat University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
Abstract
Biosurfactants are amphiphilic molecules with effective surface-active and biological properties applicable to
replace synthetic surfactant in several industries and processes. In this study biosurfactant producing bacteria
were isolated from 50 terrestrial samples collected in areas contaminated with petroleum in several districts in
Bangkok, Thailand. The biosurfactant producing ability of bacteria was investigated by oil displacement agar
plate and emulsification index method. A total of 42 biosurfactant producing bacteria were isolated from the
samples. The best biosurfactant producing isolate that showed the highest oil displacement and emulsification
activity was identified as Serratia marcescens based on microscopic and biochemical analysis.
Key words: Isolation, biosurfactant, bacteria, Thailand
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Tanakwan Budsabun, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and

Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand.
E-mail address:Tanakwun.bu@ssru.ac.th
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The art of designing, fabric pattern by tie-dyeing with
natural dyes
Chanoknart Mayusoh*, Lecturer, Fashion Design, Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat
University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
Abstract
This research aims to study fabric patterns design by tie-dyeing with natural dyes, specifically types, forms,
techniques, and processes of creating patterns by tie-dyeing and natural dyes. The study outcomes are 4 design
patterns which are derived from 4 types of plants: sappanwood, red cabbage, basil, and mango. Basic tie-
dyeing methods—tying, folding, pleating, wrapping, pinching, and sewing—are then used to create new
patterns when dyeing each color. These patterns can be used to produced colorful scarves
Key words: Tie-dyeing, Natural dye, Mordant
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Chanoknart Mayusoh, Lecturer, Fashion Design, Faculty of Fine and
Applied Arts, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand.
E-mail address:chanoknart.ma@ssru.ac.th
A Development of Computer Assisted Instruction in English

Subject of Third Level Primary Students Named Child’s a
Nice Day
Busarin Eamthanakul*, Depatment of Information Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan
Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand
Orrawan Rewthong, Depatment of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha
Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand
Sansanee Sansiribhan, Depatment of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha
Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to develop also find an efficiency of the computer assisted instruction for an
English subject. Furthermore, another objective is to compare a learning achievement between before and
after studying the computer assisted instruction. A sample group that is used for this research is thirty primary
students in third level from Primary Demonstration School of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok,
Thailand. In addition, the apparatuses for this research consist of a pretest exam, an exam during a lesson, a
posttest exam, and a questionnaire for experts in content as well as technical method.
The result of the research discovers that the computer assisted instruction has an efficient value at 82.33/81.60
that is higher than estimation as 80/80. Moreover, an achievement after learning is higher than before learning
at 0.5 in a statistical significance. Also, a quality evaluation result of the computer assisted instruction by the
experts is in a good rate. In conclusion, this computer assisted instruction for an English subject has a good
efficiency that could be used in an English class for the third level of primary students.
Key words: Computer Assisted Instruction; Efficiency; Graphic User Interface, Achievement
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Busarin Eamthanakul, Depatment of Information Technology, Faculty of

Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand.
E-mail address:busarin.ea@ssru.ac.th
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The effect of perceived behaviors related to educational
attainment on students' school motivation: Sample of
Isparta Vocational School
Nesrin Şalvarcı Türeli, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Isparta MYO, Isparta 32000, Türkiye
Şirvan Şen Demir, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Turizm ve Otelcilik YO, Eğirdir- Isparta 32000, Türkiye
Gonca Manap Davras, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Isparta MYO, Isparta 32000, Türkiye
Abstract
Students of vocational and undergraduate programs at university can be found in negative attitudes and
behaviors towards each other. Families and close environment of students studying vocational programs are
also found in negative behavior. The main purpose of this study is, a) to investigate how the vocational student
perceive people behavior in their school environment, family, and close environment and b) to determine the
effect of the students' school motivation. The population of the study consists of Suleyman Demirel University,
Isparta Vocational School students. To reach this purpose; first, the obtained data from literature have been
used to provide a conceptual framework. The collection of data "Perceived Behavior and Motivation Survey"
was used. Survey has been developed by the researchers from interviews with students and teaching staff. The
obtained data have been analysed via SPSS. Structural and convergent validity of the data have revealed with
the explanatory factor analysis. Then, confirmatory factor analyses were used to test the effects of
independents variables on dependent variable. It was tested using a correlation analysis to determine the
relationship among factor groups and a regression analysis to determine the effects of independents variables
on school motivation factor. As a result, the correlation analysis demonstrated that the significant relationship
between independent variables and school motivation and regression analysis demonstrated that four of
hypotheses have been supported while one of them has not been supported.
Key words: Student perception; School motivation; Vocational school
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Nesrin Şalvarcı Türeli, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Isparta MYO, Isparta
32000, Türkiye. E-mail address:sirvansendemir@gmail.com
A Comparison the Factors Affected on Academic Satisfaction

of Students between Traditional Learning and Distance
Learning Models
Mahmut Demir, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Turizm ve Otelcilik YO., Eğirdir-Isparta, 32500, Turkey.
Şirvan Şen Demir, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Turizm ve Otelcilik YO., Eğirdir-Isparta, 32500, Turkey.
Abstract
The traditional on-campus classroom environments and distance learning have been the issue of debate and
research in recent years. This research has also focused on these models. The main purpose of this research
was to determine the factors affecting academic satisfaction and also the differences in academic satisfaction
between distance learning and traditional learning students in tourism management education at SDU. To
reach of the present research, first the literature was consulted to provide a conceptual model. Appropriate to
the research model, 5-point Likert type survey has been prepared. Through conducting a face-to-face interview
with 110 students of traditional learning program and an online (via internet) interview with 82 students of
distance learning program were collected in the academic year of 2014-2015. The data obtained from the
students was analysed via the SPSS. For the pre-test, reliability and validity analysis was done. And independent
samples t-test was also used to determine whether differences in academic satisfaction of two groups. At
second stage, structural and convergent validity of the data have revealed with the factor analysis. Then,
correlation analysis and regression analysis were used. As a result, the findings demonstrated that the
significant relationship between independent variables and academic satisfaction and all hypotheses have been
supported.
100 | P a g e
Key words: Academic satisfaction; Traditional learning; Distance learning
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Mahmut Demir, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Turizm ve Otelcilik YO.,
Eğirdir-Isparta, 32500, Turkey. E-mail address:mdemir1@gmail.com
Effect of Partial Substitution of Wheat Flour with Riceberry

Flour on Quality of Noodles
Supatchalee Sirichokworrakit*, Department of Food Science Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology,
Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
Juthamat Phetkhut, Department of Food Science Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan
Anuntachai Khommoon, Department of Food Science Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan
Abstract
Riceberry rice, deep purple grain; (Oryza Sativa L.), a cross-bred strain from the Khao Hom Nin Rice variety
which is well known as containing high antioxidant properties and Khao Hom Mali 105 well known as a fragrant
rice. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Riceberry flour addition (10, 20, 30 and 40% by flour weight)
on cooking quality, texture and sensory attributes of noodles. The optimal ratio of noodle from Riceberry flour
was investigated using sensory qualities in comparison with the control (100% wheat flour). The results of
noodle formula development indicated that as the amount of Riceberry flour increased, the stickiness of the
noodles decreased and the appearance became darker. Color of noodle (L* and b* values) decreased distinctly
with the addition of Riceberry flour, while a* value increased. Water absorption, cooking time, breaking length
and sensory attributes of cooked noodles significantly decreased (p0.05) with increasing addition of Riceberry
flour, While cooking loss and tensile strength significantly increased (p0.05).
Key words: Riceberry flour; noodles; cooking quality
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Supatchalee Sirichokworrakit, Department of Food Science Technology,

Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand.
E-mail address:supatchalee.si@ssru.ac.th
Interdisciplinary Use of Marketing Communication

Daniela Avramescu, Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of
Romania” from Timişoara, Faculty of Agricultural Management, 119 Calea Aradului, 300645, Timişoara,
Romania
Ioan Petroman, Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of
Romania
Elena Claudia Constantin, University Politehnica Timisoara, Faculty of Communication Sciences, Department of
Communication and Foreign Languages, 2 Petre Râmneanţu Street, 300596 Timişoara, Romania
Melania Vargaa*, Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of
Romania
Abstract
The article focusses on the importance of the interdisciplinary use of the marketing communication to promote
the European Union program for rural development 2014-2020. The launching of a new programme is not
successful unless it attracts the target people’s attention. A good communication as far as the Common
Agricultural Policy is concerned might help the farmers in the Timis County better use the resources they have
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at their disposal, and eventually optimize the whole-farm system. The research on the way in which
communication was made on the European funding for the 2007-2013 period pointed out that the methods
used did not succeed to lower the lack of interest or improve the information level of the people living in the
Timis County. They neither stimulated them to find out more about this matter nor increased the number of
people who applied for European financing. The authors point out the importance of using interdisciplinary
teams to inform the owners of semi-subsistence farms on potential financial possibilities.
Key words: hodings; semi-subsistance farms; European Union, Common Agricultural Policy; rural areas;
communication; sources of information
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Melania Vargaa, Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine “King Michael I of Romania” from Timişoara, Faculty of Agricultural Management, 119 Calea Aradului,
300645, Timişoara, Romania. E-mail address:elclconst@gmail.com
Development of Numerical Intergration Program

Kathaleeya Chanda, Suan Sunandha Rajabha University,Bangkok 13000,Thailand
Komon Paisal*, Suan Sunandha Rajabha University,Bangkok 13000,Thailand
Abstract
This research aims at developing a numerical integration program and comparing calculated tolerances
obtained from individual numerical integration models. In developing the program, PDLC (Program
Development Life Cycle) was employed, from design problem analysis, coding, and to program testing. The
program developed derives numerical integration by using the trapezoidal rule and Simpson’s rule. The
research results can be used can serve as a numerical integration program for pedagogical purposes, and the
obtained test values were used to determine errors.
Key words: numerical integration, Program Development Life Cycle
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Komon Paisal, Suan Sunandha Rajabha University,Bangkok 13000,Thailand.

E-mail address:kathaleeya.ch@ssru.ac.th
Formation of Science Concepts in Pre-school Science

Education
Eva Trnova*, Masaryk University, Faculty of Education, Porici 7, Brno, 60300, Czech Republic
Josef Trna, Masaryk University, Faculty of Education, Porici 7, Brno, 60300, Czech Republic
Abstract
The formation of science concepts is shaped from birth. Some concepts are formed at pre-school age as
preconceptions. These preconceptions fundamentally affect continuous education, which is why the formation
of these concepts is an important educational objective for pre-school education in families and kindergartens.
Simple experiments implemented into playing and games have an important role in the formation of science
concepts. The study presents the research results of the development of appropriate educational methods.
Design-based research was used. Specific examples of simple experiments implemented into playing and
games, which can help to form concepts in pre-school science education, are presented.
Key words: Edutainment, formation, pre-school science education, science concepts, simple experiments
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Eva Trnova, Masaryk University, Faculty of Education, Porici 7, Brno,
60300, Czech Republic. E-mail address:trnova@ped.muni.cz
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Solar Energy-Based Insect Pest Trap
Nichanant Sermsri*, Crafts Product Design Department, Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts, Suan Sunandha
Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
Chonmapat Torasa,Electrical Industrial Technology Department, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Suan
Abstract
Agriculture is the main occupation of Thai people. Farmers encounter the problems of various types of insect
pests that harm crops and result in loss of productivity each year. Therefore, it is necessary for farmers to use
pesticides to prevent crop damage. However, when pesticides are used in large quantity, they cause adverse
impacts on people, animals and the environment. Instead of using pesticides, the government has to support
other ways to prevent insect pests, including the use of biological agents and some insects etc. A previous
study has shown that the ultraviolet light of light emitting diode tube could be used to lure “Coconut Hispine
Beetle”( Plesispa reichei Chapuis), a damaging pest of coconut and a range of palm species. This study aimed to
develop Solar Energy-Based Insect Pests Trap by using ultraviolet light emitting diode tube to lure the insect
pests and 12 volt battery as power supply to light emitting diode tube. The battery charging system derives
electrical energy from 20 watts of solar cell for use at night. This proposed Solar Energy-Based Insect Pests Trap
has an automatic control system to lure insect pests when there is no sunlight and the system will be stop
when the sun shines. The results of the system installation test showed that this proposed Solar Energy-Based
Insect Pests Trap could lure several types of insect pests in vegetable and coconut plantations including
Brotispa, Elephus beetles, and Aphis, etc.
Key words: Solar Energy-Based; Solar cell; Insect Pests Trap
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Nichanant Sermsri, Crafts Product Design Department, Faculty of Fine and
Applied Arts, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand.
E-mail address:nichanan.se@ssru.ac.th
A re-research about awareness of the students about the

innovations of Turkish Commercial Code No 6102 and
Turkish Financial Reporting Standards
Adnan Dönmez, AkdenizUniversity, Faculty Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Business
Management, Antalya, Turkey
Filiz Angay Kutluk*, Akdeniz University, Ayşe Sak School of Applied Sciences, Poyraz Sok. No:55, Yeşilbayır,
Döşemealtı, 07190 Antalya, Turkey
Mustafa Terzioğlu, Akdeniz University, Korkuteli Vocational School, korkuteli, Antalya, Turkey
Abstract
The aim of this study is to detect the awareness of the post graduate students about the innovations of Turkish
Commercial Code No 6102 (TCC) and Turkish Financial Reporting Standards (TFRS) by investigating the relations
of some factors like if they want to choose accounting profession after graduation, by which ways and in which
lessons they heard about them and compare the results with the previous study (Angay Kutluk & Dönmez,
2013) which was performed between under graduated university students one year ago. Frequencies of the
questions, Chi-Square analysis and Multiple Correspondence Analysis results are shown in tables and figures.
Students who want to choose accounting profession after graduation are more aware about the innovations of
TCC and TFRS. Students mostly heard about TCC and TFRS during lessons, especially in General Accounting and
Financial Statement Analysis lessons.
Key words: Turkish Commercial code, Turkish Financial Reporting Standards
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Filiz Angay Kutluk, Akdeniz University, Ayşe Sak School of Applied Sciences,
Poyraz Sok. No:55, Yeşilbayır, Döşemealtı, 07190 Antalya, Turkey.
E-mail address:angay@akdeniz.edu.tr
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Scalar Analysis Of Structural System Lessons In Architecture
Departments
Yunus ERKUŞ, Bingöl Üniversitesi Rektörlüğü, Merkez, Bingöl, TÜRKİYE
Asena SOYLUK, Gazi Üniversitesi Mimarlık Fakültesi Eti Mah. Yükseliş sok. No 5 Maltepe, ANKARA, TÜRKİYE
Gonca AKÇAER, Gazi Üniversitesi Mimarlık Fakültesi Eti Mah. Yükseliş sok. No 5 Maltepe, ANKARA, TÜRKİYE
Abstract
Structural system in structural engineering refers to load-resisting sub-system of a construction. The structural
system transfers loads through interconnected structural components. An architect is also a person who plans,
designs, and oversees the construction of buildings. The architect's knowledge about the system strutural is
very significant in durable and high-performance construction design. Insufficient information of architect in
the matter of structural system is one of the important reasons of static and dynamic fault in construction. This
stuation causes worse conclusion in countries which are earthquake region as Turkey. Especially, the 1999
Gölcük Earthquake in investigated structure damage had been to forefront of architectural design errors.In this
study; consistence of structural system lessons in architecture departments of universities situated important
earthquake zone in earth such as Turkey, USA and Japan had examined. It had observed that; in architecture
departments of universities in Turkey, structural system lessons are inadequate compared to other countries of
the lessons observed. To solve the problem of structural system leads to loss of life and property occur from
Earthquake damages in Turkey must be increased structural system courses in accordance with the formation
of architecture and reached to standart of industrialized countries.
Key words: Structural system lessons, Architecture department, Earthquake
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Gonca AKÇAER, Gazi Üniversitesi Mimarlık Fakültesi Eti Mah. Yükseliş sok.
No 5 Maltepe, ANKARA, TÜRKİYE. E-mail address:gonca.akcaer90@gmail.com
The model for introduction of gamification into e-learning in

higher education
Marko Urh, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Kidričeva 55a, 4000 Kranj, Slovenia
Goran Vukovič, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Kidričeva 55a, 4000 Kranj, Slovenia
Eva Jereb, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Kidričeva 55a, 4000 Kranj, Slovenia
Rok Pintar, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Kidričeva 55a, 4000 Kranj, Slovenia
Abstract
The following paper presents the model for introduction of gamification into the field of e-learning in higher
education. The main phases of analysis, planning, development, implementation and evaluation, as well as the
entire model for introduction of gamification into the field of e-learning are described. Concepts and
differences between techniques and methods of game-mechanics and game dynamics are explained. With
proper integration of gamification in the field of e-learning into higher education, a positive impact on the
learning process can be achieved, such as higher satisfaction, motivation and greater engagement of students.
The importance of clearly defined objectives, rules, techniques and mechanisms of gamification that affect the
dynamics of the students is shown. The paper presents a comprehensive view of the gamification concept in
higher education. The advantages and disadvantages of introducing gamification in e-learning are described.
The paper combines the characteristics of gamification with e-learning and shows the possibilities of use in
practical.
Key words: e-learning; higher education; gamification; game mechanics; game dynamics
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Marko Urh, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences,

Kidričeva 55a, 4000 Kranj, Slovenia. E-mail address:marko.urh@fov.uni-mb.si
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HOW ARE THE LEADERSHIP BEHAVIOR OF SCHOOL
PRINCIPALS PERCEIVED BY THEIR TEACHERS? A CASE STUDY
IN TURKEY
Fusun Akdag*, Ph.D. Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Abstract
In social psychology, the term ‘person perception’ refers to the different mental processes that we use to form
impressions of other people. This term includes how we form these impressions, and the different conclusions
we make about other people based upon our impressions. Person perception can be a very subjective process
that can be influenced by the characteristics of the person we are observing, the context of the situation and
our own personal characteristics (Bargh, Chen & Burrows,1996).
Educational leadership increasingly gained importance in today’s world, because it is recognized that the
quality of leadership makes a significant difference to school and student outcomes. There is also increasing
recognition that schools require effective leaders and managers if they are to provide the best possible
education for their learners ( Kotter, Harvard Business Review, 2013). In order for students to have high-quality
learning each year, schools must be highly functioning, which means they must be led by effective principals
(Day et al, 2010;Barber et al, 2010). Marzano, Waters, and McNulty (2005) noted in their research that the
greatest impact on school success can be determined through the leadership practices of principals. The
principals and school leaders who are implementing their roles and dutiesshould be constantly reviewed and
assessed for transparency in school, because their leadership has an impact on “teacher morale, job
satisfaction, and motivation” (Evans, 2001, p.291)
Principals should have key skills related to communicating, facilitating, team building, coaching, managing
conflict, involving others in decision making, and acting politically, also the development of technological
advancement (Cunningham & Cordeiro, 2006).
The aim of this study is finding the impact of school principals’ leadership behavior on teachers and teachers’
perceptions about the impact and the styles of their leadership. The survey is distributed in ten public
elementary schools in one region of Istanbul, Turkey. The sample consisted of one hundred teachers; of which
sixty-four were female teachers and thirt-six were male teachers. Questionnaire consisted of two parts:
demographic information and questions about the perception of leadership behavior. The scale was adapted
by Demiray & Akdag (2008) and validity and reliability tests proved that questionnaire was reliable and valid.
Analyses indicate that according to the teachers’ perceptions, the important outcomes of the principals’
leadership styles and behavior such as communication, teamwork, problem solving and coordination were
satisfying and effective some of the time. Furthermore the results also provide evidence that the teachers
believe they are not recognized for their achievements by their school principals.
This case study will be the groundwork for a more comprehensive research about the teachers’ expectations of
educational leadership.
Key words: leadership, education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Fusun Akdag, Ph.D. Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey.

E-mail address:fusunakdag@yahoo.com
Factors Influencing Water Quality of Kwae-om Canal in Bang

Khonthi District, Samut Songkram Province
Srisuwan Kaseamsawat, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-tong
Nok Road, Dusit, 10300 Bangkok, Thailand.
Sivapan Choo – in, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-tong Nok
Road, Dusit, 10300 Bangkok, Thailand.
Tatsanawalai Utaraskul, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-tong Nok
Road, Dusit, 10300 Bangkok, Thailand.
Adisak Chuangyham, Bang Nang Li Sub-district, Amphawa District, Samut Songkram Province, Thailand
105 | P a g e
Abstract
This research was focus on factors affecting water quality in Kwae-om Canal in Bang Khonthi District, Samut
Songkhram. The objectives were (1) to monitoring the quality of the source water, with discharged into the
Kwae-om Canal Bang Khonthi District, (2) to study the relationship between the water quality and source of
water pollutant, and (3) to determine the factors that affect water quality in Kwae-om Canal in Bang Khonthi
District, Samut Songkhram. Water samples were sampling from 41 points for the 2 seasons (summer and rainy)
and analyzed water quality according to standard methods.
The results showed that the water quality does not meet the quality standards of surface water category 3 of
the PCD, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment due to the factors of the seasons and the tides.
Contains dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, fecal coliform bacteria and total coliform bacteria. Seasonal
effect on the amount of cadmium in the water. Water temperatures, pH, nitrogen in nitrate, copper,
manganese and zinc compounds were met category 3 of the PCD. According to the factors of land use,
dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, fecal coliform bacteria and total coliform bacteria did not meet the
standard.
Key words: Kwae-om Canal, Water Quality, Water Quality Index
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Srisuwan Kaseamsawat, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Suan

Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-tong Nok Road, Dusit, 10300 Bangkok, Thailand.
E-mail address:Srisuwan.ka@ssru.ac.th
Creativity in EFL teacher training and its transfer to language

teaching
Ivana Cimermanová* , Institute of British and American Studies, Faculty of Arts, University of Presov, 17.
Novembra 1, 08001 Prešov, Slovakia
Abstract
There is a growing body of literature that recognizes the importance of creativity. This paper considers the
necessity and implications of developing creativity in groups of pre-service teachers. Data for this study were
collected using the content analysis - English as foreign language handouts created for the young learners at
the elementary school created by two groups of students (primary school pre-service teachers (K1-4) and EFL
pre-service English language teachers K5-13). It is my experience of working with those two groups for years
that has driven this research that has confirmed our expectations about the ability to create interesting
materials for their students with activities that are not ‘traditional’.
Key words: creativity; self-efficacy; pre-service teacher, crearive teaching
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ivana Cimermanová, Institute of British and American Studies, Faculty of
Arts, University of Presov, 17. Novembra 1, 08001 Prešov, Slovakia.
E-mail address:ivana.cimermanova@unipo.sk
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The Effect Of Online Self-Esteem And Awareness Training
Program On University Students
Gülcan SUNGUR* , Fatih University, İstanbul, Turkey
Abstract
This research was conducted to examine the effect of online, self-esteem and awareness training program on
college students. Research, was conducted on 71 subjects from a private university in Istanbul in 2013-2014
academic year. the study group consisted of 16 students that have been selected, among these subjects and
eight students have been taken to the experimental group, eight students have been taken to the control
group. Students' self-esteem levels have been evaluated using Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale which was
developed by Rosenberg (1965) and was adapted to Turkish by Çuhadaroğlu (1986). Control group pre-test
post-test model was used as research design. After the pre-test measurements, an online training program
consisting of nine sessions has been implemented individuals in the experimental group. During this period, no
operation has been conducted with individuals in the control group. One week after the end of sessions the
post-test measurements were taken. SPSS 20.0 has been utilized in the statistical analysis of the study data and
was tested with the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test. The results obtained from this study have shown that online
self-esteem and awareness training program is effective to increase university students' self-esteem levels...
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Gülcan SUNGUR, Fatih University, İstanbul, Turkey.

E-mail address:gsungur@fatih.edu.tr
English Learning Strategy and Proficiency Level of the First

Year Students, International College, Suan Sunandha
Rajabhat University
Kanokrat Kunasaraphan* , Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to identify whether English language learning strategies commonly used by the
first year students at International College, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University include six direct and indirect
strategies. The study served to explore whether there was a difference in these students’ use of six direct and
indirect English learning strategies between the different levels of their English proficiency. The questionnaire
used as a research instrument was comprised of two parts: General information of participants and the
Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL). The researcher employed descriptive statistics and one-way
ANOVA (F-test) to analyze the data. The results of the analysis revealed that English learning strategies
commonly used by the first year students include six direct and indirect strategies, including differences in
strategy use of the students with different levels of English proficiency. Recommendations for future research
include the study of language learning strategy use with other research methods focusing on other languages,
specific language skills, and/or the relationship of language learning strategy use and other factors in other
programs and/or institutions.
Key words: Direct strategies; English learning strategies; English proficiency level; indirect strategies
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Kanokrat Kunasaraphan, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok

10300, Thailand. E-mail address:kanokrat.ku@ssru.ac.th
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The temperature and the time to compress the pack with a
relaxing effect on the people who have been assuaged.
Wichan Lertlop*, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-tong Nok Road,
Dusit District, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
Abstract
This research aims to study the temperature and the time is right to compress the compresses affecting the
relaxation of those who have been assuaged by the comparison to an average angle of 40 °. 50 and 60 degrees
Celsius during the time at 1, 3 and 5 minutes, respectively. The population in this study were volunteers who
joined the project, which received a massage with herbal medicine students of Thailand in the period March to
May 2014. The samples used in the study were volunteers who participate in the research, which has been
compressed by the compressing massage therapy and medical students plan to Thailand in the early March of
2014 to May 2014, 30 people. The instrument used in this study consisted of a protractor, stopwatch,
thermometer Components and compress the size and shape as well. The results showed that Temperature and
at the appropriate time in the pack is 60 ° C and 5 minutes, respectively
Key words: Temperature
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Wichan Lertlop, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Suan Sunandha
Rajabhat University, 1 U-tong Nok Road, Dusit District, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand.
E-mail address:wichan.le@ssru.ac.th
The Effectiveness of Teaching English by Using Reading

Aloud Technique towards EFL Beginners
Pimanmas Ninsuwan* , Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand
Abstract
This research presents the effectiveness of teaching English by using reading aloud technique towards EFL
beginners focused on freshmen who studied English Intensive Course during June to August 2014. However,
twenty students were chosen as samplings to conduct the research based on reading aloud technique in order
to evaluate the learner’s capability of learning and understanding English language concentrated on reading
comprehension skill. The fact is that the skill of reading is necessary among EFL learners since they must
comprehend not only vocabulary but also techniques in learning English. The researchers realizes on the
importance of learning English by using reading aloud technique towards EFL learners, and also compare result
and satisfaction to learners with self-directed learning technique. Besides, the researcher realizes that Thailand
is joining ASEAN community and English language will be essential in term of communication. Thus, Thai
students should prepare and be ready for the upcoming future. To be able to master in all language skills,
learners must learn and realize the importance of language. Using English in classroom is a way for learners to
practice the skills. The researcher has planned to survey the way of teaching English and conducted this
research by having pre-test and post-test and introduced self-directed learning in the same learning group,
followed by reading aloud technique.
Key words: EFL; Reading Aloud; Self-Directed Learning
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Pimanmas Ninsuwan, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok

Thailand. E-mail address:pimanmas.ni@ssru.ac.th
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Pattern of participation in reducing the Harmful chemical to
pest eliminate of farmers at Suanluang Sub-district
Amphawa Samut Songkram Province
Paiboon Jeamponk* , Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-tong Nok
Road, Dusit District, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand.
Sivapan Choo – In, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-tong Nok
Road, Dusit District, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
Abstract
This research paper was to examine the local farmers’ participation in managing the chemical contamination
reduction from pesticide use and pest control in fruit farming. The population of this research was 46 fruit
farming households of Suan Laung Sub - district, Amphawa District, Samut Songkram Province. These
households were reported to be the pesticide users. Questionnaire and focus group methods were utilized for
collecting the data. The findings unveiled a significant level of involvement in the management of chemical
contamination reduction from pesticide use and pest control. Fruitful suggestions elicited from the key
informants in the focus group method were also made.
Key words: People Participation, Reduction of Pesticide Use, Pest Controls
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Paiboon Jeamponk, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Suan Sunandha
Rajabhat University, 1 U-tong Nok Road, Dusit District, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand.
E-mail address:paiboon.je@ssru.ac.th
SSRUIC Students’ Attitude and Preference toward Error

Corrections
Papitchaya Papangkorn * , Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand.
Abstract
Matching the expectations of teachers and learners is significant for successful language learning. Moreover,
teachers should discover what their learners think and feel about what and how they want to learn. Therefore,
this study investigates International College, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University students’ preferences toward
error corrections in order to help SSRUIC teachers match their expectations and their learners because it is
important for successful language learning. This study examined the learners’ attitude and preference toward
error correction through 50 first year SSRUIC students both male (25) and female (25) in Bangkok, Thailand.
The data were collected from a questionnaire and interviews to investigate the necessity and frequency,
timing, type of errors, method of corrective feedback, and person who gives error correction in order to answer
the overall research question and sub-questions. The findings indicate five suggestions regarding the overall
research question. Firstly, errors should be treated, and always be treated. Secondly, treating errors after finish
speaking is the most appropriate time. Thirdly, “errors that may cause problems in an understanding of
listener” and “frequent spoken errors” should be treated. Fourthly, repetition and explicit feedback were the
most popular types of feedback among males, whereas metalinguistic feedback was the most favoured types
amongst females. Finally, teachers were the most preferred person to deliver corrective feedback for the
learners. Although the results of the study are difficult to generalize to a larger population, which are Thai EFL
learners because of the small sample, the findings provide useful information that may contribute to
understanding of SSRUIC learners’ preferences toward error corrections and it might reduce the gap between
what teachers employ and what students expect when receiving corrective feedback. The reduction of this gap
may be useful for the learning process and could enhance the efforts of both teachers and learners in a Thai
context.
Key words: Error; Corrective feedback
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Papitchaya Papangkorn, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok

Thailand E-mail address:papitchaya.pa@ssru.ac.th
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Friedrich Herbart’s influence on Romanian pedagogical
thought (XIX-th century up to 1948)
Vîrtop Sorin-Avram, University “Constantin Brâncuşi” of Târgu-Jiu, Calea Eroilor Nr. 30, Loc. Târgu-Jiu, Jud.
Gorj, Cod. 320135, România
Abstract
The paper aims to present the influence of the pedagogy of Friedrich Herbart (1776-1841) during the XIX-th
century and the first half of the XX-th century on Romanian pedagogical thought and the impact it had on the
reforms that took place since 1864 up to 1948 making relevant references to the specific works in Romanian
pedagogy. The philosophical thought of Herbart was applied to the educational practice due to several
Romanian figures who have studied in the German language areas such as Titu Maiorescu (1840-1917) (
doctoral dissertation on Herbart), Ioan Popescu (1832-1892) and Ştefan Velovan (1852-1932), only to name
some of the most representatives. This is one of the instructional systems that will serve as a philosophical
background for the educational reforms at the beginning of the XX-th century and will serve as an example of
educational practice and pedagogical policy up to present times.
Key words: Friedrich Herbart, pedagogy, psychology, instructional system
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Vîrtop Sorin-Avram, University “Constantin Brâncuşi” of Târgu-Jiu, Calea

Eroilor Nr. 30, Loc. Târgu-Jiu, Jud. Gorj, Cod. 320135, România. E-mail address:virtopsa2007@yahoo.com
Developing Students' Learning Ability by Dint of Self-

Directed Learning
Phalaunnaphat Siriwongs * , International College, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Thailand
Abstract
Now that the world is changing, people should take control of their own learning and adopt self-directed
inquiry as a lifelong priority. People learn lots of things from different sources which influence to the way of
life and decision making; hence, self-directed learning takes an important role nowadays. People learn
something more from their own experiences independently. Generally, the full meaning of self-directed
learning has come to be labeled “Andragogy” which is defined as the art and science of helping adults learn.
Interestingly, a researcher strongly believes that process and the rationale for self-directed learning, which
belong to Knowles, enable to apply appropriately and plan for teaching and learning effectively
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Phalaunnaphat Siriwongs, International College, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat

University, Thailand. E-mail address:phalaunnaphat@gmail.com
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Redefining identity in shopping environments –3rd year
interior design studio
Irina Feier, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, “Politehnica” University Timisoara, str. Traian Lalescu nr. 2,
Timisoara 300223, Romania
Camil Octavian Milincu, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, “Politehnica” University Timisoara, str. Traian
Lalescu nr. 2, Timisoara 300223, Romania
Abstract
With the rapid increase of large scale shopping developments in Eastern European Countries, retail design has
become a major issue in the professional practice. Imported models and international branding are bringing
upon a global and uniform imagery in commercial design.
Students in the 3rd year of study at the Faculty of Architecture, department of Furniture and Interior Design
have been appointed to analyze existing commercial spaces, abstract their findings and come up with novel
understanding through the design process. A special emphasis has been put on translating the concept of
shopping as a memorable experience into spatial coordinates. The exercise has been carried out on the two
major types of shop units : internalized mall and high street.
Although the developed projects were highly realistic and followed up the professional practice phases (from
preliminary to detail design) , the academic environment insured freedom in creating valid innovative models.
The final result is not an purpose in itself, but a means for providing the student with a deeper understanding
of spatial design that he will be able to apply later on into practice
Key words: retail design, design studio, shopping experiences
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Irina Feier, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, “Politehnica” University
Timisoara, str. Traian Lalescu nr. 2, Timisoara 300223, Romania. E-mail address:irinafeier@yahoo.com
Trust and Conflict Resolution: Relationship Building for

Learning
Jeff Paul Dickie * , International College, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University (SSRUIC)
Abstract
This research paper combined grounded coding and research questions with the objective to investigate
conflict resolution in the classroom. The students' answers concerning teaching were coded according to
phrasal meanings which revealed concepts. These concept codes then became input data into theoretical
framework. The investigation indicated two conflicts: whether the information was valid and whether to make
the study effort which was discussed as perceptions of teacher's competence in helping to learn. The relevant
factors in helping to learn were predominately emotional and were important in the negotiation process to
develop relationships. In addition, it was also found that perceptions of information validity seemed to be
important to begin the study process and to participate effectively in the learning process. In effect, confidence
in the learning negotion process with a focus towards relationship building with the valid subject matter
seemed to be the motivator to make the study effort.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Jeff Paul Dickie, International College, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University
(SSRUIC). E-mail address:jpd@mail2canada.com
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The Pattern design on Hand-Woven Loincloth, inspired by
Thai Chess
Suwit Sadsunk* , Lecture, Fashion Design, Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts, SuanSunandha Rajabhat University,
Bangkok, 10300, Thailand.
Abstract
This research aims to study, the pattern design on Hand-Woven Loincloth, inspired by Thai Chess, the
researcher studied on characteristics, pattern, and colors , of Thailand’s local loincloth preferred to be used in
daily life. The researcher developed the pattern of loincloth to create the prototype through integrating the
pattern of embroidery work inspired by unique Thai Chess. These prototypes were created in several form of
product including bolster, pillowcase, etc. These prototypes were developed to be beautiful and suitable for
current usage and respond to new generation in order to make them see the value, beauty, and uniqueness of
design. These prototypes would be developed to be the guidelines for further developing the distinctive design
thinking of patterns on Hand-Woven Loincloth inspired by Thai Chess.
Key words: Thai Chess, Hand-Woven Loincloth, Embroidery, Design.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Suwit Sadsunk, Lecture, Fashion Design, Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts,
SuanSunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand.
E-mail address:suwit.sa@ssru.ac.th
Analysis of the relationship between estimation skills based

on calculation and number sense of prospective classroom
teachers
Ali Senol*, Associate Prof. Dr., Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
Sefa Dundar, Assistant Prof Dr., Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
Nazan Gunduz, Research Assistant, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
Abstract
In regard to the concept of estimation, there have been various definitions in the literature. Some of them are
as follows: “process of being able to provide an adequate answer to a problem (Reys, 1986)”, “quickly having
an idea about the quantity or size of something without actually counting or measuring it (Micklo, 1999)”.
NCTM (2000) considered understanding the numbers and operations, ensuring fluency in arithmetic operations
and improving the number sense as the center of mathematics education. Number sense can be defined as a
person’s having a good level of knowledge on the relationships of numbers and operations and the ability to
use this knowledge in the situations concerning daily life (McIntosh, Reys, & Reys, 1992; Yang, 2003). In this
respect, the purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between estimation skills based on calculation,
estimation strategies and number sense of prospective elementary teachers. The sample of the study is
comprised of prospective teachers currently studying in 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th grade of classroom teaching in
the Faculty of Education of a Turkish public university. The test determining the estimation skills developed by
Tekinkır (2008) and test of number sense will be used as the data collection tool. The data obtained will
determine the estimation skills and level of number sense of prospective elementary teachers. The study is
considered to reveal what extent reasoning which is one of the fundamental skills aimed to be acquired in
mathematics program in Turkey is developed among the prospective teachers and to contribute the literature.
Key words: Number sense, Estimation skills, Classroom teachers
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ali Senol, Associate Prof. Dr., Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University,
Çanakkale, Turkey. E-mail address:nazan09gunduz@gmail.com
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Six key questions to innovate in the classroom from an
anthropological perspective for the learning of science and
language on science from the earliest ages
Mailing Rivera*, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
Wilson Cortés, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
Cristian Merino, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
Abstract
This article presents an interdisciplinary theoretical analysis about the elements that should meet in a didactic
proposal in order to develop the scientific research skills in the students through the use of language and
communication. These are: the Interrelation between the develop of the communicative skills and research
skills, along with the possibility to generate evidence of development of these abilities, with approaches that
already exist to analyze the scientific speeches in the classroom and the role in the anthropological context for
the development of the school thinking. Under the theoretical reflection emerge two central key ideas: first,
the relation between; culture, emotions and exploration, observation, in which the use of models is crucial for
the sense construction and the regulation of the speech through the interpersonal communication processes
like abilities before the development of abilities of scientific research. Second, to analyze the statement as a
rhetorical problem solving, there are two elements that affect. On one hand in teaching grammar used by the
school to observe and problematize, and secondly, anthropological ethnographic approach to contextualize the
representations of the environment under investigation
Key words: teaching; research skills; communication skills; ethnography
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Mailing Rivera, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile.

E-mail address:mailing.rivera@uantof.cl
Branding as a Competitive Strategy in Australia’s University

Students Air Travel Market Segment
Metawe Thamagasorn*, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-Thong Nok Road, Dusit, Bangkok, 10300,
Thailand.
Abstract
Airlines serve a number of discrete markets, which is typically segmented into premium/business and leisure.
Customers perceive an airline’s offer to be the same as its competitors because airlines services have been
commoditized. Airlines need to capture and deliver customers value for competitiveness but in order to do so
they need to understand the customer’s wants and needs. Despite the fact that a brand management approach
to marketing is found to be effective to differentiate products and extract higher yields, the airline philosophy
appears to be focusing on branding the company at a general level rather than on the individual market
segment. The objective is to investigate the influence of branding on both Australian and international
university students’ decisions to select an airline for their air travel requirements. The author focused on
university students as a market segment in this research for their significant potential of purchasing power and
their behavior to spend most of their money on food and travel. The survey results suggest that even in the
price-sensitive market, brand has an influence on university students’ airline choice. Singapore Airlines and
Emirates Airline were the brands that respondents recall. Airline name (brand) that consumers recall most
often is a good indicator that a majority of those consumers will also be using the service of that airline.
Singapore Airlines was the airline brand that a significant number of respondents could recall and actually use
when compared to other airlines despite the fact that there are only six Singaporeans out of all respondents.
Key words: airline branding; university students; air travel
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Metawe Thamagasorn, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-Thong

Nok Road, Dusit, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand.E-mail address:metawe.th@ssru.ac.th
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WHAT DO MEDIA, CORRUPTION AND HIGHER EDUCATION
HAVE IN COMMON IN MACEDONIA?
Hajrulla Hajrullai* , South East European University, Tetovo, 1200, Macedonia
Abstract
Corruption in higher education is a silent but well known phenomenon in countries in transition. Recent
massification and internationalisation of higher education in countries in development have contributed to a
decrease of quality and increase scale of corruption. In this paper the quantity and the content of articles about
higher education in two of Macedonia’s most prestigious media outlets are analyzed, demonstrating that, as
agenda-setting theory would predict, there is a positive relationship between societal concern about
corruption in higher education and the way the journalists discuss the issue of corruption. This paper draws
upon the importance of media in the fight against corruption. The paper presents a method of analysis of
newspaper articles and news coverage on corruption in higher education in a way that it quantifies the
coverage and in this way determines the most common corruption patterns in higher education as described
by the media. The study offers additional alternatives to the analysis of corruption in higher education.
Key words: media; corruption; higher education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Hajrulla Hajrullai, South East European University, Tetovo, 1200,
Macedonia. E-mail address:h.hajrulla@seeu.edu.mk2
The Development of Management Information Systems Model for

Elite Sports Development Department Sports Authority of Thailand
Patcharabhorn Sounthornwiboon*, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Physical Educatin,
Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand.
Paiboon Srichaisawat, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Physical Educatin, Srinakharinwirot
University, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand.
Khwanying Sriprasertpap, Department of Technology Education, Faculty of Education, Srinakharinwirot
University, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand.
Abstract
The growth of information technology which increases and changes administration in organization but in
Thailand, sports organization was not appropriate management information system (MIS). Therefore, this
paper aimed to study needs analysis and to development Management Information System Model for Sport
Organization. Methodology of research was mix-method. Data collecting tools consisted of the focus group
discussion and needs analysis checklist questionnaire. Sample groups used in this study were 2 groups, Group I
consisted of 4 expert administration sport organization people and Group II consisted of 3 stakeholders. Data
was analyzed by using percentage, Mean, Standard Deviation and content analysis.The result of research found
that Management Information Systems Model for Elite Sports Development Department Sports Authority of
Thailand consisted of 8 Module Systems such as 1) Budget Management System, 2) International and local
Competitions System 3) Participate in Competitive International and Local System4) Human Resources System
5) Correspondence and Document System 6) Academic System 7) Welfare System and 8) Assessment and
Evaluation System. The MIS Sport Model created from qualitative and quantitative data with the sample groups
3 level persons such as Top Level Management, Middle Level Management and Operational Level
Management. As the result, its will be to develop MIS Sports Software and Application for support decision
making in organization all of level.
Key words: Sport Organization; Management Information Systems; ICT
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Patcharabhorn Sounthornwiboon, Department of Physical Education,

Faculty of Physical Educatin, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand.
E-mail address:b-sat@live.com
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Okul Öncesi Eğitimi Öğretmen Adaylarının Sanat Eğitimi ve
Uygulamalarına Dair Deneyimleri
Mübeccel Gönen, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
Emine Hande Aydos*, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
Ayça Ülker Erdem,Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
Abstract
In early childhood period, art education has a crucial effect for children’s gaining aesthetic perception, attitude
and skills. Early childhood educators and teacher candidates need to have enough knowledge and skills while
planning and implementing art activities and they should make this process enjoyable and effective for the
children. Within this context, the aim of the study is to examine the explanation of art education, ideas about
the importance of art education of early childhood education teacher candidates, methods and techniques
used by them in implementation process and what they do to develop themselves. In the light of findings, early
childhood education teacher candidates think art education is important. There are explanations about the
importance of art education as creativity, motor and social development and school readiness. During the
implementation process of art activity, teacher candidates use mostly coloring, cutting-gluing, waste material
and kneading materials. Also, in order to develop themselves, teacher candidates have stated that they make
literature review, follow the social media and blogs, participate in seminars and educations and ask to field
expert.
Key words: Early childhood, art education, teacher candidate
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Emine Hande Aydos, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
E-mail address:handeaydos@yahoo.com.tr
The Development of Cashew Products from the Small and

Micro Company Enterprise (SMCE) Groups of Ranong
Province, Thailand
Cholpassorn Sitthiwarongchai* , College of Innovative and Management, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University,
Bangkok, Thailand.
Abstract
The objective of this research was to study the status and features of cashew nut products of Ranong
province's SMCE group in order to find further ways to improve the product quality. The population for this
study consisted of two groups. The first group was members and entrepreneurs of Ranong's SMCE, from which
the sample randomly selected on for 16 persons by using the group of cashew nut products criteria. The second
group was the customers who had bought the cashew nut products. The research paper utilized both
quantitative and qualitative data. The quantitative data was collected from questionnaire regarding the needs
of development in cashew nut products. In addition, the descriptive statistic analytical technique which were
frequency, mean, and percentage also played an important role in this part. Each question would be measured
by the five point scales criteria. While the qualitative data would be collected by the in-depth interview with
members and entrepreneurs of Ranong's SMCE in order to study the general data of cashew nut products.
From the findings regarding the opinion of the status and features of Ranong SMCE’s cashew nut products, the
highest mean was 4.06 with .722 SD for sensible pricing. From the findings regarding ways to improve Ranong
SMCE’s cashew nut products, the highest mean was 3.91 with .865 SD for sensible pricing.
Key words: Cashew Nuts; Ranong SMCE; Product
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Cholpassorn Sitthiwarongchai, College of Innovative and Management,

Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand. E-mail address:cholpassorn.si@ssru.ac.th
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The Impact of a tailored education Program for Providing
Disaster Relief Supply kit: Applying Precaution Adoption
Process Model
Kambiz Karimzadeh Shirazi*, Department of Public Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center,
Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
Khalil Jassempour,Department of Public Health, School of Health, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj,
Iran
Abstract
Problem statement: One of the ways to increase community readiness against the natural disasters is providing
of the disaster relief supply kit for increasing the probability of survival of families in the early hours of the
disasters.
Purpose of Study: The aim of this study was to encourage individuals for providing the relief kit.
Methods: This randomized controlled study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of an eight- week
educational intervention, based on a staging model in 221 personnel of Ahwaz Carbon Factory, Iran.
Findings and Results: The results showed that before training program 100% of participants of intervention
group were in stage 1 (unaware)and stage 2(unengaged), after intervention the training group had a positive
significant progress in stages (p<.001) and 16.2% (17 cases) of them provide a kit. Significant improvement in
knowledge, self-efficacy and subjective norms were noted in the training group (p<.001). There was significant
relationship between subjective norms, self judgment of risk severity, enabling factors and the target behavior,
but there was no significant relationship between self perception of the magnitude of risk and disaster relief
supply kit.
Conclusions and Recommendations: These results support the positive effect of a tailored educational program
to encourage participants to provide the disaster relief supply kits.
Key words: Education, PAPM, Natural disaster
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Kambiz Karimzadeh Shirazi, Department of Public Health, Social

Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
E-mail address:karimzadehshirazi@yahoo.com
Community-Based Participatory Health Research: promoting

health equity in communities
Sigrid Mairhofer* , Free University of Bozen – Bolzano, Regensburger Allee 16, Brixen 39042, Italy
Abstract
This article is based on a PhD-project, which deals with the issue of health (in)-equity in South Tyrol, Italy. The
research project was developed and supported during my PhD-study in Social Work and the participation in the
certification course in Participatory Health Research from the International Collaboration of Participatory
Health Research (ICPHR). The project runs from 2014 to 2016 and is now in the phase of data-collection, so this
is a work-in-progress paper. After giving a short overview about some theoretical background this article
focuses on explaining how Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) can promote health equity.
Key words: Community-Based Health Promotion, Participatory Research, Health (In)-Equity
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sigrid Mairhofer, Free University of Bozen – Bolzano, Regensburger Allee
16, Brixen 39042, Italy. E-mail address:sigrid.mairhofer@unibz.it
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Personal Learning Preferences and Group Dynamic
Influences on Collaborative Group Work
Fauzy M. Wan* , Center for Instructional Technology & Multimedia, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Abstract
One of the goals for an educational assignment in a course is to provide experiences of an authentic work
situation in an individual’s career. It is common for an individual to work on a project by collaborating with
other individuals; this experience is often obtained through assignments requiring group work. This study
investigated the interactions for an undergraduate video production project. A learning preference style
inventory was administered for each individual within the group. The classifications included their preferences
for learning and social interactions whilst working with others. At the end of the project submission, each
member of a group was required to provide a peer evaluation for the other members of the group. Each group
member was also required to fill in a survey which examined their perceptions on several group dynamic
elements. The results obtained provided evidence that with an awareness of personal learning preferences
within a social interaction, there was better understanding and expectations for each individual’s role within
the group. These interactions resulted in higher quality interactions to complete the project as evidenced
through the peer evaluation reports. By taking account of the social interactions and group dynamics, an
educator is able to provide with more realistic expectations and experiences for their students involved in
group project assignments. These positive interactions also directly influenced the quality their assigned
projects.
Key words: Group Dynamics, Flipped Classroom, Peer Instruction, Engaged, Learning, Collaborative Learning
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Fauzy M. Wan, Center for Instructional Technology & Multimedia,
Universiti Sains Malaysia. E-mail address:fauzy@usm.my
A Real Context Problem for Consolidating the Similarity

Hatice Kubra GULER, Uludag University, Education Faculty, Bursa, 16059,Turkey
Cigdem ARSLAN, Istanbul University, Hasan Ali Yucel Education Faculty,Istanbul,34452, Turkey
Abstract
Constructing a new mathematical structure depends on conceptual understanding and connection with
previous constructs. For the purpose of obtaining a new mathematical structure, the process of constructing a
concept is defined as abstraction. The weaknesses of new structures that are generated create need their
consolidation and so consolidation has been added as a step of the abstraction process. The purpose of this
case study is to examine the solving process of a real context problem for consolidating similarity of triangles.
The participants are two mathematics education master students. Consequently, it has been determined that
participants have similarity knowledge theoretical but in order to consolidate it, they have to encounter more
real context problems.
Key words: RBC+C, abstraction, consolidation, real context problem, similarity
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Hatice Kubra GULER, Uludag University, Education Faculty, Bursa, 16059,
Turkey E-mail address:hkguler@uludag.edu.tr
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The Factors Affecting Generation Y’s Eating- Out Decision of
Thai and Vietnamese People in Restaurant Business
Aticha Kwaengsopha* , Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand.
Abstract
This research aimed to study factors that affected Generation Y’s eating-out decision on Traditional Cuisine and
Non- Traditional Cuisine for both Thai and Vietnamese people in preparation for ASEAN Economic Community
in food business. The objectives of this research were 1) to study the factors that affect Generation Y ’s eating
out decision on Traditional Cuisine and Non- Traditional Cuisine 2) to compare the similarities and differences
of factors that affect Generation Y’s eating-out decision on Thai and Vietnamese people and 3) to benefit the
involved groups of people to be able to prepare their food business in the right direction for ASEAN Economic
Community.
The samples in this research were Thai Generation Ys who have live in Bangkok, Thailand and Vietnamese
Generation Ys who have live in Hue city, Vietnam. Questionnaires were used as a tool to conduct a survey in
which 380 people responded to the questionnaire. The data was analyzed as percentage, mean and standard
deviation using the SPSS program.
The results from the 380 responders were: 1) the factors that affected Generation Y’s eating - out decision on
Traditional Cuisine of Thai people were quality (= 3.78, S.D. = 3.79), ease and convenient to buy (= 3.68, S.D. =
.98), taste and variety (= 3.67, S.D. = 1.02), friends and family (= 3.52, S.D. = 1.81), and health and nutrition (=
3.41, S.D. = .91). The factors that affected Generation Y’s eating - out decision on Non - Traditional Cuisine of
Thai people were new place or foreign country (= 3.36, S.D. = 1.00), taste and variety (= 3.25, S.D. = .94), friends
and family (= 3.24, S.D. = .94), health and nutrition (= 3.07, S.D. = .96), and easy and convenient to buy (= 3.05,
S.D. = .96). The factors that affected Generation Y’s eating - out decision on Traditional Cuisine of Vietnamese
people were easy and convenient to buy (= 3.72, S.D. = 1.07), taste and variety (= 3.59, S.D. = 1.02), health and
nutrition (= 3.46, S.D. = 1.07), quality (= 3.33, S.D. = 1.09) and new place or foreign country (= 3.23, S.D. = 1.26).
The factors that affected Generation Y’s eating - out decision on Non - Traditional Cuisine of Vietnamese people
were new place or foreign country (= 3.83, S.D. = 1.27), friends and family (= 3.32, S.D. = 1.00), taste and variety
(= 3.26, S.D. = 1.09), personal liking (= 3.17, S.D. = 3.25), and quality (= 3.13, S.D. = 1.06). 2) The similarities of
factors that affected Generation Y’s eating out decision on Traditional Cuisine of Thai and Vietnamese people
were health and nutrition, taste and variety, easy and convenient to buy, social value, price, personal liking,
and new place or foreign country. The factors that affected Generation Y’s eating out decision on Non-
Traditional Cuisine of Thai and Vietnamese people were all similar except new place or foreign country factor
which the Vietnamese gave more precedence to this factor. 3) The involved groups of people should pay
attention to following factors, ease and convenience to buy, taste and variety, quality, health and nutrition,
friends and family, new place or foreign country, and personal liking in order to prepare their food business in
the right direction for ASEAN Economic Community.
This research suggested that future research should study about Generation Y in the rest of ASEAN Economic
Community countries to investigate the factors that affect their eating- out decision on Traditional and Non-
Traditional Cuisine and also investigate the best and effective ways to prepare and develop business by paying
more attention to the important factors influencing the decision making to achieve affective results.
Key words: Generatin Y; Decision; Eating –out; Restaurant
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Aticha Kwaengsopha, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok

Thailand.. E-mail address:Aticha.kw@ssru.ac.th
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Differences in Learning Styles: A comparison of Slovenian
Universities
Miha Marič*, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Kidričeva cesta 55a, 4000 Kranj,
Slovenia
Sandra Penger, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Economics, Kardeljeva ploščad 17, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Ivan Todorović, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Jove Ilića 154, 11000 Belgrade,
Serbia
Nina Djurica, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Jove Ilića 154, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Rok Pintar, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Kidričeva cesta 55a, 4000 Kranj, Slovenia
Abstract
Students have various learning styles. Since we cannot adapt to each single student, we can still find
differences across the students that attend different universities. To achieve better results when teaching, the
educators should understand which learning style prevails in their students. Our research was conducted via
questionnaire and included questions about the students and their learning styles. We used the Honey and
Mumford’s learning style questionnaire (LSQ) to measure the various learning styles (reflectors, theorists,
activists, pragmatists) across three Slovenian universities, searched for the learning style that prevails in each
university and present the differences among them. We found minor differences in the prevailing learning
styles and propose to the educators to plan their teaching approaches on our findings. We propose further
examination of students' learning styles to improve the learning experience and to generalize this approach
when dealing with students learning style preferences.
Key words: students; learning styles; teaching; university.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Miha Marič, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences,

Kidričeva cesta 55a, 4000 Kranj, Slovenia. E-mail address:rok.pintar@fov.uni-mb.si
Academic administration network in Military Nursing

