SUMMARY - CALCULATION OF STAIRCASE PRESSURISATION FANS - AL WADEEMA

AS PER BS & UAE FIRE AND

TENDER SPECIFIED
SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE
SR NO REF DESCRIPTION SERVING AREA
AIR FLOW (CFM) ESP (Pa) AIR FLOW (CFM) ESP (Pa)

NOT
1 SPF-01 STAIRCASE PRESSURISATION FAN STAIRCASE-01 12157.32 15275
SPECIFIED

NOT
2 SPF-02 STAIRCASE PRESSURISATION FAN STAIRCASE-02 12157.32 15314
SPECIFIED
 STAIRWELL PRESSURIZATION CALCULATION FOR STAIRCASE 1 - AL W

FAN - SPF-1

I
a)

b)

c)
 STAIRWELL PRESSURIZATION CALCULATION FOR STAIRCASE 1 - AL W

FAN - SPF-1

d)
e)

II

a)

b)
 STAIRWELL PRESSURIZATION CALCULATION FOR STAIRCASE 1 - AL W

FAN - SPF-1

c)

d)

e)
f)
STAIRWELL PRESSURIZATION CALCULATION FOR STAIRCASE 1 - AL W

FAN - SPF-1
 STAIRWELL PRESSURIZATION CALCULATION FOR STAIRCASE 1 - AL WADEE

FAN - SPF-1

According to UAE FIRE AND SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE (Sec 23.2.2)

The flow velocity shall be attained when a combination of two doors from any two
successive stories and the main discharge door are fully open. Magnitude of the
velocity averaged over the full area of each door shall not be less than 1.0 m/s

DESCRIPTION
Total no.of floors
Total no.of doors
Total Stairwell wall area (Refer wall area calculation attached)
Total Exterior Building Wall Area
Total Windows Perimeter
Total Lift Well Wall Area
Total Lift Landing Doors Area

TOTAL AIR SUPPLY REQUIREMENT WITH ALL DOORS CLOSED (Qs)

Total Leakage through Closed Door gaps (Q dc)
Leakage area for Single Leaf opening into a pressurised space
Leakage area for all Single Leaf opening into a pressurised space (15 Nos)
Total Leakage through Door Gaps (Qdc) = 0.839 x A x sqrt (delta P)
{= 0.83 x 0.15 x sqrt (50)}
Total leakage Rate via gaps around Windows (Q wi)
Total leakage Area via gaps around Windows (A wi) @ 3.6 x 10-5 m2 per m Length

Total Leakage through Gaps around Windows (Qwi) = 0.839 x A x (delta P) 0.625

{= 0.83 x 0.0 x (50)0.625}

Total leakage rate via Lift Landing Doors (Q ld)
 STAIRWELL PRESSURIZATION CALCULATION FOR STAIRCASE 1 - AL WADEE

FAN - SPF-1
Total leakage rate via other areas containing machanical extraction system (Q t)

Total leakage rate via walls (Qwa)

Exterior Building Wall Area(Leakage area ratio A/A w=0.00021)
Internal and stair wall Area(Leakage area ratio A/Aw=0.00011)
Lift well wall Area(Leakage area ratio A/Aw=0.00084)
Total leakage Area via walls (Awa)
{= (0.00021x 14) + (0.00011 x 779) + (0.00084 x 0)}
Total Leakage through Walls (Qwa) = 0.839 x A x sqrt (delta P)
{= 0.83 x 0.0886 x sqrt (50)}
TOTAL AIR SUPPLY REQUIREMENT WITH ALL DOORS CLOSED (Qs =Qdc+Qwi+Qld+Qt+Qwa)

Considering 50% Safety for unidentified leakage areas

{ = 1.40 x 1.5}

TOTAL AIR SUPPLY REQUIREMENT WITH DOORS OPEN (Qsdo)

Total air flow needed through open door to prevent smoke infiltration into stairwell
(Qdo)
The total no of doors considered open
(Fire Affected Floor, Above Floor and Door on Ground Floor)
Velocity of air through open Stairwell door to prevent smoke infiltration into Stairwell

Considering 3 open doors, Door area

{ = 1 x 2.2 x 3 }
Total air flow needed through open door to prevent smoke infiltration into stairwell

{ = 1 x 6.6 }

Total Leakage through Closed Door gaps (Q dc)

 STAIRWELL PRESSURIZATION CALCULATION FOR STAIRCASE 1 - AL WADEE

FAN - SPF-1
Leakage area for Single Leaf opening into a pressurised space
Leakage area for all Single Leaf opening into a pressurised space (12 Nos)
Total Leakage through Closed Door Gaps (Q dc) = 0.839 x A x sqrt (delta P)
{