Colleges
Sa-adjid Phetmeesri*, Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing, Bangkok 10600, Thailand
Aungkana Nualyong, Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing, Bangkok 10600, Thailand
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to investigate an academic administration network in Military Nursing Colleges
namely, the Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing, the Royal Thai Army Nursing College, and the Royal Thai Air
Force Nursing College. This research consisted of five steps process 1) the study of pattern, conditions and
challenges related to the academic administration in each college 2) the study on the academic administration
conducted at Boromarajonani College of Nursing under Praboromarajchanok Institute of Health Workforce
Development, Ministry of Public Health where the academic administrative network has been applied
effectively and successfully, 3) a study of the effective patterns of academic administrative network conducted
at the Military Nursing Colleges , 4) A Focus Group Discussion to test the patterns, and 5) A modification and
improvement as suggested by experts. Mixed methods which involved questionnaires, interviews, and
observations were used to collect the data. Percentage, Arithmetic Mean, Standard Deviation and Content
Analysis were used in analyzing the data.
The research findings were as follows:
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1) Military Nursing Colleges had not been implemented the academic administration network fully and
effectively.
2) the results reveal that an effective and suitable pattern of academic administration network were a
clear policy, an agreement and a mutual understanding between the executives and staff on the
objectives and implementation of the network and the academic administration,
3) sufficient supports in terms of budget, information technology and together with the activities
continuously conducted to strengthen the network.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sa-adjid Phetmeesri, Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing, Bangkok 10600,
Thailand. E-mail address:aungkana13@yahoo.com
The effect of M@tabel on Italian students' performances: a

quantile regression approach
Antonella Costanzo* , National Institute for the Evaluation of Education and Training Frascati -RM (Italy)
Abstract
The effectiveness of a training program on students' achievements has primarily relied on estimation
approaches which capture the mean effect on students' performances. While estimating how “on average”
variables affect educational outcomes yields straightforward interpretations, the standard methodology may
miss what is crucial for policy purposes, namely how educational programs affect students achievements
differently at different points of the conditional test score distribution. The aim of this study is to investigate
the short term effects of M@tabel on Italian sixth grade students performance in mathematics at secondary
schools through a multilevel quantile regression approach.
The proposed model allows to fully characterize the entire conditional distribution of performances in
mathematics, providing a more complete view of a possible relationship between M@tabel treatment and the
observed math score gain. The main concern is not only "does the training program have an impact" but also
the question "for whom does it matter, and how".
Key words: Education; Quantile Regression; performances
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Antonella Costanzo, National Institute for the Evaluation of Education and
Training Frascati -RM (Italy). E-mail address:antonella.costanzo@invalsi.it
EPORTFOLIO AS A TOOL OF LEARNING, PRESENTATION,

ORIENTATION AND EVALUATION SKILLS
AITDAOUD Mohammed, University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'Sik,
Morocco
BENTAIB Mohssine, University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'Sik, Morocco
EL KOUALI M’hammed, University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'Sik, Morocco
TALBI Mohammed, University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'Sik, Morocco
NAMIR Abdelouahed, University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'Sik, Morocco
Abstract
These last years drove to many mutations of learning in training terms throughout life. The Moroccan
universities began changing paradigm of education. This change consists in passing from a purely transmissive
teaching paradigm to a learning paradigm where learners become the main actors of learning process and
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acquiring new skills and knowledge. Most of learning tools have adapted to this paradigm. Among these tools,
there are the learning management system (LMS) and the electronic portfolio (ePortfolio).
Our work focuses on monitoring and periodic evaluation of the formation of a student in higher education,
particularly, the skills acquired by the student during his university education. Also we will show you other uses
of the e-portfolio.
From this perspective we suggest a computer device " ISIFePortfolio " which not only allows monitoring of
learners, but also acts as an ePortfolio (electronic portfolio) assessment skills, and a social network combined
systems. Based on the Mahara technology, "ISIFePortfolio" is an application set up by the team ORDIPU
University Hassan II Mohammedia - Casablanca. It has been integrated into the platform of distance education
"Education Master ISIF" for the master " Engineering Information Systems and Training.".
Key words: ePortfolio, LMS, skills, digital monitoring of the learner, evaluation, orientation
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:AITDAOUD Mohammed, University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca,

Faculty of Sciences Ben M'Sik, Morocco. E-mail address:aitdaoud.mohammed@gmail.com
A Study of Electrical Energy Saving in Office

Narun Luewarasirikul* , Applied Physics Program, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Suan Sunandha
Rajabhat University, 1 U-Thong nok Road, Dusit District, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to study the ways of electrical energy saving in office by 1) studying the payback
period of replacing certain electric lamp with the new ones with higher technology (e.g. LED lamp) and also
comparing their effects, 2) studying the benefit of using individual manual lighting controls, the individual
manual switch for controls individual lights, 3) collecting the data of how much electrical energy using for any
electrical appliances (e.g. lamp, air condition, computer, printer, television, refrigerator, etc.), then calculating
approximate electricity costs from electrical energy using for any electrical appliances, the data provided for
awareness of the people who use electrical appliances in office for reducing their electrical energy using.
Key words: electricity saving, office, lighting
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Narun Luewarasirikul, Applied Physics Program, Faculty of Sciences and
Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-Thong nok Road, Dusit District, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
E-mail address:naruno@gmail.com
Simulator for testing and deepening knowledge

Cosmin Petru Agape*, Politehnica University of Timisoara, Power Systems Department 2 Bd. V, Parvan,
300223 Timisoara, Romania
Flavius Dan Surianu, Politehnica University of Timisoara, Power Systems Department, 2 Bd. V, Parvan, 300223
Timisoara, Romania
Cosmin Oros, Politehnica University of Timisoara, Power Systems Department, 2 Bd. V, Parvan, 300223
Timisoara, Romania
Abstract
Practical knowledge gained in the university is an important subject for today's engineering major students.
The paper proposes a learning by doing method and addresses the students attending the Electrical Power
University. In this paper we developed an interface that simulates in Delphi the control monitors of the
dispatchers. The program aims to deepen knowledge, a testing of knowledge but also follows the reaction
capacity of the students.The student has the option to put himself in the dispatcher's place, commanding
breakers and disconnectors. The program assist and notes all the student moves and when he makes a mistake
it warns him about the error he has made. Another variable that the interface uses is the reaction time, the
student being penalized with a smaller grade if he doesn't make a decision in time. The program is structured in
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3 difficulty levels, starting from an easy level in test 1 and reaching to a medium to advanced level in test 3. At
the end of the tests the program shows the grades for the 3 tests and the average between them. The student
is also shown a list with all the areas where he failed and the bonuses for doing right and in time.This kind of
program helps the student solidify his knowledge and test his abilities.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Cosmin Petru Agape, Politehnica University of Timisoara, Power Systems
Department 2 Bd. V, Parvan, 300223 Timisoara, Romania. E-mail address:agape_cosmin@yahoo.com
Philosophy in physics education

Onur Kabil* , Sakarya University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Philosophy, 54187 Esentepe,
Sakarya, TÜRKİYE
Abstract
In this paper I will merely concentrate on the education of physics which I consider to be the most fundamental
science. I investigate some fundamental problems, in physics education, determined by physicists and
pedagogues. As far as I am concerned common problems in physics education are part of one global difficulty.
And this difficulty stems from a weak inclusion of philosophy and particularly philosophy of science in science
teaching. If science education research is concerned with what to teach and how to teach, my claims can be
said to be only about the former. The latter, there is no doubt, is worth analyzing individually as well as the
other problems concerning the introduction of historical and sociological aspects of science in science
education. However, since it is not possible to detach the historical and sociological point of view from a
philosophical concern, for the present purposes one should note that when I am speaking of philosophy, I am
also referring to these aspects. In the first section I present a brief account of the fundamental problems met in
physics education and later stress the importance of inclusion of philosophy in science education.
Key words: philosophy; physics; physic education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Onur Kabil, Sakarya University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of
Philosophy, 54187 Esentepe, Sakarya, TÜRKİYE. E-mail address:okabil@sakarya.edu.tr
Utilization of Corn Silk in Low Fat Meatballs and Its

Characteristics
Nuntaporn Aukkanit*, Nuntaporn Aukkanit , Tipsukon Kemngoen and Natthanicha Ponharn
Tipsukon Kemngoen, Nuntaporn Aukkanit , Tipsukon Kemngoen and Natthanicha Ponharn
Natthanicha Ponharn, Nuntaporn Aukkanit , Tipsukon Kemngoen and Natthanicha Ponharn
Abstract
Corn silk is considered as waste in the production of sweet corn and discarded by most industrialized food
manufacturers. The objectives of this study were to enhance its utilization and evaluated its physico-chemical
and sensory characteristics over the meatballs. Moreover, this study helped to add its value on top of meatball
production process as well. The use of corn silk in low fat meatballs at many levels of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%
were tested while conducting this experiment. It was found that moisture contents of meatballs decreased
when the amount of corn silk increased. Meatballs made of addition of 4% corn silk had the highest crude fiber
and ash contents. Adding corn silk resulted lower L* (lightness) and cooking yield. However, the result of this
adding caused higher a* (redness), b* (yellowness), juiciness and shrinkage. Texture analysis indicated the
cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness of meatball increased when the amount of corn silk increased.
Sensory evaluation revealed that increasing corn silk to the meatballs, sensory scores were decreased in all of
sensory attributes (appearance, color, flavor, taste, texture and overall acceptability).
Key words: Corn silk, Low fat meatballs, physico-chemical characteristics, sensory characteristics
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Nuntaporn Aukkanit, Nuntaporn Aukkanit , Tipsukon Kemngoen and

Natthanicha Ponharn. E-mail address:nuntaporn.au@ssru.ac.th
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Use of a System Thinking Learning Force and Motion
Concept in Physics for Nurse Course
Prissana Rakbamrung*, Faculty of Education, Suratthani Rajabhat University, Surat Thani, 84100 Thailand
Preeyanan Thepnuan,Phetpadungweingchai School, Chai Ya, Surat Thani, 84110 Thailand
Nattaphon Nujenjit, Faculty of Education, Suratthani Rajabhat University, Surat Thani, 84100 Thailand
Abstract
This work was focused on students’ conceptual on Physics principles by conducting an integration of qualitative
and quantitative study. The teaching intervention compose of three parts: training students on system thinking,
use of a system thinking to teach on force and motion concept, and students’ practice on FMCE. The
participants were the first year nursing students enrolled in Physics for Nurse Course. Student nurses’ often
experience difficulty in understanding and conceptualizing abstract principles same as science students. Thus
numerous studies have found that students struggled to grasp the underlying principles of force and motion.
Owing to system thinking is an approach applied to understand how human think differently. This study,
therefore, investigated the effectiveness of combine system thinking approach with teaching intervention on
student understanding abstract concept of force and motion. This work was focused on how students
conceptualized abstract principles by conducting a qualitative study. The teaching intervention compose of
three parts: training students on system thinking, use of a system thinking to teach on force and motion
concept, and students’ practice on FMCE. Results indicated that very few student groups describe in
Newtonian way and there were some alternative concepts. However, about a half of student groups could
identify cause and effect for purpose events. Hence, system thinking approach can be useful as formative
assessment for learning Newtonian concept.
Key words: Dynamic Concept; Force and Motion; Nursing Student; System Thinking
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Prissana Rakbamrung, Faculty of Education, Suratthani Rajabhat

University, Surat Thani, 84100 Thailand. E-mail address:prisana_sru@hotmail.co.th
Developing of mLearning for Discrete Mathematics based on

Android Platform
Kunyanuth Kularbphettong, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-TongNok Road, Dusit,Bangkok, Thailand
Rungnapa Putglan, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-TongNok Road, Dusit,Bangkok, Thailand
Nisnart Tachpetpaiboon, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-TongNok Road, Dusit,Bangkok, Thailand
Chollticha Tongsiri, SilpakornUniversity, Charoen Krung Road, BangkRak, Bangkok, Thailand
Pattarapan Roonrakwit, SilpakornUniversity, Charoen Krung Road, BangkRak, Bangkok, Thailand
Abstract
In this paper, we present Discrete Mathematics Learning system based on Android operating system. The
objective of this system is to advice student to learn discrete mathematics more convenient on mobile
platform. The design approaches and functional components of this system were described and this application
was developed on Knowledge. In this project, it was divided the result by the research purposes into 2 parts:
developing the Mobile application for students and testing and evaluating the system. Black box technique was
used to evaluate application performances and Questionnaires were applied to measure user satisfaction
with system usability by experts and students.
Key words: Mlearning, discrete mathematics, Android operating system and black box technique
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Kunyanuth Kularbphettong, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-

TongNok Road, Dusit,Bangkok, Thailand. E-mail address:kunyanuth.ku@ssru.ac.th
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The development of the logical operators in students with
intellectual disability
Viorel Agheană*, University of Bucharest, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Panduri 90,
Ruxandra Foloştină, University of Bucharest, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Panduri 90,
Abstract
This particular research aims to develop micro-operations of thinking, called logical operators to students with
intellectual disabilities through a program specifically designed to drive them in special education. Training
program consisted of logical operators in learning activities at the acting, iconic and verbal level, based on
formative side extension curriculum and finding the most appropriate training problems and exercises a certain
micro-operations of thinking. Cognitive development programs have tried to expand the "zone of proximal
development" of the child, in other words, to overcome the current level of development, trying to reach his
full potential cognitively.
Key words: intellectual disability, cognitive development, thinking, logical operators, proximal development
zone
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Viorel Agheană, University of Bucharest, Faculty of Psychology and

Educational Sciences, Panduri 90, Bucharest 50663, Romania E-mail address:ruxandrafolostina@gmail.com
“The contribution of strategic watch to the governance of

the Moroccan university”
Fatima Azilal * , Faculty of Economics, Morocco
MIRI Mostafa, Faculty of Economics, Morocco
TALBI MOHAMMED, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'SIK, Morocco
Abstract
Faced with new challenges and new trends in the Moroccan university sector, the governance of its universities
is directly solicited.
Its strengthening is required to enable higher education to anchor in the economic and social realities and to
pursue in the best way its mission of a knowledge production and spread of knowledge.
Strategic Watch is an approach aimed at ensuring provision of relevant information and analysis for the
governance of the institution.
For realize this work, we based on of the field survey technique. The interest of this work is that we had given
to university officials the opportunity to express their need for a strategic watch and to appreciate their
existing system.
Key words: Strategic watch, governance, education, university, administrative manager, etc.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Fatima Azilal, Faculty of Economics, Morocco.

E-mail address:fatima_azilal@yahoo.fr
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Principal leadership on student outcomes in Portuguese
schools
Raul Pina*, Catholic University of Portugal, Department of Education, CEDH, Oporto, Portugal
Ilídia Cabral, Catholic University of Portugal, Department of Education, CEDH, Oporto, Portugal
José Matias Alves, Catholic University of Portugal, Department of Education, CEDH, Oporto, Portugal
Abstract
There is a feeble and diffuse relationship between the s’ academic outcomes in Portuguese schools, which
makes it pertinent to explore hprincipal’s leadership and studentow this relationship works and can be
improved.
This study aims to explore, in Portuguese schools, the impact of school leadership, particularly of the principal,
on student’s outcomes, and if there is a link it also aims to understand in what ways it happens.
The study adopts mixed-methods, combining the analysis of national assessment and examination data sets,
questionnaire surveys (from LOLSO, Leithwood, Mulford & Silins, 2004), structured open-ended interviews and
focus groups to the principals of 6 school groupings, heads of department, teachers and students. Part of this
study reports results from the interviews analyses of the principals, and the focus group of the head of
departments and students. By means of content analysis, we make inferences from data to the context,
providing knowledge and new insights on the object of the study.
A preliminary analysis of data identifies some contradictions between what principals claim to do and the
perceptions of heads of department and students in categories like Building a shared vision through the school
project and communicating that vision; High performance expectations to students and teachers and Providing
individual support (mainly in schools over 1000 students). However the perceptions of principals, head of
departments and students are that the student´s outcomes promote changes in school organization and in the
actions of the principal.
Key words: School leadership; Principal; Student; Outcomes; Portugal
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Raul Pina, Catholic University of Portugal, Department of Education, CEDH,
Oporto, Portugal. E-mail address:raulmpina@msn.com
Analysis of Web Sites for e-Learning in the Field of Foreign

Exchange Trading
Rok Pintar, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Kidričeva cesta 55a, 4000 Kranj, Slovenia
Eva Jereb, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Kidričeva cesta 55a, 4000 Kranj, Slovenia
Goran Vukovič, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Kidričeva cesta 55a, 4000 Kranj,
Slovenia
Marko Urh,University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Kidričeva cesta 55a, 4000 Kranj, Slovenia
Abstract
The following paper analyzes the most popular websites offering e-learning courses of currency trading or
foreign exchange (forex). The characteristics of websites, for instance, number of page visits, time spent on the
page, page rank, bounce rate, and other characteristics are presented. On the basis of these parameters and
characteristics, a multi-criteria utility function was built, and the most popular and best-known e-learning
providers in the field of currency trading were selected. Different approaches, techniques and tools used on
these websites providing e-learning in the field of foreign exchange trading were analyzed. Providers and
services of such courses differ in approaches and offer different e-learning techniques. The article also shows
common features, peculiarities and deficiencies of learning approaches in the field of e-learning of currency
trading. Some recommendations which can also be used in other areas of education, and learning approaches
which can be used in the future, are given. The paper also fills a gap in the field of e-learning in foreign
exchange trading, and contributes to ease the selection process of the forex e-learning provider.
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Key words: e-learning; foreign exchange trading; web sites analysis; learning approaches
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Marko Urh, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences,

Kidričeva cesta 55a, 4000 Kranj, Slovenia. E-mail address: marko.urh@fov.uni-mb.si
Educational Profile of Moroccan Immigrants Enrolled in

Schools in Navarra (Spain)
María Ángeles Sotés-Elizald, University of Navarra, Faculty of Education and Psycology, Department of Leaning
and Curriculum. Edificio Bibliotecas, 31009, Pamplona, Spain
Juan José Pons Izquierdo, University of of Navarra, Faculty of Humanites, Department of Geography. Edificio
Bibliotecas, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
Abstract
An important immigration rise occurred in Spain during the last decade of the twentieth century and the first
decade of the twenty-first. The Spanish education system has been affected by this phenomenon. As a result,
both the national government and the governments of the autonomous communities in Spain have developed
measures regarding the access and integration of this population into the educational system. In particular, we
present a statistical analysis of the educational profile of the Moroccan immigrants in the region of Navarra, as
compared to the immigrants from other nationalities and to the native population. For that purpose, we
consider the following educational stages: Pre-primary Education, Primary Education, Secondary Education and
Vocational Training. In connection with these stages we analyze the kind of school in which they are enrolled
(government schools or non-government schools) and the linguistic model they select (Spanish or various
combinations of Spanish and other languages). The first results confirm that the percentage of Moroccan
students enrolled in government schools is much higher than the percentage of the rest of the foreign and
native population enrolled in these schools. Moreover, most Moroccan students pursue their studies in the
linguistic model in which Spanish is prevalent. However, the percentage of Moroccan students who choose the
English Learning Program model is greater than the percentage of students from other nationalities and the
native ones who choose this linguistic model.
Key words: Moroccan migration; Spain; Navarra; educational system; government schools; non-government
schools; linguistic models in schools.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Juan José Pons Izquierdo, University of of Navarra, Faculty of Humanites,
Department of Geography. Edificio Bibliotecas, 31009 Pamplona, Spain.
E-mail address:masotes@unav.es
Development of Mobile Web for the Library

Wei-Hsiang Hung* , Department of Library and Information Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taiwan.
Lih-Juan ChanLin, Department of Library and Information Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taiwan.
Abstract
University library provides information services aimed to fulfill learning and academic research for students and
faculty members. In the age of rapid growing Internet technology, library websites have become a gateway to
knowledge and entrance for readers to access valuable resources and services. With the advancement of the
mobile technology in recent years, more and more library readers have started to access library resources and
services through their mobile devices. The information provided through a traditional website is too complex to
be browsed around with a mobile device and users may also encounter some technical limits as well. Websites
developed for mobile devices might free user's difficulty in reading heavily from traditional web pages. Mobile
web helps overcome difficulties in search of needed information and made information more accessible. For
any libraries, especially university libraries, developing mobile websites is becoming a necessary trend to satisfy
users’ mobile need in exploring world of knowledge. This study provides experiences in developing a mobile
web for the academic library. Users’ applications and reactions toward of the system are analyzed and
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summarized. Technological and implementation issues related to the construction of library mobile web are
discussed. Implications for the study result might provide valuable information for promoting a ubiquitous
library services and information access.
Key words: mobile web, mobile service, ubiquitous library, user services, user-centered design
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Wei-Hsiang Hung, Department of Library and Information Science, Fu-Jen
Catholic University, Taiwan. E-mail address:loghung@gmail.com
Development of Multimedia Learning Application for Self-

Expressive Learning Style: A Inductive Learning Strategy
Nur Azlina Binti Mohamed Mokmin * , Centre of instructional Technology and Multimedia, Universiti Sains
Malaysia, Malaysia.
Abstract
Educators now are looking forward to change the traditional way of teaching and learning by incorporating the
need to attain individual learning style. It is proven by researchers that the individual learns best when there
are personalization in learning. The development of the Math Learning Style Inventory is for assessing
students’ mathematical learning styles. This inventory suggested that mathematics students can have four
different learning styles which are Mastery, Understanding, Self-Expressive and Interpersonal. For this study,
the students with Self-Expressive learning style preference will be presented by Self-Expressive learning
material. A students with this learning style like mathematics problems that allow them to think differently
from the standard routine in the classroom. The Self-Expressive students will use visualizing techniques to solve
the problems, generating possible solutions and exploring alternative to that given problem. In this study, an
inductive learning style has been chosen as a learning strategy in the development of a multimedia application
for learning algebra. A group of 30 polytechnic students that enrolled in an engineering program has been
chosen as respondents for this study. A set of pre-test and post-test has been used to measure the
effectiveness of the learning material in increasing students understanding of the topic. This study shows that
students that were presented with the learning material that mapped to their preferred learning style obtained
better results in the post-test rather than the students that are presented with the randomized learning
material.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Nur Azlina Binti Mohamed Mokmin, Centre of instructional Technology
and Multimedia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia. E-mail address:mrsafifi@gmail.com
Analysis Of Determinants And Factors Motivating Students

In Higher Education: Case Of The Students Of Chemistry At
The Ben M'sik Faculty Of Sciences.
Islam Osma , Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials Hassan II- Casablanca University Ben M'sik Faculty
Fatima Ezzahra Kemal, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials Hassan II- Casablanca University Ben
M'sik Faculty of Sciences Casablanca Morocco
Abstract
In the framework of helping students to regain motivation during their university career, we took the initiative
to analyze the factors and determinants of this motivation for chemistry students at the Ben M’sik Faculty Of
Sciences - Casablanca. In this study we are interested to study the impact of motivation on university career
and choice of formation. 302 chemistry students of different levels from the first year to the Master
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participated in the survey; they are between 18 and 28 years. This study aims to have data on university career
and choice of formation of chemistry students and their levels of motivation. The analysis of these results
shows that taking into account the motivation during orientation and learning process influence positively the
university success and performance of learners.
Key words: university motivation; university career and choice of formation; failure and success; Moroccan
university; teaching chemistry
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Islam Osma, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials Hassan II-
E-mail address:islam.osma@gmail.com
Free Trade Agreement on Education Service:

A Case Study of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University
Sakapas Saengchai *, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand.
Abstract
The Study on Capability Development of Educational Institutions and Free Trade Agreement on Educational
Service: A Case Study of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University aims to study the capability development of
educational institutions to support free trade agreement on educational service in the ASEAN community. The
data collection tools included participating observation, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions.
Informants covered luminaries, executives of the educational institutions and lecturers. It was found from the
study that the free trade agreement on key educational services covers (1) cross border supply in which
educational institutions provide educational services to overseas customers; (2) consumption abroad in which
overseas customers use educational services of Thai educational institutions; (3) commercial presence in which
educational institutions have educational offices abroad; and (4) movement of national persons in which
academic personnel and students are exchanged. The capability development of educational institutions
includes (1) increasing graduate capability to reach international standards; (2) strengthening higher
educational institutions; and (3) enhancing roles of educational institutions in the ASEAN community. English
and other ASEAN languages have been set in educational systems. Collaborations with ASEAN countries on
academic personnel and student exchange, research, training, curriculum and higher educational system
development, have been created. As a result, the capability of Thai higher educational institutions will increase.
Having high-potential personnel and modern teaching method, as well as producing qualified graduates will
enhance competitiveness at an international level.
Key words: ASEAN community; Free Trade Agreement on Educational Service; Institution
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sakapas Saengchai, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand.
E-mail address:sakapas.sa.@ssru.ac.th
Students Exploration on Campus Legibility

Yelda Aydin Turk, Black Sea Technical University, Department of City and Regional Planning, 61080, Trabzon
Beyza Sen, Black Sea Technical University, Department of City and Regional Planning, 61080, Trabzon
Aysegul Ozyavuz*,Black Sea Technical University, Department of Architecture, 61080, Trabzon
Abstract
University Campuses are significant functional areas of cities. Successfully designed campuses help to balance
university’s academic, research and service missions with its educational services and raise learning
performances. Campuses' high level of design and planning service has close relation with its legibility. Kevin
Lynch, one of the leading theorists who had research on place legibility used cognitive mapping as a tool and
defined five fundamental elements, have great influence on place legibility.
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In this study, Black Sea Technical University is selected as the research area and its legibility level has
determined. Aim of this study is to define the legibility level of the campus by students perceptions. In this
context, Lynch's five fundamental legibility elements directed students to generate cognitive maps of the
campus, and each student's perception level on campus area is determined.
Respondent group include students from Architecture, and Urban and Regional Planning departments have
contributed this study. End product is the analysis of the cognitive maps, produced by each student, based on
legibility elements. The result of the analysis legibility map of the campus has created, and the legibility level of
the campus area is determined. Following, the results are classified as the areas with high, medium and low
cognition. Finally, possibility of raising university’s educational and research activities through design are
discussed.
Key words: University Campus; Legibility; Campus Planning and Design
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Aysegul Ozyavuz, Black Sea Technical University, Department of

Architecture, 61080, Trabzon. E-mail address:aydinturkyelda@gmail.com
Examination of awareesses of teacher candidates regarding

measurement and evaluaton lesson
Fazilet Taşdemir*,Faculty of Educational, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, 53200,Turkey
Abstract
Therefore the aim of the research is to examine the awareness of teacher candidates about measurement and
evaluation lesson which will play an important role in their professional lives. Research group consists of 95
teachers having this lesson in education faculty. As data collection tool, interview form and personal
information form, which were developed by researcher, were used. In the analysis of the data, descriptive
statistics, percentage and frequency were used. Their opinions were determined in light of this information,
frequency and percentages of data obtained in the applied interview form were calculated and submitted with
the help of table and graphs. 93% of the teacher candidates think that measurement and evaluation is the most
important lesson in the faculty, 88% of them think that measurements which don’t have constant and
systematic errors are certainly necessary for objective evaluation, 75% of them emphasized that measurement
methods of reliability coefficients which are used in determination of the reliability of measurement tool is
important and due to the difficulty of these calculations only 16% of them stated that they will perform these
calculations. 96% of the candidates stated that their knowledge about measurement and evaluation before
taking the lesson significantly improved at the end of the lesson and that a positive awareness was formed.
Candidates stated that measurement is a part of evaluation and that their learning about the points to consider
about item writing and how measurements without errors will be made, caused them to question how they
were evaluated until that day.
Key words: Measurement and evaluation, teacher candidates.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Fazilet Taşdemir, Faculty of Educational, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University,
Rize, 53200,Turkey. E-mail address:fazilet1981@gmail.com
Requirement Analysis For A Higher Education Decision

Support System. Evidence From A Romanian University
Vasile Gorgan* , Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
Abstract
In recent years, under the impact of social needs development and labour market transformations, universities
have begun to increasingly realize that they are involved in a fierce competition. They also begin to accumulate
significant amounts of student-level data that could help them to obtain useful information, including far more
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detailed benchmarking than is currently available and that they can use to better position themselves in the
market. In this context there is an obvious need of tools that supports decision making processes and offers
highly accurate information. On the other hand data driven decision support system are mature technologies
that have proven their effectiveness in business and management. Starting from the premise that almost
everyone from a university is feeling pressure to measure, analyze and report on various aspects of the
educational process, our study aims by using interviews as research methods to identify decision-making
process, knowledge sources, information needs and the extent to what these information needs are currently
satisfied by the information systems of a university from Romania. These requirements will serve as starting
point for the development of a data driven decision support system for higher education
Key words: data driven decision support system, higher education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Vasile Gorgan, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest,

Romania. E-mail address:vasile.gorgan@cig.ase.ro
Influencing Cyber Laboratory Conceptual Change Through

Laboratory Learning
Ammara Ittipongse*,Applied Physics Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat
University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand.
Idhisak Sridam,Computer Technology Department, Faculty of Science and Technology,Pathumwan Institute of
Technology, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to investigate the influence of cyber laboratory conceptual change
through laboratory learning of the Newton’s second laws of motion along a straight line. The study was
conducted by evaluating 80/80 educational efficiency, examining what conceptual change took places when
students were introduced to the basics of experimentation through the cyber laboratory. Finally, the
satisfaction toward the cyber lab was earned by students. Instructional experiments of 3 hours were conducted
employing 38 students, a purposive sampling group was selected from first year science students’ program of
the faculty Science and Technology of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University.The findings were: the cyber
laboratory demonstrated educational efficiency of 82.44/80.03; the students’ post-test achievements on
conceptual change were significantly higher than their pre-test; and the students’ satisfaction of the cyber
laboratory were at a good level of quantity.
Key words: Conceptual change; cyber laboratory; Newton’s Law; satisfaction
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ammara Ittipongse, Applied Physics Department, Faculty of Science and
Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand.
E-mail address:ammara.it@ssru.ac.th
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The impact of emotionality on the attitude towards the
learning process at Romanian preadolescents
Roxana Urea*, Bucharest University, 90 Panduri Street, District 5 Bucharest, P.O. 050663, Romania.
Abstract
The emotionality is an intense subject of today’s researches in the field of psychology.

The paper tried to reveal the influence that the emotionality profile has upon attitude towards the learning
process at Romanian preadolescents.
The research' outcomes allowed us to see some features of emotionality at Romanian preadolescents and how
these features influence the pupil' attitudes towards learning process.
Key words: emotionality, attitudes towards learning proces, sociability, preadolescents,classroom

management
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Roxana Urea, Bucharest University, 90 Panduri Street, District 5 Bucharest,
P.O. 050663, Romania.E-mail address:roxanaurea@yahoo.com
Analyzing the Awareness of the Pre Service Teachers’

Towards the Democracy Inclusion in Education
Ece Yolcu* , Cukurova University, Faculty of Education, Department of Educational Sciences, Balcalı, Adana,
Turkey.
Abstract
Democracy has a significant place in education as known and there are two approaches towards the way of
involving democracy in education; democracy education and democratic education. The general aim of this
study is to analyze the views of pre-service teachers in the faculty of education towards democracy and also
their awareness regarding the difference between “democracy education” and “democratic education” as well
as the real content of these two concepts. The 100 pre-service teachers from Cukurova University were asked
open-ended questions in written format. For data analysis, the answers were coded via content analysis.
According to the answers, it was revealed that the pre-service teachers were aware of the democracy and its
requirements in education and knew the distinction between two ways of inclusion
Key words: democracy education, democratic education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ece Yolcu, Cukurova University, Faculty of Education, Department of

Educational Sciences, Balcalı, Adana, Turkey.E-mail address:eduser@cu.edu.tr
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A Toolbox for Teaching Image Fusion in Matlab
İrfan Kösesoy,Yalova University, Çınarcık Yolu Merkez Yerleşke, 77200, Yalova, Turkiye
Müfit Çetin, Yalova University, Çınarcık Yolu Merkez Yerleşke, 77200, Yalova, Turkiye
Abdulkadir Tepecik, Yalova University,Çınarcık Yolu Merkez Yerleşke, 77200, Yalova, Turkiye
Abstract
In the study, an interface toolbox for image fusion (IFT) is developed and implemented of using the Matlab
programming language. MATLAB developed by MathWorks is suitable for rapid application development and
also its scope is scripts and functions can be run as m-files in the open source program Octave. In program, the
interface toolbox is created to integrate from different types of satellite images to a single enhanced image.
This image fusion toolbox is useful at the undergraduate students to understand the results of the image
enhancements technique and the integration of remotely sensed images.
Key words: image fusion, IHS, multi resolution analysis, remote sensing
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:İrfan Kösesoy, Yalova University, Çınarcık Yolu Merkez Yerleşke, 77200,
Yalova, Turkiye. E-mail address:irfan.kosesoy@yalova.edu.tr
Using Electronic Medias for Science Mathematic and English

in School under Office of the Basic Education Commission,
Thailand
Sirilak Areerachakul*, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10300,
Thailand
Abstract
This study aims to increase the learning ability of students under the jurisdiction of the Office of The Basic
Education Commission (Ministry of Education) through electronic english media. The media are used in
science, mathematics and english classes in order to prepare the students for the ASEAN Community. The
media can also benefit the students’ communities in the long run. The comparison of the achievement test
results before and after the use of media was made.
It was found that the students’ learning ability in the three subjects after the use of media increased by 27.67%
and according to a questionnaire that assessed the satisfaction of 60 school administrators, 90 teachers and
3,600 students towards the media used, the administrators’ satisfaction was high (the mean was 4.45 and the
standard deviation was 0.55), the teachers’ was also high (the mean was 4.30 and the standard deviation was
0.73) and the students’ was high as well (the mean was 4.93 and the standard deviation was 0.82). To evaluate
users’ satisfaction, questionnaires based on Technology Acceptance Model were performed to gather data
from 3,750 users. The result reveals that users (the mean was of 4.30 and the standard deviation was 0.52)
were satisfied with the electric media. It can be concluded that the electronic media used in science,
mathematics and english classes served as effective teaching aids.
Key words: Electronic Medias; Training; Student
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sirilak Areerachakul, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha
Rajabhat University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand. E-mail address:sirilak.ar@ssru.ac.th
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What’s in a culture? What’s in a novel?
Linda Green*,Middle Georgia State College, Macon, Georgia, 31206, USA
Gul Celkan, Middle Georgia State College, Macon, Georgia, 31206, USA
Abstract
Cultural heritage, as an evolving pattern of human interaction, vitalizes members of society. And in our present
day world where globalization plays a major role, cultural studies, rather than adherence to literary studies,
have gained significance. Thus there has been a trend to shift from traditional literary studies to cultural
studies, which takes us to the concept around which this paper is formed. The novel Tales from the Expat
Harem: Foreign Women in Modern Turkey by Anastasia Ashman and Jennifer Eaton Gokmen was used and
students were asked to write briefly what they learned about the Turkish culture, and their overall views on the
book. Interestingly enough, almost all of them believed the book exposed them to a culture they had no prior
knowledge about, and a good number of them thought they should follow the footsteps of the expats and
immerse themselves in new cultures.
Key words:culture;Turkish culture; Expat harem; expats; student responses
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Linda Green, Middle Georgia State College, Macon, Georgia, 31206, USA.
E-mail address:lindagreen44@att.net
Linguocultural Aspects Of Numerology In Kazakh And

Chinese Languages
Dossymbekova Rauan, Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi, Faculty of Oriental Studies, Almaty,
al-Farabi 71, 050040, Kazakhsta
Daulet Fatimabibi,Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi, Faculty of Oriental Studies, Almaty, al-
Farabi 71, 050040, Kazakhsta
Kenzhebaeva Aida,Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi, Faculty of Oriental Studies, Almaty, al-
Akhmetbek Gulzhan,Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi, Faculty of Oriental Studies, Almaty, al-
Zeinolla Zhanat,Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi, Faculty of Oriental Studies, Almaty, al-Farabi
71, 050040, Kazakhsta
Abstract
At all times the numbers were an important part of people's culture. Where there are people there are always
numbers and digital system. In turn, the figures included in any field of science and serve it. So linguistics is no
exception. This paper discusses the figures which were the basis of the spiritual world of the Kazakhs and
Chinese, namely the mysterious sacred figures to determine their function in the life of people and open the
subtle secret of their world view. In the paper we consider the numbers "one", "two", "three", "four" and
explore their history of origin and etymology. Through the study of digital systems define their particular
knowledge of numbers, concepts and features of the symbols. Thus we can see the similarities and differences
in the digital world of historically neighboring two countries.
Key words: Linguocultural aspects, sacred numbers, etymology, world view, meaning, tradition, similarity.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Dossymbekova Rauan, Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi,
Faculty of Oriental Studies, Almaty, al-Farabi 71, 050040, Kazakhstan.
E-mail address:deniz.ozcan@awer-center.org/ Tel.: +90 (392)- 223-64-64
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Methodological issues of teaching the self-defensive heroic
battles of 1915
Armine Eprikyan *, Eprikyan, Armenia
Abstract
The publication of this article has one aim: to use the scientifically proved historical information about the self-
defensive heroic fights of 1915 as means to contribute the development of national self-consciousness and
patriotic education among high-school pupils.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Armine Eprikyan, Eprikyan, Armenia.

E-mail address:rauan-d@mail.ru
CAREER PERCEPTIONS OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: A

METAPHORICAL ANALYSIS
Ali Korkut* , Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
Abstract
‘Career’ draws attention as one of the ‘most favorite' expressions of the work life students will come face to
face after their graduation. Students' perceptions of career, a holistic phenomenon describing all experience
and accomplishments gained throughout their education and work life, may have impact on their relationships
in the workplace and influence or play an important role on their perspectives regarding the administrative and
leadership practice. The purpose of this paper is to study the university students’ career perceptions through
metaphors. The work group is constituted by 125 students at the Department of Business Administration,
Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Dicle University in 2013-2014 educational year. Qualitative
data collection techniques were used in the research. Participants' perception regarding the concept of career
was collected using a sentence: "Career is…………like ........... because .......". The relationship between the
subject and the source is identified by an expression ‘like’; and the background of the metaphorical imagination
is evaluated by the word ‘because’. In this research was used phenomenological design, along with a qualitative
research method. The analysis and interpretation process of the metaphors follows (1) metaphor identification,
(2) the classification of the metaphors, (3) the category development, (4) the validity and reliability.
Quantitative data were analyzed in SPSS. Content analysis technique was used in data analyses. As a result of
the data analyses, it was observed that a total of 70 metaphors were developed under the 5 categories.
Participants mostly have positive metaphors regarding career so that they have positive imaginations in mind.
Key words: Career metaphors, metaphor analysis, careers, college students
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ali Korkut, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey.

E-mail address:alikorkut@yahoo.co.uk
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Devising new kinds of communication skills: The European
project CoMoViWo
Carmen Pérez-Sabater, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia 46022, Spain
Mervi Varhelahti, Turku University of Applied Sciences, Turku 20520, Finland
Begoña Montero-Fleta, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia 46022, Spain
Amparo García-Carbonell, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia 46022, Spain
Penny MacDonald, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia 46022, Spain
Abstract
This article presents CoMoViWo, an ongoing European project that aims at modernizing education at Higher
Education Institutions (HEIs), vocational institutions and enterprises in order to meet the needs of virtual and
mobile work. The innovative character of this project is embedded in the combination of mobile and virtual
communication, new technologies, multiculturalism and collaboration of and with enterprises. The difference
phases of the project will undertake a review on communication literacy, the design of the virtual training
modules, their piloting and their revision. The project results and outcomes will benefit the various actors
dealing with virtual and mobile communication in multicultural environments and will also contribute to
improve the employability needs of students and the success of enterprises in the global market.
Key words: virtual communication; workplace languag; intercultural working environments; language learning
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Carmen Pérez-Sabater, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia 46022,

Spain. E-mail address:cperezs@idm.upv.es
Students’ level of critical thinking, supportive behaviors and

types of questions in an online forum learning environment
Syahida Husna Rusdi, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
Irfan Naufal Umar, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
Abstract
Of late, online learning is widely used in many institutions of higher education. One of the tools of online
learning is online forum which can be found in any learning management system. An online forum requires
active participation from the students in enhancing their learning. Therefore, it is interesting to investigate how
online forum discussion benefits the students’ cognitive level and how each participant supports each other
through the messages posted. This study will investigate three important aspects related to the posts
contributed by the forum participants: (i) their levels of critical thinking, involving either recognize, understand,
analyze, evaluate, or create, (ii) the types of questions posted, and (iii) the supportive behaviors in terms of
scaffolding and engaging comments as indicated by those messages. A content analysis method was used to
analyze the transcript or messages of an online forum discussion involving 41 postgraduate students
undertaking an educational technology course from a public university in Malaysia. Based on the 190 messages
posted, the findings show that their levels of critical thinking are still mainly at the lower level, i.e., Understand
level (40.5%) and Analyze level (29.0%). In addition, 33 questions were posted by the participants, with
Courselink (42.4%) and Brainstorm (27.3%) as the most frequent questions posed. Also, there are 142 posts
which indicate supportive behaviors, with Salutations (47.2%), and Thanks (36.6%) as the most observed
behaviors.
Key words: content analysis; critical thinking; learning management system; online forum; supportive behaviors
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Syahida Husna Rusdi, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
E-mail address:irfan@usm.my
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Co-operation with Parents: Class Teachers´ Perception
Zorica Stanisavljević-Petrović, University of Niš, Faculty of Philosophy, Ćirila i Metodija 2, 18000 Niš, Serbia
Slađana Anđelković, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Geography, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Beolgarde, Serbia
Maja Vračar, University of Niš, Faculty of Philosophy, Ćirila i Metodija 2, 18000 Niš, Serbia, University of
Belgrade, Faculty of Geography, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Beolgarde, Serbia
Abstract
Co-operation with parents is an important aspect of a successful functioning of schools, and it depends to a
great extent on teachers, i.e. class teachers. Class teachers, as initiators and creators of various forms of co-
operation with parents, use different approaches and topics in order to ensure functional co-operation
between families and respective schools.
The central topic of the research was the co-operation between parents and class teachers. The main goal of
this research was to determine the working agenda and the forms of co-operation between class teachers and
parents in our school practices. In the research the authors applied the descriptive method, and the main tool
was a questionnaire constructed specifically for the purposes of this research. The results of the research
obtained through the sample of 242 class teachers testify that, regarding their co-operation with parents, the
said teachers usually resort to individual conversations. The next most commonly used forms of co-operation
are Open House activities and parent-teacher conferences, while some other forms of co-operation are present
to a much lesser extent. The themes/working agendas are related to students´ success, while the least
discussed topics are those regarding parental styles and unacceptable behaviour prevention. Through the
research it has been determined that there is a statistically significant difference in the results regarding the
independent variable, which is the stage of education on which teachers work. The conclusions of the research
confirm the hypotheses that in communication with parents class teachers usually resort to traditional forms of
co-operation, that they are rather inert regarding the choice of topics, i.e. working agenda, and that they rarely
apply some specific forms of co-operation. One of the suggestions is to extend the competencies of class
teachers through professional improvement for the purposes of obtaining information on various forms of co-
operation, topics and agendas which can be applied in the school practice.
Key words: class teachers; parents; co-operation; working forms and agendas
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Zorica Stanisavljević-Petrović, University of Niš, Faculty of Philosophy,

Ćirila i Metodija 2, 18000 Niš, Serbia. E-mail address:zorica.stanisavljevic.petrovic@filfak.ni.ac.rs
Improving Industrial Design through Hands-on

Experimentation
Camil Octavian Milincu*, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, “Politehnica” University Timisoara, str. Traian
Lalescu nr. 2, Timisoara 300223, Romania
Irina Feier, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, “Politehnica” University Timisoara, str. Traian Lalescu nr. 2,
Timisoara 300223, Romania
Abstract
Industrial production is inevitably heading towards the Intelligent Factory. The role of the designer lies in
exploiting the adaptability of robotic manufacturing process to the customers’ individual requirements. The
frame is defined by intellectual capabilities of the designer, CAD modeling capability and limitations of both
physical and financial aspects of robotized production.
The young generation of designers are aware of this phenomenon, preparing predominantly in CAD modeling.
However, simple models are created, which is mainly due to exercise using CAD software with limited modeling
capability, or requiring large amount of time for modeling and modification. Even though works and methods
of design of the masters of the Studio Furniture movement are acclaimed, students perceive them as outdated
and impractical.
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The research focuses on the opportunity of reintroducing design study through direct contact with the material
in classes of the Faculty of Architecture - Furniture specialization. These studies should supplement CAD
modeling during design and prototype building.
The study involves a group of students and young designers and monitors formal language changes that occur
when they are required to model components for a furniture piece using hand tools
Key words: design studio, prototype, teaching
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Camil Octavian Milincu, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism,

“Politehnica” University Timisoara, str. Traian Lalescu nr. 2, Timisoara 300223, Romania.
E-mail address:milincucamil@yahoo.com
The Comparison of the journal’s subscription and Journal

Usage in Academic resource Center.
SiripornPoolsuwan*, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok,
10300, Thailand
RatanavadeeTakergsukvatana,Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University,
Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
Abstract
This research aims at investigating and analyzing Thai language and foreign languages journals in use of
Academic Resource Center, in case of SuanSunandhaRajabhat University, Thailand as well asto study the
worthiness of journal’s subscription. Data is gatheredfrom 229 titles of Thai language journals and 81 titles of
foreign language journals by in-house journal usage statistics for 2 periods, each period is 10 days. The
quantitative approach uses in this research by mean of percentage, means and Spearman’s correlation
coefficient. Findings show that(1) 85 titles of Thai language journals was used 1,240 times, while 912 times was
used in the second periods, and 25 titles of foreign language journals was used 316 times in the first period of
study but 201 times was used in the second period. The frequent use of Thai language journal in both periods
accounted for 80.63% and 19.37% was for foreign language journal. The date of the publications of the most
frequency used for both Thai language journal and foreign language journal was 0-1 years (age 2 years). The
time of the both journal’s using wasbetween 11.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m. The correlation of both journals that was
used in the periods of the study was no significance. (2) an average price of 310 journal usage was 320.14 baht
each, but only 86 titles less than 320.14 baht each and 18 titles having higher than 320.14baht each. There are
206 titles have not been in use in the period of the study.
Key words: Journal, Journal usage, journal’s subscription
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Siriporn Poolsuwan, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Suan
Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand.
E-mail address:siriporn.po@ssru.ac.th
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Comparison Of 12-Year Comsulsory Education In Turkey And
Kazakhsan
Yücel Gelişli, Gazi University Faculty of Education Department of Educational Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
Lyazzat Beisenbayeva, Gazi University Education Sciences Institutes Phd Students Ankara, Turkey.
Abstract
The aim of this study is to compare the structure of compulsory education in Turkey and Kazakhstan. The study
is descriptive. Laws, legislations, and practices regarding compulsory education in Turkey and Kazakhstan will
be analyzed and a comparison between the practices of both will be compared in this study.
It took a long time before raising compulsory education to eight years in Turkey. This change is initiated with
Primary Education Law, No. 222 entered into force in 1961; however, intermittent education became
compulsory in the whole country with the law No. 4306.
Reconstruction started after Kazakhstan gained independence and education system was influenced by those
changes. After gaining independence, reform movements regarding higher education and compulsory
education were initiated. Education was compulsory for 11 years and the school system was formed as general
middle education. There are 8573 schools that serve approximately 3 million students. With law No. 861
entered into force in 2006, compulsory education was raised to 11 years. In the same year, compulsory
education has been structured as 4+5+2 and pilot studies are planned to be held in the country between 2006
and 2016. Still, there are pilot studies in 107 schools.
While compulsory education for 12 years has been adopted for the whole country in Turkey in 2012-2013, pilot
studies have started in 2006 in Kazakhstan Republic and it is aimed to generalize the practice to the country
based on the results of pilot studies after 2016.
Key words: Education, Compulsory Education, Duration of Compulsory Education, Compulsory Education
Process
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Yücel Gelişli, Gazi University Faculty of Education Department of

Educational Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.E-mail address:gelisli@gazi.edu.tr
Association of Interest in Receiving Information, Society's

Support and Energy Saving Responsibility with Energy-
saving Behavior of the Nursing Students at The Royal Thai
Navy College of Nursing
Vacharaporn Choeisuwan* , Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing, Bangkok 10600, Thailand
Abstract
The study was a descriptive research which aimed at studying the association of interest in receiving
information, society's support and energy saving responsibility with energy-saving behavior of 177 nursing
students in academic year 2012 at the Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing. The research tool was a
questionnaire which was tested in terms of content validity by 3 experts. The reliability was measured by
means of Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient method. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and
Pearson's Product
Moment Correlation Coefficient. The results reflected as following:
1. The energy-saving behaviors of the nursing students in the dimensions of energysaving knowledge, attitude
and action were at high level;
2. The students' interest to receive information was at moderate while the society's support and responsibility
in terms of energy-saving were at high level;
3. The association of interest in receiving information, society's support and energy saving responsibility with
attitude and energy-saving behavior was positively at the moderate level with the statistical significance
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at .05 level.
Key words: Energy-saving Behavior, nursing students
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Vacharaporn Choeisuwan, Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing, Bangkok
10600, Thailand. E-mail address:kungvach@yahoo.com
Teaching University Physics by using Interactive Science

Simulations methods
Thanat Krobthong* , Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1U-thong Nok
Rd., Dusit District, Bangkok 10300, Thailand.
Abstract
This research aimed to study and compare the achievement of the students of the Faculty of Science and
Technology who took the Fundamentals of Physics Course. They were randomized into either the treatment or
control group taught by Interactive Science Simulations and the traditional methods, respectively. The
arithmetic mean and variance of pretest scores of both groups had no statistically significant difference at a
level of .05. The examination of Fundamentals of Physics Course was administered to the samples after the 15-
week experiment. Then, the arithmetic mean of the posttest scores of both groups was compared using the t-
test. The results revealed that the treatment and control groups’ percentages of arithmetic mean were 63.46
and 52.41, respectively. Meanwhile, the standard deviations of the former and latter groups were 4.94 and
4.47, respectively. Therefore, the treatment group’s achievement in the Fundamentals of Physics Course was
significantly higher than the control group at a level of .05.
Key words: Interactive Science Simulations
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Thanat Krobthong, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha
Rajabhat University, 1U-thong Nok Rd., Dusit District, Bangkok 10300, Thailand.
E-mail address:thanatkt@gmail.com
The Importance of Intercultural Education in Developmental Age

Serena Sani* , Department of Humanities, Social and Educational Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso
86100, Italy
Abstract
The multicultural society has inevitably led to the coexistence of people from different worlds and with
mentalities, traditions and habits that may diverge significantly from those to which we usually refer. The
multicultural reality has not yet been accepted by all and even less valued. So we need to find those roads that
can promote the growth of an open mentality able to welcome diversity and to create a real intercultural
dimension. Since in a cross-cultural context the relational dimension acquires a particular importance, it is
essential to consider the social dimension of the child and the role of the educational figures that revolve
around him. In order to clarify the issues that may arise in the integration of foreign children, I want to
emphasize how crucial the role of the educator is in facilitating their academic inclusion. For the purposes of
the current analysis, I adopted the method of theoretical research and I examined the extensive literature on
the subject.
Key words: intercultural education, children, academic inclusion
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Serena Sani, Department of Humanities, Social and Educational Sciences,
University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy. E-mail address:serena.sani@unimol.it
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The Academic Inclusion of Immigrant Students
Serena Sani* , Department of Humanities, Social and Educational Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso
86100, Italy
Abstract
The statistics collected in the last few years in Italy reveal that the massive attendance of foreign children in
schools requires urgent educational intervention in the intercultural sense.
The school has a social organization that continuously puts in place relational dynamics. Therefore, it is the
privileged place to promote respect for diversity and to foster cultural and civic development of those who, in
the near future, will be the main protagonists of our society. For this reason, this article focuses primarily on
the school and on the eventual arising problems, considering the complexity of this issue. The purpose of this
article is, first of all, to provide some pedagogical orientations through the examination of the existing
literature on this subject. Secondly, the aim is to propose some possible reflections on the anthropological,
political and socio-cultural issues, connected with the problem of immigration and the Italian society evolution,
that may be useful for developing intercultural education path in all its specific phases.
Key words: intercultural education, school, teacher's role, foreign students
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Serena Sani, Department of Humanities, Social and Educational Sciences,
University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy. E-mail address:serena.sani@unimol.it
The views of head teachers on risk management

İzzet DÖŞ, Assit. Prof. Dr.,Sutcu Imam University, 46040, Turkey
Mahmut SAĞIR, Assit. Prof. Dr.,Sutcu Imam University, 46040, Turkey
Remzi Burçin ÇETİN*, Assit. Prof. Dr.,Sutcu Imam University, 46040, Turkey
Abstract
Schools as one of most complicated organizations are always open to any source of problems. When we
consider the stakeholders of schools then we can conclude that there are numerous cases which are small
problems at the beginning and then suddenly become crisis or even turn into a chaos. The main objective of
this study is to collect such cases from the first hand, school managers. We used an interview form to collect
these experiences and then just analyse them. Here, you may find 6 of such experiences out of 30 collected and
we tried to reveal possible crises and chaos sources and how they cope with them.
Key words: School crisis; problems; chaos, case experiences
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Remzi Burçin ÇETİN, Assit. Prof. Dr.,Sutcu Imam University, 46040, Turkey.
E-mail address:burcincetin@gmail.com
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Carbon Footprint of Environmental Science Students in
Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Thailand
Tatsanawalai Utaraskul* , Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-thong
Nok Road, Dusit 10300, Bangkok, Thailand.
Abstract
Carbon footprint of 35 students in Environmental Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan
Sunandha Rajabhat University (SSRU) were measured based on web base Thai carbon footprint calculator
program of Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (TGO). The program was evaluated based on 3
criteria which are transportation, food consumption and energy consumption by using electric appliances. The
results revealed that students generate greenhouse gas emissions between 0.39 – 8.25 tC02e/yr. An average
GHG emission is approximately 2.16 t C02e/yr. The mainly student’s activities generated greenhouse gas were
using electric appliance 1.05 tC02e/yr follow by food consumption 0.7 tC02e/yr and transportation 0.4 tC02e/yr,
respectively. The greenhouse gas emission from transportation was less than other activities according to the
student’s lifestyle. Mostly, students in SSRU stay nearby the university area and travel by public transportation.
Key words: Carbon footprint, Undergraduate student, Thailand
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Tatsanawalai Utaraskul, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Suan

Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-thong Nok Road, Dusit 10300, Bangkok, Thailand.
E-mail address:Tatsanawalai.ut@ssru.ac.th
Classsifying Daily Problems of School Managers

İzzet DÖŞ, Assit. Prof. Dr.,Sutcu Imam University, 46040, Turkey
Mahmut SAĞIR, Assit. Prof. Dr.,Sutcu Imam University, 46040, Turkey
Remzi Burçin ÇETİN*, Assit. Prof. Dr.,Sutcu Imam University, 46040, Turkey
Abstract
Schools are open systems and this leads them to include much heavier duties for managers. It can be
concluded that managers at a school, headteacher and his deputies, have to cope with many differen oriented
problems and even crisis. The main motivation for this study is to reveal sources and solutions of most common
problems at a school in its daily routines. While revealing these experiences we tried to sort them in short, mid
and long term duties. We found that student and technical problems are short term, whereas staff and parent
oriented ones are mid term, and finally if the problem is caused by organizational structure or policy based
then it can be said to be long term one.
Key words: School crisis; problems; short, mid and long term duties
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Remzi Burçin ÇETİN, Assit. Prof. Dr.,Sutcu Imam University, 46040, Turkey
E-mail address:burcincetin@gmail.com
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Bullies and victims: A charming education to cope with
distress
Francesca Saliceti* , Department of Humanities, Social Sciences and Educational, University of Molise,
Campobasso 86100, Italy
Abstract
Recent years have been marked by the unexpected pace with which changes happen in every aspect of life
constantly transforming the horizons of meaning, thereby disorientation and confusion create a “distress”
affecting not only adults, but also young people. In all countries, the main issue spotted is, indeed, the
exponential increase of young malaise arising in every direction: bullying, drugs, alcohol abuse, and everything
else. In particular, bullying is increasing, a phenomenon marked out by recurring and continuing abuse actions.
It has become quite evident that the present period of changes requires the need of more incisive educational
strategies in formal and informal education in order to give to the new generations a better understanding of
present issues, with their social and individual effects, and a “healthy” growth.
Key words: Bullies - Victims, Affectivity, Changes formal and informal education, Innovation
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Francesca Saliceti, Department of Humanities, Social Sciences and

Educational, University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy. E-mail address:sali49@libero.it
The problems young learners encounter during listening

skills
Hande Yılmaz* ,Türkan Şoray İlkokulu, Rumelihisarüstü Sarıyer, İstanbul/Turkey

Fatih Yavuz, Türkan Şoray İlkokulu, Rumelihisarüstü Sarıyer, İstanbul/Turkey
Serhat Akyüz, Türkan Şoray İlkokulu, Rumelihisarüstü Sarıyer, İstanbul/Turkey
Özgür Çelik, Türkan Şoray İlkokulu, Rumelihisarüstü Sarıyer, İstanbul/Turkey
Nuriye Değirmenci Uysal, Türkan Şoray İlkokulu, Rumelihisarüstü Sarıyer, İstanbul/Turkey
Abstract
Listening is still a handicap for EFL learners though it seems a skill not hard to handle. There are many various
causes that many students in Turkey complain during the comprehending stage of the listening texts. This study
aims to examine the frequency of the problems seen in three listening categories of the problems based on
teachers, the problems based on students’ own strategies and the problems based on learner psychology. After
these categories are separately examined, the outcomes of a study conducted in a Turkish public primary
school are shared. The results of this study and the problems to overcome the problems in listening in EFL
classes are also discussed
Key words: listening problems; efl learners; young learners; Turkish learners
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Hande Yılmaz, Türkan Şoray İlkokulu, Rumelihisarüstü Sarıyer,

İstanbul/Turkey. E-mail address:handeyilmaz10@gmail.com
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Status of Total Electric Energy Consumption in University
Orrawan Rewthong*, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-Thong Nok
Busarin Eamthanakul, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-Thong Nok
Siwimol Chuarung, Academic Evironment Scholar, Physical Plant and Service Section , Suan Sunandha Rajabhat
University, 1 U-Thong Nok Road, Dusit, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
Sansanee Sansiribhan, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-Thong Nok
Narun Luewarasirikul, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-Thong Nok
Abstract
The objective of this research was to study the status of the total energy consumption in terms of the total
electric energy consumption (unit of kWh), specific energy consumption (SEC) and energy utilization index (EUI)
in Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand in 2012-2014. The data of the electric energy
consumption in 2012-2014 and the total area of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University were collected. It was
observed that the total area of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University was about 128,001.14 square meters (m2).
It was divided to two parts which were an air conditioner area and non-air conditioner area approximately
89,286.04 and 38,715.10 m2, respectively. It was found that the total electric energy consumptions in 2012-
2014 were increase about 10 % in each year. It influenced to increased the specific energy consumption (unit of
MJ/m2) about 10 % in each year. The total electric energy consumption was mostly used for the air conditioner
system, lighting system and elevator system. Therefore, it might to have energy conservation measure for the
air conditioner system, lighting system and elevator system.
Key words: energy consumption; specific energy consumption; energy utilization index
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Orrawan Rewthong, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha
Rajabhat University, 1 U-Thong Nok Road, Dusit, Bangkok 10300, Thailand.
E-mail address:sivapan.ch@ssru.ac.th
The methaphorical analogies of the candidate teachers of social

studies who haven’t been assigned in Turkey
Sevgi Çoşkun Keskin* , Turkey.
Yusuf Keskin, Turkey.
Abstract
Today, there are 45 Social Studies departments in education faculties in Turkey. As of 2014, the number of
those who have graduated and have been waiting to be assigned is 22.267, and the number of those who have
been assigned is 1250. About 18.000 Social studies teachers couldn’t be/ haven’t been assigned. In this study,
the thoughts of the teachers who haven’t been assigned are presented using metaphorical analogies. In the
study, phenomenological methods of qualitative research were carried out. In this context, using maximum
variation sampling, 30 social studies teachers graduated from 12 different universities were interviewed.
During the interviews, metaphors were used. The descriptive analyses were used to analyze the data. The data
were coded by researchers through discussion and thematized. The main thoughts and feelings behind these
metaphors are: 1- Obtaining no return from their education, 2- wasting effort 3- Feeling unconfident/Being
insulted, 4- Self-pity and the others’ feelings of mercy towards them/hopelessness, 5- Considering themselves
as useless and consuming people, 6- Loss of feelings, 7- Feeling of inequality., 8- Doing any work to survive, 9-
Presuming/Misuse of their efforts ,10- Taking no advantage of the educated people.
Key words: teachers who haven’t been assigned, social studies teacher, metaphor, paid teachers
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sevgi Çoşkun Keskin, Turkey.

E-mail address:scoskun@sakarya.edu.tr
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Educate for creativity: new educational strategies
Francesca Saliceti*, Department of Humanities, Social Sciences and Educational, University of Molise,
Abstract
Today’s society is not longer integrated on the base of universally-recognized common values and moral rules,
but it has produced an immense pluralism of models and behaviours– precursors of the uncertainty and
unpredictability. The inability to gain knowledge of ultimate goals is also the reason of adult’s role and
education system crises. Thereby, it is essential that schools take a challenge and develop new dimensions for
teaching and learning methods. Schools should play a “transactional” role for the benefit of students, creating
new ways of communicate and more innovative educational strategies marked out by relationships and, above
all, by a creative and charming teaching. Educating students for autonomy, sociality, critical sensibility and,
above all, for creativity is a way to help them to develop a critical thinking – basic prerequisite to learn new
knowledge and, more then anything, to start new behaviours.
Key words: Creativity, Education, Innovation, New educational strategies.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Francesca Saliceti, Department of Humanities, Social Sciences and

Educational, University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy. E-mail address:sali49@libero.it
The Application of Figurative Arts’ Capabilities In The Art-

Pedagogical Activity of A Teacher
Berikzhan Almukhambetov,Dostyk av., #13, Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abai, the City
of Almaty, 050010, The Republic of Kazakhstan
Medeubek Tanirbergenov, A. Baytursynov str., #13, South Kazakhstan State Pedagogical Institute, the City of
Shymkent, 160012, The Republic of Kazakhstan
Zhanar Nebessayeva*, Dostyk av., #13, Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abai, the City of
Almaty, 050010, The Republic of Kazakhstan
Abstract
The article considers the issues of figurative arts’ capabilities in the context of the conceptual field of the art-
pedagogical activity of a teacher. The effect of the processes present at social and economical, informational,
spiritual levels aggravates the problem of the education system improvement in tune with the modern times’
challenges. The environment of Kazakhstan school transformation requires scientific and practical necessity for
the search for effective models, innovational forms and methods helping create an educational process
ensuring favorable environment for the establishment of personal and professional identity of an individual.
Besides, we are interested in the content-related characteristic of the “art-pedagogy” and “art-therapy”
concepts in the context of issues faced by figurative arts, and the place and significance of art in the education
of the younger generation. There is a great variety of art-pedagogy methods and techniques which can be
adopted in short time, but even at the starting stage these methods could positively influence negative
personality features of a child, develop his or her emotional field, representational thinking and creative
potential. We are also interested in the personal growth and development of a child and his or her active
socialization, and the article describes methods and techniques of children development by the means of arts.
Key words: figurative arts, art-pedagogy, art-therapy, art-pedagogical activity of a teacher, methods and
techniques, creative potential.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Zhanar Nebessayeva, Dostyk av., #13, Kazakh National Pedagogical
University named after Abai, the City of Almaty, 050010, The Republic of Kazakhstan.
E-mail address:gold_15k1@mail.ru
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Immigration in Molise and Some Paths Towards Integration
Gianna Pasquale * , Department of Humanities, Social and Educational Sciences, University of Molise,
Abstract
This paper moves from the idea that a deeper and more realistic knowledge of the immigration in Italy is
necessarily based on local studies of this phenomenon. Above all, it is important to carefully analyze the
situation of foreigners who fit into local community to find the special features of their settlement that must be
taken into account in order to build and plan integration policies really effective and appropriate to the local
context. In the wake of these considerations, I will introduce a brief survey on the presence and integration of
foreigners in Molise region. More precisely, I will examine some recent statistics that allow to outline the main
socio-demographic characteristics of the foreign population resident in the region and also to consider some
aspects concerning the inclusion of foreigners in the local labor market. Finally, I will explain some events in
order to point out some possible directions for the social integration of foreigners in the region. In this way,
Molise could be a pilot region for the effective inclusion of immigrants.
Key words: Immigrants; foreign workforce; integration model; Molise
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Gianna Pasquale, Department of Humanities, Social and Educational

Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy. E-mail address:giannapasquale@yahoo.it
The Analysis of Understanding Factorial Concept Processes

of 7th Grade Students who have High Academic
Achievements with Pirie Kieren Theory
Sare ŞENGÜL*, Marmara University, Atatürk Education Faculty, İstanbul 34730, Turkey
Ayşe ARGAT, Gazipaşa Secondary School, İnegöl, Turkey
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to analyze the understanding factorial concept processes of 7th grade students
who have high academic achievements with Pirie-Kieren theory. The research participants are composed of
two 7th grade students who are studying at a public primary school in the İnegöl Province of the city of Bursa.
This research has been designed according to case study design since it was carried out with two students who
had high academic achievements in a constructive learning environment. The research participants were
selected among voluntary students by considering their mathematics achievement test scores and their grades
stated in the previous year’ reports. Mathematics achievement test was composed of 15 questions that were
covering pre-cognitive knowledge of the factorial concept. Educational games, group work, puzzles,
worksheets and activities designed for the objectives in the factorial concept were used in the research. The
data of the research was collected by through a semi-structured interview, participant observation and
document analysis for each student in the study group. The obtained data was analyzed by using a descriptive
analysis method. According to the findings, students who have high academic achievements were able to
construct concepts easily by interpreting activities and they reached formalising level according to Pirie and
Kieren theory. In the light of the findings of this study, the researchers have developed suggestions.
Key words: the dynamic model of Pirie-Kieren, folding back, learning to learn, factorial
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sare ŞENGÜL, Marmara University, Atatürk Education Faculty, İstanbul
34730, Turkey. E-mail address:zsengul@marmara.edu.tr
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The influence of reasons approving on student motivation
for learning
Georgeta Pânișoară, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Bucharest, 90 Panduri Rd.,
Nicoleta Duță, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Bucharest, 90 Panduri Rd.,
Ion-Ovidiu Pânișoară, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Bucharest, 90 Panduri Rd.,
Abstract
The present study is based on the importance of social approving reasons in the development of academic
motivation. This research intends to investigate the effect that they have reasons for social approving on
academic motivation of students. For this the study aims to observe the differences that appear in the ability to
retain a list of words by students and general motivation that they have in the presence of social approval
(provided by the teacher and peers) in the absence of social approval. It is a descriptive case research based on
our teaching experience in higher education. Was analyzed the population of students, aged between 18 and
28 years in university in Romania. The results of analysis of available data, students consider as fundamental
the need for approval in the development of academic motivation.The need for approval is a positive factor in
point of view of social integration, it supports social behavior as one possible predictor of how a person will
relate to others, depending on the axis between the existence of maximal and minimal existence of this needs
at a certain person.
Key words: Motivation, learning, Higher Education, efficient communication, teacher-student relationship
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Georgeta Pânișoară, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences,

University of Bucharest, 90 Panduri Rd., Bucharest 050663, Romania.
E-mail address:nico.duta1@gmail.com
Analysis on Students’ Demand Preferences about Learning

in MOOCs
LIU Jun*,College of Information Science and Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400030,
China
ZHANG Wenping,Chongqing Technology & Business Institute,Chongqing 400052, China
Abstract
MOOCs are more and more popular in China since 2014 July and some platforms are available online. Students
can learn many college courses on these platforms as well as interact with teachers. A small study, to
demonstrate how effective the use of MOOCs in teaching is, and to identify students’ demand preference
about MOOCs, has been done in this paper. We adopt the method of questionnaire and online-interviews.
Research was initiated in the winter of 2014 and the results may improve the application of MOOCs in China.
Key words: Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs); Demand Preference; Questionnaire
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:LIU Jun, College of Information Science and Engineering, Chongqing
Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400030, China. E-mail address:niuniu77@cqjtu.edu.cn
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The Analysis of Understanding Factorial Concept Processes
of 7th Grade Students who have Low Academic
Achievements with Pirie Kieren Theory
Sare ŞENGÜL, Marmara University, Atatürk Education Faculty, İstanbul 34730, Turkey
Ayşe ARGAT, Gazipaşa Secondary School, İnegöl, Turkey
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to analyze the understanding factorial concept processes of 7th grade students
who have low academic achievements with Pirie-Kieren theory. The research participants are composed of
th
two 7 grade students who are studying at a public primary school in the İnegöl Province of the city of Bursa.
This research has been designed according to case study design since it was carried out with two students who
had low academic achievements in a constructive learning environment. The research participants were
selected among voluntary students by considering their mathematics achievement test scores and their grades
stated in the previous year’ reports. Mathematics achievement test was composed of 15 questions that were
covering pre-cognitive knowledge of the factorial concept. Educational games, group work, puzzles,
worksheets and activities designed for the objectives in the factorial concept were used in the research. The
data of the research was collected by through a semi-structured interview, participant observation and
document analysis for each student in the study group. The obtained data was analyzed by using a descriptive
analysis method. According to the findings, students who have low academic achievements were able to
construct concepts difficulty by interpreting activities and they reached formalising level according to Pirie and
Kieren theory. In the light of the findings of this study, the researchers have developed suggestions.
Key words: the dynamic model of Pirie-Kieren, low academic achievement, learning to learn, factorial
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sare ŞENGÜL, Marmara University, Atatürk Education Faculty, İstanbul
34730, Turkey. E-mail address:zsengul@marmara.edu.tr
Desirable characteristics defining to describe an effective

teacher
Emilia Tomoaica,Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Bucharest, 90 Panduri Rd.,
Nicoleta Duță*, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Bucharest, 90 Panduri Rd.,
Georgeta Pânișoară, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Bucharest, 90 Panduri Rd.,
Abstract
The present study is based on the importance of characteristics to describe an effective teacher. The studies
(Darling-Hammond, 2000) showed that there is a positive relationship between teacher quality as “enthusiasm,
creativity, flexibility and adaptability and school success of its students”. Researchers show that teachers need
5 to 8 years to go from the stage of beginner teacher at various levels of expertise, in order to acquire the art,
science and technique of teaching (Darling-Hammond, 2000; Education Review Office, 1998). The research
aimed to find out to what extent teachers in Romania develop desirable characteristics for the teaching
profession during various forms of education: initial training, courses pedagogical completion which is certified
as teachers, training courses. Quantitative research was conducted during March 2014, being conducted on a
sample of 1145 teachers from Romania. The results of analysis of available data, teachers’ participating in our
research declares that they have been developed ten features in training courses.
Key words: Communication, empathy, effective teacher.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Nicoleta Duță, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University
of Bucharest, 90 Panduri Rd., Bucharest 050663, Romania. E-mail address:nico.duta1@gmail.com
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Using Thai Native Moss as a Bio-Adsorbent for
Contaminated Heavy Metal in Air
Pantip Kayee*,Faculty of Science and Technology,Suan Sunandha Rajabhat university, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
Wannida Songphim, Faculty of Science and Technology,Suan Sunandha Rajabhat university, Bangkok 10300,
Thailand
Aujima Parkpein,Faculty of Science and Technology,Suan Sunandha Rajabhat university, Bangkok 10300,
Thailand
Abstract
Atmospheric particulate matter contaminated with heavy metal is harmful to the respiratory and
cardiovascular system. Biomonitoring is a novel technique of using organisms or biomaterials to examine air
quality. Moss was developed for using as a bioindicator to assess the concentration of heavy metal in
atmosphere in many countries because of its ability to adsorb heavy metals. However; there had never been a
study on native mosses in Thailand. Therefore; this research was aimed at studying the adsorption of heavy
metal in polluted air by using Thai native mosses. Thai native mosses were transplanted on a tray and placed
on Ratchawithi Road, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat university, Bangkok, Thailand which has heavy traffic that cause
polluted air.. The results showed that Fe, Zn, Cu and Cd were found in Thai native mosses. Therefore; it could
be verified that Thai mosses can adsorb heavy metal and could be used as a bio-adsorbent.
Key words: Heavy metal; Adsorption; Moss
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Pantip Kayee, Faculty of Science and Technology,Suan Sunandha Rajabhat
university, Bangkok 10300, Thailand. E-mail address:pantip.kayee@gmail.com
Android Application to Enhance Performance of Internship

Program Implementing Cloud Computing Platform and
Infrastructure
Shutchapol Chopvitayakun* , Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok,
10300, Thailand
Abstract
Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of
configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services). It can be rapidly
provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. The objective of this
study was to improve performance of a mobile application by developing a new system to manage the
internship program of senior students at the university level. This application runs on Android OS and using
Cloud computing platform and infrastructure to replace the existing one that was using local or university
database server and infrastructure. The result of this study created a new version of mobile application which is
more agile, less cost and more productive than the existing one by implementing Cloud computing platform
and infrastructure. Moreover, it can increase performance to monitor activities of each intern, provide online
guidance from intern’s advisors and finally it can summarize score of each intern according to the university
rubric, all data above are handled and stored on Mobile Cloud Server.
Key words: Internship; Mobile application; Android OS; Cloud computing platform and infrastructure
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Shutchapol Chopvitayakun, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan

Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand. E-mail address:shutchapol.ch@ssru.ac.th
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Teaching English to Very Young Learners
Nuriye Değirmenci Uysal, MA student, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Balikesir University.
Fatih Yavuz*,Assistant professor, ELT Department of Necatibey Education Faculty, Balikesir University
Abstract
This study presents a review of the literature concerning teaching English to very young learners as a
second/foreign language (ESL/EFL) as how to teach English to VYL is a prevailing research subject in an ESL/EFL
context. As Cameron (2001) states very young learners are exposed to only spoken language for a few years, it
is of great significance to handle it meticulously. The paper first presents the characteristics of VYL and the role
of age in language learning. Next, the paper reviews the studies on second/foreign language teaching to VYL,
concluding that the earlier is the better in language education with the appropriate use of various methods and
materials appeal to learners’ interests. While this paper emphasizes that very limited number of studies have
been done, it reveals there is an urgent need for elaborate researches, especially in EFL context.
Key words: Very young learners; English as a foreign language; age of acquisition
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Fatih Yavuz, Assistant professor, ELT Department of Necatibey Education
Faculty, Balikesir University. E-mail address:yavuzf@balikesir.edu.tr
Preparing undergraduate students majoring in Computer

Science and Mathematics with Data Science perspectives
and awareness in the age of Big Data
Kanyarat Bussaban*, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-TongNok Road, Wachira, Dusit,Bangkok,
THAILAND 10300
Phanu Waraporn,Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-TongNok Road, Wachira, Dusit,Bangkok, THAILAND
10300
Abstract
Undergraduate students majoring in Computer Science and Mathematics are entering the workforce not only
as programmers and mathematicians but also as data and business intelligent analysts. These job profiles
require students to effectively utilize databases and data warehouses technologies, summarize data from
external sources including the Internet and provide solutions to complicate, dynamic and ever-changing
problems. These areas of hard skills have not been integrated as a major component of undergraduate
programs in mathematics and computer science. This paper is aimed at showing how to motivate the
significance of mastering data science proficiency as well as depicting examples and resources for lecturers in
implementing data science in computer sciences and mathematics curriculum. Two case studies from
Computer Science and Informatics Mathematics Programs at Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan
Sunandha Rajabhat University in Bangkok, Thailand are presented.
Key words: Undergraduate Science Curriculum, Data Science, Data Analyst
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Kanyarat Bussaban, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-TongNok

Road, Wachira, Dusit,Bangkok, THAILAND 10300. E-mail address:kanyarat.bu@ssru.ac.th
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The Level of Physical Activity of University Students
Simona-Pia Fagaras, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu-Mures
Liliana-Elisabeta Radu, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iaşi, 3 Toma Cozma st., 700554, Iaşi, Romania
Gynetta Vanvu,Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy 16 Universitatii st., 700115, Iaşi, Romania
Abstract
Many studies paid attention to the worldwide decline in physical activity (PA) and increase the sedentary and
obesity. The inactivity at different ages it is a major problem for most countries. The aim of the study is to
investigate the level of physical activity of university students. In according with the results will see how active
they are and what kind of measure may propose to increase the data obtained. Self administrated International
Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) were used to investigate how active are the university students.
Questionnaires were interpreted as: 1) vigorous activity; 2) moderate activity; 3) walking, and 4) sitting in last
seven days. A total of 334 students were participated at this study.Anthropometrics measurements were
report as height, weight and body mass index (BMI). Most of students have a normal body weight. Physical
activity was reported for all group and by genders. Male students are most active comparative with female
students.The findings show reasonable basis for health and active life style among students.
Key words: Type your keywords here, separated by semicolons.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Simona-Pia Fagaras, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu-Mures.

E-mail address:liliradu2004@yahoo.com
Factors which Affect Teachers’ Professional Development in

Teaching Innovation and Educational Technology in the 21st
Century under the Bureau of Special Education, Office of the
Basic Education Commission
Ganratchakan Ninlawan* , Faculty of Education, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand 10300
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate factors which affect teachers’ professional development in teaching innovation
and educational technology in the 21st century under the Bureau of Special Education, Office of Basic
Education. There were 400 participants. The statistical tool used in the study was Multiple Regression Analysis.
The independent variables were entered in the stepwise method. The study found that there were positive
correlations between teachers’ professional development and classroom management in the 21st century,
concerning creative and innovative skills, communication, information, and media awareness, and computer
literacy and information technology. The correlation coefficients were at .295, .349, and .408 respectively.
Key words: the 21st Century; Teachers’ Professional; Special Education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ganratchakan Ninlawan, Faculty of Education, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat

University, Bangkok Thailand 10300. E-mail address:ganratchakan.ni@ssru.ac.th
150 | P a g e
Relation Between Body Shape And Body Mass Index
Făgăraş Pia Simona*,University of Medicine and Farmacy, Gheorghe Marinescu nr. 38, cod 540139, Târgu
Mureș, România
Radu Liliana Elisabeta, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iaşi, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, 3 Toma
Cozma st., 700554, Iaşi, Romania
Rus Mihail Cristian, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iaşi, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, 3 Toma
Cozma st., 700554, Iaşi, Romania
Abstract
Obesity more common among young peoples, is regularly calculated by using body mass index (BMI). Body
shape, fat disposition, can be considered one of the risk factors in the emergence of various health problems in
young. Hypothesis from which we started in the study was that there is a relationship between body shape and
body mass index. To achieve the research we made some anthropometrical measurement such as: height,
weight, lengths, girth. We used OMRON BF 306 device to calculate BMI and Body Fat Percentage for each
student. We applied the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-16A © Evans & Dolan, 1993) for each student
participant in research. The results were analyzed using SPSS 20 software. We have established different
correlation between questionnaire responses and body mass index (BMI), waist hip ratio (WHR), abdominal
girth (ABG) and body fat percentage (BF). Subjects reported some dissatisfaction about body shape even they
have a normal BMI. This study found that body dissatisfactions involved multiple psychological processes.
Key words: Body shape, body mass index, university level, students
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Făgăraş Pia Simona, University of Medicine and Farmacy, Gheorghe
Marinescu nr. 38, cod 540139, Târgu Mureș, România. E-mail address:monihaba@yahoo.com
Curriculum Violence: Occidental knowledge hegemony in

relation to indigenous knowledge
Juan Mansilla Sepúlveda, Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Campus San Francisco,
Temuco, Chile.
Sandra Becerra Peña,Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Campus San Francisco, Temuco,
Chile.
María Eugenia Merino, Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Campus San Francisco, Temuco,
Chile.
Abstract
Indigenous education in Chile operates within a context of cultural diversity, underdevelopment and
colonialism. This problem explains the tension found in 28 rural schools in the Araucanía region of Chile
between the knowledge systems of the Mapuche culture and those of Western culture. The study is
qualitative-descriptive in design. Participants were teachers, parents and lonkos from Mapuche communities in
which the schools are embedded. Semi-structured interviews were carried out and results show the western
curricular content predominating over subordinating vernacular knowledge of Mapuche indigenous culture. It
is recommended for cultural knowledge of all participants to be equally integrated and promoted.
Key words: Mapuche knowledge, Occidental Chilean knowledge, Monocutural schools, indigenous children,
Chile
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Juan Mansilla Sepúlveda, Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica de

Temuco, Campus San Francisco, Temuco, Chile. E-mail address:jmansilla@uct.cl
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The Effects of Irrational Beliefs on Academic Motivation and
Academic Self-Efficacy of Candidate Teachers of Computer
and Instructional Technologies Education Department
Ebru Albayrak Özer*, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sakarya 54300, Turkey
Özcan Erkan Akgün, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sakarya 54300, Turkey
Abstract
Irrational beliefs are improper solutions developed by the person himself for his personal problems. They occur
in person’s mind. These beliefs affect person’s life. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of
irrational beliefs on academic motivation and academic self-efficacy of students. Independent variable of the
study is irrational beliefs. Dependent variables are academic motivation and academic self-efficacy. Survey
method was used in the study. The sample of the study consists of 161 second and third year students
attending at Sakarya University, Faculty of Education, Department of Computer and Instructional Technologies
Education. It was found out that there were no differences between irrational beliefs of students in terms of
gender. And we found positive relationship between irrational beliefs and academic motivation, and negative
relationship between irrational beliefs and academic self-efficacy of students. At the end of the research some
suggestions has been presented on irrational beliefs, academic motivation and academic self-efficacy.
Key words: Irrational beliefs, academic motivation, academic self-efficacy.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ebru Albayrak Özer, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sakarya 54300, Turkey.
E-mail address:ealbayrak@sakarya.edu.tr
Comparison the Heart Structure and Function Between Non

Athlete and Elite Weight Lifter of Khozestan Province
Rohollah valizadeh *, Islamic Azad University Omidiyeh Branch, Iran, Islamic Republic Of
Masoud Nikbakht, Islamic Azad University Omidiyeh Branch, Iran, Islamic Republic Of
Rahmatolah Khanmohamadi, Islamic Azad University Omidiyeh Branch, Iran, Islamic Republic Of
Abstract
Echocardiography is a device that use for the diagnosis and prognosis of congenital and acquired heart diseases
in equine medicine. Also It is a noninvasive method for evaluation of fitness, determination of poor
performance , effectiveness of training programs or the effect of disease and de conditioning on cardiac
dimensions1. So the present study aims to comparison the heart structure and function between non athlete
and elite weight lifting(age 25to35) of khozestan province. This research is causal comparative and its plan has
been done post-test on non athlete and elite weight lifting. the statistical sample of this research was 10 elite
men in weight lifter and 10 non athlete that voluntary participated in our study.Some variables include LVIDs,
LVIDd, IVSs,IVSd, LVM,HR,EF,FS were measured. the analysis and resolution of data were done by computer
and SPSS software(version 16) as well as the descriptive and statistical methods(T-test). The results showed
that athlete group heart(weight lifter) with a≤0.05 had better situation compared with non athlete group on
LVIDs,LVIDd.
Key words: Heart Structure and Function, Non Athlete, Elite Weight Lifter
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Rohollah valizadeh, Islamic Azad University Omidiyeh Branch, Iran, Islamic
Republic Of. E-mail address:valizadeh8328@gmail.com
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Modernizing education: The challenge of the European
project CoMoViWo
Carmen Pérez-Sabater , Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia 46022, Spain
Begoña Montero-Fleta, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia 46022, Spain
Penny MacDonald, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia 46022, Spain
Amparo García-Carbonell,Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia 46022, Spain
Abstract
This article will set the theoretical background on which CoMoViWo, an ongoing European project, is based.
First, the article critically analyses the concept of workplace language teaching and learning and the trends
followed by current workplace language programs. A second focus of research analyses the changes that affect
the literacy practices required in the new working context, which imply new ways of writing, speaking, and
communicating through different media. A final consideration of the article addresses the role of English as a
Lingua Franca, that is, English as a language currently used as a means of communication and interaction by
speakers of different first languages
Key words: virtual communication; workplace languag; intercultural working environments; language learning
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Carmen Pérez-Sabater , Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia

46022, Spain. E-mail address:bmontero@idm.upv.es
Evaluating The Difficulties Faced By Primary School Students

In Doing Homework/Research From Parents' Point Of View
Ümit ÖZER*,Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sakarya 54300, Turkey
Sevgi COŞKUN KESKİN, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sakarya 54300, Turkey
Abstract
One of the main objects of education is to teach student how to reach the information instead of giving him a
pure knowledge. Because one can easily forget any knowledge but the skill of reaching the correct information
can be used forever if it is learned once. Extracurricular activities like doing research/homework are really
important in terms of teaching these skills. Homeworks/researches enable parents to take part in that process
as they are extracurricular activities. Both their children and themselves face with many difficulties during this
process. Therefore, this study aims to describe those difficulties faced during the research/homework process
by parents who have children in primary schools. This study has been lead according to the phenomenological
method among qualitative research techniques. The study group consists of 26 parents whose children are in
primary school during 2013-2014 academic year and these parents have been selected with the criterion
sampling method which is one of those predictive sampling methods. In order to gather information, some
interview questionnaire forms designed and used by the researchers. Acquired data has been evaluated in
terms of descriptive analysis. At the end of the research it has been concluded that parents encounter many
economical (e.g: not being able to spare time, providing equipment economically etc.) and spiritual difficulties
(e.g: boredom, exhaustion, panic, feeling of self-inadequacy etc.) Students, on the other hand, encounter some
sensory (e.g: boredom, fatigue), cognitive (e.g: not understanding), physical environmental and physicomotor
difficulties.
Key words: learning through researches, homework, primary school students, parents
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ümit ÖZER, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sakarya 54300, Turkey.

E-mail address:uozer@sakarya.edu.tr
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TOWARDS A MODELING OF A REPRODUCTION PROCESS OF A PATTERN
BASED ON A COGNITIVE ARCHITECTURE
K. El Bakkari*, University of Cadiz, Faculty of Philosophy and Literature (SPAIN)
M.D. Muñoz Nuñez, University of Cadiz, Faculty of Philosophy and Literature (SPAIN)
S. Aammou, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Faculty of Sciences (MOROCCO)
Abstract
To seek to better understand the cognitive functioning of human, a simulation can be used cognitive models by
designing a computer program from a cognitive architecture for example ACT-R (Adaptive Control of Thought-
Rational) based on cognitive theories. These models seek to emulate the operation of man. Indeed in the case
of the ACT-R architecture, it has, like the human at the cognitive level declarative memory and procedural
memory, the Percepto-motor level of visual modules, motor, oral, and auditory and links between all these
modules, as well as the environment. The purpose of these models is to better reproduce human behavior,
which is defined by implementing all of these modules with data on a specific behavior. We are interested in
this work to a cognitive task to study the effects of memory. The purpose of the task to study is to reproduce a
pattern of colored blocks as quickly as possible, and therefore this experiment involves several processes. The
memory comes into account because the subjects must store the blocks to put them, so we will look at how
many blocks they store, where and why. We look for that visual salience of the blocks by color, to try to explain
the choice of subjects. Percepto-motor processes also come into play, visual processes, we will look at the eye
movements of subjects and engines with the mouse movement.
Key words: Cognitive architecture, ACT-R, simulation cognitive models
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:K. El Bakkari, University of Cadiz, Faculty of Philosophy and Literature
(SPAIN). E-mail address:kebbek17@gmail.com
Co-Design Practice in Industrial Design Education in Turkey

Zeynep YALMAN*, Gazi University, Faculty of Architecture, Department of Industrial Design, Ankara-Turkey
Hüseyin Güçlü YAVUZCAN, Gazi University, Faculty of Architecture, Department of Industrial Design, Ankara-
Turkey
Abstract
The evolution in design research has shifted from a user-centered design approach to co-design approach. With
co-designing, roles of designers and users have changed. In growing co-creation and co-design notions, user is
seen as a partner, not as a passive object of study. In current undergraduate industrial design education in
Turkey, user research is done in limited steps during design process. User observations that are required for
students during their design processes are done outside of studio courses with the students’ own
opportunities. Yet students face difficulties in design process of the products especially the ones they have not
experienced before. This study aims to apply ‘designing with users’ notion instead of ‘designing for users’ into a
practice in education field. The goals of this study are; to benefit from users who are experts of their
experiences as teammates during the design process and to satisfy user’s expectations with the end product by
using an alternative approach in design education. Two design projects were conducted with 12 third-year
industrial design students from Gazi University and six volunteer users in 302 Industrial Design course. Three
groups, each consisting of six (four students and two users), were formed to design products according to
project briefs. Users participated in the problem definition and idea generation sessions as co-designers during
design process. A questionnaire and interviews were used to collect data about students’ remarks on
participation of users in design process. Students evaluated what they learned from co-designing and how
users contributed to design process. The results of the surveys reflect that efficiency of design process can be
improved with participation and collaboration of users. Users can play large roles from idea generation to
concept development. Consequently, that co-designing can be efficiently implemented into undergraduate
industrial design education.
Key words: design education; design process; co-design; participatory design; user research
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Zeynep YALMAN, Gazi University, Faculty of Architecture, Department of

Industrial Design, Ankara-Turkey E-mail address:zeynep.yalman@gmail.com
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A gaze on rural education according to scientific discourses
during the last decade
Gretel Rivera*, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. ETSI Agrónomos. Dpto. Proyectos. Avd. Puerta de Hierro, 2,
28040 Madrid, España
María Rivera, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. ETSI Agrónomos. Dpto. Proyectos. Avd. Puerta de Hierro, 2,
José M. Díaz-Puente, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. ETSI Agrónomos. Dpto. Proyectos. Avd. Puerta de
Hierro, 2, 28040 Madrid, España
Abstract
The largest proportion of illiteracy and lack of access to education in the world is concentrated in rural areas;
therefore it is important to ensure there is access to quality education in these spots. This challenge is assumed
by different branches of social research and it is reflected within the publication of articles in scientific journals.
In the present document the scientific discourse surrounding the theme of rural education during the last
decade was analyzed. To do this, the paper focuses on three aspects: the countries that set the agenda, the
geographical areas that represent most of the attention and the prevalent themes within continents. It was
observed that USA was the most productive country in terms of scientific writings with 30%; that Asia is really
interested in health issues associated to rural education; that in Europe gender issues are on the table and that
the African and Asian continents, as well as Latin America, are interested only on their own issues, as 100% of
the times they only wrote about themselves.
Key words: rural education; development; content analysis; scientific discourse; Nvivo
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Gretel Rivera, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. ETSI Agrónomos. Dpto.
Proyectos. Avd. Puerta de Hierro, 2, 28040 Madrid, España.
E-mail address:gretel.riverablanco@gmail.com
A Successful mathematics teacher

Valentina Gogovska * , Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Skopje, Macedonia
Abstract
What is a successful math teacher? is only a question but the answer to this relatively simple question is the
main purpose of this paper. Namely, I will mention teachers’roles and try to give the answer of question what
kind of a teacher do students like? Cleary, it is much simpler to mention which characteristics a successful
mathematics teacher must not have or use. In the end, I would like to address every “successful teacher” with
some motivation words.
Key words: Successful math teacher; success; great teacher; knowledge
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Valentina Gogovska, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Skopje,
Macedonia. E-mail address:valet@pmf.ukim.mk
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Rural Education, a Geographical Review
María Sánchez, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. ETSI Agrónomos. Dpto. Proyectos. Avd. Puerta de Hierro, 2,
María Rivera, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. ETSI Agrónomos. Dpto. Proyectos. Avd. Puerta de Hierro, 2,
Jose María Diaz Puente, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. ETSI Agrónomos. Dpto. Proyectos. Avd. Puerta de
Hierro, 2, 28040 Madrid, España
Alina Seebacher, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. ETSI Agrónomos. Dpto. Proyectos. Avd. Puerta de Hierro,
2, 28040 Madrid, España
Abstract
Nowadays, prosperity as a concept applied to countries is accepted to include much more than GDP. Education
is a major pillar needed for building prosper societies, both in rural and urban areas. Improvements in
education quality allow people to lead fulfilling lives. As well, the scientific community is who, today, co-
constructs reality by creating academic knowledge and influencing public opinion and political decision-making.
With this in mind and more specifically, what this paper aims to answer is how the scientific community is
dealing with the existing geographical challenges and unbalances of Rural Education. To answer this question,
two procedures have been defined and strictly applied: article selection and data base building including
geographical qualification. Results reflect that developing countries are the most studied which is a promising
element because it is where there is most pending progress to be done. Further analysis shows how 50% of
studies about Rural Education are conducted at local level. This is consistent as education is a local issue,
however this could be somehow restricting, as cross-fertilisation and best practise implementation contribute
greatly to boosting development. Besides it was observed how certain developing geographical areas are
concentrating all efforts and interest from the rest of the world, while other developing areas do not seem to
be interesting at all. This could be potentially compromising for the future development of these unstudied
areas.
Key words: rural education, rural prosperity, content analysis.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:María Sánchez, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. ETSI Agrónomos. Dpto.
Proyectos. Avd. Puerta de Hierro, 2, 28040 Madrid, España. E-mail address:3.maria.sanchez@gmail.com
An Analytical Study of the Attacking Waves and its Relation

to the Effectiveness of Touch for the Epee Players at the
2012 London Olympics
Ayman Mohamed Ghoniem* , Arab Republic of Egypt , Beni-Suef University , Faculty of Physical Educations,
Egypt
Abstract
This study aims at investigating the relationship between some of the sequential composite attacking
renderings and the effectiveness of the successful touches at the epee game. The researcher has used the
descriptive methodology because of its appropriateness to the nature and goals of the study. The research
sample included the 8 finals-qualified players at the 2012 London Olympics. After the statistical analysis, the
results showed a statistically significant correlation function relationship between thesequential composite
attacking renderings and the effectiveness of the touches. The researcher has recommended that it is very
important and necessary to pay more attention to the composite attacking renderings as well as more
extensive sequence especially that it has a positive impact on the effectiveness of touches at the epee game.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ayman Mohamed Ghoniem, Arab Republic of Egypt , Beni-Suef University ,
Faculty of Physical Educations, Egypt. E-mail address:ayman_gonem@yahoo.com
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Gender Gap in Leisure Time Use of Thai People
Siriwan Saksiriruthai*, Department of International Business, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Thailand
Abstract
Even it is recognized that should there be exist of equal rights between men and women, empirical evidences
still indicate gender inequality since women are provided fewer opportunities to receive benefits from time use
and economic development. This study examines gender gaps of leisure time use of Thai people. Using
Thailand’s Time Use Survey and Labor Force Survey, the research estimates the relationship between leisure
time use and wage of the two genders by including genders, educational attainment and other socioeconomics
characteristics in the study. The result reveals that more educated people dramatically spend time for leisure
time use for direct enjoyment. Additionally, there is a significant difference in leisure time use of men and
women. Thai men tend to consume more leisure time than women do for every measure of leisure, from the
narrowest to the broadest definition. It implies that in Thailand, there is a social structure in which men “make
the first move”, which indicates that there exists a social structure whereby men have the opportunities to
choose to work in the market while women are responsible for housework, even they also have to work in the
market. This gender gap is confirmed by the shorter leisure time and longer time for housework for women.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Siriwan Saksiriruthai, Department of International Business, Suan

Sunandha Rajabhat University, Thailand.E-mail address: siriwan.saksiri@gmail.com
Basic design, theory and practice

Nihan CANBAKAL ATAOĞLU* , Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon Vocational High School, Department of
Architecture and Urban Planning, Trabzon,61000, Turkey
Abstract
The study deals with the process in which Course of Basic Art Teaching is transformed into a street fashion
show with the slogan “from theory to practice” at the Textile Department of Trabzon Vocational High School of
Karadeniz Technical University. Course of Basic Design Teaching was at first a basic course at the educational
institutions that taught art but having evolved with the advancement in science and technology it has now
been equally connected with the education of every discipline as well as art and has taken the current form.
During the academic term; point, drawing, pattern bright colors, dull colors, integrating color pairs, figure-
ground relationship were the course contents. In line with the principles taught, students prepared each topic
as an intra-course activity in accordance with the problem given using various materials on a drawing paper.
For the semester work, all of the works of the each student were evaluated and one of them was selected and
placed upon the apron made by nettle cloth using different materials. Designs on the drawing papers were
drawn on the aprons and assessments were made in accordance with the abilities and skills of the students.
When designs were used on different materials; different and various aprons were produced.
Key words: Basic Design, Design, Theory, Practice, Textile
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Nihan CANBAKAL ATAOĞLU, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon

Vocational High School, Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Trabzon,61000, Turkey.
E-mail address:canbakalnihan@hotmail.com
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The Online Test Bank Management System in Integration Model
Chalermpol Tapsai* , Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-Thong Nok Road, Dusit Bangkok 10300,Thailand
Abstract
Good quality Test is an important part of learning system. That can be used to evaluate student achievement
according to each subject objectives. Moreover, it can be used by students to determine self-knowledge at the
end of each chapter and show weaknesses of each student together with related online lessons that student do
not understand to review the content. This research, The Online Test Bank Management System in Integration
Model not only creating an online test bank management system to enable the creation and analysis of tests,
but also integrated with online lessons to provide the contents that students are not understand to help
students improve their achievement effectively. The Online Test Bank Management System in Integration
Model consists of two parts: i)Website management, and ii)Test bank management. The population of this
study is instructors and all students study in Traimitrwittayaram of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University who
have registered in the year 2014, which has a total of 102 students and 4 instructors. The user of this system is
divided into three types: i)The Administrator who manage the site and assign each user's right. ii)The Instructor
who make the test and related online lesson. and iii)The Student who learn and tested by the system. There are
4 subjects in this research which is i)Data Communication and Networking, ii)Operating System, iii)Object-
Oriented Software Development and iv)Advanced Database. Each subject test has 150 items with 5 choices.
Students have to be tested before and after learning. Then each test was analyzed and the result show that:
There are 126 136 126 and 132 good quality items in 4 subject tests respectively. The difficulty index and
discriminant index of each subject test is good or very good with validity value higher than 0.9 and the value of
reliability ranged from 0.96 to 0.98. Students with low achievement score are reported and suggested to
review the online lessons related to student weakness and after the students has reviewed the suggested
online lesson the students were tested again and result show that the achievement was improved significantly.
Key words: Online; Test Bank; Integration Model.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Chalermpol Tapsai, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-Thong Nok
Road, Dusit Bangkok 10300,Thailand. E-mail address:paul.pattara@gmail.com
The Usability of Mobile Applications for Pre-schoolers

Mona Masooda, Centre for Instructional Technology and Multimedia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
Menaga Thigambaram, Corporate Learning Consortium, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the importance of usability in user interface (UI) design of mobile
educational applications (MEA) designed for children aged 4-5 years. Usability testing was conducted with four
children to evaluate the UI design based on the children’s mental model in addition to the quality of their
learning experience. An eye tracking glasses was utilized to capture the children’s eye movements while the
usability heuristics was used to collect the descriptive data regarding the interface design. Results indicated
that the usability study can be considered as a multi-stage problem solving process where it analyses and
foresee how the children use a product and the actual first-time users’ intuition of their design experience and
learning curve. The observation, eye tracking data and usability testing of the MEA with the four children
validates that the UI application was based on the developers and designers adult mental model and guideline
or own assumptions. This paper ends with a suggestion of a UI design guideline of design elements and
principles for designers and developers to adhere when developing MEA for children.
Key words: usability testing, eye tracking glasses, educational application, tablets, mobile apps
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Mona Masooda, Centre for Instructional Technology and Multimedia,
Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia. E-mail address:msmona@usm.my
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Academic Buoyancy in Second Level Schools: Insights from
Ireland
Jason Comerford, Department of Education and Professional Studies, University of Limerick, Limerick,Ireland
Tamzin Batteson, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illanois, United States
of America
Roland Tormey,Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illanois, United States of
America
Abstract
Academic Buoyancy has been described as a students’ ability to successfully navigate the everyday challenges
that are typical of school life. This project sought to ascertain whether there are distinguishing features of this
buoyancy that can be identified in young people in the Irish second level context, and if so, what these were.
Additionally, this research investigated whether the concept of buoyancy can help understand the decisions to
stay in school/leave school early, against a backdrop of a persistent disparity in school completion rates
between young people of advantaged and disadvantaged backgrounds in Ireland. A mixed methods approach
was utilised to achieve these aims. Ethnographic methods were employed in two case study schools comprising
31 students. Buoyant students displayed a noteworthy ability to examine their own experiences, and contrast
them with others in society. The characteristics of this evident buoyancy were termed: “Confidence”,
“Control”, “Planning”, “Autonomy” and “Persistence”, and these became the focus of the development of the
Student Buoyancy Instrument (SBI). The SBI questionnaire allowed students to reflect on their buoyancy, and
was administered to 581 students in 17 Irish second level schools. The data obtained from this cohort
suggested that the instrument is both valid and reliable, and displays some qualified predictive validity. The
students who reported themselves as least likely to leave school early, scored significantly higher on the
Confidence, Planning and Persistence measures. It is recommended that refinement and wider deployment of
the SBI may yield greater insights the buoyancy of students in school – once the instrument is deployed
responsibility in a way which is affirming
Key words: Academic Resilience; Adolescence, Post-Primary Education; Early School Leaving
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Jason Comerford, Department of Education and Professional Studies,

University of Limerick, Limerick,Ireland. E-mail address:Jason.Comerford@ul.ie
Creative management techniques and methods as a part of

the management education: analytical study on students’
perceptions
Viktória Ali Taha*, Faculty of Management, University of Presov in Presov, Slovakia
Juraj Tej, Faculty of Management, University of Presov in Presov, Slovakia
Michaela Sirková,Faculty of Management, University of Presov in Presov, Slovakia
Abstract
Dynamic social and economic changes have created the need for the application of innovative teaching and
learning techniques and approaches that would develop students’ divergent thinking (problem solving ability)
and mobilize their creative potential. Creativity becomes one of the basic managerial competencies. Therefore,
managerial (higher) education is oriented to the creativity integration into teaching practice. The aim of this
study is to examine students’ perception of creativity enhancing activities, games and techniques applied on
the on the course “Creative methods in management and managerial games (CMM&MG)” (part of the Master’s
curriculum at the Faculty of Management, University of Presov) which is primarily focused on the creative
methods and techniques applicable in management practice. Primary data collection was conducted through a
questionnaire survey among students attending the course in four consecutive academic years. Factor analysis
was used for reduction of large set of observed variables. In the context of reduced factors, the attention was
focused on the extracted factor “attractiveness of management techniques applied on the CMM&MG course”.
We found a strong correlation between items/variables within a factor of “attractiveness of management
159 | P a g e
techniques applied on the CMM&MG course”. Whereas the results showed a positive perception of the
creative methods and techniques applied on the CMM&MG course, we consider the current setting of course
to be correct and we believe that courses (developing creativity, divergent and convergent thinking) designed
in this way are useful.
Key words: creativity; management education; creative techniques, creative teaching
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Viktória Ali Taha, Faculty of Management, University of Presov in Presov,
Slovakia. E-mail address:viktoria.ali-taha@unipo.sk
6TH GRADE STUDENTS’ SOLUTION STRATEGIES ON

PROPORTIONAL REASONING PROBLEMS
Perihan DİNÇ ARTUT, Department of Elementary Mathematics Education, Faculty of Education, Çukurova
University, 01330 Adana/TURKEY
Mustafa Serkan PELEN, Department of Elementary Mathematics Education, Faculty of Education, Çukurova
University, 01330 Adana/TURKEY
Abstract
This research was conducted to investigate 6th grade students’ problem solving strategies and whether these
strategies change with problem type and number structure of problems. 165 randomly selected students of
grade six participated in this study. A problem test which contains proportional and non-proportional word
problems was designed as a data collecting tool. Number structures also considered in the problem test.
Descriptive data analysis methods were used in this study. Analysis has shown that students used 7 different
strategies on solving proportional problems and 6 different strategies on solving non-proportional problems.
Key words: Problem Solving Strategies, Proportional Reasoning, Number Structures of Problems
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Perihan DİNÇ ARTUT, Department of Elementary Mathematics Education,

Faculty of Education, Çukurova University, 01330 Adana/TURKEY. E-mail address:partut@cu.edu.tr
Upper Limb Re-education Using Adapted Rhythmic Gymnastics

Means
Hodorca Raluca Mihaela, ”Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iaşi , 3 Toma Cozma Street, Iasi, 700554,
Romania
Moraru Cristina Elena, National University Of Physical Education and Sport, 140, Constantin Noica Street,
Bucharest, 060057, Romania
Albu Adriana,University of Medicine and Pharmacy ” Gr. T. Popa” of Iaşi,16, University Street, 700115,
Romania
Abstract
Problem Statement. Exercises using portable objects have a great influence on developing the body and
training a large number of motor skills by combining in the most diverse manner the groups of motion and the
specific technical elements. Purpose of Study. We assume that the use of kinesiotherapy means and of adapted
rhythmic gymnastics means, (rope, ribbon, ball and hoop) can positively influence a patient’s mobility and
quality of life. Methods. In this study, conducted in the period January-June 2014, we used a sample of four
patients with various upper limb conditions: B.V. (stage 2 carpal scaphoid pseudarthrosis), S.M. (complex
fracture, lower extremity of right radius), DF (scapulohumeral periarthritis – blocked shoulder) and ID
(supraspinatus tendinitis). Evaluation of patients was performed by applying joint and muscular testing.
Findings and Results. The patient B.V. obtained – after joint testing – an increase by 5 to 10⁰ on the level of
wrist joint; patient S.M. – an increase by up to 10⁰ compared to initial values; patient SF – an increase by 25⁰ in
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flexion, by 10⁰ in extension, by 35⁰ in abduction, by 20⁰ in internal rotation, by 10⁰ in external rotation and by
only for 5⁰ in horizontal adduction; patient ID improved flexion by 20⁰, extension and abduction by 10⁰,
internal and external rotation by 15⁰ and horizontal adduction by 5⁰. The values obtained in muscular testing
for all four patients showed values between F2 and F4 in wrists and shoulder joint movements. Conclusions and
Recommendations. Considering our findings, we emphasize that kinesiotherapy means combined with adapted
rhythmic gymnastics means have proven their efficacy, which confirmed the research hypothesis.
Key words: upper limb; injuries; rhythmic gymnastics; kinesiotherapy.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Hodorca Raluca Mihaela, ”Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iaşi , 3 Toma
Cozma Street, Iasi, 700554, Romania. E-mail address:raluca.hodorca@yahoo.com
Students’ Understanding Physics Concept of Traction Therapy

Prissana Rakbamrung*, Faculty of Education, Suratthani Rajabhat University, Surat Thani, 84100 Thailand
Juang Puekkong, Faculty of Nursing, Suratthani Rajabhat University, Surat Thani, 84100 Thailand
Preeyanan Thepnuan, Phetpadungwiangchai School, Chai Ya, Surat Thani, 84110 Thailand
Abstract
Physics behind the medical care continue fascinates for medical science. Specially, traction therapy is widely
performed in clinical situation as manipulation is a common problem treatment for orthopedic surgery
patients. The Physics concept involves with traction therapy is Force and Motion. This article, therefore, builds
on and contributes to work on learning how nursing students conceptual abstract principle in Physical therapy
case. Participants were nurse students took Physics for Nurse Course in the first year of their Undergraduate
education. This work used system thinking approach as teaching intervention and assessment tool to evaluate
students understanding. Baseline research interest, two physical therapy situations; cervical and femur traction
were proposed. Based on research objective, both cases were composed of integrating the scientific knowledge
into the system thinking diagram and illustrating the scientific knowledge from the system thinking diagram
into a word or assay. After seeing the typical response, less than a half of students groups could identified core
content of Physical therapy such as the Newton’s first law, Newton’s third law (action-reaction force), Balance
forces and Gravitational force. However, this learning strategy encouraged students to integrate knowledge
into virtual problems.
Key words: Force and Motion; Nursing Student; System Thinking; Traction Therapy
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Prissana Rakbamrung, Faculty of Education, Suratthani Rajabhat

University, Surat Thani, 84100 Thailand. E-mail address:prisana_sru@hotmail.co.th
The Outcome of the Self-care Behaviors program of

Schizophrenia Patients in the Community
Yuwadee Wongsaeng*, Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing, Bangkok 10600, Thailand
Sangdaw Karoonyawanich, Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing, Bangkok 10600, Thailand
Abstract
The quasi-experimental research aims to compare the self-care behaviors of schizophrenia patients in the
community before and after the empowerment program. The comparison was taken from 2 groups of those
receiving the empowerment program and those receiving normal treatment. The samples were 40
Schizophrenia patients who were divided into 2 groups of experimental and controlled ones. They were paired
based on their duration of sickness and later divided into 20 persons for each group. The experimental group
received treatment based on the empowerment program constructed by the researchers while the controlled
group received normal treatment. The research tools used in this study were the empowerment program
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constructed by the researchers and self-care questionnaire developed by Petcharee Kanthasaibua. The content
validity of the former was tested by 7 experts, and the reliability of the latter was at .91. The data was then
analyzed using T-Test. The significant results were as follows: 1) After attending the empowerment program,
the mean score in the self-care behaviors was higher with statistical significance at .05; 2) Comparing between
the two groups, the mean score in the self-care behaviors of schizophrenia patients who received the
treatment from the empowerment program was higher than normal treatment group with a statistical
significance at .05. Therefore, this empowerment program can improve the selfcare behaviors of schizophrenia
patients in the community.
Key words: Self-care Behaviors; Schizophrenia; Community
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Yuwadee Wongsaeng, Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing, Bangkok 10600,
Thailand. E-mail address:jadzai@yahoo.com
The Content of the Education of Legal Consciousness in a

Comprehensive School: Lithuania’s Experience
Jolanta Bieliauskaitė, Mykolas Romeris University, Ateities 20, Vilnius 08303, Lithuania
Vytautas Šlapkauskas, Mykolas Romeris University, Ateities 20, Vilnius 08303, Lithuania
Abstract
Modern liberal democracy is inseparable from the conviction that the protection of natural human rights
requires law not only as a social institution which regulates relationships of society members, but also as an
institution that leads to the peaceful development of these relationships. However lately, the growing tensions
among the countries reveal the decline of this conviction. The question is whether liberal democratic societies,
the members of which are mostly grown under conditions of freedom and peace, are strong enough to face
these threats? This newly developing social situation requires a thorough research of a state of legal
consciousness.
The majority of members of modern society acquire comprehensive education, which, inter alia forms the
framework of legal consciousness of the younger generation and thus enables its representatives to base the
social interaction on the respect for the dignity of other human-being. The purpose of this paper is to reveal
the features of the content of the education of legal consciousness in a comprehensive school.
Key words: legal education, legal consciousness, comprehensive school, propaedeutic.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Jolanta Bieliauskaitė, Mykolas Romeris University, Ateities 20, Vilnius
08303, Lithuania E-mail address:jolab@mruni.eu
Major factors that influence school failure in the Northern

region of Morocco (Fez-Boulemane as a case study).
Sanae Hafiane*, Laboratoire de Didactique, d’Innovation pédagogique et curriculaire, Faculty of science, Sidi
Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez-Morocco
Fatiha kaddari, Laboratoire de Didactique, d’Innovation pédagogique et curriculaire, Faculty of science, Sidi
Abdelrhani Elachqar, Laboratoire de Didactique, d’Innovation pédagogique et curriculaire, Faculty of science,
Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez-Morocco
Kamal Elaissaoui, School of arts and humanities, Moulay Ismaïl University, Meknes-Morocco.
Adel Tahraoui, Laboratoire de Didactique, d’Innovation pédagogique et curriculaire, Faculty of science, Sidi
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Abstract
This study examines the associations between home-individual and school-related factors along with a focus on
school failure of 431 students who are randomly sampled from nine urban public Junior high schools. The
results show that among individual students some characteristics such as gender, motivation, positive attitudes
towards school, and work status are significantly associated with school failure. In addition, some family-
related aspects like the parents’ educational level, perceptions about relationship with parents and
surrounding circumstances at home are also considerably related to the proportion of school failure. As for
school characteristics, the present study proves that they have no effect on the rate of school failure.
Key words: School failure; Fez-Boulemane; Junior high school, ninth grade, Educational outcomes.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sanae Hafiane, Laboratoire de Didactique, d’Innovation pédagogique et

curriculaire, Faculty of science, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez-Morocco.
E-mail address:tahraoui1975@yahoo.fr
Racial identity and disability: the perception of the “other”

in agroup of Italian school teachers
Monica Pellerone*, Kore University of Enna, Faculty of Human and Social Science, Via Cittadella Universitaria,
Enna, 94100, Italy
Mario Bellomo, Credito Emiliano S.P.A., Via Gen. Cascino, Piazza Armerina, 94100, Italy
Abstract
Racial identity and disability are separate issues, but both contribute to the multiple social identities. This study
compares attitudes towards an ethnic group and a non ethnic group with physical psychic disabilities. The
research involves 167 support teachers, completing: Subtle and Blatant Prejudice Scale an ad Hoc
questionnaire to investigate knowledge and prejudice towards disability. Results show that individuals with an
high ethnocentrism and reaction out-groups express refusal for disability. In school in which social adaptation is
considered a priority, it is possible to compare the racial difficulties to those of disabled people.
Key words: Racial identity, disability, latent prejudice, manifest prejudice, school context
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Monica Pellerone, Kore University of Enna, Faculty of Human and Social
Science, Via Cittadella Universitaria, Enna, 94100, Italy. E-mail address:monica.pellerone@unikore.it
What most matters in strengthening educational

competitiveness?: An Application of FS/QCA method
Young-Chool Choi, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju City, Korea
Ji-Hye Lee*,Seowon University, Cheongju City, Korea
Abstract
This study was conducted in order to investigate the relationships between different factors affecting
educational competitiveness, which is crucial to enhancing national competitiveness in every country, and to
put forward policy implications whereby each country may raise the level of its educational competitiveness.
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PISA score was selected as an indicator representing the educational competitiveness of 22 OECD countries,
and this included some independent variables, such as per capita GDP, total public expenditure on education as
a percentage of GDP, and total per capita public expenditure on education (US dollars), affecting educational
competitiveness. We employed the fuzzy set analysis method (FS/QCA) to analyze the complex causal
relationships among the factors affecting educational competitiveness. The research results show that there
are three significant combinations of variables affecting educational competitiveness (PISA score). Model 1 is a
configuration of four variables (high total expenditure on education as a percentage of GDP, high total per
capita expenditure on education, high ratio of private-source expenditure on education to GDP, and high GDP),
and includes Netherlands, Finland, Australia, and Ireland. Model 2 is a configuration of five variables (low total
expenditure on education, low total per capita expenditure on education, low ration of students to teaching
staff, low private-source expenditure on education, and low GDP, and includes Poland. Model 3 is a
configuration of five variables (low total expenditure on education, low total per capita expenditure on
education, high private-source expenditure on education, high ratio of students to teaching staff, and high
GDP), and includes Japan. Finally, the study suggests that each country should endeavour to enhance its own
educational competitiveness, considering how the factors associated with this relate to each other.
Key words: educational competitiveness, FSQCA, Qualitative Comparative Analysis, education policy
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ji-Hye Lee, Seowon University, Cheongju City, Korea.

E-mail address:wisdom56@hanmail.net
The Role of Character, Confidence, and Connection on

Contribution and Subjective Well-Being
Rasa Pilkauskaite-Valickiene* , Mykolas Romeris University,Ateities str.20, Vilnius, Lt-08303, Lithuania
Abstract
The main question of this research is to establish if adolescents differ according to different constructs of
Positive Youth Development (PYD), i.e. Character, Connection, and Confidence; and if there are different
groups according to these aspects, so do those groups differ in various aspects of well-being, i.e. subjective
well-being and contribution. 1723 students (47.1 % boys), of age 14-19 years (M=17.12, SD=0.93) from high
schools in one administrative region participated. This study revealed that Lithuanian adolescents differ with
regard to their Character, Connection, and Confidence – six groups with distinct patterns of PYD can be
identified. These groups differ from each other in both satisfaction with life and contribution. Adolescents who
perceive all PYD aspects positively report highest levels of satisfaction with life and contribution.
Key words: Positive Youth Development; subjective well-being; contribution; adolescence
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Rasa Pilkauskaite-Valickiene, Mykolas Romeris University,Ateities str.20,

Vilnius, Lt-08303, Lithuania. E-mail address:rvalick@mruni..eu
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ACHIEVEMENT BEHAVIOR OF THE UNIVERSITY INSTRUCTORS
Shuttawwee Sitsira-at*, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities Srinakharinwirot University,
Thailand
Abstract
The purpose of the research was to study level of achievement behavior when classified as work performance
and competencies, and finding the related to instructors’ gender, academic position, education level and work
status. A sample of 86 university instructors was obtained. The sample consisted of 24 male instructors and 62
female instructors of a faculty in the university. The results of the research from descriptive statistics and t-test
indicated that level of achievement behavior of the university instructors were almost high. Instructors with
graduated doctoral degree were found to be significantly more achievement behavior than those with lower
doctoral degree, at the .01 level of significance. Instructors with academic positions (Assistant Professor or
Associate Professor) were found to be higher achievement behavior than those with no academic positions, at
the .05 level of significance. Instructors who were employees of the state government had work performance
higher than instructors who were official government in the evaluation for 4 times. The overall achievement
behavior, work performance and competencies were found to correlate positively at the significance level of
.01 in evaluation for 4 times. Discussion and suggestions for implications will be presented.
Key words: Achievement behavior, University instructors.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Shuttawwee Sitsira-at, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities

Srinakharinwirot University, Thailand. E-mail address:rewadee@swu.ac.th
The Current Paradigms of Science Education and Their

Expected Impact on Curriculum
Josef Trna*, Masaryk University, Faculty of Education, Porici 7, Brno, 60300, Czech Republic
Eva Trnova, Masaryk University, Faculty of Education, Porici 7, Brno, 60300, Czech Republic
Abstract
Science education is undergoing changes due to its increasing importance these days, as it faces economic and
social challenges. Several science paradigms influenced and are still affecting science education. But these are
unsatisfactory, and experts are trying to find a new paradigm. Using the PROFILES-project curricular Delphi
study we try to identify stakeholders’ views on science education as a base of a new paradigm. The main
research outcome is three concepts: (1) awareness of science in current, social, globally relevant and
occupational contexts, (2) intellectual education in interdisciplinary science contexts and (3) facilitation of
interest in the contexts of nature, everyday life and living environment.
Key words: History of paradigms, Curricular Delphi study, paradigms, science education, stakeholders
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Josef Trna, Masaryk University, Faculty of Education, Porici 7, Brno, 60300,
Czech Republic E-mail address:trna@ped.muni.cz
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INVESTIGATION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSCIOUSNESS
AND PERCEPTION OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Ulku Duman Yuksel * , Gazi University Faculty of Architecture Department of City and Regional Planning,
Turkey.
Seher Ozkazanc, Gazi University Faculty of Architecture Department of City and Regional Planning, Turkey.
Abstract
The natural resources and ecosystems of the earth are more destructed from day to day. Especially the
increase in deforestation after the industrial revolution, change in land use and land cover and air-water-soil
pollution are defined as the most important anthropogenic pressures causing destruction. If these
anthropogenic originated pressures and the destruction of the ecosystems are continued with the same speed,
it is more concerned that next generations will not be able to survive in a healthy and livable environment.
Therefore, the matters of environment and ecology permanently are in the world agenda. But today, the
environmental problems and environmental disasters cannot only be solved with international accords,
technological innovations, laws or local solutions but also, it is seen that the individuals have important roles.
Therefore, the base for saving from the disasters and problems is related with the individuals whose
attributions and perceptions on environment and ecology should be changed. The individuals who cause the
occurrence of the environmental problems should be enabled to be aware that they have responsibilities to
overcome these problems. In this study, the attributions and perceptions of the students in Gazi University on
protection of environment, human-nature relations, sustainable use of the natural resources, environmental
problems, economic growth and industrialization by using descriptive statistical method according to the
variables such as age, gender, program and grade. The students in Gazi University Faculty of Architecture were
applied the questionnaire. The Faculty of Architecture was elected since it educates architects and planners
who will create physical environments in accordance with their own environment and ecology perception and
attributions.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ulku Duman Yuksel, Gazi University Faculty of Architecture Department of
City and Regional Planning, Turkey. E-mail address:uduman@gazi.edu.tr
Formation of Science Concepts in Pre-school Science

Education
Eva Trnova*, Masaryk University, Faculty of Education, Porici 7, Brno, 60300, Czech Republic
Josef Trna, Masaryk University, Faculty of Education, Porici 7, Brno, 60300, Czech Republic
Abstract
The formation of science concepts is shaped from birth. Some concepts are formed at pre-school age as
preconceptions. These preconceptions fundamentally affect continuous education, which is why the formation
of these concepts is an important educational objective for pre-school education in families and kindergartens.
Simple experiments implemented into playing and games have an important role in the formation of science
concepts. The study presents the research results of the development of appropriate educational methods.
Design-based research was used. Specific examples of simple experiments implemented into playing and
games, which can help to form concepts in pre-school science education, are presented.
Key words: Edutainment, formation, pre-school science education, science concepts, simple experiments
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Eva Trnova, Masaryk University, Faculty of Education, Porici 7, Brno,
60300, Czech Republic E-mail address:trnova@ped.muni.cz
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Analysis of the students' judgments on the quality of
teaching received: case of chemistry students at the Faculty
of Sciences Ben M'sik
Islam Osma*, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials Hassan II- Casablanca University Ben M'sik Faculty
Abstract
As part of helping students to find motivation during their university career, we took the initiative to analyze
judgments and appreciations made by students on the usefulness of studies and the quality of teaching
received and their impact on university motivation: case of chemistry students at the Faculty of Sciences Ben
M'sik. 302 chemistry students of different levels from the first year to the Master participated in this survey;
they are between 18 and 28 years. The analysis of the results shows that student motivation does not appear
the same way in the faculty; this degradation of motivation is due to different factors, among them, the wrong
definition of the characteristics of teaching process, the teachers are not interested enough to motivate their
students, without forgetting the problems of lack of competition between students, overcrowding and working
conditions.
Key words: quality of teaching received, usefulness of the studies, failure and success, Moroccan university,
teaching chemistry
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Islam Osma, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials Hassan II-
E-mail address:islam.osma@gmail.com
Bridges for Global Learning

Benan Gulay* , Dr. Benan Gülay,İSTEK Belde School,Istanbul 34664,Turkey
Konstantin Georgiadis, Dr. Konstantin Georgiadis, Canterbury School,Fort Myers-Florida, USA
Abstract
Student exchange is not new. Globalization and exchanges made countries move closer to each other.
Students, schools and organizations in different countries can work and study together. Sometimes we think
that globalization kills not only bio-diversity but also cultural diversity all over the world. But we believe that we
can overcome this problem by communicating with each other, sharing and building bridges to know each
other. That’s why we started Bridges project. “Bridges” Project aims to promote deep understanding of the
complexity and consequences of global interdependence. “Bridges” is a research driven program of
independent studies that is intended to foster collaborative research opportunities among permanent partners
Canterbury High School from USA, Koç High School and Istek Belde High School from Turkey and some
temporary schools/ universities from other countries.
Key words: Bridges; globalization; ISTEK Belde; Canterbury; Student exchange.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Benan Gulay, Dr. Benan Gülay,İSTEK Belde School,Istanbul 34664,Turkey.
E-mail address:benangulay@yahoo.com
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The self care behaviors of the western son’s in laws Isaan’s
rural of Thailand
Rujee Charupash* , Sirindhron College of Public Health Khon Kaen Province,90/1 Anamai Road,Tumbol
Naimuang,MuangKhonKaen, 40000,Thailand.
Abstract
To study the self- care behaviours of the western son-in-laws who lives in the countryside outside in Isaan
region and to study the consumption of food and medicine, Exercise, Relaxation, Stress Management, Disease
Prevention and Health Promotion and Environmental Management. A qualitative study used snow-ball
sampling technique to sample 6 foreigners who came from Europe and married to Thai wives in rural areas of
Udon Thani province and Khon Kaen province .Data were collected by interview guide, analyzed using
percentages and frequencies. Results: 1.The consumption of food and medicine; the samples with health
problems who makes a kind, type of food, amount of alcohol, making dietary requirements of the disease,
including a doctor's appointment to get a prescription every time and if they had a minor illness to self-
medication by the pharmacy.2.The exercise; every sample has exercise behaviour which is different depending
on the time available and the state health of the individual such as walking around the village vegetable
gardening, jogging, bicycling, golfing and bicycling.3.Leader in vacation; the samples, with various forms is to
rest at home with the leisure sports such as golf, fishing, drinking, and socializing with foreign friends together
in a pub. 4. The environmental management; every sample families use and maintain cleanliness in and around
the home. 5. Disease prevention and health promotion; the samples with chronic diseases must be maintained
as well as prevent more symptoms or disease recurrence and to have a medical examination by a doctor every
times.6.Stress management; such as a trip to visit the famous tourist in Thailand
Key words: self-care behaviors, the western son-in laws
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Rujee Charupash, Sirindhron College of Public Health Khon Kaen
Province,90/1 Anamai Road,Tumbol Naimuang,MuangKhonKaen, 40000,Thailand.
E-mail address:rcharupash09@gmail.com
The Administrators’ Servant Leadership Affecting

Effectiveness of Schools
Ariratana Wallapha*, Faculty of Education, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen and 40002, Thailand
Sirisooksilp Saowanee, Faculty of Education, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen and 40002, Thailand
Ong-art Simsen, School Administrator under the Office of Secondary Education, Khon Kaen and 40000,
Thailand
Abstract
Servant Leadership focuses on serving the subordinates to develop to the full capacity to achieve the school’s
vision. This study aimed to investigate: 1) the level/s of servant leadership and the level/s of schools
effectiveness, 2) the relationship between servant leadership performance on schools effectiveness and, 3) the
servant leadership affecting effectiveness of schools. The total of 364 administrators and teachers from
schools under the office of Khon Kaen Secondary Education were involved as respondents. The research
instrument was a set of five-rating scale questionnaire. Data was analyzed using frequency, percentage; mean
value, standard deviation, correlation Pearson product moment and the multiple regression-Stepwise method.
Findings revealed that there were three aspects of administrators’ servant leadership affecting school
effectiveness, namely: responsibility and care, motivation, and acceptance on others’ opinion which had been
significantly affecting the schools effectiveness. In addition, three aspects of servant leadership have predicted
the school effectiveness at 59.80 percent at the significance level at 0.05. In conclusion, in order to promote
school effectiveness, the administrators should increase good governance in school context, implement
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participatory management approach, and improved those three aspects of servant leadership which were
responsibility and care, motivation, and acceptance in others’ opinion regularly.
Key words: Administrators’ servant Leadership, School’s effectiveness
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ariratana Wallapha, Faculty of Education, Khon Kaen University, Khon
Kaen and 40002, Thailand. E-mail address:wallapha@kku.ac.th
Adaption of new teachers in educational establishments of

Liepaja City (Latvia)
Inese Lusena – Ezera,Institute of Management Science, Liepaja University, Liela street 14, Liepaja LV 3400,
Latvia
Daiga Demitere – Krumkalna, Liepaja Ezerkrasta Primary scholl, Lauku street 54, Liepaja LV 3411, Latvia
Abstract
Integration of a new teacher in the workplace causes associations with description of new work duties,
introduction to the colleagues and demonstration of premises, however quite frequently the new teacher feels
confused and even frightened in the new environment. Adaptation can determine largely further emotional
feelings of the employee, motivation, investment level in the results of joint and individual work, so it is
important to plan and manage this process so that the new teacher would adapt in the school environment as
successfully as possible. Within the framework of the paper, the results of the empiric research are analysed on
the opinion of principals of Liepaja educational establishment, experienced and new teachers in relation with
adaptation process in the school. The main aim of the research is to find out the meaning of activities of school
principal and school collective in adaptation of the new teacher in the educational establishment. The research
disclosed that different events are arranged at schools, but no activities are offered that would be aimed
exactly to faster and more successful adaptation of new teachers in school collective. In the research a
conclusion is drawn that adaptation of new teachers happens more frequently “of one’s own” because a
mentor helps new teachers to adapt only in 3 from 15 educational establishments involved in the research.
Key words: new teachers; adoption; adaption process; school
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Inese Lusena – Ezera, Institute of Management Science, Liepaja University,
Liela street 14, Liepaja LV 3400, Latvia. E-mail address:inese.lusena-ezera@liepu.lv
The role of the learning environments in the civil service

professional development training
Ágota Dobos* , Corvinus University of Budapest, 4-6. Közraktár Street, 1098 Budapest, Hungary
Abstract
This study seeks to address the complexity of impacts of the learning environment on the efficiency of adult
learning in professional development training. The systematic approach to the learning environment and its
constituents provides the opportunity for analyzing the factors of key importance with special focus on the
choice of the training methods and techniques that facilitate the learning process. The study is presenting the
philosophical and epistemological reasoning on the one hand and the empirical evidence based on the findings
of quantitative and a qualitative research carried out by the author in the specific context of the civil service
profession in the United States. The synthesis of research results is provided with an emphasis on practical
applications in a highly encouraging learning environment that facilitate interaction, experiential learning,
reflection, and enhances improved workplace performance. The comparative approach resulting from the
author’s experiences in the Hungarian civil service training highlights the opportunities for benchmarking.
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Key words: encouraging learning environment; professional development; training methods and techniques;
experiential learning
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ágota Dobos, Corvinus University of Budapest, 4-6. Közraktár Street, 1098
Budapest, Hungary. E-mail address:agota.dobos@uni-corvinus.hu
The quality of educational institutions: well-trained and

virtuous educational directors and teachers
Olga Lucía Pardo Vargas* , University of La Sabana, km 7, campus universitario del Puente del Común. Chía,
Cundinamarca, Colombia
Abstract
In this article, I attempt to present the relationship between high quality of educational processes and well-
trained educational directors and teachers. To obtain this virtuous circle we assumed that educational directors
and teachers must be open-minded teachers and own a deep commitment to high quality education, sustained
on the conviction and ability to help students to path in the way of searching truth and promote a clear interest
in the real formative schedule of new generations. Subsequently, the issue of well-trained and virtuous
educational directors and teachers is discussed, highlighting the importance of being good examples insofar as
humility, intelligence, love, faith, and reason are concerned while critically being interested in others and being
open to different ideas and perspectives. Finally, I present the importance of a humanistic education as a
reference guide line of an educational model with quality, which is reflected in the teaching ethos, helping
students grow appropriately, while the management ethos reaffirms the importance of service and dedication
within the overall context of a proper education. In sum, I conclude that to achieve a quality education, both
educational directors and teachers should evidence a number of conditions and virtues that enable them to
better themselves and help others grow both through example and a coherently balanced and healthy lifestyle.
Key words: quality; educational institutions; virtuos; well- trained; teaching ethos; managerial ethos.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Olga Lucía Pardo Vargas, University of La Sabana, km 7, campus

universitario del Puente del Común. Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia.
E-mail address:olga.pardo@unisabana.edu.co
Education as Synesis: A Hermeneutical Contribution to the

Pedagogical Theory of Educational Practice
Emanuele Isidoria* , University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza L. De Bosis, 15, Rome 00135, Italy
Abstract
Synesis, a category mentioned by Aristotle in the sixth book of his Nicomachean Ethics, is, along with phronesis,
a fundamental concept of ethics as a human reflection on moral action. Through a hermeneutical
methodological approach, this paper will demonstrate how synesis, a concept scarcely studied by scholars in
the context of pedagogy and philosophy of education, represents a basic category both of pedagogical
epistemology and educational practice, upon which one needs to reflect in order to understand the function
and meaning of education and learning in a human perspective.
Key words: Philosophy, Education, Synesis, Practice, Hermeneutics
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Emanuele Isidoria, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza L. De Bosis, 15,
Rome 00135, Italy E-mail address:labopedagogia@gmail.com
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Relation between Pre-service Chemistry Teachers’ Science
Literacy Levels and Their Some Scientific Process Skills
Ahmet GÜRSES*, Atatürk University, K.K. Education Faculty, Department of Chemistry, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
Kübra GÜNEŞ, Atatürk University, K.K. Education Faculty, Department of Chemistry, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
T. Barkın BARIN, Atatürk University, K.K. Education Faculty, Department of Chemistry, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
Zafer EROĞLU, Atatürk University, K.K. Education Faculty, Department of Chemistry, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
F. Şeyma ÇÖZEL,Atatürk University, K.K. Education Faculty, Department of Chemistry, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between science literacy levels and some mental
process skills of chemistry teaching undergraduates and to evaluate efficiency and mono and multi interaction
of some chosen basic and causal mental processes.6 open-ended questions covering different chemistry
subjects and a semi-structured interview including 3 sub-questions relevant to those questions and that search
efficiency of mental process have been prepared considering readiness level of the sample in order to
determine efficiency of mental processes such as prediction, identifying variables, data collection and
inference. The study sampling included 20 students chosen with random sampling method among the pre-
service chemistry teachers studying at Ataturk University. From the interview results, there have been
determined 97,2% efficiency level from the questions for determining prediction skill; 67,6% efficiency level
from the questions for determining identifying variable process skill; 75% efficiency level from the questions for
determining data collection and 80,6% efficiency level from the questions for determining inference skill.
According to this, the prediction mental process skill’s having fairly higher efficiency level have mutually
reinforcing mental process abilities of all active users a result of the like are not displayed, whereas, it can be
said what a high level the front shorthand based on repeated experience present is. Consequently, there has
been concluded that science literacy levels of the students in the sample is not high enough in terms of chosen
and analyzed mental process skills.
Key words: Scientific process skills; the causal mental process; pre-service teacher qualifications; science
literacy
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ahmet GÜRSES, Atatürk University, K.K. Education Faculty, Department of
Chemistry, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey. E-mail address:ahmetgu@yahoo.com
General Music Training and the Place of Music Types Used in

Turkey from the Ottoman Period Till Today
Nilüfer YILMAZ* , Uludağ University Education Faculty Fine Arts Training Department Music Education Main
Discipline, Turkey, Bursa
Abstract
Besides the general state of music training applied in Turkey from the Ottoman period till today, music types
used in primary schools and junior high schools and their place and importance within the curriculum have
been analysed in this research. The research was carried out through the use of the descriptive method in
order to put forward the existing state. The resource scanning technique was used as a tool for data collection
and related books and scientific articles were analysed. At the end of the research, the view that our traditional
tunes are an important factor of our national music education was specified. Starting from this opinion, the
necessity of the principal understanding “Creating Turkish school music pieces by handling our traditional
music with a contemporary approach, multiplying these samples and using more of this type of music in music
teaching” was put forward to answer the problem of our educational music
Key words: music education, muzic species, school songs
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Nilüfer YILMAZ, Uludağ University Education Faculty Fine Arts Training
Department Music Education Main Discipline, Turkey, Bursa. E-mail address:niluferpiyano@yahoo.co.uk
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Teaching of The Concept of Enthalpy Using Problem Based Learning
Approach
Ahmet GÜRSES*, Atatürk University, K.K. Education Faculty, Department of Chemistry, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
Çetin DOĞAR, Erzincan University, Education Faculty, Department of Science Education24030 Erzincan, Turkey
Esen GEYİK, Atatürk University, K.K. Education Faculty, Department of Chemistry, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of the problem-based learning on students' academic
achievement regarding to the concept of enthalpy, which is one of the most important in thermodynamics, and
concepts of difficulty in teaching, and attitudes towards laboratory applications. The subjects were 31 third-
year undergraduate students enrolled to a physical chemistry laboratory-I course in the Department of
Chemistry Education in the spring semester of the 2011/12 academic year at Faculty of Education from a
Turkish University. The students in groups of single and dual, every week of ten weeks for two groups
participated of the same experimental study. The enthalpy concept test was administrated at the beginning
and the end of each pre-and post-test experimental study and repeat the test was to determine the level of
reliability and durability after treatment. Statistical analysis of experimental data, paired t-test was applied in
the confidence interval of 0.05. At the end of the application of problem-based teaching model, the students’
academic achievement gap between pre-test scores and post-test scores was found to be a statistical
significant difference
Key words: problem-based learning; enthalpy; thermodynamics
Comparison of the in-service training requirements and the level of

saticfaction of care personnel in children's homes
Pelin Piştav Akmeşe, Ege University, Faculty of Education, Department of Special Education, 35040, Izmir,
Turkey
Nilay Kayhan, Ankara University, Faculty of Education, Department of Special Education, (PhD Student) 06560,
Ankara, Turkey
Abstract
Adults assume an important role in the care and education of children. Although the family is considered as the
most suitable environment for raising children, various social and economic factors may require or force
children to live apart from their families. In this context; this study aimed to determine the in-service training
requirements with respect to children’ nutrition, food safety, children’s diseases and disease prevention of the
care personnel assigned at Children’s Homes affiliated with the Provincial Directorates of the Ministry of Family
and Social Policies, and to compare these requirements with their post-training level of satisfaction. The study
was performed with the participation of 43 care personnel working for the Provincial Directorate of Social
Services in the Manisa Province of Turkey. The obtained data were then evaluated using content analysis.
Twenty six (60.5%) of the care personnel were between the ages of 25-30, while 38 (88.4%) were secondary
school graduates in the area of child development. All of the participants expressed that the program was able
to meet their training requirements. During the study, it was determined that the care personnel had various
training requirements, and that detailed knowledge regarding these needs was very important for the effective
planning of the content and duration of their in-service training.
Key words: The Provincial Directorates of the Ministry of Family and Social Policies, care personnel, children's
homes, saticfaction
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Pelin Piştav Akmeşe, Ege University, Faculty of Education, Department of
Special Education, 35040, Izmir, Turkey. E-mail address:nilaykayhan@gmail.com
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A New Approach for Learning: Interactive Direct Teaching
Based Constructivist Learning (IDTBCL)
Ahmet GÜRSES, Atatürk University, K.K. Education Faculty, Department of Chemistry, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
Kübra GÜNEŞ, Atatürk University, K.K. Education Faculty, Department of Chemistry, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
Abstract
A world-wide formal teaching practice related with courses is almost entirely a teacher-led one. Therefore,
main problem to be addressed is what will be learners’ position in teacher-led applications. Also, a full
constructivist change requires a more comprehensive change beyond the grasp of understanding. For this, it is
tried to propose a novel model that depends on rearrangement of interactive direct teaching approach on the
basis of the constructivist learning In this model named as Interactive Direct Teaching Based on Constructivist
Learning (IDTBCL), learning is evaluated as a mental transition or an oriented change from understanding (two
dimensions) to conceptualization or conception (three dimensions).In this study, participants are twenty five
students whose are attending at Department of Chemistry Education at Ataturk University, in Erzurum, Turkey.
Pretest-posttest with no control group, which is a pre-experimental research design, was applied for
determining the effectiveness in practice of the model proposed. In Physical Chemistry course the interactive
direct instruction based on constructivist was conducted during one term. Before applications, a conceptual
questionnaire which contains 10 multiply-choose questions was administrated to this group as a pre-test.
According to pretest results, there was no difference in group in terms of conceptual achievement. Although,
after applications it was observed that there is a significant positive difference between pre-test and post-test
results. This can be attributed to success of the model in terms of the conceptualization and the creation of
three- dimensional mental space of the knowledge.
Key words: Direct teaching; constructivist learning; physical chemistry; teaching model
Why do Primary school English teachers decide to teach

English?
Amengual-Pizarro*, Marian, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca (Baleares), 07022, SPAIN
University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), 28801, SPAIN
García-Laborda, Jesús, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca (Baleares), 07022, SPAIN University
of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), 28801, SPAIN
Abstract
This study is an attempt to explore the nature of L2 teachers’ motivation towards English language learning and
their decision to become English teachers. A total of 45 third-year prospective Primary school English teachers
at the University of the Balearic Islands completed a small-scale survey adapted from Gardner’s
Attitude/Motivation Test Battery (AMBT) in order to investigate their main type of motivation (integrative or
instrumental) (Gardner 1985). Results show that participants are clearly integratively motivated towards
English language learning. However, in line with Dörnyei’s ‘L2 motivational self-system’ theory (2009), results
suggest a no longer clear-cut separation between integrative and instrumental motivation.
Key words: Career motivation; Instrumental and Integrative motivation; Primary school English teachers;
Teacher training; L2 contexts
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Amengual-Pizarro, Marian, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de

Mallorca (Baleares), 07022, SPAIN University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), 28801, SPAIN.
E-mail address:marian.amengual@uib.es
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A design practice for interactive- direct teaching based on
constructivist learning (IDTBCL): boiling and evaporation
Ahmet GÜRSES, Atatürk University, K.K. Education Faculty, Department of Chemistry, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
Kübra GÜNEŞ ,Atatürk University, K.K. Education Faculty, Department of Chemistry, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
Tuba DALĞA, Atatürk University, K.K. Education Faculty, Department of Chemistry, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
Abstract
In Interactive Direct Teaching Based on Constructivist Learning (IDTBCL), learning is evaluated as an oriented
change or a mental passing from comprehending to understanding. The mental transition which will be
actualized through the teaching activities in lesson practice of this approach includes creating the awareness of
students related to the current concepts, creating a broad mental space including multiple conceptual parts,
providing the adaptation of the new information to the previous knowledge through constant contextual
communication, and harmonization. Misconceptions on Boiling and Evaporation are frequently encountered. In
this study, fifty students studying at a state high school in province of Erzurum were chosen as the sample
group. Half of the participants were determined as the control group and the rest as the experimental group.
The implementation was performed as a quasi-experimental research design practice in the form of a control
group pre-test post-test. A conceptual success test was administrated to the groups before the
implementations as the pre-test. According to the results of pre-test, no significant difference between the
groups was observed in terms of the conceptual success. After the teaching was accomplished by the same
teacher in both groups, a significant difference was determined between the groups according to the post-test
results and this difference was associated with the teacher’s sense of learning. The significant positive change
determined in the experimental group can be attributed to the positive attitude of the student towards this
approach.
Key words: Constructivist learning; direct teaching; Interactive direct teaching; Interactive Direct Teaching
Based on Constructivist Learning (IDTBCL)
Chemistry, 25240 Erzurum. E-mail address:ahmetgu@yahoo.com
Greek Mythology and Education: From Theory to Practice

Francisco Javier López Frias, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Laboratory of General Peagogy, Piazza L. De
Bosis, 15, 00135 Rome, Italy.
Emanuele Isidori, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Laboratory of General Peagogy, Piazza L. De Bosis, 15,
00135 Rome, Italy.
Clea Hadjistephanou Papaellina,University of Cyprus, Department of Education, Dramas street, 11-13, 1077
Nicosia, Cyprus
Abstract
This paper analyses the role that mythical Greek narratives should play in contemporary Olympic education.
We will show how Olympism and its ideals are rooted in myths. Greek sports were structured according to
ancient Greece religious values and rituals. For example, athletes competed to “become immortal” (being
awarded by the gods) through achieving victory and fame in the sporting arena. In modern times, Olympism
aimed at becoming a mythology, that is, a “secular religion”. We find this idea, for instance, in De Coubertin’s
conception of modern sport as a religio athletae. To show if contemporary (post-modern) sports can be turned
into such a thing, we will provide an existential and phenomenological analysis of the myth phenomenon. In so
doing, mythos and logos will be unified in a “new agonistic paideia.” By embracing a universalist (or continuist)
conception of both sport ideals and human nature, we will argue that contemporary sports have the potential
to use mythical narratives to convey their values, that is to say, to teach Olympic sports values. We do not even
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need to create new myths. Rather, we can use those that we already have to teach important values. To prove
this claim, we will use Heracles’ myth to present a normative account of the athlete and show how we can use
myths to teach Olympic values.
Key words: Greek Myths; Olympic Education; Olympic Sports; Pedagogy of Sport; Ethics.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Francisco Javier López Frias, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Laboratory
of General Peagogy, Piazza L. De Bosis, 15, 00135 Rome, Italy. E-mail address:labopedagogia@gmail.com
University student communities and media habits: from

formal LMS to social networks
Andrea Garavaglia*, Dipartimento di Scienze Umane per la Formazione “Riccardo Massa”, Università degli
Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20125 Milano, Italy
Livia Petti, Dipartimento di Scienze Umane per la Formazione “Riccardo Massa”, Università degli Studi di
Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20125 Milano, Italy
Abstract
According to Wenger (1998) communities of practice are important, not only for the profiles of professionals,
but also for university students that do not know each other personally, but nevertheless share a "common
practice" (Brown, Doguid, 2000, p.205), in order to activate dynamics to exchange knowledge and help each
other (Trentin, 2004). From 2005 to 2011 the Department of Education of University of Milan – Bicocca opened
four student communities, one for each degree course using the Learning Management System DoceboLMS,
for the purpose of answering student’s orientation needs, engaging students in discussing university issues and
sharing resources. The first surveys confirmed the positive acceptation of the communities as an important
place to discuss issues, share common goals and find important information about the degree programs.
Notwithstanding anything contained above, from 2012 due to the growth of social network users (CENSIS 2012,
Nielsen 2012), the students of the Department of Education began to spontaneously create Facebook groups
and to move slowly to them from official communities in LMS. In this research we present the results of a
longitudinal study on comparing the use and perception of quality of communities implemented in LMS versus
those of Facebook groups. This analysis is the cause from which the Department decided to adopt Facebook
groups instead of formal LMS for develop students communities. The results of this research highlight the
importance of media habits over other factors also in the presence of processes where there are high levels of
quality realized in less used media.
Key words: Community, Social Network, LMS, University
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Andrea Garavaglia, Dipartimento di Scienze Umane per la Formazione

“Riccardo Massa”, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20125 Milano, Italy.
E-mail address:andrea.garavaglia@unimib.it
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Effects of Embodiment-Based Learning on Perceived
Cooperation Process and Social Flow
Chun-Wang Wei*, Department of Management Information System, Far East University, Taiwan
Hsin-Hung Chen, Department of Information Management, National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan
Nian-Shing,Department of Information Management, National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan
Abstract
Peer interaction plays an important role during the learning process. Better peer interaction makes learners
willing to share their thoughts to their peer and absorb knowledge from peers. At present, most of the digital
learning materials are designed to use a mouse/keyboard or touch screen. However, it limits learners’
interaction with peers in the operation of traditional user interfaces. To cope with this problem, this study
proposes an embodiment-based learning environment to provide more body interactions. Through the
increasing involvement of the body interaction, it gives learners more opportunities to interact with peers
during the cooperative learning process and facilitates cooperative learning performance. This study designed
an electronic circuit learning activity and evaluated the effeteness of the embodiment-based learning
environment for an experiment including 80 voluntary participants randomly assigned to the “embodiment-
based learning group” and “traditional learning group.” Three variables, learning performance, perceived
cooperative perception and social flow were assessed. Results show that there is no significant difference
among the two groups in learning performance; however, participants in the embodiment-based learning
group have higher perceived cooperation process and social flow during learning process than the traditional
learning group.
Key words: Embodiment-based learning; Cooperative learning; Cooperation process; Social flow; Learning
performance
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Chun-Wang Wei, Department of Management Information System, Far

East University, Taiwan. E-mail address:cwwey@cc.feu.edu.tw
In Music Education, In the Context of Measuring Beats,

Anacrusic Examples Prepared with Simple Time Signature
Deniz Tuncer * , Istanbul Medeniyet University, Unalan mah. Unalan sok. D-100 Karayolu, Yanyol, Üsküdar,
İstanbul 34700, Turkey
Abstract
Measures or bars in music are beats grouped into larger units. This uniting can be taught in a short time
theoretically, however; in performance, perception of time notion has an active part to sense music. This sense
can be learnt by using different implementations. In this paper, in the context of measuring beats, music
examples which were prepared anacrusic form and emphasize the last beat of the measure will be presented
to examine. The importance of the measurement perception is not only the beat, but also the connection
between the beat and the beat after. Thereby, anacrusic form is to be perceived for improving the ability of
musicality.
Aim of the educational music examples is to ensure the internalization of the musical time notion, and to
enhance the connection of the music’s rhythm and the natural human rhythm.
In this paper, measuring beats will be discussed in terms of crusis (downbeat), metacrusis (middle beat) and
anacrusis (upbeat) beats. Unique created music examples in anacrusic form which were prepared with simple
time signatures will be presented in this paper. Musical phrase and its form by emphasizing upbeats will be
clearly explained with examples.
Key words: Anacrusic form; music examples; music education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Deniz Tuncer, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Unalan mah. Unalan sok. D-
100 Karayolu, Yanyol, Üsküdar, İstanbul 34700, Turkey. E-mail address:denizozdemirtuncer@gmail.com
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Involving adult educators in quality assessment processes
Gilberto Marzano*, Rezekne University of Applied Scienzes, Atbrīvošanas aleja 115, Rēzekne, LV 4601, Latvia
Velta Lubkina, Rezekne University of Applied Scienzes, Atbrīvošanas aleja 115, Rēzekne, LV 4601, Latvia
Svetana Usca, Rezekne University of Applied Scienzes, Atbrīvošanas aleja 115, Rēzekne, LV 4601, Latvia
Abstract
This paper presents results from an investigation conducted in Latvia within the EU project EduEval (Evaluation
for the Professional Development of Adult Education Staff) on the issue of adult education evaluation
strategies. The investigation methodology was based on the review of current literature, analysis of statistic
data and available official documents, and a sample of semi-structured interviews.
The Latvian strategies about adult education evaluation are presented and discussed at the light of 16 semi-
structured elite interviews designed to elicit both opinions and suggestions from a small sample of selected
stakeholders. From our research, it results that adult educators’ opinions mirror the adult learners’ context
and attitudes. The confidence that professionals expressed on the government effort to introduce the quality
assessment and validation processes in adult education is remarkable, especially in non-formal and informal
learning.
Key words: adult education, adult educators evaluation, Latvian adult educators and learners, EduEval project
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Gilberto Marzano, Rezekne University of Applied Scienzes, Atbrīvošanas

aleja 115, Rēzekne, LV 4601, Latvia. E-mail address:gilberto.marzano@ru.lv
Educational Paradigms and Philosophy of Football Coaching:

a Theoretical and Practical Perspective
Emanuele Isidori,University of Rome "Foro Italico", Laboratory of General Pedagogy, Piazza L. De Bosis, 15,
Rome 00135, Italy
Mascia Migliorati, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Laboratory of General Pedagogy, Piazza L. De Bosis, 15,
Rome 00135, Italy
Claudia Maulini, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Laboratory of General Pedagogy, Piazza L. De Bosis, 15,
Rome 00135, Italy
Rafael Ramos Echazarreta*, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Laboratory of General Pedagogy, Piazza L. De
Bosis, 15, Rome 00135, Italy
Abstract
The main goal of this study is to reflect upon both the role and the function of the sports coach as an educator
as well as upon coaching as an educational practice. This will be done from a philosophical perspective
grounded in educational research. Football coaches are professionals who require critical skills and awareness
of the worldviews that guide their practice. Nonetheless, coaching in football is commonly perceived as a non-
educational practice. This means that it focuses solely on technical issues regarding how to teach the skills of
the game. In contrast to this common trend, we shall present and expose five philosophical paradigms in the
tradition of Western philosophy of sport which conceive of the sport coach as an educator of youth. These
paradigms are the pragmatist, the idealist, the positivist, the existentialist and the socio-critical, which we shall
derive from the results of a questionnaire built to detect the preferences of football coaches in relation to the
philosophical profiles linked to them. This questionnaire also shows that the philosophical profile of youth
football coaches depends on variables such as the age and the context of training.
Key words: Sport Philosophy, Education, Paradigms, Coaching, Football
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Rafael Ramos Echazarreta, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Laboratory of
General Pedagogy, Piazza L. De Bosis, 15, Rome 00135, Italy. E-mail address:labopedagogia@gmail.com
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Entrepreneurs acting as mentors in online communities for
students enrolled in MA studies
Catalin Martin * , University of Bucharest, Mihail Kogalniceanu Blvd, 050107, Bucharest, Romania
Abstract
The importance of teaching entrepreneurship for non-business students in the last couple of years have been
accepted by Romanian academia but the adoption of successful teaching methods experienced in the Northern
countries should be adapted to the students particularities.
People exposed to entrepreneurship frequently express that they have more opportunity to exercise creative
freedoms, higher self-esteem and an overall greater sense of control over their own lives, which means that
entrepreneurship should be regarded as a rather successful career outcome for most people (Parker 2009).
There have been conducted several studies on the importance on teaching entrepreneurship using some, let's
say, "offline" methods: presentations by entrepreneurs, trainings in entrepreneurship on different topics or
workshops with entrepreneurs. This paper will try to approach an "online" based method, online mentoring or
eMentoring (Martin & Strunga, 2010), how entrepreneurs should and could be engaged as mentors for
students in non-business studies interested in developing their entrepreneurship competences and put their
ideas into practice. There will be presented some solutions for setting-up an online community of
entrepreneurs, what should be the "eMentoring" skills for an entrepreneur and how this type of community
could be sustained by universities and entrepreneurs networks.
Key words: mentoring; entrepreneurship; skills; attitudes; online community
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Catalin Martin, University of Bucharest, Mihail Kogalniceanu Blvd, 050107,
Bucharest, Romania. E-mail address:catalin.martinn@gmail.com
The Role of Films in Literature Education at Departments of

German Language and Literature in Turkey
Alper KELEŞ* , University of Sakarya, Department of German Language and Literature, Sakarya, 54187, Turkey
Abstract
Nowadays the impact of technological advancements have been increasing in daily life gradually, therefore we
encounter plenty of innovations in educational field. Especially, audiovisual materials which are used in
education are relevant to technology directly so this fact directs us to examine the usage of the audiovisual
materials in literature education. Film makes the reception of literary work easier by using audiovisual
elements directly and the aspect of equipment which is used, film is qualified as technological benefit for the
departments of literature. A great deal of literary works is adapted into films and literature has been a source
for film industry and it is in progress. In this research we have evaluated whether or not the departments of
German Language and Literature in Turkey use films which are as an indicator of technological progresses and
in case they are used, which types of films are preferred and what would be learning outcomes by analyzing
curriculums of related departments.
Key words: Usage of Film in Education, Film Adaptations, Training Materials in Departments of German
Language and Literature, Audiovisual Method in Literature Education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Alper Keleş, University of Sakarya, Department of German Language and
Literature, Sakarya, 54187, Turkey. E-mail address:akeles@sakarya.edu.tr
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Sport as Education: Between Dignity and Human Rights
Emanuele Isidori*, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza L. De Bosis, 15, Rome 00135, Italy
Mirca Benetton, University of Padua, Via Beato Pellegrino, 28, Padua 35137, Italy
Abstract
The main topic of this study is the relationship between sport and dignity. By taking a pedagogical perspective,
we will analyze whether sport, understood as human and educational practice, expresses human dignity and
human rights, as stated in the Olympic Charter as well as in many declarations and documents of United
Nations and the Council of Europe. Everybody has the right to health, social inclusion, and leisure: this is the
reason why the above mentioned international organizations regard sport, which is always referred to as
healthy and ludic activity, as a key means to promote the fundamental rights and dignity of people as human
beings and citizens. Nevertheless, we will argue that the way in which we conceive sport in our society is at
odds with the goal of turning it into real inclusive practice. For this reason, we need to critically rethink sport in
order to avoid the presence of the so-called “hidden curriculum” in the discourse that conceives of sport as a
human right linked to the concept of human dignity. In this study, we will use a deconstructionist
methodological approach. Our main conclusion will be that sport can be better rethought from a social,
inclusive, and educational perspective, rather than from a merely rhetorical one. From such an inclusive
standpoint, sport can play a fundamental role to promote both contemporary human rights education and
human dignity.
Key words: Sport; Education: Dignity; Pedagogy; Human rights
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Emanuele Isidori, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza L. De Bosis, 15,
Rome 00135, Italy. E-mail address:mirca.benetton@unipd.it
A NEEDS ASSESSMENT IN RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

OF NAVAL MEDICAL DEPARTMENT PERSONNEL
Artittaya Duangmanee*, Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing, Bangkok 10600, Thailand
Arporn Chuduan, Naval Medical Department, Bangkok 10600, Thailand
Watcharaporn Cheoysuwan, Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing, Bangkok 10600, Thailand
Abstract
The purpose of this descriptive research was to study the needs for Naval Medical Department personnel to
understand research methodology. The 324 samples consisted of physicians, dentists, pharmacologists,
medical technicians, physiologists, psychologists, radiologists, nutritionists, social workers, professional nurses
and technical nurses who were recruited by stratified random sampling. The research instrument was a
questionnaire consisted of 2 parts: a 5-rating scale and dual response items. The instrument was tested for
content validity using 5 experts, and the reliability of the instrument was equal to 0.99. To analyze the data, the
descriptive statistics and PNIModified. were used for needs assessment. The findings were: 1.The need for
information about research methodology, using both detailed and overall scores, included the statistics used
and data analysis, research project management, and publication. 2. The need for information about the
research introduction aspect included the operational definition of variables writing and variables identification
3. The need for information about the research design aspect included the qualitative research, the future
research and the research and development. 4. The need for information about the statistics used and the data
analysis aspect included the nonparametric statistics and discriminant analysis. 5. The need for information
about the data analysis presentation, conclusions and findings discussion aspect included the data analysis
presentation and the conclusions and findings discussion. 6. The need for information about the research
publication aspect included the research article writing and the presentation in academic conference. 7. The
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need for information about the research project management aspect included research project writing for
receiving the grants and the research funding agencies.
Key words: Needs Assessment in research methodology
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Artittaya Duangmanee, Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing, Bangkok
10600, Thailand. E-mail address:artittayad@hotmail.com
Effects of the Dialogic and Traditional Reading Techniques

on Children’s Language Development
Zeynep Ceren Şimşek*, Pamukkale University, Faculty of Education, Denizli,20200, Turkey
Nesrin Işıkoğlu Erdoğan, Pamukkale University, Faculty of Education, Denizli,20200, Turkey
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the efficacy of a 4-week dialogic reading intervention on the receptive
and expressive language skills of 4-5 year old children from low-income families. Control group with pretest –
posttest model in experimental design was used. Forty-six children attending a public kindergarten in Denizli
were randomly placed in an experiment and a control group. Data were collected through “TEDİL-3” and
“Personal Information Form.” In the experimental group, 8 picture books were read by the researcher two
times a week for four weeks through dialogic reading techniques. In the control group, the same 8 picture
books were read by the classroom teacher through traditional reading. The results showed advances in
children’s language development in favor of the experimental group. Suggestions related to literature were
discussed.
Key words: Dialogic reading; traditional reading, language development
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Zeynep Ceren Şimşek, Pamukkale University, Faculty of Education,

Denizli,20200, Turkey. E-mail address:cyesilyurt@pau.edu.tr
Digital Learning in EFL Classrooms

Serhat Akyüz, Balikesir University, Necatibey Education Faculty. Soma cad. Dinkçiler Mah,10100 Balıkesir,
Turkey
Fatih Yavuz,Balikesir University, Necatibey Education Faculty. Soma cad. Dinkçiler Mah,10100 Balıkesir, Turkey
Abstract
In today’s world; by means of growing technological improvements and innovations; life is now easier than it
was before. As it can be witnessed in every corner of the society, the classrooms are also affected by digitalized
world. Accordingly, the term ‘digital learning’ took its place in education world. It can be defined as any
instructional practice that is effectively using technology to strengthen the student learning experience
(Alliance for Excellent Education 2012). The aim of this paper is to put some theoretical information on digital
learning into consideration by reviewing some studies in this field. As a result of this study, it is realized that the
future learning is digital and it affects not only the learning procedure but also the learners and the teachers as
a whole.
Key words: Digital learning; EFL; technology
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Serhat Akyüz, Balikesir University, Necatibey Education Faculty. Soma cad.
Dinkçiler Mah,10100 Balıkesir, Turkey. E-mail address: serhatakyuz@balikesir.edu.tr
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The Perspective of Science and Religion in High School
Biology Teachers in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay: a
comparative study.
Heslley Machado Silva, University Centre of Formiga, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo de Sena, Formiga-MG, 35570-000,
Brazil
Eduardo Fleury Mortimer, Faculty of Education of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte-MG,
31270-901, Brazil
Daiana Evilin Gibram, University Centre of Formiga, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo de Sena, Formiga-MG, 35570-000,
Brazil
Aladir Horácio dos Santos, University Centre of Formiga, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo de Sena, Formiga-MG, 35570-
000, Brazil
Graça S. Carvalho, Research Centre on Child Studies (CIEC), Institute of Education, University of Minho, 4701-
0057 Braga, Portugal
Abstract
The relationship between science and religion has been marked by historically constructed movements of
proximity and conflict. We have investigated how high school biology teachers from three countries with
different relationships between State and religion, Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay, conceive the science-religion
relationship. Uruguay has consolidated secularism, Argentina has an official religion and Brazil calls itself
secular, but its secularism is only relative. Fifty high school biology teachers from each country answered the
European BIOHEAD-CITIZEN data collection questionnaire, which investigates teachers' conceptions of
biological evolution, health, sexuality, and other topics. The question used was "Should science and religion be
separate?" Conflict, independence, dialogue and integration categories were considered in the analysis and the
results were submitted to parametric testing. Most Uruguayan high school biology teachers tended to agree
with the investigated question, with a lower ratio in Brazil, followed by Argentina. Uruguayan teachers tended
to be more assertive in their agreement. The main category was partially confirmed as teachers from Uruguay,
the country with a greater secular tradition, tended to agree with the separation between science and religion.
In Brazil and Argentina, the category was not confirmed. In Brazil, a self-proclaimed secular country, high
school biology teachers were more opposed to the separation between science and religion, while in
Argentina, a country with an official religion, they supported the possibility of dialogue and integration
between them. We concluded that the respondents felt that science and religion should be separate, but
trends varied according to the historical and cultural religiosity features of the selected countries, with a partial
influence of secularism on the responses.
Key words: Science, Religion, Evolution, Secularism, Teachers
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Heslley Machado Silva, University Centre of Formiga, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo
de Sena, Formiga-MG, 35570-000, Brazil. E-mail address:heslley@uniformg.edu.br
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The Development of Information Systems for the traditional
Occupation of the Local Community
Satien Janpla, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-TongNok Road, Dusit, Bangkok, Thailand
Kunyanuth Kularbphettong, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-TongNok Road, Dusit, Bangkok, Thailand
Rattanathip Rattanachai, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-TongNok Road, Dusit, Bangkok, Thailand
Kanokwan Tangtastham, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-TongNok Road, Dusit, Bangkok, Thailand
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to develop information systems for the traditional occupation of the local
community. To store the occupation database and to promote and occupation on website. By working in a Web
Application to provide services to users anywhere with the convenient and faster. This system was developed
to run on MySQL database system, using PHP and JavaScript for programming languages. For system
evaluation, we used questionnaires for quality test that were conducted by 7 specialists and 30 users, data
were analysed by the mean and the standard deviation. Results of this study were as followed. Means for
specialists and users were 4.32 and 4.53 and standard deviation for specialists and users were 0.55 and 0.61
respectively. Further analysis showed that the quality of information systems for the traditional occupation of
the local community was also at a good level and could be use in real system
Key words: Traditional occupation, Community, Web application, and black box technique
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Satien Janpla, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-TongNok Road,
Dusit, Bangkok, Thailand. E-mail address:satien@ssru.ac.th
Selecting the most relevant character strengths for

Norwegian Army officers: An educational tool
Ole Boe,Department of Military Leadership and Tactics, Norwegian Military Academy, Oslo, Norway
Henning Bang, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Fredrik A. Nilsen, Department of Military Leadership and Tactics, Norwegian Military Academy, Oslo, Norway
Abstract
Problem statement: Officers educated from the Norwegian Military Academy will most likely serve in leading
roles in future international operations. This will demand both intellect and character. However, there is a lack
of systematic research on which specific character traits are particularly important to develop during military
training and education in Norway. Purpose of study: This paper discusses the process of selecting which
character strengths deemed as the most important to develop in cadets attending the Norwegian Military
Academy. Method: Two groups of participants, one expert group and one military group, were given a list of 24
character strengths from VIA-IS (Peterson & Seligman, 2004) to select from. Findings and Results: The following
9 character strengths were selected as most important in both groups: leadership, integrity, persistence,
bravery, citizenship, open-mindedness, social intelligence, self-regulation and creativity. In addition, the
character strengths perspective, fairness, and love of learning were chosen by the military group, adding up to
a total of 12 character strengths. Conclusions and recommendations: These 12 character strengths were
selected for further research, i.e. to explore ways of measuring them live in military training exercises, to find
out the extent to which they can be developed through military training, and to see if any of the 12 character
strengths predict military officer performance better than other.
Key words: character; character strengths; military; education
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Views Of Biology Teacher Candidates About Context Based
Approach
Cem Gerçek, Hacettepe University, Deparment of Secondary School Science and Math, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
Özgür Özcan, Hacettepe University, Deparment of Secondary School Science and Math, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
Abstract
Biology is one of the courses that explain natural events. However, in literature there are some studies claiming
that the association level of students between daily life events and biology subjects is very low. Contest-based
approach is described as the starting point for the development of scientific ideas in science teaching. In this
approach real-life contexts are used to introduce concepts. The purpose of this study is to determine biology
teacher candidates’ view about context based approach. In this study the qualitative research method was
used and the participants of this study consist of 14 volunteer senior teacher candidates from the division of
biology education in Hacettepe University. A questionnaire was used as a data collection tool. The collected
data was analyzed by using the content analysis method. In the light of the results, it is determined that the
biology teacher candidates has some lack of knowledge about context based approach and it should be
improved by using the context based approach activity in courses at university level so that the teachers
candidates should be aware of with guides about context based approach.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Cem Gerçek, Hacettepe University, Deparment of Secondary School

Science and Math, Ankara, 06800, Turkey E-mail address:cgercek@hacettepe.edu.tr
A comparative examination of the 2013 Musical Aptitude

Test scores of music education students and their 1st
academic year GPAs
R. Erol Demirbatır, Uludağ University, Faculty of Education Music Education Department, Görükle, Bursa,
16059, Türkiye
Hatice Çeliktaş,Uludağ University, Faculty of Education Music Education Department, Görükle, Bursa, 16059,
Türkiye
Doruk Engür*,Uludağ University, Faculty of Education Music Education Department, Görükle, Bursa, 16059,
Türkiye
Abstract
In Turkey, BA degree Music education programs accept students according to their Musical Aptitude Test
scores in addition to the Transition to Higher Education Examination (YGS) scores due to the fact that music
requires special talent. Musical Aptitude tests are prepared and applied by the Music Departments of
universities. The Musical Aptitude Test that is used in Music Education BA program in Uludag University
consists of two parts. The first part aims to determine the readiness level of the candidates in terms of music
theory and ear training and serves as an elimination exam. The second part of the exam, on the other hand,
intends to evaluate the musical talents of instrument and voice, and is used as a selection exam. Within this
context, it is expected that students’ success on the musical aptitude test has a significant impact on their
GPAs. The relation between those two scores is thought to be crucial to obtain the data to determine validity of
the test especially when the purpose of the test is considered. For this reason, students' GPAs, Ear Training and
Musical Literacy I-II, Major Performance I-II, Solo Vocal Training I-II class average grades and 2013 Musical
Aptitude test scores are analyzed comparatively. Positive correlation is sustained between the musical aptitude
test scores and first year GPAs of the students as a result of descriptive analysis. Moreover, the results show
that Musical Aptitude test applied in 2013 has a high degree of validity.
Key words: Music Education; Musical Aptitude Test; Validity
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Doruk Engür, Uludağ University, Faculty of Education Music Education
Department, Görükle, Bursa, 16059, Türkiye. E-mail address:haticeliktas@gmail.com
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A study on testing reliability of 2013 Musical Aptitude Test
scores conducted by Music Education Department in Uludag
University
Doruk Engür, Uludağ University, Faculty of Education Music Education Department, Görükle, Bursa, 16059,
Türkiye.
Hatice Çeliktaş*, Uludağ University, Faculty of Education Music Education Department, Görükle, Bursa, 16059,
Türkiye.
R. Erol Demirbatır,Uludağ University, Faculty of Education Music Education Department, Görükle, Bursa,
16059, Türkiye.
Abstract
Music Education is among Higher Education programs which accept their students according to their aptitude
test scores. The aptitude tests are designed and applied specifically by the institution itself according to the
specific needs and expectations of its education policy. Therefore, test contents, test formats, degree of
difficulty and assessment criteria may vary accordingly. It is crucial for institutions to evaluate their test and
examine its validity and reliability and they have to make the necessary changes when needed in order to
sustain a better selection procedure. In accordance with this objective, this paper is an attempt to determine
the reliability of the Musical Aptitude Test carried out by Music Education Department of Uludag University in
2013. To calculate the reliability, the Cronbach’s Alpha is employed for the first part of the test, which only
includes multiple choice questions and for the second part which is based on the performance of candidates,
Kendall’s W is carried out, since it measures the agreement among raters. The results indicate that the scores
of Music Aptitude Test applied in 2013 have a high degree of reliability in terms of both parts of the test.
Key words: Music Education; Musical Aptitude Test;Reliability
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Hatice Çeliktaş, Uludağ University, Faculty of Education Music Education
Department, Görükle, Bursa, 16059, Türkiye. E-mail address:haticeliktas@gmail.com
If you like music, you can “play” grammar

Laura Chiriac* , Faculty of Communication Sciences, “Politehnica” University of Timişoara, 2A, Traian Lalescu
street, Timişoara 300223, Romania
Abstract
The paper intends to show that a difficult French grammar subject, siconditionnel (ifconditional), can be
discovered and learned in a pleasant way through a song, « Et si tu n’existais pas » (“And if you didn’t exist”),
performed by the famous American-French singer and songwriter – Joe Dassin. To refresh, deepen and
consolidate the grammar knowledge on the expression of condition / hypothesis, we can apply deductive
approach, stimulating students’ creativity. We can also develop the students’ productive capacity using the
grammatical structures so that they can understand the text of an audio document and discover the second
rule of siconditionnel in the song lyrics. Another goal is to make students recognize the verb tenses in the main
and in the conditional subordinate clauses, too, by applying the contrastive method, discover the differences
between the verb tenses in the conditional subordinate clause in French language, in relation to the Romanian
one. Then, students must correctly apply the three siconditionnel rules in the document text and in other
communication situations which, also, stimulates their creativity. Finally, after the model of Jean-Luc Moreau’s
« Si… » (“If…”) poem, students must imagine an upside down world, where anything can be funny and
unexpected. Thus, when grammar rhymes with imaginary and siconditionnel, students can write their own
poems.
Key words: French grammar; English grammar; French “if conditional” rules; unconventional teaching method;
student’s creativity
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Laura Chiriac, Faculty of Communication Sciences, “Politehnica” University

of Timişoara, 2A, Traian Lalescu street, Timişoara 300223, Romania. E-mail address:laura_franc@yahoo.fr
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Postgraduate studies in arts education: expectations of
programme management and social partners
Birute Baneviciute, Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, Studentų str. 39, Vilnius LT-08106, Lithuania
Jolita Kudinoviene*, Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, Studentų str. 39, Vilnius LT-08106, Lithuania
Abstract
Problem of teacher education quality has been discussed in Lithuania frequently over last twenty years by
scholars, politicians, administrators, employers, teacher educators and teachers themselves. Not an exception
is arts teacher education. Our purpose in this study is to discuss coherence between expectations of
postgraduate arts education study programme management and social partners. Seeking to answer questions
methods of literature review, autoetnography, interview and survey of social partners were applied. The results
of the research show that programme management expects postgraduate arts education studies to deepen
competences to plan, implement, research, evaluate and improve content of arts education in various types of
formal and non-formal educational institutions while graduates are disposed for lifelong learning and seeking
new knowledge in more abstract way. Employers outline need of arts education teacher as a leader, active
organizer, school community bringer and culture bearer.
Key words: arts education; teacher education; postgraduate studies; social partners
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Birute Baneviciute, Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, Studentų

str. 39, Vilnius LT-08106, Lithuania. E-mail address:birute.baneviciute@leu.lt
Teacher-Pupil Interaction: Factors Strengthening and

Impairing Adolescent’s Self-esteem
Asta Meškauskienė, Faculty of Education, Lithuanian University of Education Sciences, Studentų st. 39, LT-
Abstract
Self-esteem is considered to be one of the most essential personality constructs, which does not lose its
relevance through the period of human existence. According to the psychologists, self-esteems remains as an
important criteria of person’s significance through various age groups, as well as while the goals of human life,
achievements and needs are changing. Scholars, who study the construct of self-esteem, notice the tendency
of self-esteem decrease during the period of adolescence, if comparing to other age groups. The majority of
psychological researches, that reveal structural components of self-esteem construct as well as determinants
of adolescence high self-esteem, usually distinguish the significance of family, interpersonal relationships with
peers, academic achievements, learning environment and social skills.
Key words: teacher-pupil interaction, adolescence, high self-esteem, low self-esteem
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Asta Meškauskienė, Faculty of Education, Lithuanian University of

Education Sciences, Studentų st. 39, LT-08106 Vilnius, Lithuania.
E-mail address:asta.meskauskiene@leu.lt
Problems and Activities in Listening Skills in EFL Classrooms;

from Tradition to a more Comprehensible Input
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Fatih Yavuz*, Balikesir University, Necatibey Education Faculty, Kasaplar Mah Balikesir 10100 Turkey
Nuriye Değirmenci, Balikesir University, Necatibey Education Faculty, Kasaplar Mah Balikesir 10100 Turkey
Serhat Akyüz, Balikesir University, Necatibey Education Faculty, Kasaplar Mah Balikesir 10100 Turkey
Hande Yılmaz,Balikesir University, Necatibey Education Faculty, Kasaplar Mah Balikesir 10100 Turkey
Özgür Çelik, Balikesir University, Necatibey Education Faculty, Kasaplar Mah Balikesir 10100 Turkey
Abstract
Listening comes from the emergence of the human being. It has always been a crucial part of interaction. It is
not just hearing the other side but through the message having an agreement or giving the right response with
the help of grammatical knowledge. While listening understanding the speakers accent or pronunciation, his
grammar and his vocabulary, and grasping his meaning. An able listener is capable of doing these four things
simultaneously.’ (Howatt and Dakin, 1993 p.16)
Learners in our context have many problems in getting the intended meaning of their interlocutors. These
problems are listed and this paper by giving the literature related to listening skills and lists sample listening
programs to help learners to overcome their listening problems.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Fatih Yavuz, Balikesir University, Necatibey Education Faculty, Kasaplar
Mah Balikesir 10100 Turkey. E-mail address:yavuzf@hotmail.com
The View of Teachers on Child Delinquency in the TRNC

Kyrenia Sample
Ülkü Beyoğlu*, OsmanTurkay Nursery School, Ozanköy –TRNC
Ayşem Tombak, Karaoğlanoğlu Primary School-TRNC
Abstract
The view of teachers, working in secondary education in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, on child
delinquency is examined in this study. A questionnaire of 9 questions was applied to teachers working in junior
high and high schools in the Kyrenia district. The questionnaire form contains a definition of child, causes of
delinquency, ways of preventing it, types of delinquency that educators encounter around themselves and
questions on trial and punishment. Some questions could be given more than one answer (for example the
three most important ones). Laws have defined the conclusion of childhood in different ways. While the
Constitution of the TRNC does not accept any citizen as of full legal age until the completion of 18, the Child
Delinquency Act of the TRNC defines a child as someone under the age of 14. According to the first article of
the Declaration of the Rights of the Child by the UN, every human being is a child until the age of 18 except the
situation of becoming of legal age earlier, based on the law that can be applied to the child. The child is not
accepted as a bad or good creature from birth. Being a tool for socializing for the individual, education also
carries out an important function in developing the type of relationship and behavioral style. It is a
comparatively new consideration taking place in society that children accepted as guilty, should not be judged
under the same conditions with adults, should not be sentenced to the same punishments, and should be
redound to the community through education. The study was carried out with a quantitative approach and a
survey was applied. The study is of importance for observing the opinions of educators towards child
delinquency.
Key words: Administration, educational administration, administrator, administrator roles
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ülkü Beyoğlu, OsmanTurkay Nursery School, Ozanköy –TRNC.

E-mail address:ulku.beyoglu@yahoo.com
Examining Some Values in the Social Studies Programme Applied in
Turkey in Terms of Their Relations
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Yusuf KESKİN, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sakarya 54300, Turkey
Ayşegül KIRTEL, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sakarya 54300, Turkey
Sevgi COŞKUN KESKİN, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sakarya 54300, Turkey
Abstract
A qualified and an effective citizen is the one who is aware of his values and reflects his virtues into his own life.
The course which aims to educate a citizen with these qualities in our country is Social Studies. Social Studies
education enables person to have a concept of merit and creates an application area for it. In this sense, it is
aimed for the students in primary and secondary education to reveal a value perspective and to create a value
comparison. For this purpose values planned to be developed in the social studies programme for 5th-8th
grades such as honesty, justice, helpfulness, solidarity have been selected. Singular cross-hatching model has
been used in this study among general cross-hatching models. The value association test, which was designed
to achieve the goal about the topic, has been applied to 121 5th graders and 148 8th graders, that is to say
totally to 269 students. Findings have been analysed in terms of frequency and percentage. Values higher than
30,20,15 and 10 cut- points have been associated with one another via mind maps. At the end of the study,
mind maps of the students related with values have been drawn. When findings were examined it has been
understood that students are mistaken about cooperation and charity values as well as honesty and justice.
Besides, when the replies given to solidarity and helpfulness are examined, it is seen that the common value is
helpfulness; similarly, when those of honesty and justice are examined, it is seen that the common values are
helpfulness and honesty.
Key words: Social Studies Education, Education of Values, Mind Maps, Value Association
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Yusuf Keskin, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sakarya 54300, Turkey.

E-mail address:ykeskin@sakarya.edu.tr
Analysis Of Personality Factors Influence On Sports Performances In

Beam Event In Women’s Artistic Gymnastics
Vladimir Potop, Ecological University of Bucharest, str. Vasile Milea nr.1G, 061342, Romania
Vasilica Grigore, National University of Physical Education and Sport from Bucharest, str. Constantin Noica
nr.140, 060057, Romania
Olivia Carmen Timnea, Ecological University of Bucharest, str. Vasile Milea nr.1G, 061342, Romania
Cristina Moraru,"Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Jassy, Address: 3, Toma Cozma Street, Jassy, Romania
Abstract
This study is intended to analyze the influence of personality qualities on sports performances achieved in
competitions during beam event in the case of junior gymnasts aged 12 to15. The study was conducted over
two stages: the first stage, initial testing - September 2012 and the second stage - final testing - September
2013, with a group formed of 14 gymnasts 12 to 15 years old, members of junior Olympic team of Romania.
The results of personality factors testing during the initial and final tests have been compared with the scale of
assessment of the analyzed indices; the sports performances in beam event have been assessed according to
the table of the International Code of Points (FIG) in terms of difficulty score, technical execution score and
final score. Making a comparative analysis between the indices of personality qualities and the performances
achieved in competitions in beam event, we have highlighted the level of manifestation of personality factors
and their influence on the sports performances on this apparatus.
Key words: artistic gymnastics, beam, performance, personality
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Vladimir Potop, Ecological University of Bucharest, str. Vasile Milea nr.1G,
061342, Romania. E-mail address:vladimir_potop@yahoo.com
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Pre-Service Teachers’ Responses to Ethical Situations
Related to Teaching Practice
Nantarat Kruea-In, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
Chatchai Kruea-In, Chiang Mai Rajabhat University, Chiang Mai 50300, Thailand
Abstract
Enhancing ethics concerning teaching practice is one of the most important issues in teacher education. All
teachers need to improve their ethical sense for maintaining professional standards in teaching and doing
research as well as monitoring and guiding students’ ethical behaviours. It is crucial for pre-service teachers to
develop their ethical sense during learning in teacher institutions. The purpose of this study is to investigate
pre-service teachers’ responses to ethical situations. The responses were collected from seventy-four third-
year pre-service physical and health education teachers who enrolled in the Ethics and Codes for Teachers
Course in 2014. Six ethical situations with open-ended questions relating to student plagiarisms, teacher-
teacher conflicts, and parent-teacher conflicts were used to gather the pre-service teachers’ views. The pre-
service teachers were grouped into five to seven, discussed with the group members to come up with the best
answers for the six ethical situations. A constant comparative method was employed to analyze the data. The
results revealed multiple compromising solutions for the ethical situations. Details of responses are presented
and discussed.
Key words: Ethics; pre-service teachers; physical and health education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Nantarat Kruea-In, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus,

Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand. E-mail address:fedunrp@ku.ac.th
A Study of Thai In-Service and Pre-Service Science Teachers’

Understanding of Science Process Skills
Chatchai Kruea-In*,Faculty of Science and Technology, Chiang Mai Rajabhat University, Chiang Mai, 50300,
Thailand
Nantarat Kruea-In, Faculty of Education and Development Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen
Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
Witat Fakcharoenphol,Faculty of Education and Development Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen
Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
Abstract
Teaching and learning of science process skills are not only served as basic for the scientific method but also
valuable opportunities for learning about the nature of science. These skills divided into two categories; basic
and integrated skills, rely on individuals’ intellectual thoughts as well as practical abilities. All science teachers
need to develop and be able to use these skills in various science exploratory contexts, and appropriately
transfer these skills to students via effective science teaching strategies. Without accurate understandings, it is
difficult to practically accomplish the skills. An Understanding of Science Process Skill Test (USPST) was
developed corresponding to a Thai context to measure science teachers’ understandings of science process
skills. The test was validated by three experienced science educators. The reliability coefficient was 0.869. One
hundred and twenty-five in-service and fifty-five pre-service science teachers from the Northern and Western
Thailand volunteered to take the test. The results showed that their understandings of each science process
skill were ranged from low to highest levels. The in-service teachers showed greater understanding than the
pre-service teachers. The implication of teacher education program and teaching training are discussed.
Key words: science process skills, in-service, pre-service
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Chatchai Kruea-In, Faculty of Science and Technology, Chiang Mai
Rajabhat University, Chiang Mai, 50300, Thailand. E-mail address:chatchai.krue@gmail.com
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The relationship between guilt, shame and self-efficacy
beliefs in middle school students
Alessia Passanisi, University “Kore” of Enna
Irene Sapienza, University of Catania
Silvia Budello, University of Catania
Flavio Giaimo, University “Kore” of Enna
Abstract
The perception of the self is one of the fundamental constructs in the psychology of personality together with
shame, guilt and self-efficacy, one's perception of ability to influence a situation. This study investigated the
possible link between the psychological components of guilt and shame and the self-efficacy beliefs. 228
middle school students, aged between 12 and 13 years, were administered the Test of Self-Conscious Affect
(TOSCA), the Self-Efficacy in Interpersonal and Social Communication Scale (SEISC) and the Self-Regulatory Self-
Efficacy Scale (SRE). Females scored significantly higher than males on guilt proneness and on SEISC. Guilt
resulted positively and significantly associated with SEISC and SRE. Results suggest that guilt-prone individuals
perceive themselves as capable of managing interpersonal relationships in a proper way and are able to resist
negative peer pressure.
Key words: Shame, Guilt, Self-efficacy
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Alessia Passanisi, University “Kore” of Enna.

E-mail address:alepassa81@hotmail.com
Supervising The Teaching Process Of Algorithms For

Geodetic Networks Analysis, The Link Between The Mentor
And The Debutant
Anca-Maria Moscovici,Politehnica University Timisoara, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Land
Measurements and Cadastre, no 2A, Traian Lalescu street, Timisoara 300223, Romania
Carmen Grecea, Politehnica University Timisoara, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Land
Abstract
Participation in the "University school for initial and continuous training of the teachers and trainers in the field
of technical and engineering specializations – DidaTec", POSDRU/87/1.3/S/60891 has helped to develop new
teaching methods. The mentoring program has led to a good development of the activities necessary for the
creation of constructive links between the debutant teaching staff and the experienced ones. The purpose of
this paper is to analyse and supervise the teaching process using new methods of algorithms for geodetic
networks analysis of a debutant teacher by following the advice of a mentor. The topics approached in
meetings between the debutant and mentor are useful, and the suggestions and observations of the mentor
are easily to integrate and follow as he has a vast experience both as regards the specialty domain and
teaching. As a result of the meetings, evaluation reports were prepared by the debutant through which the
following have been established: the teaching process in blended-learning scenarios and e-learning for
engineering sciences; design and development of a seminarmaterial in electronic form, with the specific
structure of blended learning and e-learning of the geodetic networks. The resulting conclusions are designed
to help the debutant in structuring the information to be presented in this paper, offering the possibility of
developing its teaching capacity of knowledge and of using modern teaching methods needed in the education
of the students.
Key words: education, mentor, debutant,geodetic
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Anca-Maria Moscovici, Politehnica University Timisoara, Faculty of Civil

Engineering, Department of Land Measurements and Cadastre, no 2A, Traian Lalescu street, Timisoara 300223,
Romania. E-mail address:moscovicianca@gmail.com
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The Challenge of Teaching English to Adult Learners in
Today's World
Mihaela Cozma* , Department of English Language, West University of Timişoara, Bd. V. Pârvan 4, Timișoara
300223, Romania
Abstract
Abstract: In close connection to the fact that, during the past few decades, globalization has grown
significantly, more and more adults of different nationalities seek the help of English instructors because they
want to find employment abroad, to communicate more effectively at work, to resort to overseas travels, or
just to enjoy various types of social situations. In any of these cases, the English learners are highly motivated
to study this particular subject. However, those who teach adults must be aware of the differences between
the teaching – learning patterns specific to adults, on the one hand, and those that generally function with
children, on the other. The paper will discuss the cognitive, attitudinal, behavioural and methodological
characteristics presented by the adult learners of English in today’s world, taking into account both theoretical
and research data. The ultimate purpose of this paper is to arrive at conclusions that are relevant for the
English teachers involved in the process of preparing adults for the different situations which require a good
knowledge of this foreign language.
Key words: adult learners, challenges, teaching English to adults, methodological implications
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Mihaela Cozma, Department of English Language, West University of

Timişoara, Bd. V. Pârvan 4, Timișoara 300223, Romania. E-mail address:mihaela.cozma@e-uvt.ro
Teaching competencies for performing in school

vulnerability contexts in Chile
Omar Turra D., Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Campus San Francisco, Temuco,
4813302, Chile.
Vanessa Valdebenito Z., Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Campus San Francisco,
Temuco, 4813302, Chile.
Angélica Torres V., Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Campus San Francisco, Temuco,
4813302, Chile.
Abstract
This paper presents the results of a study designed to determine how teachers working in vulnerable school
situations evaluate their teacher training. The research was undertaken using an objective methodology,
applying a Likert type of additive scale to a sample of teachers (n=30) in Chile's Araucanía region. The results
reveal a positive assessment of the traditional aspects of teacher training but a negative evaluation of key
aspects of performing with vulnerable children, as well as working in rural situations and indigenous contexts.
These data call into question the teacher profiles being built without consideration for the needs and contexts
in which they will be performing.
Key words: Teacher training, pedagogy, school vulnerability.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Omar Turra D., Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica de Temuco,
Campus San Francisco, Temuco, 4813302, Chile. E-mail address:oturra@uct.cl
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Informing strategies: building the communication
framework
Lavinia Suciu, Politehnica University Timişoara, Faculty of Communication Sciences, Traian Lalescu 2a, 300 223
Timişoara, Romania
Simona Şimon, Politehnica University Timişoara, Faculty of Communication Sciences, Traian Lalescu 2a, 300
223 Timişoara, Romania
Abstract
The importance of the new communication means in the teaching process is a familiar, much discussed and
tested topic. The aim of the present paper is to highlighten the fact that an informational content is much
easier understood if the proper communication framework is built. The communication framework takes into
account both the verbal and the visual message.The new technical devices give us the possibility to tell a ’story’
which encloses the informational content. Such a strategy assures and supports the understanding and
memorising process.The teaching method put forward in the present paper is checked through an experiment
done with our students.
Key words: communication framework, content, framing, visual message, strategy
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Lavinia Suciu, Politehnica University Timişoara, Faculty of Communication

Sciences, Traian Lalescu 2a, 300 223 Timişoara, Romania. E-mail address:laviniamsuciu@yahoo.com
The "machine of entrepreneurship": the crisis in Portugal

and a critical discourse analysis through the Theatre of the
Oppressed
Inês Barbosa, Inês Barbosa, CIEC - Institute of Education - University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
Fernando Ilídio Ferreira, Fernando Ilídio Ferreira, CIEC - Institute of Education - University of Minho, 4710-057
Braga, Portugal
Abstract
Entrepreneurship has made its way into dominant discourse through the production and dissemination of a
series of intertwined narratives – “employment is a thing of the past”, “we can’t be tied to the state”,
“unemployment is an opportunity” – and its transposition to public policy, non-governmental organisations,
schools and universities. Since the emergence of the global crisis, in 2008, and its financial, economic and social
impact in Portugal, the “Education for entrepreneurship” has been implemented by several programmes
conducted by municipalities, associations, companies, etc. Even schools’ curricula, since de early years, are now
including this area under the rules of the Ministry of Education. Within a public sociology, a critical discourse
analysis and a participatory action-research, this paper describes and interprets an experience with the Theatre
of the Oppressed, more concretely a performance called “The machine of entrepreneurship”, aiming at
contributing to the deconstruction of the discourse of “entrepreneurship” – its strategies, objectives, contexts
as well as its contradictions – and also promoting a critical education perspective. Research findings show the
ideological nature of the entrepreneurship discourse; its role on changing forms of exploitation, dominance and
control in society, moving from a classical meaning to a more seductive one; and especially the ways by which
the “education for entrepreneurship” has been taking the place of “education for citizenship” in schools.
Key words: crisis; austerity; Portugal; “entrepreneurship machine”; Theatre of the Opressed; critical education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Fernando Ilídio Ferreira, Fernando Ilídio Ferreira, CIEC - Institute of
Education - University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. E-mail address:inesbarbosa83@gmail.com
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A comparative study of teaching style and infrastructure of
learning of higher education in Austria and Kazakhstan
Olga Dauletovna Nessipbayeva* , PhD. in Pedagogics, Associate Professor of Kazakh-British Technical
University, Kazakhstan
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is a comparative study of teaching styles and infrastructure of learning in higher
education. Understanding about teaching style and infrastructure of learning leads to increase students’
motivation that influence subsequent achievements and higher quality of education. Overall, the findings
highlight the importance of teaching style and infrastructure of learning and suggest that instructors can
provide students with more successful learning experiences to ensure more confidence in their learning
abilities. Methodology. A survey conducted on the basis of Adapted Principles of Adult Learning Styles (PALS by
Conti, 2004), the present study investigates the teaching style of instructors at two business schools in Austria
(Graz) and Kazakhstan (Almaty). Two questionnaires – Learning-Style Analysis and Teaching-Style Analysis were
used to collect data. In the light of this analysis, the recommendations for teachers, educational administrators
and policy makers will be considered for improvement in teaching and learning environment.
Key words: teaching style, learning style, higher education.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Olga Dauletovna Nessipbayeva, PhD. in Pedagogics, Associate Professor of

Kazakh-British Technical University, Kazakhstan. E-mail address:Olga_Nessip@mail.ru
Facilitating language tests delivery through tablet PC's

Jesús García Laborda*, Universidad de Alcalá, c/ Trinidad 3, Alcalá de Henares-Madrid 28801, Madrid
Teresa Magal Royo, Universidad de Alcalá, c/ Trinidad 3, Alcalá de Henares-Madrid 28801, Madrid
Nieves Rodríguez Lázaro, Universidad de Alcalá, c/ Trinidad 3, Alcalá de Henares-Madrid 28801, Madrid
L. Fuentes Marugán, Universidad de Alcalá, c/ Trinidad 3, Alcalá de Henares-Madrid 28801, Madrid
Abstract
Modern trends in educational technology have evidenced the increasing importance of mobile devices in
language learning. The need of sophisticated devices that can facilitate lifelong learning wherever the students
might be. Facilitating learning, however, implies that students have to be assessed through the same delivery
models that are used in their learning mode. Mobile devices are commonly used to learn languages through
mobile phones, iPads and Tablet PC’s. However, testing methods remain the same as in the last 40 years. In
most cases, computer based test tasks resemble too much to those used in pen and paper. This paper shows a
pilot study done at the Universidad de Alcalá (Madrid-Spain) with tablet PC’s indicating its strong aspects as
well as its weaknesses. The study concludes that more research is necessary to implement such convenient
method of test delivery.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Jesús García Laborda, Universidad de Alcalá, c/ Trinidad 3, Alcalá de

Henares-Madrid 28801, Madrid. E-mail address:jesus.garcialaborda@uah.es
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The Investigation of The Effect of Visiting Science Center on
Scientific Process Skills
Ersen ÇIĞRIK, Sabiha Köstem Secondary School, Bursa, 16200, Turkey
Muhlis ÖZKAN,Uludağ University, Elementary Educaiton Department, Bursa, 16200, Turkey
Abstract
Science centers are a learning environment which aims to increase positive attitudes towards science by hands
on experiments. The mission of this environment is to develop basic skills for science and keep the interest
alive. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of visiting Science and Technology Center on 6. Grade
students’ scientific process skills. As a consequence of the research the regularly visiting of the science center is
effective on students’ scientific process skills. In this perspective, Science Centers has an important role for
making practice and development scientific skills in Science Education.
Key words: Science and Technology Center, Scientific Process Skills, Elementary School
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ersen ÇIĞRIK, Sabiha Köstem Secondary School, Bursa, 16200, Turkey.
E-mail address:ersencigrik@gmail.com
The Role of Children’s Musical Instruments in

Communication with Musical Language
Konstanca Zalar, Faculty of Education, University of Ljubljana, Kardeljeva ploščad 16, 1000 ljubljana, Slovenia
Urban Kordeš, Faculty of Education, University of Ljubljana, Kardeljeva ploščad 16, 1000 ljubljana, Slovenia
Barbara Sicherl Kafol,Faculty of Education, University of Ljubljana, Kardeljeva ploščad 16, 1000 ljubljana,
Slovenia
Abstract
The study, in which we looked into the role of children's musical instruments in holistic music education, was
conducted among children in the initial phase of primary schooling. Based on a theory of dialogue, we observed
how children engaged in communication in musical language with respect of their own choice and inventive
use of children’s musical instruments. The research was conceived as a phenomenological case study. With this
method we obtained data which enabled a deeper understanding of what the participants experienced when
using musical instruments and insight into their social competences in using musical language. Having used
qualitative data analysis, we established in the final grounded theory the following three conclusions: a)
working with musical instruments functions as an area where the only possible realisation seems to be in line
with the presumption that a person with an instrument personally identify themselves with the sound of the
chosen instrument, b) the use of children’s instruments cannot be effective outside the framework of dialogical
dimensions of musical language, c) by using children’s musical instruments, children apprehend the basic
principles of group performance.
Key words: children`s musical instruments; musical language; theory of dialogue
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Konstanca Zalar, Faculty of Education, University of Ljubljana, Kardeljeva

ploščad 16, 1000 ljubljana, Slovenia. E-mail address: konstanca.zalar@pef.uni-lj.si
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Educational Methods Used To Realization of Technological
Part
Olivia Giuca, Politehnica University Timisoara, Piata Victoriei No. 2, 300006, Timisoara, Romania
Adrian Dume, Politehnica University Timisoara, Piata Victoriei No. 2, 300006, Timisoara, Romania
Gabriela Prostean, Politehnica University Timisoara, Piata Victoriei No. 2, 300006, Timisoara, Romania
Abstract
Pedagogical approaches to fostering student creativity include space, time and a set of adequately technical
instruments to stimulate innovation and student involvement at a higher level their thinking skills in the field of
computer aided design (CAD), teachers are concerned about permanent improvements to teaching
methodology, primarily considering the evolution of society. This paper addresses to all students in the
technical field, aimed at the assimilation of different methods of teaching (problem solving methods) and to
assimilate effectively and practically necessary tools of computer aided design using Solidworks. Practical work
focuses on resolving / solving a technical problem for a technological part model using Solidworks software,
relying primarily on Brainstorming method, followed by Global Utility method (method used in conditions of
certainly in management). The idea resulted in consensus is the product selected for realization of technically
by students. The paper ends by generalizing the methodology to other technological problem type.
Key words: Brainstorming, Global Utility Method, 3D Modelling, SolidWorks
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Olivia Giuca, Politehnica University Timisoara, Piata Victoriei No. 2,
300006, Timisoara, Romania. E-mail address:oliviagiuca@yahoo.com
THE PROBLEMS IN COMMUNICATION WITH THE PRIMARY

SCHOOL STUDENTS NOT HAVING MOTHER TONGUE IN
TURKISH AND SUGGESTION OF RESOLUTIONS
Meral GÖZÜKÜÇÜK, Kafkas University, Faculty of Education, Turkey
Hüseyin KIRAN, Pamukkale University, Faculty of Education, Turkey.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine the problems the primary school teachers face in the communication
with the first grade students who don’t have mother tongue in Turkish and to bring out suggestion of
resolution for these problems. 750 primary school teachers in Diyarbakır were chosen with rational cluster
sampling method in order to apply data collection tool. 40 primary school teachers in Diyarbakır were
interviewed according to maximum variation sampling. In the level of problem meeting of the developed scale,
the coefficient of inner stability of Alpha is 0,89. The most significant problem was that according to the
average of the views in the scale over the problems in communication of these teachers, the students who
don’t have Turkish mother tongue were not understood. In a relation to the code for the communication
problems that the teachers face, 41% of teachers stated that they had difficulty in communicating with the
students because of self expression in Turkish. In conclusion, 36% of the teachers stated that they basically
communicated via the students who know both Turkish and Kurdish in a relation to the code for suggestion of
resolutions over the students’ communication problems.
Key words: mother tongue, communication, primary school student, problem, resolution.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Meral GÖZÜKÜÇÜK, Kafkas University, Faculty of Education, Turkey.

E-mail address: meral.yaprak@hotmail.com
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DEFINING ELEMENTS OF THE MENTOR TEACHER AS A
PROFESSIONAL
Roxana- Sorina Constantinescu, “Traian Vuia” Metrology High School, Bucharest, Romania
Abstract
Teachers’ professional development is a lifelong process. It begins with the pre-service training; it continues
with the induction stage and it goes on with the continuous professional development. The induction period is
extremely important for the beginning teacher; it is the necessary training for the future performance in the
classroom. The role of the mentor at this stage is of utmost importance, as the future teacher’s personality will
be shaped by the mentor's competencies, roles, personal and professional qualities.
The purpose of our research was to identify the main competencies that are necessary for a mentor for
beginning teachers.
Key words: mentor; competencies; beginning teachers; teacher training; long life learning
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Roxana- Sorina Constantinescu, “Traian Vuia” Metrology High School,
Bucharest, Romania. E-mail address:constantinescuroxana@yahoo.com
The Influence of VictorianDolls on Costumes of

YoungPrincess Daughters of KingChulalongkorn
Jaruphan Supprung, Lecturer, Fashion Design, Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts at Suan Sunandha Rajabhat
University, Dusit District, Bangkok 10300
Abstract
only 35 photos of young princess daughters of King Chulalongkornpreserved in the National Archives and the
which the blouses in 18 photos are modified to wear with Jong Kraben (the traditional loincloth), and the blouse
in the only one photo is modified to wear with Phanung (the traditional tube skirt).
Key words: Influence, Victorian doll, Costume, Young princess daughter
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Jaruphan Supprung, Lecturer, Fashion Design, Faculty of Fine and Applied
Arts at Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Dusit District, Bangkok 10300.
E-mail address:jaruphan.su@ssru.ac.th
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Teacher Education Reform in Russia: Coordination with
Student-Teachers’ Action Research
Grigoriy Aleksandrovich Kapranov * , Far Eastern Federal University, Russian Federation
Alexander Williams Chizhik, San Diego State University, USA
Abstract
In 2011, the Far Eastern Federal University teacher education faculty initiated a reformed student-teaching
practice that centers on development of creative problem-solving skills through professional reflection and a
strong connection between practical classroom instruction and students’ conducting research. These reform
ideas are also common in the United States as action research has become a popular tool to engage student-
teachers in reflective problem-solving as opposed to a transmittal model of education (Carboni, Wynn, &
McGuire, 2007). In particular, a recent study of UCLA’s teacher education program indicates that their reform
efforts focus on collaborative inquiry and developing motivation through a reflective community of practice
(Cooper, 2006). The specifics of each practicum are differentiated among the student-teachers to fit with their
professional goals as well as their level of preparation for the teaching profession. In particular, students’
choice of research project for each phase guides the specific nature of the practicum as the faculty supports
each student-teacher to be prepared not only practically for the teaching profession, but also to be an
innovator within the profession. Our results indicate that student-teachers who participated in the reformed
teacher-training program chose and received approval for their theses earlier and received higher grades for
their theses than did student-teachers who participated in the traditional teacher-training program. We
attribute this success to a stronger focus on research-based and theory-based analyses of pedagogical issues
throughout the reformed student-teaching program
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Grigoriy Aleksandrovich Kapranov, Far Eastern Federal University, Russian
Federation. E-mail address:kapranovg@mail.ru
Images and discourses – reflections of social change

Ruxandra Buglea * , Polytechnica University, Timișoara, România.
Abstract
Each kind of public presence is a form of communication. The social dynamic enables and determines a
constant modification of the public discourse. Thus, it molds itself like a reflection, after the social changes,
bringing forth the notion of ‘communicative competence’. Communicative competence in a globalized society
means, in the first place, intercultural competence.
Learning to “read” and understand pictures and their stories helps students to focus on the possibilities of
using multiple ways to use the power of written or spoken discourse in the public space.
Key words: communication, discourse, text, images, intertextuality, discourse analysis
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ruxandra Buglea, Polytechnica University, Timișoara, România.

E-mail address:oanabuglea@yahoo.com
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Character of Innovations in Environmental Education
Melánia Feszterová , Melánia Feszterová , Klaudia Jomová
Klaudia Jomová,Melánia Feszterová , Klaudia Jomová
Abstract
Environmental issues are frequently used nowadays as educational content. It brings together innovations in
constant learning and improvement of students’ education. Environmental education is focused on the
complex relationships between the population and the environment. It is a field of study that brings new
knowledge and challenges each day. The methodologies of the research in this field, as well as its realisation
and the process of production are different. The basis is good knowledge, an overview of the analysis used and
good orientation, as well as reviews in the field of environmental studies. Students have many opportunities to
cooperate in research preparation and also in the research area. They can participate in the implementation of
the results into real work. With the help of different stimuli and motivational elements, teachers and students
can create an educational situation that motivates action, as well as education, in the environment. It is
difficult to educate future graduates to have a positive attitude about the environment; this needs good
motivation and constant study of this field. The article deals with examples focused on environmental
problems that have been dealt with in particular research activities of university students.
Key words: Environment; education; knowledge; motivation; Student Research and Professional Activities
(SRPA);
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Melánia Feszterová , Melánia Feszterová , Klaudia Jomová.

E-mail address:mfeszterova@ukf.sk
Evaluative study of the psycho-educational profile of

students from indigenous population, who attend
universities in the south of Chile
Pablo Rivera*, Dirección de desarrollo curricular, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Manuel Montt 56, Temuco
Sandra Becerra, Facultad de Educación, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Manuel Montt 56, Temuco
Ricardo Castillo, Universidad Austral de Chile, Av. Indipendencia s/n, Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile
Eliana Ortiz, Dirección de desarrollo curricular, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Manuel Montt 56, Temuco
Christian Miranda, Universidad de Chile, Av.Capitán Ignacio Carrera Pinto Nº1045, Ñuñoa, Santiago de Chile
Abstract
The following paper presents the results from profiling students who belong to the indigenous population
within universities in the south of Chile. The simple population corresponds to n=216, which are students that
belong to different indigenous groups of the country. The methodology is quantitative through a cluster
analysis that groups students with similar features. The variables consider motivation and approach of the
learning process, the relevance of the voice of the students and the educational speech along with the different
variables associated with topics related to native people’s ethical, cultural origin and diversity within the
educational process of learning, among them self-esteem, learning strategies among them general, academic
and social self-esteem.
Key words: inclusion; approach to learning; participatory teaching
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Pablo Rivera, Dirección de desarrollo curricular, Universidad Católica de

Temuco, Manuel Montt 56, Temuco. E-mail address:pablo.rivera@uct.cl
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Virtual Field Trips With Inquiry learning and Critical Thinking
Process: A Learning Model to Enhance Students’ Science
Learning Outcomes
Jaemjan Sriarunrasmee*, Educational Technology Department, Faculty of Education, Srinakharinwirot
University, 114 Sukhumvit 23,Wattana, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
Praweenya Suwannatthachote, Educational Communication and Technology Department, Faculty of
Education, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phyathai Road, Patumwan,Bangkok 10330 Thailand
Pimpan Dachakupt, Curriculum and Instruction Department, Faculty of Education, Chulalongkorn University,
254 Phyathai Road, Patumwan,Bangkok 10330 Thailand
Abstract
This paper aimed to present a learning model using virtual field trips (VFTs) with inquiry learning and critical
thinking process to enhance science learning outcomes of lower secondary students based on the research and
development. Phase 1 of this paper showed the process of develop a learning model and phase 2 showed the
result of implementation with the lower secondary school students. After implementation, the learning model
was revised using qualitative data from observation, students’ opinion from a survey, and the assessment from
experts. The research instruments used to assess science learning outcomes were the test for assessing
students’ skills of concept mapping, retrieval information, meaningful communication, and critical thinking.
Samples were 104 Science teachers, 26 Science education experts, 31 students attending the 8th grade of a
secondary school, and 5 instructional design experts. This VFTs learning model with inquiry learning and critical
thinking process consisted of five main components: 1) Content and Activities, 2) VFTs media and resources (
video clips, pictures, animations, online diaries, worksheets, activity sheets, and games), 3) experts from the
field trips resources, 4) a learning management system for virtual field trip, and 5) assessment and evaluation.
There were three phases of learning activities: 1) Pre-using the VFT activities (1 week), 2) During the VFT
activities (2 weeks), and 3) Post-using the VFT activities (2 weeks). All phases included 6 learning steps:
engagement, investigation and exploration, explanation, conclusion, elaboration, and evaluation. The results of
exploring effectiveness of the VFTs learning model from one group pretest posttest experimental research
design showed the students’ science learning outcomes posttest scores had significantly higher than the
pretest at a level of significance of .05 and five experts’ assessment before and after try-out the model were
appropriate in high level.
Key words: Virtual Field Trips; Learning Model; Inquiry Learning; Critical Thinking; Science Learning Outcomes
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Jaemjan Sriarunrasmee, Educational Technology Department, Faculty of

Education, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23,Wattana, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
E-mail address:jaemjan@g.swu.ac.th
The Development of Thai Teacher Information

Communication Technology (ICT) Online Community Model
in Thailand
Khwanying Sriprasertpap, Faculty of Education, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
Wilailuk Langka, Faculty of Education, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
Surapon Boonlue*, Faculty of Industry Education, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok
10110, Thailand.
Abstract
The growth of the Social Network which increases Online Educational Community to supported teacher for
applied appropriate ict instruction in 21 st century classrooms. This paper aimed to analyzed and synthesised
good practice professional learni n g community (PLC) and to development of Thai Teacher Information
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Communication Technology (ICT) Online Community Model in Thailand by using the content analysis and mix-
method ology. Data collecting tools consisted of needs analysis questionnaire, usability online social network
questionair, online community Thai Teacher Website and. Kroothai Application. Sample groups used in this
study were 2 groups, 10 PLC and 7 expert persons. Data was analyzed by using Percentage, Mean, Standard
Deviation and content analysis. The rusults found that 2) Online Community Thai Teacher Information
Communication Technology (ICT) Model consisted person unit (professional / Expert person s, teachers leader
and teachers) support unit (security, management and facility), collaborative learning and network sharing and
knowledge. In 21 st century, learning and teaching style, instructional system design, media development,
software and hardware will be change to online learning.
Key words: online Community; ICT; Social Network
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Surapon Boonlue, Faculty of Industry Education, King Mongkut’s University
of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
E-mail address:khwanying@hotmail.com
A Study into Traditional Child Games Played In Konya Region

In Terms Of Development Fields of Children
Yücel Gelişli, Gazi University Faculty of Education Department of Educational Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
Elçin Yazıcı, Düzce University Faculty of Education Department of Primary Education Department of Preschool
Education, Ankara, Turkey.
Abstract
Being a phenomenon as old and universal as human history, game is one of the basic needs of children.
Depending on these needs, where is a child, there is a game. Children could combine all their knowledge and
skills required for life through games, explain themselves in a very easy way and exhibit their skills. Game,
which is the most effective learning process for children, is a real means of education and provides us with
carrying the knowledge attained throughout preschool period and school years from one generation to another
and support the development of children in physical, cognitive, linguistic and social – emotional aspects. In this
perspective, the current study was carried out to evaluate traditional child games which are a part of Turkish
culture and about to disappear in terms of development fields of children. The study is a descriptive survey and
the data of the research was obtained through personal interviews. The data was collected through “Interview
Form for Traditional Child Games”. The population of the study was made up of young people and adults at the
ages of 18-88 chosen randomly and living in the town of Ilgın, the city of Konya in the years 2013 and 2014. The
data of the research was analysed in descriptive analysis technique which is used as a descriptive research
method. At the end of the study, it was found that games contribute to the motor, linguistic, cognitive and
social emotional development fields of children and to their self-care to a great extent.
Key words: Child; Game; Traditional Child Game; Child Education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Yücel Gelişli, Gazi University Faculty of Education Department of

Educational Sciences, Ankara, Turkey. E-mail address:gelisli@gazi.edu.tr
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Steps of Cooperative Learning on Social Networking by
Integrating Instructional Design based on Constructivist
Approach
Jirasak Saekhow* ,Suratthani Rajabhat University, Suratthani, Thailand
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to study the process and steps of cooperative learning on social networking with
integrated instructional design for learning based on Constructivist approach. Three groups of samples were
selected from the experts in Collaborative learning, Instructional design and Social networking by using
questionnaires and interviews as the instruments. The results found that there are 5 steps of processes from
Cooperative learning;
1. Analysis. This step consists of contexts, learners and problems described by learners with assigned
appropriate tasks to them and giving key concepts. 2. Design. To determine learning goals, identify learning
sequences and assess learners by context-driven evaluation were considered in this steps 3. Development.
Construct learning resource was used in order to develop learners. 4. Implementation. Instructors focus on
consulting and facilitating. On the other hands, learners play an important role in directing and controlling
emphasizing problem solving. From step 2 to 4, instructors evaluate in the topic of teacher –student
interaction, student-student interaction and student-materials interaction involved with situation analysis,
appropriate task, grouping, bridge, question and presentation. 5. Evaluation. Study how students learn with
expectation on student roles. Social networking online used in cooperative learning is Blogs, Wikis, Photo
sharing, video sharing, instant message and Social networking sites.
Key words: Cooperative Learning, Instructional design, Social networking
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Jirasak Saekhow, Suratthani Rajabhat University, Suratthani, Thailand.

E-mail address:jirasak_cu@hotmail.com
The Impact of Basic Design Studio Courses on Interior

Design: KTU Model
Ayça A. Ustaömeroğlu*, Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Architecture, Department of Architecture,
Trabzon, 61080, Turkey
Erkan Aydintan, Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Architecture, Department of Interior Architecture,
Muteber Erbay, Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Architecture, Department of Interior Architecture,
Pınar Küçük, Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Architecture, Department of Interior Architecture,
Zeynep Sadiklar, Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Architecture, Department of Interior Architecture,
Abstract
First year of design education is very important. Because the first year of the students coming to the design
school includes the processes of stepping to thinking, editing, creating and expressing after high school
education based on memorization and repetition. Therefore, in the departments providing design-based
training, basic design course has a great importance.
The purpose of this study is to determine the acquisitions of the students who completed Basic Design course
given in the first year at the Department of Interior Architecture of the Black Sea Technical University in
Trabzon that is a coastal city in the north-east of Turkey and the effect of these acquisitions on the processes of
perception, creativity and design.
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Key words: Basic design; Design; Creativit; Design studio; Interior design
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ayça A. Ustaömeroğlu, Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of

Architecture, Department of Architecture, Trabzon, 61080, Turkey.
E-mail address:aycaarus@gmail.com
The Development of Online Training Model for Students,

Teachers and Educational Officers in Srinakharinwirot
University, Thailand
Khwanying Sriprasertpap* , Technology Education Department, Faculty of Education, Srinakharinwirot
University,* Bangkok, 10110, Thailand
Abstract
st
In 21 century, Information Communication Technology (ICT) was importance for long life learning. Classroom
will be blended learning between traditional classroom and online learning. In the future, everybody can learn
in cyber education with online traning courseware. This paper aimed to design and development online
training Model for blended learning in traditional classroom and in the job training for students, teachers and
educational officers by using mix-method. Data collecting tools consisted of the focus group discussion, needs
analysis checklist questionnaire and indept interview. Sample groups used in this study were 2 groups, Group
Iconsisted of 5 expert online education people and Group II consisted of 5 graduate students, 5 officers and 5
teachers who registered online training project. Data was analyzed by using percentage, Mean,
Standard Deviation and content analysis.
The result of research found that Online Training Model blended of online unit, instruction unit and
management unit such as 1) Creativity, 2) Learning Management System (LMS)
3) Instruction Media 4) Interactive and 5)Evaluation. The Online Training Model created from qualitative and
quantitative sata with the sample groups 3 type peoples such as students, teachers and educational officers. As
the result, its will be to develop online course for support learning in organization all of groups. As a result, the
blended learning and online training were beneficial for appropriate instructional design and online training
curriculum development go to long life learning in 21st century.
Key words: online Learning; Blended Learning; Online Training
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Khwanying Sriprasertpap, Technology Education Department, Faculty of

Education, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand.
E-mail address:khwanying@hotmail.com
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The Relationship Between Ischemic Stroke And Atrial
Fibrillation
Anca Gogu*, Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu
Street 2, Timisoara 300041, Romania
Mirela Lupu,Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu
Street 2, Timisoara 300041, Romania
Any Docu Axelerad,Department of Neurology,”Ovidius” University, General Medicine Faculty, Constanta,
Romania
Abstract
Objective: Cardioembolic stroke accounts for approximately a quarter of all ischemic strokes, with nonvalvular
atrial fibrillation as the predominant type. The proportion of strokes caused by atrial fibrillation increased by
age, because this arrhythmia is more prevalent around the age 70 -79.
Material and methods: We received 375 patients hospitalized on emergency between January 2013 -
November 2014. Demographic (sex, age), clinical, imagistic (cerebral-CT, cerebral-MRI, extracranial ultrasound,
minimum two ECG, one of the moment of admission and the other later, Ecocardiography, Chest X- ray ),
paraclinic data, as well as risk factors, treatment, evolution and neurologic recovery were all considered.
Results: We studied 375 patients, 244 females and 131 males (65% vs 35%). The mean age was 78,2 years
(range 41-98). According to the age groups, the biggest frequency of ischemic stroke associated with atrial
fibrillation is between 70-79 years (151 cases; 40,26% ), followed by the age group of 80-89 years (118 cases;
31,46% ), 60-69 years (68 cases; 18,13% ), 50-59 years (29 cases; 7,73% ),90-99 years (8 cases; 2,13%), 40-49
years (1 case; 0,26% ).We have 287 patients (76,53% ) with ischemic stroke and nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
and 324 patients (86,40% ) with permanent atrial fibrillation. The partition of the cases according to the
ischemic stroke localization shows that the most cases are in the partial territory of MCA (168 cases), followed
by full territory of MCA (65 cases) as well as the other vascular territories. The risk of hemorrhage
transformation is high in cardiac embolism compared to the other stroke subtypes (38 cases; 10,13%). In 311
cases (83%) it has been a favorable recovery but 64 cases (17%) died.
Conclusions: Ischemic stroke associated with atrial fibrillation is a major cause of long- term, physical,
emotional and social disability in the elderly, the biggest frequency is between 70-79 years (40,26%). Ischemic
stroke with atrial fibrillation is more common in females (65%) and in the territory of MCA (62,13 %).The
development of noninvasive diagnostic technique like cerebral-MRI, echocardiography as well as new
therapeutic strategies for acute cardioembolic stroke demonstrates that the letal cases decreasing at
17%.Cardioembolic strokes are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality.
Key words: Cardioembolic stroke, atrial fibrillation, cerebral- MRI, echocardiography
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Anca Gogu, Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and

Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Street 2, Timisoara 300041, Romania.
E-mail address:agogu@yahoo.com
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Identity, perception of parent-adolescent relation and
adjustment in a group of university students
Monica Pellerone, Kore” University of Enna, Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Via Cittadella Universitaria,
Enna, 94100, Italy
Carla Spinello, Kore” University of Enna, Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Via Cittadella Universitaria,
Enna, 94100, Italy
Alessia Sidoti, Kore” University of Enna, Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Via Cittadella Universitaria,
Enna, 94100, Italy
Sandra Miccichè, Terzo Circolo “Chivasso”, Via Marconi, Chivasso, 10034, Italy
Abstract
The parent-adolescent relations play an important role in developing identity process (Berzonsky, Branje, &
Meeus, 2007; Meeus, Iedema, & Engels, 2005). This study investigates the role that identity plays in mediating
relationships between parenting and social adjustment in a group of 112 college students. They completed: Ego
Identity Process Questionnaire (Balistreri, BushRossnagel, & Geisinger, 1995), Parental Bonding Instrument
(Parker, Turpin, & Brown, 1979) and Relationship Questionnaire (Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991). Results
show associations between parental support and relational adjustment, between identity status and relational
adjustment. Therefore, the identity commitment represents an important variable for emotional and social
adjustment in adolescence.
Key words: Identity, family relationship, parenting, adjustment, adolescence
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Monica Pellerone, Kore” University of Enna, Faculty of Human and Social
Sciences, Via Cittadella Universitaria, Enna, 94100,Italy.
E-mail address:monica.pellerone@unikore.it
Tradition or modernism in Grammar teaching; deductive vs.

inductive approaches
KÜBRA ŞIK* , BALIKESIR UNIVERSITY, Turkey.
Abstract
This research is an investigation of the differences between inductive and deductive methods in teaching
grammar to adult learners in terms of effectiveness on academical success. Another aim of the study is to
investigate the perceptions of lecturers and adult learners about these two ways. The research was based on
quantitative research design. 190 university students from various departments of a public university and 10
lecturers were assigned as participants. 190 university students were divided into two randomly as “inductive”
and “deductive” groups. Student and lecturer feedback questionnaires, a pretest, four weeks of grammar
instruction and a posttest were evaluated to get a deeper insight about the effectiveness of inductive and
deductive ways on the academical success of adult learners. As a result the study reveals that when the
academical success of the students are considered, deductive teaching of grammar is slightly more effective
than inductive teaching although this difference is not significant according to statistical data. Another main
finding of the study is that lecturers feel better when they teach grammar deductively. These findings suggest
that in teaching grammar to adult learners, lecturers should be aware of the needs and perceptions of their
students.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: KÜBRA ŞIK, BALIKESIR UNIVERSITY, Turkey.

E-mail address:kubra@balikesir.edu.tr
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Involving adult educators in quality assessment processes
Gilberto Marzano* , Rezekne University of applied sciences, Latvia
Velta Lubkina, Rezekne University of applied sciences, Latvia
Svetlana Usca,Rezekne University of applied sciences, Latvia
Abstract
This paper presents results from an investigation conducted in Latvia within the EU project EduEval (Evaluation
for the Professional Development of Adult Education Staff) on the issue of adult education evaluation
strategies.
The investigation methodology was based on the review of current literature, analysis of statistic data and
available official documents, and a sample of semi-structured interviews.
The Latvian strategies about adult education evaluation are presented and discussed at the light of 16 semi-
structured elite interviews designed to elicit both opinions and suggestions from a small sample of selected
stakeholders.
From our research, it results that adult educators’ opinions mirror the adult learners’ context and attitudes.
The confidence that professionals expressed on the government effort to introduce the quality assessment and
validation processes in adult education is remarkable, especially in non-formal and informal learning.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Gilberto Marzano, Rezekne University of applied sciences, Latvia.

E-mail address:svetlana.usca@ru.lv
"Comprehensive labor skills" in initial training programmes

for Secondary Education teachers in Spain
Ana Martın-Romera* , University of Granada, Spain.
Abstract
Initial teacher training is considered one of the most important means to promote the improvements that
society currently demands from educational systems. Several international reports (McKinsey, 2007; OECD,
2005) and works done in the field of education (Estebaranz, 2012; Darling-Hammond, 2001) highlight this
significance as a decisive aspect in students learning. Being the prime mission of a school to "ensure good
learning for all", it becomes necessary a system of initial training to guarantee that future teachers will acquire
skills allowing effective teaching (Bolivar & Bolivar Ruano, 2012).
The aim of this study is to analyze the teaching competencies that are present in the initial training
programmes for Secondary Education teachers in Spain (MEC, 2007). Analysis results indicate that
competencies relate more to technical and knowledge aspects. The competencies relate to functions like
diagnose, plan, develop teaching, guiding, innovation, etc. In less extent, the competencies refer to social and
ethical aspects. The results indicate to the need to attend "comprehensive labor skills" (Crocker & Magaña,
2004) in initial training programmes for Secondary Education teachers in Spain (Escudero, 2009; Sarramona,
2007).
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ana Martın-Romera, University of Granada, Spain.

E-mail address:amromera@ugr.es
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The use of computer aided experiment in enhancing the
ability of students to understand the graphical presentation
of chemical processes
Jana Braniša, * , Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University,
Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 74 Nitra, Slovak republic
Zita Jenisová, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University,
Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 74 Nitra, Slovak republic
Abstract
The results of international PISA study indicate that solving of problems aimed at the graphical presentation of
natural process is the “Achilles' heel” of Slovak students. They fail to identify the relations among variables
displayed in graphs, charts and diagrams; they are unable to read or interpret the information. The following
paper presents the research findings, which was conducted during years 2012 – 2013 on a sample of 140
students attending the 8th grade of primary school. The educational research was focused on the development
of graphic skills of students supported by digital technology. The goal was to develop the ability of students not
only to read and correctly interpret the information, but also to contribute to the attractiveness of chemistry
learning by establishing a set of experiments in inorganic chemistry. Their implementation has been done as a
combination of real laboratory activities and a school measurement system. Two groups of respondents
(experimental and control) were compared during the implementation of laboratory exercises that utilized
various approaches in the evaluation of obtained experimental data. Based on the research results, it may be
concluded that computer-aided experiments are an effective tool for the development of abstract thinking in
students; they encourage active student research and streamline data acquisition and they have a positive
impact on the development of skills required for the complex solution of specified laboratory tasks.
Key words: MBL, graphic skills, educational research, laboratory exercises
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Jana Braniša, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences,
Constantine the Philosopher University, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 74 Nitra, Slovak republic.
E-mail address:jbranisa@ukf.sk
EDUBLOGS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EUROPEAN

HIGHER EDUCATION AREA: AN INITIATIVE IN THE PRIMARY
EDUCATION DEGREE COURSE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF
CÓRDOBA (SPAIN)
Verónica Marin * , University of Córdoba (Spain)
Elena Gómez-Parra, University of Córdoba (Spain)
Abstract
The birth of the Internet and 2.0 tools, and their successful application into University classroom dynamic is an
undeniable reality. The development of European Higher Education, have supposed of redefinition of the class
methodology and in this the 2.0 tools have a more important paper. Amongst these tools blogs are one of the
most meaningful ones. This article presents the design of an innovative methodology based on EEES structure
and recommendations. Used with students of Primary Education of University of Cordoba (N=123), inside of
the scholar curriculum, this main goal is to foster collaborative and group work, as well as to support the
learning of a content subject carrying three different subareas. After 4 months working with this recourse the
principal result have been that the student have learned work in group, skills about the reflection, search and
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selection the information, and its most outstanding result has been the positive evaluation of students working
within this frame.
Key words: Blog, ICT, university pupils, methodology
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Verónica Marin, University of Córdoba (Spain).

E-mail address:vmarin@uco.es
Teaching Sparse Matrices Storing and Processing

Techniques. Case Study for the Power Systems Field
Attila Simo, Politehnica University Timisoara, Power Systems Department 2 Bd. V, Parvan, 300223 Timisoara,
Romania.
Constantin Barbulescu , Politehnica University Timisoara, Power Systems Department 2 Bd. V, Parvan, 300223
Timisoara, Romania.
Stefan Kilyeni, Politehnica University Timisoara, Power Systems Department 2 Bd. V, Parvan, 300223 Timisoara,
Romania.
Florin Petrica,Politehnica University Timisoara, Power Systems Department 2 Bd. V, Parvan, 300223 Timisoara,
Romania.
Abstract
The power flow computing and optimal power flow computing are the most used tools within the power
systems field. Matrices are very often used for these kinds of analyses. Usually, within the power systems field,
sparse matrices are involved. In case of large scale power systems, these matrices have to be stored in the
computer memory. It is absolutely inefficient to store (if it is possible) the entire matrix, as it is, with all the 0
elements involved. Two drawbacks are highlighted: unproductive memory use and increased computing time.
Thus, methods have to be developed to store only the non-zero elements, but also knowing all the real
correspondences between the elements. Within the paper the authors are presenting, in a tutorial-manner,
followed by examples, several own developed methods to solve this problem. These methods are presented to
the students, they are asked to apply them for several cases studies. Their attention and concentration degree
is analyzed by the teacher. For the examples stage, within the teaching process, students are involved. In the
following they are requested to solve different case studies in small teams. The overall results are analyzed.
Key words: sparse matrices; power systems; teaching
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Attila Simo, Politehnica University Timisoara, Power Systems Department 2
Bd. V, Parvan, 300223 Timisoara, Romania.E-mail address:constantin.barbulescu@upt.ro
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Teaching Optimal Buses Ordering Techniques.
Case Study for the Power Systems Field
Constantin Barbulescu*, Politehnica University Timisoara, Power Systems Department 2 Bd. V, Parvan, 300223
Timisoara, Romania
Attila Simo, Politehnica University Timisoara, Power Systems Department 2 Bd. V, Parvan, 300223 Timisoara,
Romania
Stefan Kilyeni,Politehnica University Timisoara, Power Systems Department 2 Bd. V, Parvan, 300223 Timisoara,
Romania
Sorin Renghe, Politehnica University Timisoara, Power Systems Department 2 Bd. V, Parvan, 300223 Timisoara,
Romania
Abstract
The power flow computing and optimal power flow computing are the most used tools within the power
systems field. Matrices are very often used for these kinds of analyses. Usually, within the power systems field,
sparse matrices are involved. Special techniques for sparse matrices' storing and processing are applied to
reduce the computing time and used memory. The sparse character of the matrices is altered once the
mathematical model corresponding to the large scale power system is solved with different numerical
methods. New non-zero elements are appearing (replacing the old ones initial equal to zero). Thus, the
computing time increases and also the necessary memory. Methods have to be developed for the optimal
ordering of the power system buses. Within the paper the authors are presenting, in a tutorial-manner,
followed by examples, several own developed methods to solve this problem. These methods are presented to
the students, they are asked to apply them for several cases studies. Their attention and concentration degree
is analyzed by the teacher. For the examples stage, within the teaching process, students are involved. In the
following they are requested to solve different case studies in small teams. The overall results are analyzed.
Key words: sparse matrices; bus; optimal ordering; power systems; teaching.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Constantin Barbulescu, Politehnica University Timisoara, Power Systems

Department 2 Bd. V, Parvan, 300223 Timisoara, Romania. E-mail address:constantin.barbulescu@upt.ro
School violence and school coexistence management:

unresolved challenges
Sandra Becerra, Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Campus San Francisco, Manuel Montt
56, Temuco, Chile.
Flavio Muñoz, Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Campus San Francisco, Manuel Montt 56,
Temuco, Chile.
Enrique Riquelme, Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Campus San Francisco, Manuel
Montt 56, Temuco, Chile.
Abstract
The study analyzes the key management actions for the prevention and reduction of school violence in
educational centers belonging to the three types of administrative offices found in the Chilean school system.
The methodology is quantitative with a descriptive cross-sectional design. The Questionnaire for School
Environments of Non-violence (CENVI) was applied to a sample of 1410 students, 10-14 years of age. The
results show a descriptive analysis that reveals the strengths and weaknesses of the management for the
prevention of violence. Recommendations are given in the areas of training, peaceful co-existence and
participation to promote a healthy learning environment in schools.
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Key words: school violence, school coexistence management, healthy school environment, participation, school
management
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sandra Becerra, Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica de Temuco,

Campus San Francisco, Manuel Montt 56, Temuco, Chile. E-mail address:sbecerra@uct.cl
The Perception of Educational Philosophies Academic Held

For Investigation of Several Variables
Sinan Schreglmann* , Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi, Turkey.
Oğuz Kutlu, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Turkey.
Necdet Arı, Osmaniye Kurkut Ata Üniversitesi, Turkey.
Abstract
The overall objective of this research, scholars' opinions regarding the educational philosophy of their faculties,
title, gender, age, and years of service in terms of variables to examine the approach to the profession. Turkey
in the fall semester of 2010-2011 academic years as research universities with faculty members who were
maintaining. Research in various universities, faculties and faculty members participated in a total of 133 titles.
Wiles and Bondi collection of data (1984, 80), developed by and by Doğanay and Yellow "Philosophical
Preference Assessment" scale was used. The data analysis, frequency distribution, arithmetic mean and
standard deviation calculations with the t-test, reliability analysis and made a one-way analysis of variance. In
their analysis, schools, academics, several significant differences in terms of the variables age and years of
service have emerged.
Key words: Education, Philosophy, Educational Philosophy, The Philosophical Vision Evaluation Form,
Academician.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sinan Schreglmann, Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi, Turkey.

E-mail address:sinansch@gmail.com
Some Spatial Competences and Formalism in Solutions of

Stereometrical Tasks
Dušan Vallo, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University
in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia
Lucia Rumanová, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher
University in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia
Viliam Ďuriš,Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University
in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia
Abstract
The National Curriculum for Upper Secondary Education in Slovakia (ISCED 3A) is a fundamental document in
which are included an essence of the math education at Slovak high schools. The one of major topic contained
in ISCED 3A is stereometry. A majority of mathematics teachers hold in a conviction that the teaching of the
stereometrical curriculum is one of the most problematic areas for students. Slovak teachers and experts
concur to in the conviction that a high level of spatial imagination is necessary to solve stereometrical tasks. A
common cause of failure is also a thoughtless acceptance schemes and overemphasis on formal aspects of the
solutions. In consequence of this the teaching has a formal nature. Two possible ways to eliminate this
undesirable phenomenon is through solutions of non-standard tasks by using special methods, strategies and
suitable forms of visualization with ICT.
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Based on the theory of didactical constructivism we analyze in detail the results of students’ pilot tests in this
paper. The phenomenon of spatial competences deprived a potential formalism is discussed on the solutions of
the planar sections of cube solids such a new inspirational type of the stereometrical tasks.
We also discuss the results related to various aspects of educational process in regard to the implementation of
appropriate geometry software Cabri 3D in teaching support.
Key words: stereometry, cube, Cabri 3D, spatial imagination, geometric imagination
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Dušan Vallo, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Natural Sciences,

Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia.
E-mail address:lrumanova@ukf.sk
The Usability and its Influence of an e-Learning System on

Student Participation
Mona Masood,Centre for Instructional Technology and Multimedia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
Amiza Musman,Centre for Instructional Technology and Multimedia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the effectiveness of a learning management system called the
eLearn@USM through usability testing. The researchers used the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to
examine the usefulness and ease of using the eLearn@USM for students to participate in the forum discussion,
blogs, and messaging system. In addition, the usability of the system was evaluated using heuristics by
providing a set of tasks corresponding to the three sections based on scenarios. Eight university students were
selected as the research sample to participate in this study. Data were collected through think aloud protocols,
audio recordings, interviews, observations and a set of questionnaire and were analyzed descriptively. The
findings showed that the effectiveness of the forum is moderate (mean=3.5) while the usefulness and ease of
using the eLearn@USM were high with a mean value of 4.12 and 4.18 respectively. Overall, the study showed
that the use of forums was more effective and attracted students’ attention. Compared to the use of blogs, the
study found that the functions were similar to the forum and thus blogs were not as popular. Meanwhile the
students preferred to use an external messaging system that they were familiar with rather than the one
provided inside the eLearn@USM itself.
Key words: Technology Acceptance Model, Usability Testing, Heuristics evaluation
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Mona Masood, Centre for Instructional Technology and Multimedia,
Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia. E-mail address:msmona@usm.my
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“Progressive Promotion”: – Dropout Issue in
Lao Primary Education and the Misplaced Policy
Gnangnouvong Itthida,Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, 5322 Endo Fujisawa,
Kanagawa, 252-0882, Japan
Abstract
Low primary school survival rate has been an issue in Laos, as shown in 47.7 per cent (1992), 50 per cent
(2000), and 67 per cent (2008). To address the problem, in 2009 the education ministry introduced a
“progressive promotion” to allow students to proceed to higher grades automatically. Initially the survival rate
increased to 85 per cent (2009) but later fell to 70 per cent (2012). One finding shows that half of the dropouts
return to school but are placed in more advanced classes. This creates an environment where students cannot
master new concepts and are discouraged to quit again. This paper concludes that the progressive promotion
may have damaged the interaction of students in education and the school system credibility.
Key words: Progressive promotion, primary education, Lao education, survaival rate, returnee
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Gnangnouvong Itthida, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio
University, 5322 Endo Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0882, Japan. E-mail address:g.itthida@gmail.com
The competency based training to develop basic computer

skills for the elder: a case study of Dusit Community,
Bangkok, Thailand
Kittikhun Meethongjan * , Computer Science section, Apply Science department, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat
University 1, U-tongnok, Dusit, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand.
Abstract
In recent days the content-based computer skills plays an important in the elder to access data or information
that are used for living and reducing the social gap exceptionally sequins. The objective of the research on the
competency based training to develop basic computer skills for: a case study of Dusit Community, Bangkok,
Thailand was to find the learning achievement of the basic computer skill training of people in the mentioned
area. After the training, the people should be able to access information technology system efficiently. The
results showed that after the training, the trainees reported their learning achievement with statistically
significant level at 0.05 with the increasing of learning achievement at the average of 6.02.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Kittikhun Meethongjan, Computer Science section, Apply Science

department, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University 1, U-tongnok, Dusit, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand.
E-mail address:kittmee@yahoo.com
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SPIRITUALITY IN BRAIN DEATH
Docu Axelerad Any,Ovidius University of Constanta, General Medicine Faculty, University Alley, Constanta,
900900, Romania
Docu Axelerad Daniel,Ovidius University of Constanta, Physical Education, Sport and Kinetotherapy Faculty,
University Alley, Constanta, 900900, Romania
Anca Gogu,Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and Farmacy,, VICTOR BABES’’ Timisoara
Abstract
Introduction: Comatose patients may have irrevocably lost all brain function and determination of brain death
is standardized in hospital policies, and protocols have been developed. The clinical diagnosis of brain death
implies that the person has died.
Material and methods: Information collections regarding newspapers, television, the screen writer, the
internet and coma, and the portrayal of coma in motion pictures.
Results: Different opinion of the Catholic Church, Orthodox church, Judaism , Muslim and Buddhism, Jainism,
and Sikhism with general principle are analyzed and there are distinct voices that proclaim that most of these
comatose states do not truly exist.
Conclusions: Unfortunately, the legal cases are surrounded by misinformation and reluctance to understand
the implications of these comatose states. The physician involved with the care of coma¬tose patients should
understand and respect different values but maintain optimal professionalism.
Key words: Comatose patients, Spirituality, opinion
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Docu Axelerad Any, Ovidius University of Constanta, General Medicine
Faculty, University Alley, Constanta, 900900, Romania. E-mail address:docuaxi@yahoo.com
The importance of teacher leadership in shaping the

creative attitudes of students
Aneta Sokół*, University of Szczecin, Cukrowa 8, 71-004 Szczecin, Poland
Agnieszka Gozdek, University of Szczecin, Cukrowa 8, 71-004 Szczecin, Poland
Irena Figurska, Pomeranian University, Westerplatte 64, 76-200 Słupsk, Poland
Abstract
There are many theories for the analysis of leadership, characteristics associated with the concept, functions
and leadership styles. It was found that the behaviour of leaders have influence on the organizational climate
and culture conducive to creativity (Hage and Dewar, 1973; Maier, 1970; Amabile et al., 1996; Mumford et al.,
2002). It is claimed that the leader should build such working conditions that enable creativity, learning and
efficiency. The superior may not always be able to influence the complexity and suitability to work, but it can
have an impact on working conditions and the willingness that the people in this environment will continue to
develop and grow by encouraging them and recognition.
In a work environment that encourages creativity, should be perceived atmosphere of fairness, confidentiality
and security. Which improves the basic conditions for the development of creativity, i.e. well-being, freedom
and enthusiasm.
The purpose of this article is to present theories that relate to the leadership impact on the creativity.
Therefore, the attempt to study the impact of leadership of academics lecturers among young people
(students) was made. The main objective of the research was: Using scientific procedures and using the
appropriate methodology examined and recognized types of leadership, which in the opinion of students most
actively shape the creative attitude.
Considerations were the basis for the formulation of the research hypothesis: The more active leadership
favourable to the development of creativity, the higher the level of creativity among students, who as part of
the intellectual capital is a major factor in the development of micro- and macro-region.
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In order to verify this objective and the research hypothesis, tests on a group of 232 students from the
University of Szczecin, West Pomeranian University of Technology and the Academy of Arts was conducted.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Aneta Sokół, University of Szczecin, Cukrowa 8, 71-004 Szczecin, Poland. E-
mail address:irenafigurska@vp.pl
Blended Learning Supporting Self-Directed Learning and

Communication Skills of Srinakharinwirot University’s
First Year Students
Jaemjan Sriarunrasmee*, Faculty of Education, Srinakharinwirot University, Thailand
Wawta Techataweewan, Faculty of Humanities, Srinakharinwirot University, Thailand
Rattiya Panichkul Mebusaya, Innovative Learning Center, Srinakharinwirot University, Thailand
Abstract
The expansion of the Internet offers online courses which provide flexibility and individual learning to
accommodate students’ learning styles, including the face-to-face learning. Blended learning has been
employed in classrooms to nurture the skills of students in the 21st century. This paper has studied the
effectiveness of the blended learning model in self-directed learning and the development of communication
skills of students by using the experimental research methodology. Data collecting tools consisted of self-
directed learning and communication skill tests. The sample group used in this study comprised 84 first-year
graduate students in the Faculty of Science at Srinakharinwirot University who registered in the Information
Literacy Skills course in the first semester of 2013. They were divided into two groups. Forty-one students
were placed in the experimental group and forty-four others were placed in the control group. Percentage,
mean, standard deviation and t-test were used for data analysis. The results revealed that the blended
learning classroom students had higher scores in self-directed learning and communication skills than the
normal classroom students. This suggests that blended learning is beneficial not only for the Information
Literacy Skills course but also for general courses that assist the first-year students to adjust to university life
and prepare them for the work place.
Key words: Blended learning; Self- directed learning; Communication skills; Undergraduate students
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Jaemjan Sriarunrasmee, Faculty of Education, Srinakharinwirot University,

Thailand. E-mail address:jaemjan@swu.ac.th
Learning Anatomy of Nursing and Medical Students

Burçin Işık,Zirve University Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaziantep, Turkey
Samiye Kuzudişli,Zirve University Medical Faculty, Gaziantep, Turkey
Abstract
The purpose of study is to determine the learning style preferences of nursing and medical students. Study
sample included 221 nursing and medical students who study in prep and first class at a private university in
Gaziantep. Study was relized with 193 students who were volunteer to participate in research. Data were
collected by using “Information Form” and “How I Learn Inventory”. Results present that students have mainly
Type I and Type IV learning styles; nursing students have mainly Type I (Spesific Sequential) and medical
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students have mainly Type IV (Spesific Simultaneous) learning style. According to the results, nursing students
have well developed ability to derive information through direct, hand on experience; medical students have
an experimental attitude and they need innovation and creativity in teaching-learning process. It can be
suggested that faculty members consider learning styles and structure learning and teaching environments
through these styles.
Key words: Learning, Learning style, Nursing, Medical student
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Burçin Işık, Zirve University Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaziantep, Turkey.
E-mail address: burcin.isik@zirve.edu.tr
Opinions of Teachers about Gifted Students

Deniz Ozcan* , Department of Educational Programs and Teaching, Near East University, Cyprus.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine the primary school teachers’ opinions about giftedness, and also
evaluate these opinions according to Renzulli’s Three Ring Conception of Giftedness. The study group of this
study consisted of 30 primary school teachers. Qualitative approach was used to collect data . Data was
collected via open-ended questions. Open coding methods were used to analyse the semi structured
discussion recordings. Findings of the study indicated that primary school teachers opinions’ about giftedness
and their knowledge about giftedness and gifted children are inadequate for the realization and the
nomination of the gifted children.
Key Words: Giftedness, Gifted and Talented Students, Teachers of Gifted children, Three Ring Conception of
Giftednes.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Deniz Ozcan, Department of Educational Programs and Teaching, Near East
University, Cyprus. E-mail address:denizozcan55@gmail.com
The Influence of Victorian Dolls on the Costumes of Young

Princess Daughters of King Chulalongkorn
Jaruphan Supprung,Fashion Design, Faculty of Fine & Applied Arts,SuanSunandhaRajabhat University, Thailand
Abstract
only 35 photos of young princess daughters of King Chulalongkorn preserved in the National Archives and the
which the blouses in 18 photos are modified to wear with Jong Kraben (the traditional loincloth), and the
blouse in the only one photo is modified to wear with Phanung (the traditional tube skirt).
Key words: Influence, Victorian doll, Costume, Young princess daughter.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Jaruphan Supprung, Fashion Design, Faculty of Fine & Applied
Arts,SuanSunandhaRajabhat University, Thailand. E-mail address:jaruphuns@yahoo.com
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High School Students' Attitudes towards Distance Education:
Comparative Study
Birol Çelik , Department of Educational Curriculum and Instruction, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
Hüseyin Uzunboylu, Department of Educational Curriculum and Instruction, Near East University, Nicosia,
Cyprus
Abstract
By the rapidly evolving technologies, alternative training methods used on training needs of individuals instead
of classical training methods. With the growing popularity of distance education opportunities, students'
attitudes towards distance education is rapidly changing. The purpose of this study is determining changes of
attitudes of high school students in 2010 and 2014 towards distance education. To achieve this study "Distance
Learning Attitude Scale" (DLAS) and "Personal Information Form" (PIF) developed by Çelik (2011) utilized.
Mentioned measuring tools applied to 92 in 2010 and 99 in 2014 high school students. DLAS has two sub-
dimensions on distance education which are positive and negative attitudes. The reliability of these subscales
were examined by Cronbach's Alpha coefficient. Positive sub-dimension attitude toward distance learning
Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient calculated as α=0.91 for 2010 and α=0.92 for 2014 and negative sub-dimension
attitude toward distance learning Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient calculated as α=0.75 for 2010 and α=0.79 for
2014. Participant student’s gender, socio-economic levels and internet usage durations determined by PIF.
Internet usage durations of students grouped by less than 1 hour, 1-3 hours and more than 3 hours. ANOVA
used on SPSS 20 software to analyze if student’s gender, socio-economic level and internet usage durations
have meaning impact on positive and negative attitudes. Homogeneity of variances analyzed by Levene F test.
Each test examined separately for the 2010 and 2014 data. As a result of the analysis, no significant difference
(p<0.05) of student’s gender on distance education attitudes detected. The time spent on the Internet in 2010
has a significant difference (p=0.04) on positive attitude but no significant difference on negative attitude. No
significant difference for the time spent on Internet for both attitude scales. Socio-economic status of students
has a significant difference (p=0.02) on positive attitude for the year 2010 but no meaning difference for the
year 2014. Additionally no change detected on distance learning attitudes of students in comparison between
the year 2010 and 2014.
Key words: distance learning, internet, computer, high school students
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Birol Çelik, Department of Educational Curriculum and Instruction, Near
East University, Nicosia, Cyprus. E-mail address:celik.birol@gmail.com
RESEARCHING THE EFFECT OF SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS’

MANAGERIAL BEHAVIOURS ON TEACHERS
Bahar YAKUT ÖZEK * , Educational Management, Turkey.
Merve BAŞARAN, Educational Management, Turkey.
Abstract
Implementation of school performance depends on using human and material resources most effectively by
administrator in school. In this case, the management and administrative processes requires school
administrators to know better. He/she needs to be qualified in both educational management and behavioural
sciences in order to mobilize individuals and groups within and outside the school for the school’s purposes
(Bursalıoğlu, 1994). Executives should pay attention to make school atmosphere comfortable for teachers. If
teachers can work in a relaxing environment then they can be successful(Güven, 2012). Managerial behavior, is
a combination of his/her knowledge, skills and attitudes in order to make his/her organization effective.
Managerial behaviors of the administrator in order to complete a particular job, creates a series of
administrative actions (Özkalp, 1984). Behavior of teachers in each school are different from each other. One of
the major reasons for this difference is the managerial behavior adopted by directors in managing school
(Taymaz, 2011). The purpose of this research is to determine how and in which direction managerial behavior
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of school administrators effects the behavior of teachers in school. Qualitative research methods will be used
in conducting this research. Research will be carried out with interviews and interviews will be conducted using
a semi-structured interview form and maximum variation sampling will be used from purposeful sampling
methods. Data to be obtained within the research will be work out by the content analysis method which is a
qualitative analysis.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Bahar YAKUT ÖZEK, Educational Management, Turkey.

E-mail address:yakutbah@hotmail.com
Training of spatial perception and drawing skills in the field

of parametric surfaces.
Claudiu Vasile Silvasan * , "Politehnica" University of Timisoara, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism,
Romania.
Abstract
At the begining of their studies in Architecture and Design Faculties, the students have a minimum of abilities
and knowledge (in) of the spatial representation domain of simple volumes and surfaces. The current
technology allows in all domains the development of complex objects with parametric surfaces. The paper
presents a series of exercises done by students, designed to improve the spatial perception and drawing skills
of parametric surfaces and complex forms in general, in order to be able to design more easily in specialised
computer programs. Further projects show easiness of understanding and working with the above mentioned
forms and enhancement of creativity in this domain.
Key words: education, drawing skills, parametric surfaces, spatial perception
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Claudiu Vasile Silvasan, "Politehnica" University of Timisoara, Faculty of

Architecture and Urbanism, Romania. E-mail address:cl.silvasan@gmail.com
Dynamic perception of space. Developing abilities of mental

perception and three-dimensional representation
Claudiu Vasile Silvasan * , "Politehnica" University of Timisoara, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism,
Romania.
Abstract
In architecture, unlike other subjects of study, space is lived dynamically or is perceived statically from different
points of view. Purpose of Study: The physical reality of the building and its perception are two different things.
In addition to the fact that it implies directly the three-dimensional view, this is done dynamically including the
fourth dimension: time, in the relation. Additionally, the sense of touch, hearing, short and long term memory,
the viewer’s culture are also used. The aimed scope is to understand space before creating it effectively
through drafts, brief renderings based on some mental images. Presented exercises are forming mental images
and sketches for a "travel" route around and inside the building, of rendering with understanding the
materiality and the way the space is lighted, of understanding the transparency and reflections and so on.
Key words: Dynamic perception of space. Developing abilities of mental perception and three-dimensional
representation
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Claudiu Vasile Silvasan, "Politehnica" University of Timisoara, Faculty of

Architecture and Urbanism, Romania. E-mail address:cl.silvasan@gmail.com
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Processes of integration of Higher Level Studies. The case of
Teacher Training in Argentina
Carina Fraca, Universidad Católica de Cuyo. Facultad de Educación. Av.Ignacio de la Roza 1516 oeste. San Juan
5400, Argentina
Abstract
A correlation exists between current attempts to integrate the University System and Institutes of Teacher
Training in Argentina, and policies applied in the 1990s with the passage of the Federal Law of Education and
the Law of Higher Education. These policies include the birth of what are known today as Curricular
Complementation Cycles or Licensure Cycles which allow graduates of the Institutes of Teacher Training to
reach an academic degree level and allow graduates of teaching programs at the Formative Institutes to access
graduate level programs. This paper seeks to analyze and understand the effects that policies looking to
integrate the higher education system had in the wake of the passage of the National Law of Education and the
birth of the National Institute of Teacher Training. These policies allowed for the implementation of a
framework of low flexibility in the systems they put into practice or allowed Universities to completely not
recognize studies completed in non-university settings. Additionally, behind the passage of each one of these
laws there exists a conception of the higher education system. As such, we seek to identify the base
philosophies that prevail during both periods as they relate to the concept of integration and linkage of the
Teacher Training system, both within the University System and in the Institutes of Teacher Training.
Key words: Higher Education – Teacher Training – National Institute of Teacher Training – base philosophy –
consequences in the realm of practice
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Carina Fraca, Universidad Católica de Cuyo. Facultad de Educación.

Av.Ignacio de la Roza 1516 oeste. San Juan 5400, Argentina. E-mail address:cfraca@uccuyo.edu.ar
A MODEL IN INTERIOR ARCHITECTURE EDUCATION:

FROM KOYUNOĞLU LIBRARY TO KONYA CITY MUSEUM
Rabia KÖSE DOĞAN, Selcuk University Faculty of Fine Arts Department of Interior Architecture and
Environmental Design, 42079 Konya-Turkey
Abstract
Born in Konya in 1900, İzzet Koyunoğlu is an important character, who dedicated himself to collect, protect and
hand down the next generations the ancient works. In 1973 he granted the works collected by him since 1913
to Konya Municipality with no thought of personal gain. Works were firstly exhibited in Koyunoğlu’s own home
and later they were started to be exhibited in Museum and Library Building constructed under his name near
Koyunoğlu Home in 1984. Koyunoğlu Library and Museum is first special museum established by municipalities
in Turkey. Other than amendments performed related with it, a detailed work was not carried out in this
building that celebrated 30th anniversary in 2014. It was requested to renew this building in order to bring it
into compliance with today’s conditions because of importance given to this matter by Konya Metropolitan
Municipality. In accordance with this development and in the scope of 2014-2015 Academic Year Fall Term
Interior Architecture Project–7 Course of Department Of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design of
Faculty Of Fine Arts of Seljuk University, Koyunoğlu Library and Museum was addressed by 4th course students
as Konya City Museum. Studies performed in the scope of this paper shall be supported and told by visual
materials. Purpose of the project is to make indoor arrangement to ensure that the building that is important
for the city satisfies to today’s needs, to offer solution suggestions to users for new services and to prevent the
destruction of the building due to time-dependent aging process. Value of the project for students is that: to
learn the protection of cultural heritage of the city.
Key words: Museum, Library, Interior Architecture, Project, Education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Rabia KÖSE DOĞAN, Selcuk University Faculty of Fine Arts Department of
Interior Architecture and Environmental Design, 42079 Konya-Turkey.
E-mail address:rabiakose@selcuk.edu.tr
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Socio-Educational And Scientific-Technical Aspects Of The
Architectural Presentation Of Spaces Intended For Religious
Act In Romania
Anca-Maria Moscovici,Politehnica University Timisoara, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Land
Ion Petrica,Politehnica University Timisoara, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Land Measurements
and Cadastre, no 2A, Traian Lalescu street, Timisoara 300223, Romania
Abstract
Resection is one of the most used methods that provides undeniable accuracy within topo-geodetic
measurements using optical stations. The particularity of this method consists in setting up the total station
above the new point (the point to be determined) and sighting the old fixed points. When the topo-geodetic
measurements are performed using optical stations, usually some of the old fixed points sighted consist in the
crosses that are located on the Tower of the churches in that locality. Although, worldwide the trend is to
proceed to the GNSS measurements, at universities the courses contain a history of the topo-geodetic
measurements for the students to be informed and learn about the classic methods and optical measuring
methods.
Getting through all stages characteristic to topo-geodetic measurements from simple to complex and
presentation of the methods developed since the most ancient times up to the most modern and sophisticated
used at the present time, are designed to provide to the students the necessary information for a better
perception and comparative use of knowledge.
Resection’s features will be presented in this paper also highlighting the teaching methods, presentation of the
Church as an institution and its social role in topo-geodetic measurements.
Key words: education, sociology, religion, topo-geodetic measurement
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Anca-Maria Moscovici, Politehnica University Timisoara, Faculty of Civil

Engineering, Department of Land Measurements and Cadastre, no 2A, Traian Lalescu street, Timisoara 300223,
Romania. E-mail address:moscovicianca@gmail.com
Associating "Citizenship" Concepts in Social

Studies Curriculum, Which is Performed in Turkey, With
Other Concepts
Sevgi COŞKUN KESKİN*, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sakarya 54300, Turkey
Ayşegül KIRTEL, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sakarya 54300, Turkey
Yusuf KESKİN, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sakarya 54300, Turkey
Abstract
Concepts are the abstract representatives of those classifications created by objects, events, ideas and
behaviors which have some similar or common traits. Individuals think through concepts while they are
thinking. The richer relations have the concepts with each other, the richer will thinking process is. Therefore,
developing concepts is an important part for education. Social Sciences have a great role in developing
concepts. The aim of this study is to find out how one can associate some citizenship concepts of social
sciences classes with those of related with them. For this purpose, government, citizenship, democracy,
constitution, state, election and public concepts, which are planned to be developed through Social Studies
Curriculum for 4-7 graders, have been selected. In this research single crosshatching model has been used
among general crosshatching models. In order to achieve the goal of the study, a word association test
developed through the topic, has been applied to 181 8th grader students. The achieved data has been
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analyzed in terms of percentage and frequency of the concepts. Concepts which have breakpoints above 60,
50, 40 and 30, have been associated with mind maps. At the end of the research, mind maps of the students
upon citizenship concepts have been deducted and it has been concluded that they have some
misunderstandings about public, state and government concepts. It has also been understood that the concept
of citizenship could not been associated with other concepts. Apart from this, it has been seen that concepts
like prime-minister, president, right, liberty and TGNA (Turkish Grand National Assembly) have come into
prominence.
Key words: Citizenship, Social Sciences Education, Concept education, concept relationship
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sevgi COŞKUN KESKİN, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sakarya 54300, Turkey.
E-mail address:scoskun@sakarya.edu.tr
The effect of school administrators’ decision-making styles

on teacher job satisfaction
Dinçer Ölçüm* , Adatepe Secondary School, Karasu/Sakarya 54500, Turkey
Osman Titrek, Sakarya University Education Faculty, Hendek/Sakarya 54300, Turkey
Abstract
This study, conducted using a correlational method, determines the relationship between school
administrators’ decision-making styles and teachers’ job satisfaction levels. In total, 483 teachers and 167
administrators from primary schools in Sakarya Province, Turkey, were surveyed. The short form Minnesota
Satisfaction Questionnaire and Decision-Making Styles Questionnaire were used. The results show that the job
satisfaction levels of teachers and administrators who participated in the survey were high. We conclude that
administrators mostly use rational decision-making style, and they rarely use avoidant decision-making style.
Regression analysis results showed that teacher job satisfaction levels were predicted significantly by
administrators’ decision-making styles.
Key words: decision-making style, job satisfaction, teacher, school administrator, educational administration
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Dinçer Ölçüm, Adatepe Secondary School, Karasu/Sakarya 54500, Turkey.
E-mail address:dincer.olcum@yahoo.com
Assessment discourses during social moderation processes”

Dr Peter Grainger,Lecturer in Education, School of Education, University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia
Dr Lenore Adie, Lecturer in Education, School of Education, University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia
Dr Katie Weir, Lecturer in Education, School of Education, University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia
Abstract
Quality assurance is a major agenda in tertiary education. The casualization of academic teaching and learning
processes is also a quality assurance issue. Casual or sessional staff members teach and assess more than 50%
of all university courses in Australia. Moderation processes are a pivotal part of robust quality assurance
measures. Drawing upon previous work surrounding four discourses of moderation (Adie, Lloyd and Beutel,
2013) this pilot project reports the results of research into the role and impact sessional staff play in
moderation processes at a regional university. Qualitative data were gathered through focus interviews.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Dr Peter Grainger, Lecturer in Education, School of Education, University of
the Sunshine Coast, AustraliaE-mail address:peter.grainger@usc.edu.au
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School Principals’ Roles in Establishing Collaborative
Professional Learning Communities at Schools
Aydın Balyer, Yildiz Technical University Besiktas, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey
Hakan Karataş, Yildiz Technical University Besiktas, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey
Bülent Alcı, Yildiz Technical University Besiktas, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey
Abstract
In education teachers’ individual and collective efforts are essential in order to improve student learning and
realize reforms successfully. In this respect, capacity development is very important at schools. Capacity
development is a complicated state based on motivation, skill development, learning, positive organizational
culture and support mechanisms. It is believed that establishing professional learning communities develops
capacity and improves students’ learning at school. In order to develop capacity and maintain it, establishing
“professional learning communities” at school is one of the administrative roles that school principals should
fulfil. As far as capacity development is concerned, it is more important for school principals to establish
collaborative professional learning communities at schools than ever. Therefore, the main purpose of this study
is to present what principal roles in establishing professional earning community are in the current system. The
research was conducted qualitatively and the data were collected through interviews with 15 principals.
Results reveal that school principals have significant roles establishing professional learning communities.
However, they do not perform this role adequately.
Key words: School principal; principal role; school management; collaborative learning
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Aydın Balyer, Yildiz Technical University Besiktas, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey.
E-mail address:balyer@yildiz.edu.tr
An Investigation of undergraduates’ language learning

strategies
Karatas Hakan,Yildiz Technical University Besiktas, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey
Balyer Aydin*,Yildiz Technical University Besiktas, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey
Alci Bulent,Yildiz Technical University Besiktas, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey
Abstract
Learning strategies are steps taken by students to enhance their own learning. Strategies are especially
important for language learning because they are tools for active, self-directed involvement, which is essential
for developing communicative competence (Oxford, 1990). Language learning strategies also enable students
to gain a large measure of responsibility for their own progress. This study aims to determine undergraduates’
language learning strategies and relationship with gender. The participants of the study were composed of 120
undergraduates from different departments and attending in English preparation class. To determine
undergraduates’ language learning strategies, the data were collected using “Strategy Inventory for Language
Learning (SILL)”, originally developed by Oxford (1990) and Turkish bilingual equivalence, validity and reliability
of which carried out by Cesur and Fer (2007), was used. The analysis of independent samples of t-test was
conducted to clarify the language learning strategies of undergraduates in terms of gender. The results reveal
that significant differences were found in undergraduates’ language learning strategies relating to gender.
These findings and implications for educational researchers and the significance of such individual differences
in language learning strategies were discussed.
Key words: Language learning strategies, undergraduates, language proficiency, gender
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Balyer Aydin, Yildiz Technical University Besiktas, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey.
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The role of undergraduates’ study skills on academic
achievement
Alci Bulent* , Yildiz Technical University Besiktas, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey
Karatas Hakan, Yildiz Technical University Besiktas, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey
Balyer Aydin, Yildiz Technical University Besiktas, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey
Abstract
There is a growing need for the integration of various theoretical perspectives on academic achievement such
as study skills. Study skills are approaches applied to learning that assist students to be successful in schools in
a way of passing an exam or even obtaining good grades. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect
of undergraduates’ study skills on academic achievement and significances in their study skills in terms of
gender and department. The sample group of the study consists of 210 undergraduates studying in three
different departments at School of Education. To determine their study skills, the data were collected using
“Study Skills Scale” developed by Bay, Tugluk, and Gencdogan (2005). To determine the correlation between
undergraduates’ study skills and academic achievement, the analysis of Pearson correlation was used. Also, to
determine significant differences in undergraduates’ study skills regarding gender and departments, the
analysis of independent samples of t-test and ANOVA were conducted. The results reveal that there is a
positive correlation between study skills and academic achievement and also significant differences were found
in undergraduates’ study skills in terms of gender and departments
Key words: Study skills, undergraduates, gender, department
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Alci Bulent, Yildiz Technical University Besiktas, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey.
“MANIFESTATION, ASSESSMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF

PRECISSENES AT 7 YEARS OLD CHILDREN
Mitevski Orce, St. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Faculty of Physical education, Sport and Health,
1000 Skopje, Macedonia
Biljana Popeska, Goce Delcev” University, Stip, Faculty of Educational Sciences, 2000 Stip, Macedonia
Snezana Jovanova - Mitkovska*, Goce Delcev” University, Stip, Faculty of Educational Sciences, 2000 Stip,
Macedonia
Abstract
Preciseness is one of the abilities that defines human motor space. It is related with successful realization on
many movement tasks especially those related with ball games. Considering the fact that every age period has
its own specifics regarded to manifestation and assessment of motor abilities, the aim of this paper is to
determine the manifestation and assessment of preciseness in the motor space of 7 years children and
possibilities for its development applying PE contents noted in PE curricula in primary education in Republic of
Macedonia. Preciseness was analyzed using 6 motor tests, four tests for estimation of preciseness with
throwing and two applied for preciseness with leading. Tests were applied on a sample of 123 seven year old
male examiners, second grade pupils in five primary schools in Republic of Macedonia. Using adequate
statistics methods and procedures we determined the manifestation of preciseness in latent motor space, as
well as tests characteristics: discriminativity, reliability, validity and represenatativity. According the obtained
results, applied tests have a good validity and poor reliability of applied tests. Following tests: Throwing tennis
ball in vertical goal with arm (PITET), Throwing ball in vertical goal with leg (PIVCN), Leading with long stick
(PVGDS) are recommended for future use for estimation of preciseness. The analysis of current PE curriculum
for second grade was used as a starting point in recommendation of activities suitable for development pf
preciseness in children.
Key words: preciseness, motor tests, tests characteristics, PE curriculum
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Snezana Jovanova - Mitkovska, Goce Delcev” University, Stip, Faculty of
Educational Sciences, 2000 Stip, Macedonia. E-mail address:biljana.popeska@ugd.edu.mk
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DUISENOVA MARZHAN MOLDAKASSYMOVNA
Marzhan Moldakassymovna Duisenova * , Ahmet Yasawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan,
Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan
Abstract
The existing system of primary education provides individual development students improve knowledge are
beneficial to the structural model of education. When student-centered approach to education and training
tailored to the needs, capacities and inclinations of the schoolboy and he serves as an active subject of teaching
activities. Student-centered learning is conducive to train and educate the student environment, develop
individual abilities pupil. Education communicative approach in primary school helps to shape the student's
personality, contributes to finding his place in life, creates an opportunity for evaluation, selection,
understanding, learning and comprehension of the importance of others', to make good decisions in everyday
life to the practical use of acquired skills and abilities.
Key words: Kazakh language; knowledge; competence; elementry school; method
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Marzhan Moldakassymovna Duisenova, Ahmet Yasawi International

Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan, Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan. E-mail address:marzhan.duisenova@iktu.kz
Learning difficulties related of health status of Moroccan

students
Fatima Zahra SOUBHI*, University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, Morocco; Observatory of Research in
Didactics and University Pedagogy (ORDIPU), Morocco
Laurent LIMA, ORDIPU / LIRADE-TIE / UFR ITEF, UNIVERSITE HASSAN II MOHAMMEDIA CASABLANCA-
FACULTE DES SCIENCES BEN M'SIK, Morocco
Mohammed TALBI,Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Education, Université Pierre Mendès France, France.
Noureddine KNOUZI, UNIVERSITE HASSAN II MOHAMMEDIA CASABLANCA- FACULTE DES SCIENCES BEN M'SIK,
Morocco.
Bouzekri TOURI, University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, Morocco; Observatory of Research in Didactics
and University Pedagogy (ORDIPU), Morocco
Abstract
This study is related to theVolubilis project "Moroccan and European students: a comparative approach”,
which aims to identify the challenges and expectations of Moroccan students.
The purpose of this research was to provide data about the health status the effects of communication
disorders and learning difficulties on self-confidence and academic performances within students from the
University Hassan II Mohammedia –Casablanca.
350 students belonging to the University Hassan II Mohammedia -Casablanca participated in the survey. The
average age of students is 22 years and suffers no physical or mental disability.
Our results indicate that the majority of students surveyed report having good health. However, a quarter of
students report being affected by one or more communication disorders. Half of the students affected by a
disorder report low self-esteem, more than a quarter Of these students had a feeling of social rejection.The
majority of these students say that they have faced difficulties to continue their studies, which suggests That
communication disorders lead to a form of academic failure.
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Fatima Zahra SOUBHI, University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca,

Morocco; Observatory of Research in Didactics and University Pedagogy (ORDIPU), Morocco.
E-mail address:fsoubhi@gmail.com
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Competency-based training to develop basic computer skills
for the elderly: a case study of the Dusit community,
Bangkok, Thailand
Kittikhun Meethongjan,Department of Applied Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha
Rajabhat University,Dusit, Bangkok 10300,Thailand.
Nisanart Tachpetpaiboon,Department of Applied Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha
Rajabhat University,Dusit, Bangkok 10300,Thailand
Abstract
The objective of the research on the competency-based training to develop basic computer skills for the elder
in Dusit community, Bangkok, Thailand was to find learning achievement of basic computer knowledge and skill
training of people in the mentioned area. After the training, the people should be able to access information
technology system efficiently. The results showed that after the training, the trainees reported learning
achievement at a statistically significant level of 0.05 and an increasing of learning achieved at an average of
6.82.
Key words: Competency-based training, basic computer skills, non-formal education learners, the elder, Dusit
community
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Kittikhun Meethongjan, Department of Applied Science, Faculty of Science

and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University,Dusit, Bangkok 10300,Thailand.
E-mail address:kittmee@yahoo.com
STUDY REGARDING THE SPEED ANALYSIS ON APPROACH AT

JUNIOR III, POLE VAULT SALT
Fagaras Pia Simona*,University of Medicine and Farmacy, Gheorghe Marinescu nr. 38, cod 540139, Târgu
Mureș, România
Graur Cristian, University of Medicine and Farmacy, Gheorghe Marinescu nr. 38, cod 540139, Târgu Mureș,
România
Abstract
Problem Statement: One of the most complex, fascinating and challenging athletic events is the pole vault. One
of the key factors to achieve performance in athletics, in jumping in general and at pole vault sault in particular,
is on approach speed achieved. Purpose of study: Hypothesis we started in conducting the research was to
determine whether approach affects the final performance obtained. The aim of the study was to determine
the approach speed at the pole vault jumper in the final stage of Athletics National Championship Junior III
held in Bacau, in March 2014. Methods: For this purpose, we have used Microgate race timer 2 device for data
collection. The speed was measured in the last 10 m of the approach run as follows: the first pair of photocells
was set to 4 m from the end of the box support the second pair of photocells were located at 9 m from the end
of the box support and 5 m from the first pair of photocells, the 3rd pair of photocells were set at 14 m from
the end of the box support and a 5 m from the second pair of photocells and 10 m from the first pair of
photocells Findings and results Thus we obtain the speed on the last 10m and the results can indicate if we
have an accelerate or decelerating speed on approach. The results were analyzed using SPSS 20 software and
also the results were compared with those of world champions at this athletic event. Conclusion and
reccomendation: A higher value for the parameters of specific speed V1 and V2 leads to the possibility of using
higher pols with a higher flexibility index and this final leads to a better result.
Keywords: Pole vault salt; Microgate Race timer 2; speed aproach
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Fagaras Pia Simona, University of Medicine and Farmacy, Gheorghe
Marinescu nr. 38, cod 540139, Târgu Mureș, România
E-mail address: monihaba@yahoo.com
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Finding Inspiration for Literacy Instruction from
Authors/Illustrators through Online Portfolios in a Children's
Literature Research Collection
Verla Kroeker Klassen, Kerlan Friends Board, University of Minnesota, United States
Abstract
The session will introduce participants to online literacy instructional materials and suggest possible methods
for use in the classroom. It shares primary source material of authors/illustrators belonging to a major research
collection recognized for depth and diversity. The Kerlan Collection is part of the Children's Literature Research
Collection (CLRC) at the University of Minnesota, one of the world's great children's literature research
collections. It is an archive of source materials donated by authors/illustrators which includes books, original
manuscripts and illustrations, and many related materials that document the writing/illustrating/creating
process. The Kerlan Collection presently contains more than 100,000 children's books as well as original
manuscripts, artwork, galleys, and color proofs for more than 12,000 children's books.
(https://www.lib.umn.edu/clrc/kerlan-collection) This session will introduce participants to the practical
aspects of incorporating children's literature primary sources into the curriculum through the examination of
an online portfolio featuring author and illustrator collaboration. Online portfolios have the ability to inspire
both teacher and student, provide access to instructional material to any classroom with internet access, and
include links to other reference sites that allow the teacher to expand the classroom discussion and activities to
related topics that may include a cultural, political, or geographical focus. Gura and Percy (2005, p. 161) state
that teachers need to engage students as they pursue knowledge in their classrooms in order to "recapture the
hearts and minds of their students." Incorporating the various primary source materials included in online
portfolios draws upon multiple modes of literacy learning including elements of movement, visual arts, and
print which helps children move up the ladder of language and literacy success (Richards & McKenna, 2003).
Key words:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Verla Kroeker Klassen, Kerlan Friends Board, University of Minnesota,
United States. E-mail address:vklassen37@hotmail.com
Autobiographical questionnaire and semi-structured

interview: comparing two instruments for educational
research in difficult contexts
Prof. Gabriella Aleandri,Associate Professor of General and Social Pedagogy, Dept. of Education, Cultural
Heritage and Tourism University of Macerata (ITALY) p.le Luigi Bertelli (Contrada Vallebona) 62100 –
Macerata.
Dr. Vincenza Russo,Via Passanti Flocco, Masseria Tedesco 76 – 80041 Boscoreale (Naples) ITALY
Abstract
Autobiographical method is spreading a lot among Italian and foreign research and studies, about adult
education in lifelong learning view. In fact, above all in adulthood, it is possible to think about themselves in a
more critical and conscious way, reworking mentally their own life and past experiences. Promoting the
mobilization of introspective thought from childhood it is very useful to make gradually acquire the ability to
learn by themselves, to learn from relationships with the others and from the experiences in lifetime. In fact,
self-learning is one of the pedagogical objectives underlying the biographical survey. The moment when we feel
the need to tell about ourselves is a sign of a new stage of our lifelong and lifewide growth process. During
autobiographical narrative, pleasant and unpleasant memories are evoked. In this context, the research has
focused on the analysis of two survey instruments: a format / autobiographical questionnaire and a semi-
structured interview.
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Both the main events of the analyzed autobiographical subjects, the emotional-affective and relational areas as
well as the reasons that led teachers and educators of the sample to carry out this profession were collected
through both instruments. The choice of those instruments has been ensued by a particular interest in people
who are induced to communicate and share attitudes, feelings, perceptions and expectations, being solicited
by open-ended questions. The author / actor of autobiographical writing, thanks to the help of the format, is
guided, supported and facilitated not to bring out the recollections to the memory only but also in giving sense
and meaning to their own experiences, as well as identifying and managing a range of emotions and mixed
feelings, being in a situation of intimacy and with relaxed and subjectively adjusted time. One of the most
characterizing elements of the semi-structured interview was the intersubjective relationship between the
interviewer and the interviewee due to an intimate environment, peculiar emotions and feelings which have
been proved to be beneficial for both performers involved. In this segment of the research will be analyzed and
compared elements proceeded through the two instruments used. As regards the methodology, quantitative
and qualitative analyses derived from an original grounded theory have been used.
Key words: lifelong learning; adult education; qualitative research; autobiography
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Prof. Gabriella Aleandri, Associate Professor of General and Social
Pedagogy, Dept. of Education, Cultural Heritage and Tourism University of Macerata (ITALY) p.le Luigi Bertelli
(Contrada Vallebona) 62100 – Macerata. E-mail address:kittmee@yahoo.com
Business Forecasting Technique on Mobile Devices by Using

R - Programming
Somruay Apichatibutarapong*, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University,
1 U-Thong Nok Road, Dusit District, Bangkok, Thailand. 10300
Abstract
The research aims to develop business forecasting technique on Mobile Devices by R – Programming. The
researcher has developed the learning resource by utilizing C++ Builder 2009 program, enhanced by R -
Programming: concerning database, Microsoft Access 2007 has been selected to store data.
The researcher collected the data on business forecasting as follows: Exponential Smoothing Model, Holt -
Winters Model, ARMA (Mixed Autoregressive Moving Average Model). In each model includes an explanation
of business forecasting technique; also do 10 examples including sample calculation and research, and an
application for business.
The evaluation on quality and convenience of the development of business forecasting techniques on mobile
devices by applying R - Programming, based on 30 students who interested in business forecasting techniques,
revealed that the quality of the business forecasting technique development by applying R - Programming
regarding the informational system is on effective level, according to students either in summary or in each
indicator.
This study was intends to be the beginning step for new strategies in learning business forecasting technique by
using the web technology and mobile devices. It would be beneficial to those looking for alternative strategies
in learning Statistics. For the further investigation, it should be added more forecasting technique in business.
Key words: Business forecasting technique, ARMA model, Exponential Smoothing mode Holt-Winters model,
Mobile learning
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Somruay Apichatibutarapong, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Suan

Sunandha Rajabhat University, 1 U-Thong Nok Road, Dusit District, Bangkok, Thailand. 10300.
E-mail address:somruay.ap@ssru.ac.th, somruayy@yahoo.com
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Self-assessment of the progress of thesis for the phd
students in the Moroccan university
Fatima ezzahra KEMAL,
Abstract
The scientific research in Morocco experienced a big development for accompany the competitiveness which
the world of science knows. The Phd students, representative a very important element in the university
research must have the necessary skills to realize and succed this research and especially to emphasize it.
This research finds oun justification in the spirit of the university towards the professionalisation of the trade of
the researcher, and allows to evaluate the advance of the subjects of research of phd students of the Faculty of
Science Ben M'Sik, Casablanca, through a tool for self-assesment on their capacities to judge and judge their
position with their theses, because there are better placed than any other person to measure the evolution and
the success of there subjects, of the advance of there research, the quality of results compared to there basic
problematics…
Our tool will allow to the phd students to imply itself in a process of self-assesment for giving him more
visibility and more importance in the follow-up of unfolding of its theisis
Keywords: scientific research, doctorand, evaluation, auto--evaluation (self-assesment), capacity, a tool,

University, professionalisation.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Fatima ezzahra KEMAL,

E-mail address:kemal.fatimaezzahra@gmail.com
Strategic Leadership of School Administrators as Percieved

by the Teacher’s in Schools North Eastern Thailand
Chusorn Prayuth,Faculty of Education, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen and 40002, Thailand
Somprach Kanokorn,Faculty of Education, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen and 40002, Thailand
Abstract
The objectives of this research were to study and compare the school administrators’ strategic leadership
based on teachers’ perception, North Eastern Thailand, as classified by teaching experience as well as school
size by using the Survey Research. The samples were 172 teachers. The Questionnaire was administered as
research instrument. Data were analyzed by using the Computer Program to find the Frequency ( f ),
Percentage (%), Standard Deviation (S.D.). For hypothesis testing, the t-test (Independent Sample was
administered.
The research findings found that the school administrators’ strategic leadership based on teachers’ perception
in schools North Eastern Thailand, in all of 3 aspects, were in “High” level. Considering each aspect, found that
the aspect with highest average value, was the strategic application. The second order included the
determination of organizational direction, and the strategic control and assessment respectively.
For comparison of school administrators’ strategic leadership based on teachers’ perception in schools, as
classified by teaching experience as well as school size, in overall and each aspect, found that there were
significant differences in perception of teachers in different sized schools, on the school administrators’
strategic leadership at 0.05 level.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Chusorn Prayuth, Faculty of Education, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen
and 40002, Thailand. E-mail address:pchusorn1957@gmail.com
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Schools, Parents, and Community Partnership Enhancing
Students’ Learning Achievement
Prasertcharoensuk Thanomwan*, Faculty of Education, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen and 40002, Thailand
Tapkhwa Napinrat, Sanambin School Prachasamosorn Rd., Nai Muang Sub-District, Muang District, Khon Kean
Abstract
This research aimed to investigate the level of schools, parents and community partnership to enhance the
students’ learning achievement classified by school size, and to find guidelines where schools, parents and
community participate towards students’ learning achievement. A total of 1,109 respondents constituting
school administrators, teachers, parents and community under the Office of Khon Kaen Primary Educational
Service Area 1 were involved. This study employed explanatory mixed-method research design. The data
analyzed utilizing descriptive type of research and statistical tools such as: mean value, standard deviation and
content analysis. The result revealed that in overall, schools, parents and community had participated. It’s
found that the most participated part was on implementation, and the least participated part was on
evaluation. Regarding school size, it revealed that different size of school caused the difference between the
administrating partnership statistically significant at 0.01 level, and after making a comparison of student
learning’ achievement, it found that the quality was not statistically significant at 0.05 level. To achieve the
students’ learning achievement, the school should provide chances for parents and community to share their
ideas, create an evaluating and tracking system to indicate the efficiency of administration, to accelerate, to
simplify, and to mobilize the educational resources. The school, parents, and community should show honesty,
reliability and respect to each other, and learn to be good leaders and followers which will lead to a good team-
working. Improve profession standards and ethics, including establishing teachers’ connection.
Keywords: parent-community partnership, students’ learning quality, primary school
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Prasertcharoensuk Thanomwan, Faculty of Education, Khon Kaen

University, Khon Kaen and 40002, Thailand. E-mail address:thapra03@gmail.com
The Characteristics of School Administrators affecting

Teacher Competency
Sirisooksilp Saowanee*, Faculty of Education KhonKaen University, KhonKaen 40002,Thailand
Ariratana Wallapha, Faculty of Education KhonKaen University, KhonKaen 40002,Thailand
Choompradit Jutarat, Teacher under the office of Primary Education Khon Kaen, Khon Kaen 40002,Thailand
Abstract
The present, various organizations in the public sector or private sector, had to adjust oneself for survival as
well as growth and advancement in rapid changing environment. One’s competency in change management
for organization was the indicator of administrators’ competency. The competency was a person’s
characteristic relating to the work performance including Knowledge, Skills, Ability, and other characteristics.
The objectives of this study were to investigate the characteristics of school administrators affecting teacher
competency. The study employed quantitative method survey design using questionnaire as an instrument.
Simple random sampling technique was utilized in this study. A total of 313 teachers from schools under Khon
Kaen Primary Educational Service Area Office 1 were involved as respondents. Data was analysed using
frequency, percentage, mean value, standard deviation, Pearson product-moment correlation, and the multiple
regression Stepwise method. Findings showed that there are three aspects of the characteristics of school
administrators, namely democratic personality, flexibility to situations and had broad and far vision as
significantly affecting teacher competency. In addition, the characteristics of school administrator have been
jointly predicted teacher competency at 46.10 percent with the significance level at 0.01. In conclusion, the
school administrators’ characteristics in the democratic personality, flexibility to situations , and broad and far
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vision , the Office of Educational Service Area should develop the school administrators’ characteristics to be
basic characteristic for leading their organization to the goal.
Keywords: Characteristics, School Administrators, Teacher Competency
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sirisooksilp Saowanee, Faculty of Education KhonKaen University,

KhonKaen 40002,Thailand. E-mail address:saotri@kku.ac.th
A Correlational Study Investigating the Relationship

Between the Fluidez en L Lectura Oral Lectural (IDEL FLO)
and the English Language portion of the Illinois Standard
Achievement Test (ISAT)
Brian J. Ganan*, Director of Academic Excellence at Riverside School District 96, Riverside, IL, United States
Gregory M. Hauser, Associate Professor of Educational Leadership, Roosevelt University, United States
Thomas P. Thomas, Professor of Secondary Education, Roosevelt University, Chicago, IL, United States
Abstract
Given the growth in the population of elementary school students in the USA whose first language is Spanish,
there is interest in ways to improve both the English language acquistion and reading comprehension of these
students. The population under investigation included second and third grade English Language Learners in a
suburban Midwestern school district in the USA. This study examined the relationship between student second
grade performance on the Fluidez en La Lectura Oral portion of the Indicadores Dinamicos de Exito en la
Lectura (IDEL FLO) and their performance in third grade on the English language reading portion of the Illinois
Standard Achievement Test (ISAT). Three years of test score data for these two tests were analyzed. A Pearson
product-moment correlation coefficient established a positive correlation between the IDEL FLO and the ISAT
tests, r = .476, p = < .05. Results indicate that student performance on the Spanish oral language fluency test is
a moderate predictor of student performance on the English reading test. A binary logistic regression test
revealed that students that met benchmark on the second grade IDEL FLO test were five times more likely to
meet standards on the third grade ISAT reading test than those that did not meet the second grade IDEL
benchmark. The results of this study provide evidence that student success on the Spanish oral language IDEL
ORF is a modest predictor for success on the English reading comprehension ISAT exam. A review of the
literature, recommendations for practice, and implications for future research are included.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Brian J. Ganan, Director of Academic Excellence at Riverside School District
96, Riverside, IL, United States. E-mail address:gananb@district96.org
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Development of explosive power to students with specific
means of volleyball game
Fagaras Pia Simona *, University of Medicine and Farmacy, Gheorghe Marinescu nr. 38, cod 540139, Târgu
Mureș, România
Turcanu Florin, University of Medicine and Farmacy, Gheorghe Marinescu nr. 38, cod 540139, Târgu Mureș,
România
Turcanu Dana Simona, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gh. Marinescu st., no.38, 540139, Tîrgu-Mureş,
Romania
Abstract
Problem-Statement: Development of explosive power to students in medicine field represents a challenge for
teachers, which leads us to address this issue through a study highlighting the importance of playing volleyball
in achieving these goals.
Purpose of study: The purpose of this research is to follow and to establish a methodological system of
operating, with specific means of voleyball game and implementation this in academic teaching activities in
physical training, in order to develop the driving ability in general and of explosive power in particular.
The research was performed on two groups of students. The experimental group is made of 44 (female)
students, I-st year, at Medicine Faculty. The control group is made of 51 (female) students, I-st year, at at
Medicine Faculty. The research has been made within October 1st, 2013 – February 28, 2014.
For experimental group, the process of teaching activities consisted of introducing in physical training, some
elements and technical procedures belonging to voleyball game. For control group, in order to develop the
explosive power, it has been operating exclusively with specific means belonging to other sport branches, than
voleyball.
For measuring the explosive power it has been used the standing long jump
Methods: Research methods used in the present study, were the following: self observation method,
observation method, psychological and pedagogical experiment, communication method, documents research
method, organizing and presenting data, statistical graphs, determination of statistical indices,
comparing/reporting.
Findings and Results: Due to experimental intervention, values of explosive power registered at final test of
Experimental group, increased significantly compared to initial test executed at the beginning of first semester
of academic year 2013/2014.
Conclusion and Reccomendation: By analizing the results of the research, we can issue the conclusion that, the
voleyball game may represent an alternative mean of developing the explosive power to students.
Due to that, we reccomend using the academic teaching activities in physical training, of sports games in
general and voleyball in particular.
Keywords: students, voleyball game, explosive power.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Fagaras Pia Simona, University of Medicine and Farmacy, Gheorghe
Marinescu nr. 38, cod 540139, Târgu Mureș, România. E-mail address:monihaba@yahoo.com
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MULTICULTURAL EDUCATIONAL ATTITUDES AND THE
IDENTITY FUNCTIONS OF TEACHER CANDIDATES
Osman Ferda Beytekin, Ege University, Turkey
Ayşegül Kadı, Ege University, Turkey
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to search for multicultural educational attitudes and the identity functions of
teacher candidates. The population consists of the teacher candidates at Ege University, Faculty of Education.
The sample is determined by convenience sampling method. In this study, teacher candidates answer the
“Multicultural Education Attitudes Scale” developed by Yavuz and Anıl (2010) and “Functions of Identity Scale”
developed by Demir (2011). SPSS 17.00 program is used for analysis of the data. Research design is conducted
in survey and correlational model.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Osman Ferda Beytekin, Ege University, Turkey.

E-mail address:beytekin.ferda@gmail.com
Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Teacher’s Working for

Integrating Research, Evaluation Measurement and Quality
Assurance Model
Ujsara Prasertsin, Educational and Psychological Test Bureau, Srinakharinwirot University, Thailand
Abstract
This research is a descriptive research to analyze components comprising the research, evaluation
measurement, quality assurance and integrating research, evaluation measurement and quality assurance for
teacher’s working so the tool can be used in developing strategies to improve organizational in schools. The
sample is comprised of 620 teachers from 3 educational departments: Department of Education Bangkok
Metropolitan Administration, Office of The Basic Education Commission, and Office of the Private Education
Commission. Data collection was conducted measure of 20 questions up of 4 indicators. The analysis is
performed by analyzing surveyed components on rotational axes using SPSS for Windows and confirmative
analyses using LISREL 8.8 (Student). Confirmative analysis of components using LISREL found that the model
conforms with empirical data as performing a Chi-square test resulted in a value of 147.27, df=121 equivalent
to a probability of 0.0524, additionally, Goodness of fit index: GFI=0.977 and Adjusted goodness of fit index:
AGFI=0.960, Model AIC=325.269, Saturated AIC=420.000, Model CAIC=808.514, Saturated CAIC=1560.241. It
means that the indicators is suitable for use as tools in determining teacher’s working for integrating research,
evaluation measurement and quality assurance. Known strength and weakness of organization is beneficial to
develop happy people in the school.
Keywords: Teacher’s Working, Integrating Research, Evaluation Measurement, Quality Assurance
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ujsara Prasertsin, Educational and Psychological Test Bureau,

Srinakharinwirot University, Thailand
E-mail address:ubib_p@hotmail.com
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Technology Teacher Training in a Remote Region of Armenia
Sona Hayk Budaghyan, UWC Dilijan, Youth Center, Armenia.
Abstract
Nowadays, education, like other spheres of life, is undergoing great changes because of the globalization issues
of the 21st century. The bases of the globalization are mostly technologies which make part and parcel of our
daily life. As a result 21st century students gain learning features by which they greatly differ from the previous
century students. Teacher's task becomes creating a modern educational environment which would
correspond to students' needs and learning features. This can be done by integrating various technologies into
the existing educational systems. The efficiency of using technologies during the lessons in particular in foreign
language teaching may be high enough. However, the actual process of applying them in teaching and learning
may be accompanied by different obstacles. The aim of the presentation is to describe a teacher training
project that was carried out in a remote region of the Republic of Armenia (the Ijevan Branch of Yerevan State
University). The purpose of the project was to inform and inspire foreign language professionals of the
university to use technologies pedagogically effectively. The following phases of the project will presented to
the audience -needs analysis, goals and objectives, the learning and assessment plan of this teacher training
project. It will address some of the barriers (like lack of appropriate resources, lack of access to the existing
resources, lack of teachers' knowledge and skills, teacher's attitude towards using technologies in their
classrooms, etc.) that existed in the target educational institution. The main technologies that were presented
to the trainees were Blogs, MOOCs, www.vocaroo.com, Google (Drive, Calendar, News, and Scholar). A list of
recommendations for future trainings will be discussed at the end of the presentation. The actual teacher
training materials may be provided for the audience.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sona Hayk Budaghyan, UWC Dilijan, Youth Center, Armenia.
E-mail address:budaghyansona@gmail.com
Modelling design problems by Su-Field method – toward a

problem solving approach in architectural design studio
Sajjad Nazidizajia,ICIST, DECivil, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1,
Ana Toméa, ICIST, DECivil, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, Lisboa
1049-001, Portugal
Francisco Regateirob, CESUR, DECivil, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais
1, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
Abstract
Design studio is the main central issue in architecture education. The modifications in architectural design
studio are not accompanying with today‫׳‬s fast-changing world. The TRIZ, developed by Altshuller is an
organized method for problem solving. Su-Field analysis is one of the analytical tools of TRIZ. The aim of this
study is to examine of this method for modelling design problems for architecture students in design studio.
Three design problems was chosen and modeled with design studio students.
The results showed that accompanying systematic method with critique and collaborative methods increased
the motivation of students for task in design studio.
Keywords: Design studio; Design problem; Su-field analysis; TRIZ
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Sajjad Nazidizajia, ICIST, DECivil, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade
de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
E-mail address:sajjad.nazidizaji@tecnico.ulisboa.pt
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Personal Self-Efficacy Beliefs of the Education Faculty Staff
in Turkey
Hilal BÜYÜKGÖZE, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Education, Department of Educational Sciences, Turkey.
Abstract
In this paper, it was aimed to investigate the personal self-efficacy beliefs of the academic staff working in the
education faculties in Turkey. In a similar vein, the relative impact of gender, university, length of total service,
marital status, academic title (asisstant professor doctor, associate professor doctor, and professor doctor),
and having completed the master degree or doctoral education abroad universities was also examined. To this
purpose, state universities’ education faculty staff throughout Turkey were asked for their opinions. A total of
293 faculty staff from over 70 universities were participated in the study. The ‘Personal Self-Efficacy Beliefs
Scale’ , developed by Riggs, Warka, Babasa, Betacourt, and Hooker (1994), were administered online during
2013-2014 academic year in spring semester. Participants responded on a 5-point Likert scale made up of 10
items, ranging from ‘totally disagree (1)’ to ‘totally agree (5)’. Sample items are ‘I have confidence in my ability
to do my job’ and ‘Most people in my line of work can do this job better than I can’. The reliability coefficient of
the scale was found to be from .76 to .88 in various studies. In the current study, to analyze the internal
reliability consistency, Cronbach α score will be calculated. For determining validity values, a confirmatory
factor analysis will be conducted to verify the factor structure of the scale. The relationship between the
background information and the personal self-efficacy beliefs of the participants will be analyzed by t-test and
ANOVA. As an overall conclusion, it is hoped that the study will contribute to the literature in figuring out the
personal efficacy beliefs of the academic staff educating prospective teachers.
Keywords: Faculty of education, personal efficacy belief, academic staff, Turkey
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Hilal BÜYÜKGÖZE, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Education,

Department of Educational Sciences, Turkey.
E-mail address:buyukgoze@hacettepe.edu.tr
Prospective Teachers’ Wıshes To Do Teaching Profession

Tuğba TURABİK, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Turkey.
Feyza GÜN, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Turkey.
Seval KOÇAK, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Turkey.
Abstract
One of the most important provisions to provide a quality education is the presence of the teachers who do
their professions willingly and wholeheartedly. This is because the teachers take an active part in the input and
process dimensions of education system which is an open system. The inclusion of teachers in this feature in
the system can be possible on condition that students enroll in an education faculty when they choose this
profession with the altruistic and internal reasons. If it is wanted to raise qualified individuals at the end of the
training process, teachers who will shape students in the process dimension of education system should do
their professions fondly, willingly and also be aware of rearing individuals who will shape the future.
Considering assumed responsibility, social expectations and abilities to be acquired teaching as a profession
can not be done by anyone is easily understood (Şimşek, 2003). Therefore, internal readiness for doing this job
of prospective teachers preferred this profession is very important. This study aims to investigate the
prospective teachers really want to make the teaching profession or not and the possible reasons for this. For
that purpose, with reference to the views of Hacettepe University, Faculty of Education, Department of
Elementary Education final year undergraduate student, collected data with a questionnaire was evaluated by
using qualitative research design.
Keywords: Prospective teachers, teaching profession, selecting profession
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Tuğba TURABİK, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Turkey.

E-mail address:tugbaturabik@gmail.com
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Exploring Parental Perceptions and Preferences About Play: A Case
Study In Erzurum
Zeynep Tekin Babuç, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
İlker Urlu, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
Abstract
Play has a vital role in physical, emotional and social development of all children. The central importance of
play in children's development is well supported by decades of research. Types and characteristics of play and
play materials can change with time and from culture to culture, but play is always a universal part of children's
and parents' lives. Play is especially important for preschool children in terms of exploring and understanding
their environment, expressing various kinds of emotions, acquiring skills such as problem solving and learning
how to collaborate and cooperate with others. Parents are the first socializing adults and it is one of the
common basis of child development and education that parents have a crucial role and responsibility on
providing adequate play environment and material for children. Also their participation to play have significant
benefits on child-parent relationship and various developmental aspects. However, there has been little
research that explores how parents feel and think about play, what kind of problems they encounter while
participating in children's play and how parents organise children's environments of daily life at home,
especially for preschool children's play and learning. In the study, it is aimed to determine the place of play in
preschool children's parents' lives and their perceptions regarding play. The study will be conducted on a
sample of preschool children's parents living in Erzurum, a province of Turkey, by depending on qualitative
analysis techniques.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Zeynep Tekin Babuç, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey

E-mail address:zeyneptekinbabuc@gmail.com
A Study on Reflective Thinking Skills towards Problem Solving and

Attitudes towards Mathematics
Melek DEMİREL,
İpek DERMAN,
Edibe KARAGEDİK,
Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the 7th and 8th grade students’ reflective thinking
skills related to problem solving and their attitudes towards mathematics. In addition, during the research,
whether there is a significant difference between the male and female students’ reflective thinking skills
related to problem solving and their attitudes towards mathematics has been analyzed. The study has been
conducted with 300 students studying in the 7th and 8th grades at two private schools in Çankaya, Ankara. In
the study “Reflective Thinking Skills Related to Problem Solving Scale” (Kızılkaya ve Aşkarto, 2009) and
“Attitude Scale Related to Mathematics” (Önal, 2013) have been used. In order to determine the levels of
students in terms of reflective thinking skills related to problem solving and their attitudes towards
mathematics, the arithmetic mean and standard deviation values of the scores obtained via the scales have
been calculated and to find out if there is a significant difference between these scores regarding gender,
MANOVA has been used. Whether there is a significant difference between the scores of male and female
students has been tested by using the scores the students got in total and in the sub-dimensions of the scales.
It is found that there does not exist a significant difference between the students’ reflective thinking skills
related to problem solving and their gender. However, there is a significant difference in favor of the male
students in terms of their attitudes towards mathematics. There is an average significant difference between
the students’ reflective thinking skills related to problem solving and their attitudes towards mathematics in
the positive sense.
Keywords:
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* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Melek Demirel
E-mail address:melekdemirel@gmail.com
The Opinions of Social Science Teachers about Universal

Values and Values Education
Özge Can Aran, Hacetepe University, Turkey.
Abstract
This study aims to investigate universal values emphasized by social science teachers and the opinions of them
about values education. In this descriptive study, purposeful sampling, using the maximum variation sampling
method to select the study sample was employed. Representing all regions of Turkey is based on providing
maximum diversity. Thus, research was conducted by 30 social science teachers involving a project from seven
regions of Turkey. Quantitative data was collected with questionnaire whereas qualitative data was collected
by the help of scenarios. The opinions of teachers about values education were collected with questionnaire.
Also, universal values emphasized by social science teachers were determined by the help of scenarios. The
results of the study with regard to scenarios revealed that most of the teachers emphasized citizenship.
According to the results related with questionnaire, most of the teachers indicated that for the applications of
values education in social science course they focus on activities related with responsibility and citizenship
values and also it was found that most of them used inculcation, collaborative learning technique during values
education. In addition to this, most of the teachers pointed out that for the applications of values education
assessment they use observation technique. The results of the study are considered to shed light on the
county-wide studies about values education.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Özge Can Aran, Hacetepe University, Turkey.

E-mail address:ozgecann06@gmail.com
Factors Influencing Students’ Career Chooses in Science and

Technology: Implications for High School Science Curricula
Hunkar Korkmaz, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Education, Division of Curriculum & Instruction 06758
Ankara, Turkey
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to explore / investigate the factors influencing Turkish high school students’
career choices in science and technology. 1192 high school students (629 female, 558 male, 5 did not indicate
their gender, age range 14-17) were administrated Career Choice Instrument (CCI) in ROSE survey together
with demographic measure. Series of MANOVAs demonstrated that high school students’ career choices and
preferences were influenced by gender, school type, mother and father education level and family income.
Univariate ANOVA on the six sub-scales of CCI revealed significant and insignificant effects of these selected
factors. The results of this study were discussed the implications for high school science curricula
Keywords: career choose, high school students, science and technology education, science curricula
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Hunkar Korkmaz, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Education, Division of

Curriculum & Instruction 06758 Ankara, Turkey
E-mail address:hunkar@hacettepe.edu.tr
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PRESERVICE PHYSICS TEACHER’S BELIEFS REGARDING THEIR
TEACHER EFFICACY AND CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT
Deniz Gurcay
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the teacher self-efficacy and classroom management beliefs of
preservice physics teachers and to determine the relation between those beliefs. Besides, it is also aimed to
examine the effects of gender on those beliefs. This study was carried out with 115 preservice physics teachers.
As instruments of this study, Teacher Sense of Efficacy Scale, Attitudes and Beliefs on Classroom Control-
Revised Inventory were used. The results of this study indicated those preservice physics teachers’ teacher self-
efficacy beliefs on student engagement, instructional strategies, and classroom management is high. Moreover,
it was also determined that preservice physics teachers’ attitudes and beliefs regarding classroom management
are interventionist on the instructional management- and non-interventionist on the people management
subscale. When the relation between classroom management beliefs and self-efficacy beliefs of preservice
physics teachers were examined, a significant negative correlation was observed between all subscales of
teacher self-efficacy belief and people management subscale scores. Moreover, a positive significant
correlation has been found between the subscale of classroom management scores of teacher self-efficacy
beliefs scale and instructional management subscale scores. Besides, the effect of preservice physics teachers’
gender on those beliefs was discussed in this research.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Deniz Gurcay

E-mail address:denizg@hacettepe.edu.tr
Factors influencing the quality of teaching and the foreign

language knowledge
Sarka Hubackova,University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
Abstract
At present the quality of foreign language teaching is supposed to be influenced not only by teacher´s language
and method knowledge, but also by grasping modern trends helping to proper practical changes. The factors
influencing success or failure may be various with each student. The influence might be exerted by different
conditions, as different sequence or single events in student´s life, family events, school events within the gang
of schoolmates, and of course his actual state of preparation
Keywords: Foreign language teaching; language knowledge; factors influencing quality of teaching
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sarka Hubackova, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003
Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. E-mail address:sarka.hubackova@uhk.cz
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Upper Limb Re-education Using Adapted Rhythmic
Gymnastics Means
Hodorca Raluca Mihaela, Associate Prof. Phd., ”Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iaşi , 3 Toma Cozma Street,
Iasi, 700554, Romania
Moraru Cristina Elena,PhD. Student, National University Of Physical Education and Sport, 140, Constantin
Noica Street, Bucharest, 060057, Romania
Albu Adriana, Associate Prof. Phd., University of Medicine and Pharmacy ” Gr. T. Popa” of Iaşi,16, University
Street, 700115, Romania
Abstract
Problem Statement. Exercises using portable objects have a great influence on developing the body and
training a large number of motor skills by combining in the most diverse manner the groups of motion and the
specific technical elements. Purpose of Study. We assume that the use of kinesiotherapy means and of adapted
rhythmic gymnastics means, (rope, ribbon, ball and hoop) can positively influence a patient’s mobility and
quality of life. Methods. In this study, conducted in the period January-June 2014, we used a sample of four
patients with various upper limb conditions: B.V. (stage 2 carpal scaphoid pseudarthrosis), S.M. (complex
fracture, lower extremity of right radius), DF (scapulohumeral periarthritis – blocked shoulder) and ID
(supraspinatus tendinitis). Evaluation of patients was performed by applying joint and muscular testing.
Findings and Results. The patient B.V. obtained – after joint testing – an increase by 5 to 10⁰ on the level of
wrist joint; patient S.M. – an increase by up to 10⁰ compared to initial values; patient SF – an increase by 25⁰ in
flexion, by 10⁰ in extension, by 35⁰ in abduction, by 20⁰ in internal rotation, by 10⁰ in external rotation and by
only for 5⁰ in horizontal adduction; patient ID improved flexion by 20⁰, extension and abduction by 10⁰,
internal and external rotation by 15⁰ and horizontal adduction by 5⁰. The values obtained in muscular testing
for all four patients showed values between F2 and F4 in wrists and shoulder joint movements. Conclusions and
Recommendations. Considering our findings, we emphasize that kinesiotherapy means combined with adapted
rhythmic gymnastics means have proven their efficacy, which confirmed the research hypothesis.
Keywords: upper limb; injuries; rhythmic gymnastics; kinesiotherapy
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Hodorca Raluca Mihaela, Associate Prof. Phd., ”Alexandru Ioan Cuza”
University of Iaşi , 3 Toma Cozma Street, Iasi, 700554, Romania. E-mail address:raluca.hodorca@yahoo.com
Views Of Biology Teacher Candidates About Context Based

Approach
Cem Gerçek, Hacettepe University, Deparment of Secondary School Science and Math, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
Özgür Özcan,Hacettepe University, Deparment of Secondary School Science and Math, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
Abstract
Biology is one of the courses that explain natural events. However, in literature there are some studies claiming
that the association level of students between daily life events and biology subjects is very low. Contest-based
approach is described as the starting point for the development of scientific ideas in science teaching. In this
approach real-life contexts are used to introduce concepts. The purpose of this study is to determine biology
teacher candidates’ view about context based approach. In this study the qualitative research method was
used and the participants of this study consist of 14 volunteer senior teacher candidates from the division of
biology education in Hacettepe University. A questionnaire was used as a data collection tool. The collected
data was analyzed by using the content analysis method. In the light of the results, it is determined that the
biology teacher candidates has some lack of knowledge about context based approach and it should be
improved by using the context based approach activity in courses at university level so that the teachers
candidates should be aware of with guides about context based approach.
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Keywords:Context based approach, real-life context, biology teacher candidate, biology teaching,
constructivism.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Cem Gerçek, Hacettepe University, Deparment of Secondary School

Science and Math, Ankara, 06800, Turkey E-mail address:cgercek@hacettepe.edu.tr
The effectiveness of computers on vocabulary learning

among preschool children: a semiotic approach
Tutku BAŞÖZ, Balıkesir University, Necatibey Education Faculty, ELT Department, 10100 Balıkesir, Turkey
Dilek TÜFEKÇİ CAN, Balıkesir University, Necatibey Education Faculty, ELT Department, 10100 Balıkesir, Turkey
Abstract
Semiotics in foreign language learning has recently achieved some prominence as a theoretical foundation for
language teaching and learning. Although there have been a number of research on the semiotics in foreign
language learning, the practical use of semiotics in preschool classroom environment still remains unanswered.
What is more, the effectiveness of computers on vocabulary learning among preschool children is still an
obscure area, which attracts the attentions of researchers, scholars and practitioners. Thus, the present study
aims to investigate whether there is a significant difference in preschool children’s vocabulary gain depending
upon the computer assisted vocabulary instruction or the traditional vocabulary instruction both adopting a
semiotic approach. The sample group of the study included 35 preschool children (5-years) who are studying at
Balıkesir University Necatibey Faculty of Education Kindergarten. In this quasi-experimental study, the children
were assigned to computer assisted vocabulary instruction group (16) or traditional vocabulary instruction
group (19), which were the experimental and control groups. Before the experiment, the children were given a
pre-test, which measured the number of target vocabulary the children had already known. While the
experimental group learned the target vocabulary through computerassisted instruction, the control group was
taught the same target vocabulary via traditional vocabulary instruction. After the experiment, the same test
was given to the children as the post-test. The results of the study showed that both instruction types were
successful in teaching vocabulary and there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of their
vocabulary gain.
Keywords:Vocabulary learning; semiotic approach; computer assisted vocabulary instruction; preschool

children; foreign language learning
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Tutku BAŞÖZ, Balıkesir University, Necatibey Education Faculty, ELT
Department, 10100 Balıkesir, Turkey. E-mail address:tutkubasoz@hotmail.com
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The Importance of Cross- Cultural Knowledge
Bogdan Momir, Universitatea de Stiinte Agricole si Medicina Veterinara a Banatului “Regele Mihai I al
Romaniei” Timisoara, Romania.
Ioan Petroman, Universitatea de Stiinte Agricole si Medicina Veterinara a Banatului “Regele Mihai I al
Romaniei” Timisoara, Romania.
Elena Claudia Constantin, Department of Communication and Foreign Languages, Faculty of Communication
Sciences, University Politehnica Timisoara, Romania.
Diana Marin, Universitatea de Stiinte Agricole si Medicina Veterinara a Banatului “Regele Mihai I al Romaniei”
Timisoara, Romania.
Amelia Mirea, Universitatea de Stiinte Agricole si Medicina Veterinara a Banatului “Regele Mihai I al Romaniei”
Timisoara, Romania.
Abstract
The article presents the results of three surveys, conducted during a PhD research, in order to identify the main
sources of information used by the inhabitants of the Timis County –Romania.
The findings show that mass-media is the main source of information used both by the rural and urban
inhabitants. However, the time allotted per week to read the written press, listen to the radio or watch
informative programs on TV do not indicate that the subjects could get comprehensive information as far as
local, national or international news are concerned.
We live in a world in which less emphasis is put on civilization and culture, and paradoxically their role in the
contemporary society is of outmost importance. Being aware of the cultural differences can provide better
employment opportunities and a chance to see one’s culture in perspective, considering that even nowadays
many international strategic alliances still face serious problems to efficiently transfer management knowledge
across borders.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Bogdan Momir, Universitatea de Stiinte Agricole si Medicina Veterinara a

Banatului “Regele Mihai I al Romaniei” Timisoara, Romania. E-mail address:momir.bogdan@yahoo.com
Towards a computerized system of pedagogical orientation

to succeed in Morocco University
GUERSS Fatima zahra, University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, Faculty of Science and Technology,
Morocco
AITDAOUD Mohammed, University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'Sik,
Morocco
DOUZI Khadija, University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, Faculty of Science and Technology, Morocco
TALBI Mohammed, University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'Sik, Morocco
NAMIR Abdelouahed, University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'Sik, Morocco
Abstract
The implementation of educational reform in Morocco is founding of the LMD system in 2003 and the
operationalization of the contingency plan (2009-13 / Project 21: Establishment of an information and
orientation system efficient) had as objectives the centration on the student (through pedagogical approaches,
reception, information, orientation, the rate of student satisfaction, etc.),it is coming to resolve the most
persistent problems of which high rate of redoubling and dropping out. However, since then, every year tens of
thousands of young people are left on the side of the road after a few months or a few years at the university.
This high dropout at the university which requires to clarify the behavior, strategies of this young people, and
to spot which are the obstacles that can lead to failure and/or dropping out. So that we can deduct a specially
adapted system for orientation and learning.
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The introduction of LMD reform in Morocco use the particularly orientation at this moment, which is still
lacking and is the subject of a deep debate of, scientific, professional and political. This debate concerns at
once the object of this necessary orientation methodology and its aims.
Indeed, in this new context, the orientation toward the university courses depends on: academic achievement,
social original and family expectation. Usually, the young are not informed about the games of hierarchies
between institutions, sectors and options, as well as the orientation process - missing- that produce differences
between pupils, the development for both parents and students, could lead to better orientation.
Our research attempts to answer on this major problem of orientation: we propose anontology of the concept
of orientation, which adapted to higher learning environment for students; and will offer computers tools to
allow students to integrate a scientific journey, that responds well to their learning needs and the helps them
succeed their university studies.
Keywords:E-orientation, ontology, orientation, school failure, abandonment.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:GUERSS Fatima zahra, University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca,

Faculty of Science and Technology, Morocco. E-mail address:guerssfatimazahra@gmail.com
A comparative application of the in-class activity known as

“If I were you”
Esma Dumanlı Kadızade, Assistant Professor, Mersin University, Yenisehir Campus, Faculty of Education,
Turkish Education Department, Mersin, 33169, TURKEY
Abstract
The purpose of language education is ensuring that an individual becomes fully proficient in a given language.
To this end, the individual must equally develop all basic skills relating to that language. In the teaching of both
foreign and native languages, the skills that are the most difficult to develop and master are those specific to
writing. The ability of individuals to express their emotions and thoughts in writing (namely, their writing skills)
should be developed not through traditional methods, but instead through a modern teaching technique
involving educational games and activities. This study seeks to demonstrate how writing skills can be activated
and developed during the teaching of Turkish both as a native and foreign language by using a writing activity
called “If I Were You”. In addition, by evaluating data related to the implementation of this activity in two
different study groups, we also aimed to identify the individual and cultural differences between these two
groups. The study method was based on a screening model. Data was analysed using the descriptive analysis
technique, which is typically employed for describing an existing case or situation.
Keywords:Language learning and teaching; writing; foreign language; native language; learning; cultural and
individual characteristics; the teaching of Turkish as a foreign language
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Esma Dumanlı Kadızade, Assistant Professor, Mersin University, Yenisehir
Campus, Faculty of Education, Turkish Education Department, Mersin, 33169, TURKEY.
E-mail address:esma-dumanli@hotmail.com
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Means of Psychomotor and Cognitive Recovery for Children
with Autism Spectrum Disorder
BARNA IULIANA,
ICHIM PAUL,
DRAGU MIRCEA,
Abstract
According to some international assessments, the rate of autism spectrum disorder cases is 1 to 150 children.
There are approximately 67 million autistic people in the worlds, and 4 out of 5 children are boys.
The alarmingly increasing rate, as well as the impossibility to prevent this disorder, as its causes are not
completely clear, the diversity of its symptoms, the precarious social integration and the big number of
ineffectual therapies are the key elements that have determined us to pursue this research. The aim of this
study is that of demonstrating that the multisystemic therapy (MST) in water and the cognitive therapy play an
important role in the multidisciplinary process of recovering and integrating the autistic children in society.
Keywords:autism, deviant behavior, alternative therapy
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:BARNA IULIANA,

E-mail address:iuliabarna@yahoo.com
On the evaluation of the critical factors in computer skills

training strategies for small and medium size enterprises
classroom trainees
Dimitrios Alexios Karras, Sterea Hellas Institute of Technology, Dept. Automation, Psachna, Evia, 34400,
Greece
Abstract
This article explores how classroom configuration and instructional technologies (IT) can be used to leverage
good practices in training computer skills and improve core competencies of trainees coming from small and
medium size enterprises (SME). An overview of Principles for Good Practices in students Education as well as
the computer technologies core competencies principles is presented aiming at providing a framework to
rethink instructional practices in computer skills training and to evaluate the benefits of classroom
configuration and IT within SME training programs and pedagogy. Benefits of the enhanced classroom design
and IT were assessed through an instructors and trainees survey conducted during the course of
implementation of a training program for SMEs, delivered by a confederation of SMEs in Greece under
European funding framework 6. This study aims at revealing all critical factors regarding training strategies,
instructional technologies and classroom configurations for successful implementations of such training
programs applied to SMEs human resources.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Dimitrios Alexios Karras, Sterea Hellas Institute of Technology, Dept.
Automation, Psachna, Evia, 34400, Greece. E-mail address: dimitrios.karras@gmail.com
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Examining of Change in Belief of Pre-service Elementary
Teachers within the Context of Mathematics Education
Course
Ayten Pınar Bal, Department of Elementary Education, Faculty of Education, Çukurova University,
Adana/Türkiye
Abstract
This study was done to determine the changes in belief of pre-service elementary teachers towards
mathematics in mathematics education course and to address the effect of this change on gender and
academic success variables. The study was designed according to the panel study model of longitudinal
research method. 92 pre-services who are educating in primary school teaching department of a state
university in 2013-2014 academic years formed the sample of research. As data collection tool “Mathematics
Belief Scale” that was developed by Steiner (2007) and its reliability, validity and language equivalency in
Turkish form that was done by Masal and Takunyacı (2012), was used. In analyzing of data paired sample t-test
and for repeated measures two way ANOVA techniques were used. At the end of research, positive change was
observed in beliefs of pre-service teachers towards mathematics within the process; also it was found that
gender and academic success variables have no effect on beliefs of pre-services towards mathematics.
Keywords:Pre-service elementary school, belief , mathematics belief scale, mathematics education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ayten Pınar Bal, Department of Elementary Education, Faculty of

Education, Çukurova University, Adana/Türkiye E-mail address:apinar@cu.edu.tr
Biomimicry in Furniture Design
Filiz TAVŞAN*,Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty Of Architecture, Department Of Architecture, Trabzon,

Turkey.
Elif SÖNMEZ, Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty Of Architecture, Department Of Architecture, Trabzon,
Turkey.
Abstract
Nature, is a big factory, where the faults are kept at a minimum, choosing the most suitable material of all for
the purpose, recycling them, and even changing every ingredient as conditions impose. Biomimicry examined
models in nature, then imitating these designs or taking inspiration from them which aims to provide solutions
to people's problems is one of the new branches of science. From past to present many disciplines have
produced designs and solutions inspired by the nature. Interior architecture is also one of the this disciplines.
Interior design, interior, structure, comfort, and materials in furniture design, as well as the influence of these
designs are carried out.
Furniture has always been a symbolic aspect of the life style and cultural richness of mankind. Form, structure
or materials in the nature as used for furniture design both for aesthetic and practical purposes.
In the study, designs were made with inspiration from macro and micro sized living beings in the nature. Within
the concept of Biomimicry, furniture designs were made, which were inspired by both forms and structures in
the nature and applied exactly.
Keywords:Furniture design, Biomimicry, nature.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Filiz TAVŞAN, Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty Of Architecture,

Department Of Architecture, Trabzon, Turkey. E-mail address:ftavsan@hotmail.com
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E-learning Tool for Improving Managerial Strategic Thinking
Skills
Jozef Simuth, School of Management/City University of Seattle, Panonska cesta 17, 85104 Bratislava, Slovakia
Abstract
Research proves that Small and medium enterprises (SME) manager/owners do not manage their companies
strategically which negatively impacts their long-term competitiveness. This fact should get even more
attention realizing that small and medium sized firms (SMEs) are the backbone of the EU economy,
representing over 90 % of all registered companies, creating more than 65 % of jobs in the private sector and
over 54 % of the overall value added (see Eurostat). Therefore, it is important to find the ways in which the
SME owners/managers could be trained in the skills necessary for strategic decision making. This contribution
describes a solution to this issue through creating a multilingual e-learning format accessible for SMEs
managers and owners. We describe the process of creation of the e-learning portal as well as the e-learning
methodology and course content. The creation of the portal was supported by the LEONARDO DA VINCI
TRANSFER OF INNOVATION PROJECT Under the Lifelong Learning Programme with the project title: Education
in Strategic Management for SMEs managers/owners is attempting to find a solution to this issue through
creating an e-learning format.
Keywords:e-learning; management; strategic thinking
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Jozef Simuth, School of Management/City University of Seattle, Panonska

cesta 17, 85104 Bratislava, Slovakia E-mail address:jsimuth@vsm.sk
Design Studios in the Context of Concept, Interpretation and

Product: The Case of Department of Architecture, KTU
Ayça Araz Ustaömeroğlu, Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Architecture, Department of Architecture,
Trabzon, 61080, Turkey.
Abstract
Design studies are the environments where individuals, who receive design education, demonstrate their
creativity in the most condensed way. As education is divided into two categories: theoretical bases and
practical application in architecture schools, it can be claimed that in studio environments, candidate architects
are able to question, shape, discuss, tell and transfer their theoretical knowledge during education processes.
In this paper, studio education is discussed in the case of the Second Academic Year Design Studio, at the
Department of Architecture, Karadeniz Technical University which is located in the north-east of Turkey, in a
coastal city called Trabzon.
The aim of the study is both to introduce Second Semester Design Studio and investigate gains of students
from the studio process in the context of subject. The study also pays attention to the fact that how students
transfer their knowledge to the next years.
Keywords:design process, project studios, design education, second semester , the technique of semantic
differentiation
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ayça Araz Ustaömeroğlu, Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of

Architecture, Department of Architecture, Trabzon, 61080, Turkey. E-mail address:aycaarus@gmail.com
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RHYTHMS IN RELATION TO EDUCATIONAL SUCCESS IN
SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Ivan Sarmany-Schuller, Institute of Experimental Psychology SAS Dubravska 9 SK-841 01 Bratislava Slovakia
Abstract
Previous researches showed the need to synchronize personality characteristics and biological rhythms, in
further relation to, e.g., academic performance in the secondary school environment. Sleepiness during the
first period is experienced always by 39.2% of students, but only sometimes by another 46.2%, which means
that in reality only cca 15% of students do not feel sleepy at all during first period. Morning type and evening
type (biological determination) and personality characteristics PNS (Personal need for structure) were
evaluated in relation to academic performance (school results). Results confirmed the expected significantly
better school results in morning type students, remarkably many significant links are between PNS and sleeping
habits, mainly in subfactor desire for structure, as well as total personal need for structure is closely related to
sleep regime, participants with a strong need and desire for structure go significantly sooner to sleep at night.
Individuals with high personal need for structure go to sleep sooner and sleep longer. PNS is significantly
related to the regularity of sleeping habits. As we have repeatedly not found significant gender differences,
personal need for structure can be perceived as overall characteristics, generally closely related to cognitive
evaluation and problem solving and also for many educational activities.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ivan Sarmany-Schuller, Institute of Experimental Psychology SAS
Dubravska 9 SK-841 01 Bratislava Slovakia E-mail address:expssarm@savba.sk
Raising Students' Intercultural Competence through the

Process of Language Learning
Teodora Popescu, "1 Decembrie 1918" University of Alba Iulia, Romania.
Abstract
Problem Statement
Undergraduate students, and teacher trainees in particular, receive during their studies, little, if any, training in
intercultural education, apart from the exchange programmes that they may take part in, especially Erasmus+
study or placement programmes. Considering the globalisation process and the mobility and volatility of the
labour market on the one hand, and the need of future teachers to adapt to the new generations’ demands
and expectatins, students need to get at least the basics of intercultural education, alongside their linguistic
education. Their future insertion in the working life will definitely call for a thorough understanding of different
cultures which they might get in contact with. Moreover, awareness of diversity, and openness towards ethnic
tolerance, antiracism, social and professional inclusiveness are all prerequisites for a successful international
career. The university education should therefore include all these elements across the curriculum, so that
universities can achieve through all possible pedagogical instruments an education “for all”.
Purpose of Study: The aim of this study is to identify the concrete means through which intercultural education
elements may be included in the academic curriculum, across all subjects. The area in which I chose to apply an
experiment was English Teacher Education, for pre-service (BA) and in-service students (MA), as well as for
postgraduate students of Economics. The sample of students consisted of 28 BA students of English Philology,
21 MA students of English, French and Romanian Philology and 17 MA students in Business Administration in
Tourism and Services. I introduced elements of contrastive lexical analysis, with special emphasis on stylistic
devices, from which we derived cultural and social similarities and differences between the two languages and
cultures (Romanian and British English).
Methods: The most important research method employed was the pedagogical experiment that I implemented
throughout a semester. I then compared the results between the three groups of undergraduate and
postgraduate students. The students were given, at the beginning of the semester, a test focusing on the
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business lexis, as well as a questionnaire that was designed to check intercultural knowledge and attitudes. The
teacher trainees were assigned an extra questionnaire aimed at identifying pedagogical knowledge. After the
intervention, which consisted of explicit training (both linguistic and intercultural), the students were assigned
a new test and questionnaire, following the same structure and testing the same knowledge and skills.
Findings and Results
The final data revealed that students from all three groups had limited knowledge of cultural differences or
ways of teaching culture at the beginning of the experiment. However, I identified students’ willingness to
learn more facts about different cultures, although there might exist some inter-ethnic resistance. By the end
of the semester, students and teacher trainees managed to understand several intercultural aspects pertaining
to both cultures. Another positive aspect was the fact that their linguistic knowledge also improved
significantly. Teacher trainees expressed their eagerness to start teaching English from an intercultural stand.
Conclusions and Recommendations
In conclusion, the experiment revealed that students would be willing to have intercultural education
elements, in their academic courses, across the curriculum, especially in the case of the English language
courses. English teacher trainees in particular proved openness towards teaching cultural aspects to learners.
My recommendation would be that all teachers, of different subjects need to find appropriate pedagogic
means of introducing intercultural education aspects in their classes, so as to equip students with the right
instruments needed to perform successfully in the current globalising world and to meet the challenges of the
new professional landscape. This should be done starting from an early age, and that is why teachers of English
in primary and secondary schools should educate their learners towards an intercultural, global citizenship.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Teodora Popescu, "1 Decembrie 1918" University of Alba Iulia, Romania..
E-mail address: teo_popescu@hotmail.com
Leadership Development University Students In The

Activities Of Student Government
Alimbekova Anar Aymoldanovna, Doctoral (6D010300, Pedagogy and Psychology) Eurasian National
Universitynamed after L.N. Gumilev, Kazakhstan
Bakyt Adamovna Zhetpisbaeva, Kazakh State Women’s Teacher Training University. Kazakhstan
Kyyakbaeva Ulbosyn Kozybaevna, Ph.D., Senior Teacher of the Kazakh National Pedagogical University named
after Abai. Kazakhstan
Suranshieva Miras Kadirovna,Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abai. Kazakhstan
Abstract
This paper considers the problem of leadership development of students in the activities of the student
government at the stage of high school training. Updated questions of preparation of competitive professional
with high leadership potential, as a priority upgrade the educational and training process of the university.
Student government as an active form of organization of life of students by the authors is presented as an
opportunity to develop leadership skills, as well as the factor of personal and professional formation of the
future specialist. The effectiveness of leadership development of students depends on the integrity, complex
psychological and pedagogical conditions as integral aggregate consisting of specially organized activities of the
student government, providing students stay in a leadership role, the development priorities of leadership
qualities. The paper presents a model of leadership development of students in the activities of the student
government.
Keywords:leader, leadership, leadership, student government, model, modeling, psychological and pedagogical
conditions
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Alimbekova Anar Aymoldanovna, Doctoral (6D010300, Pedagogy and

Psychology) Eurasian National Universitynamed after L.N. Gumilev, Kazakhstan.
E-mail address: alimbekova_66@mail.ru
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Structural And Substantive Characteristics Of The Concept
"Social Success
Absatova Marfuga, Abay Adını Kazak Milli Pedagoji Üniversitesi Pedagojik Bilimler, Kazakhstan
Ussenova Аkkenzhe, Pedagojik Bilimler Doktor, Profesör (RSE PEA üzerine Kazak Milli Pedagoji Üniversitesi
İsmini, Kazakhstan
KariуevAdlet,Master of Pedagogical Sciences, teacher of pedagogical specialties in Almaty Universit,
Kazakhstan
Tashseva Assel, Master of Pedagogical Sciences, teacher of pedagogical specialties in Almaty Universit,
Kazakhstan
Karakulova Marzhan, Master of Pedagogical Sciences, teacher of pedagogical specialties in Almaty Universit,
Kazakhstan
Abstract
The article discusses the structural and substantial characteristic of "social success". Based on the analysis of
psychological and pedagogical literature and empirical research has been defined the essence of the concepts
of "success", "social success", as well as the structure of social success of students. The structure of the social
success of students, we have identified the following characteristics: the perfection of professional knowledge;
commitment, ability to set goals; formedness of human values: kindness, humanity, justice, compassion,
respect for others, tolerance; confidence, determination, faith in their own strength; ability to act in a situation
of uncertainty, the experience of business communication; build interpersonal relationships; ability to mobilize;
ability to defend the interests of the social environment; readiness to solve special problems; analysis of space
capabilities; formed the ability to self-appraisal and reflective activity, high level of social responsibility; the
desire for self-improvement.
Keywords:Successful, Success, Social Success, Social Success Of Students.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Absatova Marfuga, Abay Adını Kazak Milli Pedagoji Üniversitesi Pedagojik
Bilimler, Kazakhstan E-mail address:akkenzhe_08@mail.ru
Elementary School Preservice Teachers’ Competencies In

The Field Of Simple-To-Complex Patterns
Cemil İNAN, Department of Primary Education, Ziya Gökalp Education Faculty, Dicle University, Turkey.
Abstract
Probably the simplest and the most comprehensive definition to be made regarding the question of “what is
mathematics?” will be that “mathematics is a science of patterns and relationships”. It is possible to examine
patterns in different levels of difficulty and importance from preschool period to advanced levels. In fact, the
robust foundations of advanced algebraic and functional thinking could be established at early ages with the
help of patterns. In such an important field of study, investigation of preserves teachers’ competencies is
thought to contribute to teacher training studies to be conducted in future.
The present study was carried out using statistical methods with third-grade preserves teachers from four
different programs of the Elementary School Teaching Department at Ziya Gökalp Education Faculty of Dicle
University. The research data were collected via pattern activities developed by Olkun and Tanışlı (2009). In
order to analyze the data collected, t-test, one-way analysis of variance, frequency distributions and Pearson
correlation-determination analysis were used. The results of the analysis of the research data revealed that in
general, in the field of simple-to-complex patterns, the preserves teachers participating in the study had a high
level of competency in the phases of recognition, visualization and verbalization and that they had a medium
level of competency in the phases of symbolization and analysis. In the study, no significant differences were
found between the preservice teachers’ competencies in the acquisition of thinking skills regarding the simple-
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to-complex patterns with respect to their gender and their programs in the department. When the pattern
activities were examined considering the class levels, the preserves teachers reported difficulties due to lack of
knowledge at most about the sub-dimensions of “Let’s continue the pattern to a far step” for the elementary
school 1st and 2nd grades; “Let’s determine the relationship” for the elementary school 3rd and 5th grades;
and “Let’s generalize” and “Let’s find a relation” for the elementary school 6th and 8th grades”. Regarding the
sub-dimensions, no significant difference was revealed in terms of the program and gender. Only for two of the
programs, for the purpose of overcoming the lack of knowledge, background information was given about
“arithmetic and geometric sequences prior to the application (Elementary School Teaching and Pre-School
Teaching).
The findings obtained in the study demonstrated that the preserves teachers involved in the research sample
met certain subjects regarding certain sub-dimensions in the field of simple-to-complex patterns as the
elementary school level increased and that they did not take any courses covering these subjects. In order to
fill the students’ knowledge gap, it is believed that it would be useful if comprehensive courses related to
“patterns and relationships” are included in the curricula of teacher training institutions.
Keywords:Mathematics-Patterns and Relationships, Elementary School Teaching, Competencies
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Cemil İNAN, Department of Primary Education, Ziya Gökalp Education
Faculty, Dicle University, Turkey. E-mail address:cinan@dicle.edu.tr
Teaching and Self-teaching in Higher Education

Elena Rafaila*, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Bucharest, Romania
Nicoleta Duţă, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Bucharest, Romania
Abstract
A student willing to develop personally and professionally, subject to the teacher's training and educational
actions, then becomes aware of his own potentialities, of the demands and development trends in society; he
designs, carries out, evaluates and adjusts those actions ensuring his personal development. He discovers the
mechanisms and the path of his own learning, formulates personal goals, acquires and uses self-teaching and
self-training methods fit for such goals, evaluates and valorises his own acquisitions. Communicating with his
teacher and colleagues, a student gets information, clarifies, deepens, consolidates, systemizes, checks his own
ideas and views, improves his strategies for approaching reality, develops his cognitive attitudes. The goals of
our study were to: identify the goals of self-training and the basic criteria in their formulation; analyse the
progress of these goals throughout the surveys; identify self-education and self-training methods used by the
student; identify the underlying reasons of self-teaching and self-training. Regarding the surveyed sample, we
found, among others, that: social needs are very important in establishing the reasons of self-teaching; self-
training is directed toward all dimensions of personality, professional competences, creativity and
communication prevailing; self-assessment becomes increasingly objective.
Keywords:teaching, self-teaching, teacher training, learning, Higher Education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Elena Rafaila, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of
Bucharest, Romania. E-mail address: nico.duta1@gmail.com
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Malaysian teachers’ levels of ICT integration and its
perceived impact on teaching and learning
Irfan Naufal Umar*, Centre for Instructional Technology & Multimedia, Universiti Sains Malaysia
Amat Sazali Abu Hassan, Penang Education Department, Penang, Malaysia
Abstract
The Malaysian Ministry of Education aims to raise the standard and quality of education by encouraging the
use of ICT in classrooms. While various ICT initiatives have been introduced in the education system, ICT
integration in the classroom is yet to be fully investigated. This study was conducted to assess Malaysian
teachers’ levels ICT integration as well as its impact on teaching and learning. A total of 7320 teachers were
randomly selected in this study, representing the entire primary and secondary school teachers in Malaysia. A
56-items questionnaire was administered to these respondents. However, only 2661 teachers responded to
this questionnaire (response rate: 36.34%). The results show that (i) in terms of ICT integration, they are at
Level 1 (Low), however, they reached the moderate level (Level 2) in pre-integration involving searching
information for teaching materials, and (ii) the respondents perceived that ICT has brought positive impact on
their teaching although time constraint might hinder its use, and (iii) ICT has also affected their students’
learning. The findings indicate the need to train teachers to integrate ICT in classrooms as low integration of ICT
will only impede the success of all ICT initiatives introduced by the ministry.
Keywords:ICT skills, ICT integration, ICT initiatives, teaching and learning
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCEIrfan Naufal Umar, Centre for Instructional Technology & Multimedia,
Universiti Sains Malaysia E-mail address: irfan@usm.my
Will the Real “College Net Price” Please Stand Up?

Lefter Daku *, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, USA
Abstract
The Higher Education Opportunity Act of 2008 (HEOA) included new provisions that required postsecondary
institutions in the United States to post a net price calculator (NPC) on their Web sites by October 29, 2011.
Such a net price calculator uses institutional data to provide estimated net price information to current and
prospective students and their families based on a student’s individual circumstances. The U.S. Department of
Education developed a net price calculator, often referred to as “federal template”, available to all
postsecondary institutions participating in Title IV student aid programs. To meet this federal requirement, the
U.S. colleges and universities may choose to use the federal template, build their own, or partner with a third
party NPC service provider. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of the NPC federal template in calculating
accurate estimates of college net price.
What are the major data elements required to compute the college net price? What choices are institutions
making regarding the use of the federal NPC template versus customizing alternative templates? If an
institution chooses to use a customized template, what are the implications for data collection, resources and
template maintenance? Is the federal NPC template an effective tool for computing accurate estimates of
college net price? These and other data and policy considerations in implementing a net price calculator will be
the focus of this paper. Using data simulation, we show that federal template tends to ignore the effect of
grant aid variability and often produces inaccurate estimates of expected family contribution (EFC). This could
result in understated or overstated net price estimates.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Lefter Daku, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, USA.
E-mail address: ldaku@vt.edu
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Situations and Guidelines for Enhancement of
Thai Labors’ Vocational Rehabilitation and Retraining
Tussatrin Wannagatesiri*, Faculty of Education and Development Sciences, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng
Saen Campus , Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
Nantarat Kruea – In, Faculty of Education and Development Sciences, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen
Campus , Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
Kulthida Nukultham, Faculty of Education and Development Sciences, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen
Athikiat Thongperm, Faculty of Education and Development Sciences, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen
Abstract
Recognizing the future trend towards a knowledge-based and dynamically changing society, the quality of
vocational education in Thailand is upgraded continually. However, number of youths who school dropout and
elderly people are increasing rapidly, lifelong learning for non-educated labours in term of vocational
rehabilitation and retraining need to be considered. This research conducted a quantitative survey on 357 local
organization administrators’ views on training programs for unskilled workers in helping people in local areas
get better/preference jobs and re-employ to the workforce. More than and 30 learners (16-55 year olds) and
100 academics officer and teachers in 5 Province Skill Development Centres; government organization, were
interviewed individually. The data reveals that the training pregame provided Skill Development Centre, could
not meet the changing needs and demands of individual and community. Some learners hesitated to invest
time and money in training due to uncertain outcomes. The staffs revealed short-term training programs
(12-18 hours) do not help people get new job or earn more money. While long-term training programs (4-6
months) is more qualified. However, the existing programs/curriculums for skill development training are
identified as “out of date”, especially basics and competent skills for electronically and mechanical industry.
This research highlights various government initiatives and community connection towards skill development
by reviewing and analyzing the existing situation of labour force training program, to promote a meaningful
skill development system for all citizens.
Keywords:Thai Labors, Vocational Rehabilitation and Vocational Retraining
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Tussatrin Wannagatesiri, Faculty of Education and Development Sciences,

Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus , Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand.
E-mail address: fedutrkr@ku.ac.th
Developing ESP study materials for students at a non-philological faculty

Blanka Frydrychova Klimova*, University of Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
Abstract
Nowadays, thanks to internationalization and globalization, university students have an opportunity to study
abroad. This is also true for students of the Faculty of Informatics and Management (FIM) of the University of
Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. In order to help these students succeed in their foreign studies, teachers of
English for Specific Purposes (ESP) try to meet their language needs. Although there exist a number of different
ESP textbooks, most of these textbooks, however, due to the complexity of topics and grammar structures,
cannot meet specific needs of these students. Therefore the purpose of this article is to discuss some of the
issues of ESP materials development. These include, for example, methodological principles and approaches to
the ESP materials development and ESP materials production.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Blanka Frydrychova Klimova, University of Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
E-mail address: klimova554@seznam.cz
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The development of Communicative English lessons for
WebQuest-based instruction through social networking
Jirasak Saekhow*, Faculty of Education, Suratthani Rajabhat University 272 Moo 9 Surat-Nasan Road, Khun
Taleay, Muang Surat Thani, 84100 Thailand
Nattapakal Kittisunthonphisarn, Faculty of Education, Suratthani Rajabhat University 272 Moo 9 Surat-Nasan
Road, Khun Taleay, Muang Surat Thani, 84100 Thailand
Abstract
Web Quest – based instruction is a model of education instruction format that emphasizes inquiry-oriented
activities to encourage students to develop skills in analytical thinking, synthesis, evaluation and to create the
knowledge by the uses of the information technology based. The Purposes of this research were 1) develop
the communicative English Lessons for WebQuest through social networking, 2) Compare student achievement
in Communicative English lessons before and after using WebQuest, 3) studies the satisfaction of the students
using communicative English lessons on WebQuest. The sampling was 40 students from Rajamangala University
of Technology Rattanakosin. The research tool in this study were 1) Communicative English lessons on
WebQuest 2) The learning achievement test with difficulties ranging from 0.20 to 0.80, discrimination power
ranging from 0.21 to 0.80 and reliability of 0.72 and 3) The satisfaction of the students who learned via the
developed WebQuest-based instruction with discrimination powers ranging from 0.45 to 0.82, and reliability
from 0.82 to 0.91. The statistics used for analyzing the collected data were percentage, mean, standard
deviation and t-test dependent.
The results of the research were as follows:
1) The developed Communicative English lessons on WebQuest-based instruction had an efficiency of 82.10 /
80.65 which met the established criterion of 80/80
2) The achievement of the students on Communicative English lessons was higher than pre-test at the
significance of .05 level.
3) The satisfaction from learned Communicative English lessons via WebQuest-based instruction of the
students was at the highest level.
In conclusion, the development of Communicative English lessons for WebQuest-based instruction through
social networking was appropriately efficient and effective. The teachers should be encouraged and supported
to implement this courseware in developing the learners to have higher learning achievement and analytical
thinking abilities in the future.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Jirasak Saekhow, Faculty of Education, Suratthani Rajabhat University 272
Moo 9 Surat-Nasan Road, Khun Taleay, Muang Surat Thani, 84100 Thailand.
E-mail address:jirasak_cu@hotmail.com
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Disaster Education Programs in Turkey: The Examination of
Primary and Secondary School Programs
Yonca Odabas *, Academician, Atatürk University Department of Sociology, Erzurum Turkey
Abstract
Disaster is an extreme event that each society has to manage to its negative outcomes in order to
continue its statuesquo. This is the basic reason why there are the concepts and practices as diaster
management program an policy. There are various ways to make this aim to realize. One should not
forget that, each way has connection with the other ways. In other words disaster management
programs and policies should be conceived as whole and all dimensions of societies must be taken into
consideration by program and policy makers. Education is accepted as one of he most dimension of these
programs. Disaster education can be described as program aiming to create awareness at individual,
group, community, and societal levels. And also it focuses on the capability of each of these levels to
turntheir awarenesses into the practices. In different saying, disaster education programs aim to change
all these levels both at attitudinal and behavioral terms. The Marmara Earthquake in 1999 is the breaking
point at disaster management programs and policies in Turkey. After that date there have been
numerous researches and attempts at both academic and political spheres and allmost all of them
showed the importance of education in disaster management process. This presentation is aimed to
explore these endeavors in terms of primary and secondary education programs' ciriculums,by using the
techniques both content and discourse analysis.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Yonca Odabas, Academician, Atatürk University Department of Sociology,

Erzurum Turkey E-mail address:yoncaodabas@gmail.com
Investigating the burn-out levels of Turkish preschool

teachers
Abdülkadir KABADAYI *, Necmettin Erbakan University A.K. Faculty of Education Mearm Kampüsü Meram
Yeniyol Konya - TURKEY
Abstract
The concept of burn-out, one of the biggest problems of the modern people, can almost be seen in any
profession including “Teaching”. It is also a state which appears as a result of not being able to overcome the
distress of the nature of the profession itself. This study was conducted to analyze the burn-out levels of
preschool teachers working in private and state preschool institutions in Turkey. Maslach Burn-out Scale (MBS)
was used to collect the study data. It was conducted in 29 state and 16 private preschool institutions, which
were randomly chosen in Turkey. 103 preschool teachers currently working in Konya province participated in
the study. 63 percent of them were working in state while 41 percent of them were working in private
preschool institutions. The raw data handled was processed by SPSS for windows 15 to reveal the differences
between the burn-out levels of preschool teachers working in the state and the private sectors. The result
showed that there is a significant difference between Turkish preschool teachers working in the private and the
state preschool institutions in Turkey regarding Emotional Exhaustion dimension of MBI.
Keywords:Maslach Burn-out Scale; preschool teachers; quantitative study; private; state institutions
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Abdülkadir KABADAYI, Necmettin Erbakan University A.K. Faculty of

Education Mearm Kampüsü Meram Yeniyol Konya - TURKEYE-mail address: akkabadayi03@gmail.com
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Publishing Ethics Awareness and Tendencies of
Academicians: The Case of Ataturk University, Erzurum
Turkey
Huseyin Odabaş
Abstract
In academic sphere there are numerous tools for controlling and regulating its working and ethic codes are
placed among the most important vehicles in this process. It is also claimed that, these codes have significate
effects on academic publishing. Moreover, the line between the right and wrong applications of these codes
related to the publishing, sharing among scientific community, regulating, and using of the scientific works and
publications is too thin and mostly depends on subjective interpretations in practice. And, the violation of
these codes whether consciously or unconsciously by scholars or scientific community may result to the
breaking of trust at personal, national, institutional, and scientific levels. Academicians’ information levels and
scientific ethic codes tendencies effect their research performance in whether positive or negative terms. In
this paper, the perceptions and tendencies of academicians at Ataturk University, Erzurum in Turkey related to
the scientific ethical codes are aimed to examined and the factors leading to the violation of these codes in
academic publishing are aimed to revealed by depending on both the scholars’ interpretations and literature in
terms of concepts as plagiarism, unfair authorship, hypothesis problems, slicing, duplication.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Huseyin Odabaş,

E-mail address: odabashuseyin@gmail.com
An Investigation of Some Affective Factors and Mathematics

Literacy Scores According the Data From PISA 2003 and PISA
2012
Hatice Gonca Usta
Ela Algan
Müge Uluman
Abstract
The PISA project that is based on basic skills that are determined in the fields of reading, mathematics and
science, assess to what extent students have received these knowledge and skills to be equipped for full
participation in society at the end of compulsory education. Since PISA is a large scale test at the international
level, and is based on elements of daily life, it provides extensive information about the quality of countries'
education system. The aim of this study is to investigate whether there are differences in the scores on
"Interest in Mathematics", "Mathematics Motivation", "Mathematical Self-Concept", "Mathematics Self-
Efficacy " "Mathematics Anxiety" and "Mathematics Literacy", between 2003 and 2012. This research is a
quantitative research that uses correlational model. The research data was obtained from PISA 2003 and PISA
2012 data for Turkey. The independent samples t-test was conducted to investigate the differences of related
variables according to years. According to PISA 2003 and PISA 2012 test scores, there is a significant difference
between students' "Interest in Mathematics", "Mathematics Motivation", "Mathematical Self-Concept",
"Mathematics Self-Efficacy ", "Mathematics Anxiety" and "Mathematics Literacy". When the direction of
differentiation for each variable is analyzed, it has been observed that the average of “Interest in Mathematic”,
“Mathematics Motivation”, “Mathematics Self-Efficacy” and “Mathematics Anxiety” variables decreased in the
PISA 2012. In other words, students' interest in mathematics was significantly reduced in PISA 2012 compared
to PISA 2003. Similarly, it has been observed that students ' mathematics motivation was significantly reduced.
Our findings also indicate that students' mathematics self-efficacy scores were higher in PISA 2003 than PISA
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2012. Although the decrease in mathematics interest, motivation and self-efficacy of the students, it has been
observed that there is also a decrease in their anxiety levels. In addition, students find themselves more
adequate according to PISA 2013 scores, and it has been observed that there is a significant increase in their
success.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Hatice Gonca Usta

E-mail address: goncausta@gmail.com
“ORGANIZATION AND REALIZATION OF UNIVERSITY

SPORTACTIVITIES IN GOCE DELCEV UNIVERSITY - STIP”
Biljana Popeska,Faculty of Educational Sciences, Goce Delcev University, Stip
Kiril Barbareev, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Goce Delcev University, Stip
Emilija Janevik-Ivanovska*,Faculty of Educational Sciences, Goce Delcev University, Stip
Abstract
The aim of our work is to show the establishment of the sport activities in Goce delcev University - Stip as a
fully integrated university under condition of the process of education in all study programs.
Sporting activities of students inside our university are divided into three types:
- sport as a part of the curriculum for the students in the first year
- student sport competition activities for all students from faculties and in interuniversity, national. European,
World level and
- professional sport activities of four University teams as a part of prefessional leagues.
The harmonization of sport-related training and activities at University level is well underway in form of the
Bologna process:
- to harmonize all study programs and degrees and give the same opportunity for sport to all students
- to enhance overcoming of obstacles the sport activities as an obligatory course and to ameliorate its
recognition.
In our University all sports activities are coordinated throught University Sport Center as an independent body
including professioanls and representatives from the university responsible also for the projects related to the
health care of athlets from the professional and amateur teams.
The future action is focused to increase the number of sport for attracting the number of students from all
years in all cycles of education using questionnaire containing information of their potential interest. This
should be the initial step to propose sport as an obligatory course during all period of the study program in
whole university.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Emilija Janevik-Ivanovska, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Goce Delcev

University, Stip E-mail address: biljana.popeska@ugd.edu.mk
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Factors which Affect Teachers’ Professional Development in
Teaching Innovation and Educational Technology in the 21st
Century under the Bureau of Special Education, Office of the
Basic Education Commission
Ganratchakan Ninlawan*, Faculty of Education, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok Thailand 10300
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate factors which affect teachers’ professional development in teaching innovation
and educational technology in the 21st century under the Bureau of Special Education, Office of Basic
Education. There were 400 participants. The statistical tool used in the study was Multiple Regression Analysis.
The independent variables were entered in the stepwise method. The study found that there were positive
correlations between teachers’ professional development and classroom management in the 21st century,
concerning creative and innovative skills, communication, information, and media awareness, and computer
literacy and information technology. The correlation coefficients were at .295, .349, and .408 respectively.
Keywords:the 21st Century; Teachers’ Professional; Special Education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ganratchakan Ninlawan, Faculty of Education, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat

University, Bangkok Thailand 10300. E-mail address: ganratchakan.ni@ssru.ac.th
PERCEPTION OF TEACHERS 'OPINIONS ON DISCIPLINE IN

SCHOOLS
Celal Teyyar Uğurlu,
Kadir Beycioğlu,
Yaşar Kondakçı,
Mehmet Sincar,
M.Cevat Yıldırım,
Niyazi Özer,
Aziz Öncel
Abstract
In general, when we look at the definition of the discipline; people who have come together around a purpose
to live in a specific order to ensure that the measures taken, placed in the rules and their implementation have
been identified. Discipline, individuals or groups, to achieve the purpose of education is to control their
behavior. This study was conducted in the light of qualitative research methods and techniques. This qualitative
study "case study model" is used. This model aims to clarify a particular situation. In this study, maximum
variation sampling was used purposive sampling methods. For this purpose, from 10 primary schools (middle
and elementary) will be part of the problem studied the diversity of individuals to reflect the maximum degree
of interviews were conducted with 20 teachers. The data obtained in this study were analyzed through content
analysis technique.Teachers in their school discipline perception of their views have dealt with this study,
disciplinary cases generally teachers left in the impact that student discipline on the overall teachers opinions,
disciplined and undisciplined student book and a good discipline to create a teachers' suggestions and
expectations evaluating these various categories are divided into.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Celal Teyyar Uğurlu

E-mail address: celalteyyar@yahoo.com
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Primary teachers´ instructional behavior as related to pupils’
engagement in science learning
Inge Timoštšuk*, Head of the Centre of Pedagogical Practice, Institute of Educational Sciences, Tallinn
University, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
Stevelin Jaanila, Master Student, Institute of Educational Sciences, Tallinn University, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate how teachers´ instructional behavior in primary science class is related
to pupils’ engagement in science learning. Observation and a questionnaire were used. We found that a
balanced teaching style, rather than a dominance of either structured or autonomy supportive teaching,
resulted in more engagement but that 38 per cent of pupils did not engage with science learning at all. This is a
potentially important issue for teacher education: the importance of fostering engagement in science learning
should be explored more and teacher education methodology in the field of science improved
Keywords:science engagement, primary education, teaching style, authonomy support, structure
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Inge Timoštšuk, Head of the Centre of Pedagogical Practice, Institute of
Educational Sciences, Tallinn University, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia. E-mail address: inge.timostsuk@tlu.ee
Assensment skills of doctoral students in ICT and communication with

doctoral training - Sciences doctoral studies center and Application in
Moroccan university
KEMAL Fatima Ezzahraa,University Hassan II Casablanca, Morocco; Observatory of Research in Didactics and
University Pedagogy (ORDIPU), Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials
OSMA Islama,University Hassan II Casablanca, Morocco; Observatory of Research in Didactics and University
Pedagogy (ORDIPU), Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials
EL KOUALI Mohameda, University Hassan II Casablanca, Morocco; Observatory of Research in Didactics and
ALBI Mohamed, University Hassan II Casablanca, Morocco; Observatory of Research in Didactics and University
Pedagogy (ORDIPU), Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials
RADID Mohamed,University Hassan II Casablanca, Morocco; Observatory of Research in Didactics and
Abstract
The integration of new technologies of information and communication (NTIC) in education poses the problem
of the information processing, for those which have to use them within the framework of their research.
Besides the technical skills recognized until then to the doctoral student. What knowledges and technological
know-how will he have if he intends to capitalize and integrate ICT in their research? This study is the result of
reflections based on the capitalization of the expertise accumulated by the team of the Research Observatory
Teaching University Pedagogy "ORDIPU"as a result of training and NTIC research already completed. This study
puts the NICT skills, within the field of information competencies, that a phd student, should be acquired, the
student, and considers them as ways to serve its professional skills of the doctoral student. This study allowed
us to evaluate skills in ICT of doctorat students , theirlevel of control relative to each year of doctorate,and also
made it possible to evaluate thedevelopment of these competences in NTIC withthe last years in doctoral
formation. Thedoctorands will be the judges of this evaluationthanks to tools for auto--evaluation.
Keywords:Informational skill- New technologies of Information and Communication (NTIC) - Higher education,
treatment of the information.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:KEMAL Fatima Ezzahraa, University Hassan II Casablanca, Morocco;

Observatory of Research in Didactics and University Pedagogy (ORDIPU), Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of
Materials. E-mail address: kemal.fatimaezzahra@gmail.com
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Puzzle method- the option to learn in the team
Elena Toader*, “Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Department of
Bioethics and Medical Ethics, Iasi, Romania
Abstract
Contemporary medicine is experiencing a high volume of information, which often exceeds the normal capacity
of reception and processing. Time management is important in selection and retention of the volume and
diversity of information that launches challenge to identify and experimentation with new ways to learn. In this
paper we propose to evaluate the effectiveness of the puzzle method for teamwork jigsaw applied in the
clinical simulation module (human patient simulator and digestive endoscopy simulators). The target group
consisted of medical students (year III, IV, V) distributed in mixed groups of 3-5 students coming from different
years of study. Clinical scenarios selected from the library of the simulators were divided into sub-themes
(puzzle pieces) distributed to students according to the type of professional and transversal skills proper year
of study. Working groups have reconstituted by independent reports the selected clinical scenarios. For
checking the specific indicators of learning objectives were used self-evaluation form from software program.
Processing and interpretation of information obtained from records revealed how thevdocumentation and
presentation independent research results others , communication and cooperation tasks and transfer of
knowledge between group members have contributed to cooperative learning. In conclusion students thought
that essential for puzzle method is interdependence between group members which stimulates them to
cooperate to achieve the goals.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Elena Toader, “Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, School
of Medicine, Department of Bioethics and Medical Ethics, Iasi, Romania.
E-mail address: toader.elena@yahoo.com
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AND

LEARNING LEADERSHIP
İzzet DÖŞ*, Faculty of Education, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Turkey.
İlker KIRSOY, Faculty of Education, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Turkey.
Abstract
Method
The study is correlational research. There are two variable in this study first organizational commitment and
the second learning leadership. A correlation is simply defined as a relationship between two variables. The
whole purpose of using correlations in research is to figure out which variables are connected. Correlation
research is looking for variables that seem to interact with each other, so that when you can see one changing,
you have an idea of how the other will change.
Population and Sample
The population of the study consisted of teachers employed in primary, secondary schools located in the city
centre of Kahramanmaras in the 2014. A total of 351 teachers employed in 4 primary and 4 secondary schools
and and chosen through simple random sampling method participated in the study. Out of these 351 teachers,
203 (57,8%) were male and 148 (42,2%) were female.
Data Collection Tool
Two scale was used in this study. The first is organizational commitment scale and the other is the learning
leadership scale. The leadership scale was developed by researchers. The organizational commitment was
developed by Balay (2000).
Data Analysis
SPPS 18.0 program was used to analyze the data. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients were then
computed to examine relationships between organizational commitmen and learning leadership. Furthermore
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multiple linear regression analysis was also performe to predict teachers’ perceptions on organizational
commitment by the dimension of learning leadership. Beta (β) coefficient and results for t-test were
considered to interpret the regression analysis results.
Findings and Conclusion
Correlation and regression analyses results shows for investigating the relationship between organizational
commitment and learning leadership. There is a low and positive relationship the score is 0,173 (r=0,17,
p<0,01). Regression analysis results illustrated that learning leadership predict %2,9 of total variance in
organizational commitment (R=0173, R2=0,030, p<0,01).
organizational commitment=72,203+ 0,139*(learning leadership)
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:İzzet DÖŞ, Faculty of Education, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University,
Turkey. E-mail address: id27tr@gmail.com
A Literacy Case Study Based on the Interviews with Different

Generations of Turkish Women
Kadriye Dimici*, Dicle University, Foreign Languages School, Diyarbakır, 21280, Turkey
Abstract
This study discusses the literacy development of women who belong to different generations in Turkey. By
using a qualitative approach, nine women from three different families in two cities of Turkey, İstanbul and
Diyarbakır, were interviewed. The findings of the study based on the thematic analysis show that gender is a
very determinant factor for the literacy development of these women. Moreover, literacy and schooling seems
to have caused changes in the lives of these people’s lives and helped them to gain an identity in the society.
Keywords:Literacy, Schooling, Women
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Kadriye Dimici, Dicle University, Foreign Languages School, Diyarbakır,
21280, Turkey. E-mail address: kadriyedimici@gmail.com
The Metaphoric Perceptions of Pre-service teachers on the

Concept of Graph
Elif Aladağ
Nihan Şahinkaya
Abstract
Graph is an interdisciplinary concept used in many disciplines. Also, it is one of the basic concepts that
individuals have seen in their life. The main purpose of this study is to explore pre-service primary school
teachers’, social studies teachers’ and science teachers’ perceptions about the concept of “graph” through the
use of metaphors. The participants for this study included 150 fourth grade students (equally belongs to the
programs of the primary school teacher, the social studies teacher and the science teacher education )
enrolled in the Department of Elementary Teaching at the Faculty of Education of Adnan Menderes University
during the 2014-2015 school year. Firstly, a power point slide show about the metaphors and the aim of the
study was presented to pre-service students. To collect data, each participant was asked to complete the
prompt “A graph is like . . . …because . . . …..” . . Phenomenological design was used in the study. The content
analysis technique will be used to analyze and interpret the study data. The detailed discussion will be
presented in full paper.
Keywords:Graph, Metaphor, Pre-service teachers.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Elif Aladağ,

E-mail address:ealadag@adu.edu.tr
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SCALING WITH PAIRED COMPARISON METHOD FOR
REASONS FOR MATHEMATICAL CONCERNS OF SECONDARY
SCHOOL STUDENTS
Meltem Yurtçu*, Measurment and Evaluation in Education, Hacettepe University, Turkey.
Nuri Doğan, Measurment and Evaluation in Education, Hacettepe University, Turkey.
Abstract
In this study; a paired comparison method, rarely encountered in the literature, was used in order to reveal the
reasons for mathematical concerns of primary school students. Looking at the coherence among the stimuli
created in order to reveal the reasons for concerns in mathematics, we attempted to obtain information about
whether the items of the scale harmonized with each other. In this context, the sample of the research
consisted of 243 students who were studying at two primary schools in the district of Boyabat of Sinop
province. The literature about the mathematical concerns was examined in the preparation process of the
measurement tool, the comments of the teachers and students in the mathematics course were received. 16
items were created for reasons for mathematical concerns and as a pre-application, 7 items were selected by
the ranking of 10 students. An identification form of 7 items with 21 comparisons was prepared for reasons for
mathematical concerns together with the instructions belonging to them. In the analysis of the data, the scale
values were obtained first using the 5th state and then the 3rd state. According to the 5th state, while the
item "I'm afraid that I won't be able to remember anything during the math exam." came to the forefront, the
item "I am afraid that I will be regarded as unsuccessful by my teacher if I can't answer the questions correctly"
took the last place. However, looking at the internal consistency of 5th state, its chi-square value was observed
to be significant, and then its scaling value with the 3rd state was evaluated. It was found that the item ranges
for 3rd state were more consistent compared with those of the 5th state, and that the places of the stimuli
changed in the scaling dimension. According to the 3rd state, it is seen that the most significant item was "I am
worried that my family expects high grade from me in mathematics." and, "I am afraid that I will be regarded as
unsuccessful by my teacher If I can't answer the questions correctly" came last. This differentiation can be said
to be due to the differences in the variance of the data. In conclusion, it can be said that the stimuli identified
are differential.
Keywords:Paired Comparison Method, Scaling, Reasons for Mathematical Concern
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Meltem Yurtçu, Measurment and Evaluation in Education, Hacettepe

University, Turkey. E-mail address: meltem.yurtcu@hotmail.com
INVARIABILITY OF ITEM PARAMETERS IN THE SAMPLE WITH

RESTRICTED REAL DATA RESULTS
Nuri DOĞAN*, Measurment and Evaluation in Education, Hacettepe University, Turkey.
Meltem Yurtcu, Measurment and Evaluation in Education, Hacettepe University, Turkey.
Abstract
There are two theories that they are widely utilized in the analysis of test and item in education and
psychology. These are classical test theory and item response theory. There are advantages and disadvantages
in both theories. Perhaps, the most important disadvantages of the classical theory are that item parameters
depends on sample and ability parameters depends on test. The most important advantages of item response
theory are that item parameters are not depends on the sampling and ability parameters are not depends on
the test. There are a lot of studies about that whether item response theory provides these advantages or not
but most of these studies are simulation studies. The number of research that relating to the parameter
invariant based on real data is less. When looking at the results in the literature it can be can be seen that there
are significant differences between the simulation study results and results of based on real data. In this study
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we tried to combine these two types of research. To achieve this purpose, characteristics of a test that is
applied on the population are used as constraints. Under these conditions, invariance of item parameters for
different sample sizes was investigated for three item parameter estimation techniques on 1, 2 and 3-
parameter model. Research is a simulation study but the distribution features of applications in the population
were considered as limitations in the data production process. On the other hand, the length of the test was
kept constant in data generation process (it was not considered as a variable). However, different sample sizes
(100, 250, 500, and 1000) and different convergence criteria (.001, .01 and .05) were considered as variables. In
addition, the number of iteration has examined as a variable and for each condition 2, 10, 20, 30 and 40
iterations were performed. When assessing the invariance of the item parameters, it will be considered
deviations and relations between item parameter values obtained from samples and item parameters values
obtained from population. Small deviations will be interpreted as an indicator of small change in parameters.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Nuri DOĞAN, Measurment and Evaluation in Education, Hacettepe

University, Turkey. E-mail address: nuridogan2004@gmail.com
Evaluation of disaster awareness and sensitivity level of

higher education students
Seher Özkazanç*, Gazi University Faculty of Architecture Department of City and Regional Planning, Eti Mah.
Yükseliş Sok. No , 06570, Ankara, Turkey
Ülkü Duman Yüksel, Gazi University Faculty of Architecture Department of City and Regional Planning, Eti Mah.
Yükseliş Sok. No , 06570, Ankara, Turkey
Abstract
Turkey is located in a region that frequently experience various disasters due to geological, morphological and
climate characteristics. Earthquake, flooding and landslides are the premise fields along these disasters.
Furthermore, devastating earthquakes, floods that are seen as a result of global climate change has led to
significant loss of both life and property in the region. On the other hand, human-induced disasters, as well as
natural disasters, have become increasingly risky and harmful to society in Turkey. Especially in recent years
mining accidents in Kozlu, Soma and Ermenek resulted in the loss of large number of workers lives. All these
cases reveals the urge to be prepared against disasters in Turkey. The first condition for being prepared against
disasters, is by educating the society (individuals). Therefore, with the support of the public and civil society
organizations, fulfilling this need for education is possible by making a series of training programs for teachers /
students and thus their families in order to make them informed against disasters. Although general definition
of disaster and occurrence etc topics takes its place in the educational curriculum, the topics on mitigation
measures of damage before disasters and behavior during disaster and post-disaster are undermined. In
addition to this, we cannot claim that equal training is received by all segments of the society. In this study,
main aim is to determine the level of disaster awareness of students in higher education institutions. In this
regard, questionnaire data collection method is applied to the students of Gazi University Faculty of
Architecture, City and Regional Planning. Descriptive statistics are used in the analysis and evaluation of the
data. By revealing the level of awareness in the higher education level, the study also aims to point to the need
for disaster mitigation education that includes various topics and is accessible to whole society.
Keywords:Disaster; disaster awareness; disaster sensitivity; higer education
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Seher Özkazanç, Gazi University Faculty of Architecture Department of City
and Regional Planning, Eti Mah. Yükseliş Sok. No, 06570, Ankara, Turkey.
E-mail address: seherpolat7@gmail.com
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Reflections of Pre-service Teachers about Using Real-Life
Problems in Mathematics Teaching
Tuğçe KOZAKLI, Uludağ Univesity, Bursa, Turkey.
Işıl BOZKURT, Uludağ Univesity, Bursa, Turkey.
Abstract
There are still serious differences between school mathematics and mathematics required real-life. In order to
resolve these differences, the role and importance of mathematics in real-life problems should be made
comprehend to pre-service teachers. The aim of this research is to make mathematics teaching up “lifelong
experiences” and to create awareness in pre-service teachers. In the research, 12 pre-service teachers are
made real-life task about “the calculation of non-measurement distances” in the subject of similarity and it is
reported the thoughts about this activity in the end. These are the pointed out thoughts of pre-service
teachers’ individual and group interviews:
In these types of tasks; it is valuable that decreasing the negative thoughts toward mathematics, making
significant and permanent the information learned, and approaching the cases encountered in the real-life with
aspect of problem solving for pre-service teachers. Also they said that they consider as a lost cause of that
making a task about the real-life problem because of reasons like cannot see mathematics integrated in the
real-life, cannot answer the question of “what is it for?”. They stated that these type of tasks must be in the
curriculum and must be included an end off partly in some lessons.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Tuğçe KOZAKLI, Uludağ Univesity, Bursa, Turkey.

E-mail address: tugcekozakli@gmail.com
Fundamental Principles and Variance by Categories

(ONEWAY ANOVA) of Participatory, Payable, Profitable,
Potent, Insured Education System (4pes IESM
Seniha Çelikhan
Abstract
In the educational field, there is a need for a system which should become effective, useful and easily
affordable and should include user participation. This need was the main reason; the author has designed the
model named “Insured Education System Model - IESM”. The IESM is based on the principal which
expenditures of education in each expenditure entry level will not be paid by the person itself. The insurance
foundations are established to cover the educational expenditures of the buyers. This study has been made by
a descriptive and quantitative method with the prediction that the IESM is acceptable by the majority of
households. The units represent households and teachers in the schools where this study is carried out. The
units are grouped according to variables such as number of children, education, income and occupation and
also in ascendant parameters for cities and public or private schools. This paper focuses on principles of the IES
model and variance by categories (ONEWAY ANOVA).
Keywords:Education; Categories, Principles, Participation; Profit
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Seniha Çelikhan

E-mail address: celikhan@gyte.edu.tr
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Expression of National Identity of Pre-school Lithuanian
Children in Emigration
Sigita Montvilaitė, Faculty of Education, Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, Studentų st. 39, LT-
Aldona Mazolevskienė, Faculty of Education, Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, Studentų st. 39, LT-
Ieva Kerulienė, Faculty of Education, Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, Studentų st. 39, LT-08106
Vilnius, Lithuania
Abstract
The increasing numbers of Lithuanian emigrants abroad result in a problem to highlight the importance of
nurturance of national identity of pre-school children living abroad and encountered challenges emphasising
the problematic nature of this phenomenon. It is also necessary to identify if children’s national identity is
nurtured, how teaching/learning of the Lithuanian language is encouraged in the family or educational
institutions as well as how links with Lithuania are maintained. The goal of the research: to reveal the
expression of national identity of pre-school Lithuanian children in emigration. The methods of the research:
analysis of theoretical literature sources, interview, questionnaire survey, statistical methods. The sample of
the research: 54 parents and 87 children. The research revealed that the level of children’s national identity is
relatively high; however, the tendency to identify with the host culture is also observed. Parents deliberately
chose Lithuanian education institutions in the host country, make attempts to nurture the Lithuanian language
and traditions as well as to maintain close links with Lithuania.
Keywords:Lithuania, national identity, preschool, emigration, formation;
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Sigita Montvilaitė, Faculty of Education, Lithuanian University of

Educational Sciences, Studentų st. 39, LT-08106 Vilnius, Lithuania
E-mail address: montvile@gmail.com
Traditions in Banat
Ana Lozici, Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”
from Timişoara, Faculty of Agricultural Management, 119 Calea Aradului, 300645, Timişoara, Romania
Cornelia Petroman, Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of
Romania
Elena Claudia Constantin, University Politehnica Timisoara, Faculty of Communication Sciences, Department of
Communication and Foreign Languages, 2 Petre Râmneanţu Street, 300596 Timişoara, Romania
Diana Marin, Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”
Oliver Schilla, Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”
Abstract
The geographic position of Banat has favoured the contact with various ethnic groups and empires leading to a
complex and heterogeneous demographic structure. The climate and the character of the inhabitants of Banat
made many ethnic groups settle down in this area. The interculturality of Banat is based on the tolerant
behaviour of the local people. The customs and the traditions in Banat are an expression of intercultural
communication. The pastoral holidays are common to all the ethnic groups living in Banat, showing common
occupations and respect for secular traditions. The profound respect for the other religions is the custom to
actively participate at their celebrations. The authors reinforce the idea that efforts have to be made to make
the young generation aware of the importance of the traditions in defining the cultural identity.
Keywords:Banat, traditions; pastoral calender; ethnic groups, religious traditions; intercultural comunication;
tolerance
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* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ana Lozici, Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine “King Michael I of Romania” from Timişoara, Faculty of Agricultural Management, 119 Calea Aradului,
300645, Timişoara, Romania. E-mail address: elclconst@gmail.com
Managing the Transfer of Information

Ionela Cristina Bidireac, Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of
Romania
Cornelia Petroman, Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of
Romania
Elena Claudia Constantin, Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I
of Romania” from Timişoara, Faculty of Agricultural Management, 119 Calea Aradului, 300645,
Timişoara, Romania
Cosmina Chirila, Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of
Romania
Rodica Bolocan,Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of
Romania
Abstract
In order to manage the transfer of the intended message several requirements have to be met. The article
focusses on finding ways to improve the transfer of EU information to people involved in the zootechnical field
living in the rural areas of the Timis County. Studies made pointed out that the little farmers were not properly
informed as far as accessing EU financial resources are concerned. The research was triggered by the low rate
of absorption funds by the people involved in the zootechnical sector. The transfer of information is analysed in
general, and in particular the transfer of information as far as the European Funds for agriculture is concerned.
Particular emphasis is on put on presenting the elements of the communication process that have to be met in
order to get the intended communication objectives and on those which influence the correct deciphering of
the message. The analysis is made from the mass communication approach. One way to improve the situation
of the zootechnical sector in the Timis County is to ensure that the information the small farmers need is
correct and adapted to their level of understanding.
Keywords:communication process; transfer of information; mass communication; European funding;

zootechny; semi-subsitance farms
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ionela Cristina Bidireac, Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania” from Timişoara, Faculty of Agricultural Management, 119
Calea Aradului, 300645, Timişoara, Romania. E-mail address: elclconst@gmail.com
The Competences of Educative Mentor, Fostering Change in

the Early Childhood Education
Ona Monkevičienė, Faculty of Education, Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, Studentų St. 39, LT-
Birutė Autukevičienė, Faculty of Education, Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, Studentų St. 39, LT-
Abstract
Modern pre-school education together with the whole educational system face the period of constant changes,
in which new needs of novices, universities and educational institutions arise. It is extremely important to train
such pre-school teachers who can successfully get involved into children educational system and to contribute
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to faster changes of pre-school educational practice. Purpose of Study - to construct and empirically ground the
competences of educative mentor, fostering change in the early childhood education. Methods. The survey of
pre-school teacher mentors. Factorial analysis of mentor competences structural factors. Participants. 459 of
early childhood education and pre-school teacher mentors working under the conditions of regular reforms
and changes for more than a decade and monitoring the future pre-school education teachers have been
surveyed. Mentoring is one of the most effective strategies of teacher training, which helps to achieve these
aims. The article emphasises and describes the concept of traditional mentoring based on behaviouristic
theories, educative mentoring based on constructivist theories and reform-based change fostering mentoring.
Having done the factorial analysis of mentor competence structural factors in the mentor competence model
consisting of 8 competences, the following essential mentor competences have arisen: personal,
communicative; expert assessment and reflection, student practice and reflection.
Keywords:Mentor, pre-school education teacher, pedagogical practice, student
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ona Monkevičienė, Faculty of Education, Lithuanian University of

Educational Sciences, Studentų St. 39, LT-08106 Vilnius, Lithuania
E-mail address: ona.monkeviciene@yahoo.com
Social Integration of the Autistic Child through Physical

Activity
BARNA IULIANA, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Dunarea de Jos University, Romania.
ICHIM PAUL, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Dunarea de Jos University, Romania.
DRAGU MIRCEA, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Dunarea de Jos University, Romania.
Abstract
The psychomotor activities are an important component of the educative programs, as coordinated motion
helps in the motor recovery of the child with autism spectrum disorder, and also in acquiring social and
emotional balance. A complex physiotherapy program combined with motor games, applied to autistic
children, favors the knowledge of the body and the optimal integration in the social environment, both through
exercises and through the relational attitude maintained by the therapist.
The general objective of the study is related to the recovery and normal development of the autistic people
using physiotherapy. Starting from the idea that the physical exercise improves the state of the subject, both
physically and psychically, we propose a recovery program that would aim, on long term, at the social
integration of the subject and at his gaining of autonomy.
Research objectives:
• the elaboration of a qualitative, updated study based on scientific data;
• the study of the literature in the field;
• the assessment of the subject
• the identification of the dysfunctionalities that are specific to this disorder and of the possibility to
recover with the help of physiotherapy;
• the selection and adaptation of the physiotherapy program to the subject’s needs and skills;
• the constant evaluation of the subject and the interpretation of the results.
Keywords:autism, psychomotricity, integration, autonomy
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:BARNA IULIANA, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Dunarea de Jos
University, Romania. E-mail address: iuliabarna@yahoo.com
261 | P a g e
The effect of school administrators’ decision-making styles
on teacher job satisfaction
Dinçer Ölçüm, Adatepe Secondary School, Karasu/Sakarya 54500, Turkey
Osman Titrek, Sakarya University Education Faculty, Hendek/Sakarya 54300, Turkey
Abstract
This study, conducted using a correlational method, determines the relationship between school
administrators’ decision-making styles and teachers’ job satisfaction levels. In total, 483 teachers and 167
administrators from primary schools in Sakarya Province, Turkey, were surveyed. The short form Minnesota
Satisfaction Questionnaire and Decision-Making Styles Questionnaire were used. The results show that the job
satisfaction levels of teachers and administrators who participated in the survey were high. We conclude that
administrators mostly use rational decision-making style, and they rarely use avoidant decision-making style.
Regression analysis results showed that teacher job satisfaction levels were predicted significantly by
administrators’ decision-making styles.
Keywords:decision-making style, job satisfaction, teacher, school administrator, educational administration
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Dinçer Ölçüm, Adatepe Secondary School, Karasu/Sakarya 54500, Turkey
E-mail address: dincer.olcum@yahoo.com
Inspiring Key Competencies through the implementation of

an ePortfolio for undergraduate students
Aikaterini Alexiou, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Greece
Fotini Paraskeva, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Greece
Abstract
Undergraduate students find difficult to distinguish key competencies (knowledge, skills and attitudes), to
understand the necessity of transforming these competencies into meaningful knowledge with regard to self,
academia and career. Higher Education (HE) should deliver learner-centered experiences like ePortfolios so as
to support students to take responsibility for their own learning processes during multiple formal coursework
and to enhance their key competencies.
On this basis, we examine how key competencies can positively influenced through the implementation of an
ePortfolio. We designed apt2iMySelf ePortfolio as an open source social software that aligns the aspects
(cognitive, affective, behavior and context) of self-regulated learning (SRL) with career management skills. An
ePortfolio was delivered as a training programme so as to promote academic development and career
management. Towards this, we conducted a quasi-experimental research with comparison groups in pre/post-
tests in order to examine key competencies and student’s performance.
The findings revealed that students’ key competencies and performance tend to increase after the completion
of the ePortfolio training process. The vision of apt2iMySelf ePortfolio is to empower learners to manage their
learning process, emphasize on achievement emotions, enhance their life and career competencies and
achieve their career aspirations. Further research should measure students’ self-regulated learning and career
management skills as well as the relations among cognitive, affective, behavior and context processes.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Aikaterini Alexiou, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus,

Greece. E-mail address: katialex@webmail.unipi.gr
262 | P a g e
Comparison of Turkey with Three Leading Countries
(Norway, Australia, Switzerland) according to Human
Development Index 2014 Report in terms of Teacher
Training
Ebru ELÇİ, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Turkey.
Gülsün ATANUR BASKAN, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Turkey.
Abstract
Human development index is a brief and hybrid index measuring average attainment of a country in three basic
fields of human development, such as health, knowledge and income. According to 2014 report Turkey is the
69th out of 187 countries. Norway resides as the first in this report, followed by Australia and Switzerland. This
study includes a comparison of Turkey with three leading countries in human development index in terms of
teacher training policies. In order to keep teaching in pace with the necessities of the era and to continuously
improve and replenish professional understanding and approach, it is imperative that future teachers and
teacher training programmes should develop alternative thinking and acting methods. In other words, teacher
training as well as academic education, continues throughout professional life, starting from an individual’s and
society’s perspective for teachers and teaching profession. In this study which is prepared by literature
reviewing, teacher training policies of four countries presented with similar and different aspects. The influence
of individual and social readiness, university education and in service education in these countries upon
teacher training policies is examined and teacher education policies of three leading countries of human
development index are compared with teacher training policies of Turkish Educational System.
Keywords:human development index, teacher training, Norway, Australia, Switzerland, Turkey
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ebru ELÇİ, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Turkey.

E-mail address: ebruelcipdr@hotmail.com
The Content Assessment of Pre-School Education Program in

Turkey towards Music Education
Ayhan HELVACI, Fine Art Faculty, Uludağ University, Turkey.
Abstract
The pre-school period when the brain is developed the most rapidly forms a strong ground for the cognitive,
language, motor, social and emotional development of the child. Therefore, children grow very quickly
especially in their first six years of life which is named as the pre-school period and in these development areas,
they become complete in every respect with an amazing speed. Thus, this will result in having the child achieve
his/her own potential and be a productive member of the society. Education is the head of the most effective
processes in shaping, directing, changing and developing individuals and societies. Contemporary education is
carried out by being organised within a framework which includes the three general subject areas named as
science, art and technique. As for music education, it forms one of the most important branches of fine arts
education as an education of art having vocalic and auditory qualities. It has a significant place within pre-
school education. In this context, the pre-school education program lastly prepared in 2013 in Turkey was
studied and a content assessment was made directed towards music education in this research.
Keywords:Turkey, Pre-School Education Program, Music Education, Content, Assessment
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ayhan HELVACI, Fine Art Faculty, Uludağ University, Turkey.
E-mail address: ayhanhelvaci@gmail.com
263 | P a g e
The Efficiency Of The Song Repertoire On The Musical
Development Level Of Pre-School Children Aged Six Years
Old
Gülnihal Gül, Uludağ University Education Faculty Fine Arts Education Department Music Education Division,
Turkey, Bursa
İsmail Bozkaya,Uludağ University Education Faculty Fine Arts Education Department Music Education Division,
Turkey, Bursa
Abstract
It is considered that music which is based on creativity and is an art of sound can be used in various ways as a
teaching method in preschool. However, it is observed that efficient use is not made of teaching methods
including mainly voice training and instrument training, and that an appropriate repertoire is not formed.
Therefore, forming a nursery rhymes repertoire for pre-school children, which is appropriate for the necessities
of the Early Childhood Education Program. Also, the aim of this research is to help music teachers at pre-
school level carry out more efficient and productive work. Towards this aim, a song repertoire has been formed
by the researcher, experimental and control groups have been specified and work has been done with the
experimental group for 12 weeks. A pre test and a final test has been applied to the experimental and control
groups before and after practice with the use of a “musical skills measuring device” prepared by the
researcher. It has been benefited from the SPSS 13.0 packet program for the statistical solutions of the data
gathered as part of the main aim of the research and main problem.
According to the data gained from the research results, it has been observed that the activities performed in
music education with the song repertoire prepared and applied by the researcher have created a positive effect
on the musical development of 6 year old children.
Keywords:Preschool education, music education, song repertoire
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Gülnihal GÜL, Uludağ University Education Faculty Fine Arts Education
Department Music Education Division, Turkey, Bursa. E-mail address: gulnihalgul@gmail.com
The Relationship between Pedagogical Content Knowledge

and al-Quran Tajweed Performance among Students KKQ in
Malaysia
Azmil Hashim, Sultan Idris Education University,35900 Tanjung Malim, Perak, Malaysia
Jahidih Saili, Sultan Idris Education University,35900 Tanjung Malim, Perak, Malaysia
Mohd Aderi Che Noh,National University of Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Abstract
This study aims to identify the relationship between teachers (PCK) and the student achievement of al-Quran
tajweed in Special Class on Reading and Memorizing Al-Quran Skill (KKQ) at Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala
Lumpur. The study was implemented by involving a group of respondent which consist of 134 students in
(KKQ). The data of the respondents was collected by using a survey as an instruments which verified by a panel
of experts. The level of alpha Cronbach reliability for overall division of the survey was high (>0.7). The
quantitative data for survey was analyzed in an inferential manner by using Statistical Package For Social
Science (SPSS) v20 to get the relationship between the variable involved. The results of the study shows, there
was a lower significant relationship between the teachers PCK and the student achievement of tajweed al-
Quran in KKQ. Therefore, the KKQ teachers must know this knowledge because it is one of the factors that will
determine the effective learning besides it will affect the students’ achievement in tajweed al-Quran subject in
KKQ.
Keywords:Pedagogical Content Knowledge; al-Quran Tajweed
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Azmil Hashim, Sultan Idris Education University,35900 Tanjung Malim,
Perak, Malaysia. E-mail address: azmil@fsk.upsi.edu.my
264 | P a g e
Thinking globally: ICT teaching perspectives
Kamilya Zhumartovna Karabayeva, Kazakh University of International Relations and World Languages,
Kazakhstan
Abstract
This work was encouraged by the contemporary global processes taking place in the world labor market. These
processes impose new demands on the modern specialists, and in particular on the future teachers of foreign
language. These changes lead to the necessity of modernization of the foreign language education targeted at
the development of the competences necessary for the teachers of «the new formation». Current study was
aimed at examination of the effectiveness of the implementation of ICT for the development of the cross-
cultural professionally reflective competence. This research lasted for two months and involved two groups of
third-year future teachers of a foreign language taking the ESP course. The research participants comprised 15
students in control group (CG) and 16 students in experimental group (EG). In the course of the study CG was
taught according to the standard ESP syllabus with the use of the ESP course-book. In EG in addition to the
standard program was implemented ICT. The research results were obtained from the comparison of the EG
and CG course achievements by means of pre- and post-tests. The research results have shown that the use of
ICT in the foreign language teaching facilitates the development of the cross-cultural professionally – reflective
competence.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Kamilya Zhumartovna Karabayeva, Kazakh University of International

Relations and World Languages, Kazakhstan. E-mail address: kamilya77777@gmail.com
A COMPARISION OF NORTH CYPRUS (TRNC) AND THE

GUARANTOR COUNTRIES (United Kingdom, Turkey, Greece)
TEACHER TRAINING MODELS
Gülyüz DEBEŞ,Near East University, Cyprus
Gülsün ATANUR BASKAN,Hacattep University, Turkey.
Abstract
A teacher is described as sameone who pursues the teaching and training and manages the educational
institutions in a country, accepted by its governments. Teacher education programmes require culture, special
knowledge and training together with pedagoical formation. For this higher education for a teacher is
inevitable.This study aims to identify and compare the teacher traning institutions and their implementations
in North Cyprus(TRNC) and the three guarantor countries namely Turkey, Greece and the U.K. of the 1960
Republic of Cyprus. We have used the existing literature extensively in this study so that the differences as well
as the similarities can be ascertained. At the end, it is observed that developments in teachers training in the
TRNC and the guarantor countries are very similar and parallel in several aspects. This suggests that similar
models are implemented with local variations. It is thus concluded that such close progress would make the
adoption of North Cyprus into any eventual political organisation such as E.U. very easily.
Key words: Teacher, Teachers-Training, North Cyprus (TRNC), Guarantor Countries (England,Turkey,Greece).
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Gülyüz DEBEŞ, Near East University, Cyprus

E-mail address: dgulyuz@yahoo.com
265 | P a g e
School Sports Shows between Physical Education
Teachers And Rectors In Different Educational
Grades (Analysis And Critical Study)
Ahmed Mohamed Hashemi, Arab rebublic of egypt , beni-suef university , faculty of physical educations, Egypt
Abstract
This study is an attempt to explain the position of sports shows . and to discover the opinions of Physical
education teachers and rectors about sports shows . and The obstructionist of its execution . Throw four
dymintions ( Sports Show Conception, and Important once – executed sports show programs – Sport
education's role of sports show programs executed And development – administration role of shoring sports
show programs).The application by Educational and Sport education expert opinion surveys,and it consist 88
phrase
The study Applied on fifty teacher And rectors in different educational Grads .( 17 ) teacher And rectors in
primary grad " first phase " . ( 17 ) teacher And rectors in primary grad " second phase " . ( 16 ) teacher And
rectors in secondary grad " first phase " in each of Dametta and Dakahlea city . In the educational year 2005 –
2006 .
The important results was the Sport education teachers and rectors cant execute sports show because there is
financing obstructionist . And the playground in schools isn’t suitable to execute sports show . And the
cooperation between general administration and sports education faculty lead to development teacher
performance in design and direct sports show . there isn’t a significant difference between sport education
teachers and rectors opinions and sport education general administration Rectors opinions of application axis.
The important recommend Was : economize suitable budget for sports show . Preparing courses for teachers
in sports show . pay good awards for sports show organizers . conservation the scholar playgrounds . Using the
playgrounds of youth centers and clubs for execute sports show .
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Ahmed Mohamed Hashemi, Arab rebublic of egypt , beni-suef university ,
faculty of physical educations, Egypt. E-mail address: dr_ah40@yahoo.com
Pedagogical Problems Of Primary School Teachers’

Professional Preparation
Malik Sultanbek, Turkey.
Abstract
This article concerns the pedagogical problems of primary school teachers’ professional preparation. The
didactic system of preparation for the teaching the basis of professional activity of future teacher of
professional education in the condition of profile school gives an opportunity to activate their educational
activity; it improves their motivation in mastering knowledge, habits and skills for perfecting in their
professional education. It gives an opportunity to realize the social importance of professional preparation in
teaching the basis of professional activity in the condition of professional school. From this point of view, the
results of the investigation proved the effectivness of didactic system of preparation for teaching the basis of
professional activity of future professional pedagogs at the condition of profile school.
Keywords:Form, Teacher, School, Child, Professional Education, Activity, Experiment, Didactics.
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Malik Sultanbek, Turkey.

E-mail address: malik_sultanbek@mail.ru
266 | P a g e
Reflections of Pre-service Teachers about Using Real-Life
Problems in Mathematics Teaching
Tuğçe KOZAKLI, Uludağ Univesity, Bursa, Turkey.
Işıl BOZKURT, Uludağ Univesity, Bursa, Turkey.
Abstract
There are still serious differences between school mathematics and mathematics required real-life. In order to
resolve these differences, the role and importance of mathematics in real-life problems should be made
comprehend to pre-service teachers. The aim of this research is to make mathematics teaching up “lifelong
experiences” and to create awareness in pre-service teachers. In the research, 12 pre-service teachers are
made real-life task about “the calculation of non-measurement distances” in the subject of similarity and it is
reported the thoughts about this activity in the end. These are the pointed out thoughts of pre-service
teachers’ individual and group interviews:
In these types of tasks; it is valuable that decreasing the negative thoughts toward mathematics, making
significant and permanent the information learned, and approaching the cases encountered in the real-life with
aspect of problem solving for pre-service teachers. Also they said that they consider as a lost cause of that
making a task about the real-life problem because of reasons like cannot see mathematics integrated in the
real-life, cannot answer the question of “what is it for?”. They stated that these type of tasks must be in the
curriculum and must be included an end off partly in some lessons.
Keywords:
* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Tuğçe KOZAKLI, Uludağ Univesity, Bursa, Turkey.

E-mail address: tugcekozakli@gmail.com
267 | P a g e

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7th World Conference on Educational Sciences

Prof. Dr. Ali Baykal, Bahcesehir University, Turkey

Key words: Music Therapy, Social Skills, Autism Spectrum Disorder.

* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Bilgehan Eren, Department of Special Education, Faculty of Education,

Qualities that mentors in the University setting should have

Key words: Mentoring, mentors, qualities, University

* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Samuel Carpintero, Polytechnic University of Madrid, c/ Profesor

Key words: student’s difficulties, concepts; thermodynamic chemistry; evaluation

* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Mohamed Radida, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials Hassan II

On Differences in the Use of Hedging in English and

Utilising Mobile-Augmented Reality for Learning Human

Key words: Production Management, Production Management Course, Self-efficacy

DEVELOPING SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY TEACHING IN RURAL SCHOOLS IN

“Puppet-Story Telling” as Early Prevention of Corruption in

* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Muhamad Zainuri, Jember Univeristy, Jember 68151, Indonesia.

Self-knowledge and Adolescence

* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Çağla Gür, Turgut Özal University, Ankara, Turkey.

Meaning in Life with Self-Determination Perspective in High

Nur DEMİRBAŞ, Profilo Teknik ve Endüstri Meslek Lisesi, İstanbul.

* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Tolga Erdogan, Larissa, 41334, Greece.

Target-oriented research of the strategic programmes on

University Students’ Perceptions and Attitudes of the Freedom of

* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Lucrecia Piñeiro, Facultad de Educación, Universidad Católica de Cuyo.

A Look at AUA Pre-school English Program through the Lens

* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Mariam Suren Khachatryan, English Language Instructor, American

Teacher Assessment: The Gap between Formal Regulations,

Key words: Anxiety, Group Counseling, Autistic Parents

Comparison of Corncob and Corn Using asnFungal Culture

Key words: corn, corncob, fungal, medium

* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Jaruwan Chutrtong, Industrial Microbiology Department, Suansunandha

The Effect of Training Package Development in Preparing the

Key words: ASEAN Community, Training Package;

Hedging in Academic Writing - A Pedagogically-Motivated

Key words: Career management, cultural context, cultural dimensions

Assessing the Economic, Social, and Environmental

Key words: sustainable agriculture; agricultural planning; agriculture; sustainable.

* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Talisa Niemmanee, Department of Environmental Science, Suan Sunandha

Self-Regulated Capacity for Vocabulary Learning in Turkish

The Evaluation of Reproductive Health PhD Program in Iran:

Students’ Views on the Teacher as an Information Provider

* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Maria-Monica Popescu-Mitroi, Department for Teaching Training,

Student Management Teams as a means of communication

THE STUDENTS’ PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AS

Key words: counseling skills, students, mediation

* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Rodica Gabriela Enache, Ovidius University Constanța, Romania.

Implementation Of Collaborative Learning To Enhance

* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Maria-Monica Popescu-Mitroi, Department for Teaching Training,

Effect of institutional evaluation policies on private

Development of Social Skill Rating Scale for

Rhetorical critic's role and mission in communication

* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Constantin Elena Claudi, Politehnica University Timișoara, Faculty of

Engineering Students’ Career Choice and the English

* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Maria-Monica Popescu-Mitroi, Department for Teaching Training,

Key words: Quality Audit, Evaluation, Quality Indicator, educational inspector.

* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Mohamed ESSAOUDI, Ministère de l'éducation nationale (MEN), Morocco.

The Quality of the Publications related to Domestic Violence

Key words: Family, violence, newspaper

Romanian contemporary approaches to continuous training

* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Vîrtop Sorin-Avram, iversity “Constantin Brâncuşi” of Târgu-Jiu, Calea

Key words: creativity, driving factors, a sports center, the staff.

* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Kristina Bradauskiene, Lithuanian Sports University, Lithuanian.

Key words: Formative assessment, Unreliability of the mark, Summative evaluation

* ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE:Malika TRIDANE, Centre Régional des Métiers de l’Education et de la

Key words: play and drama, resilience, children at risk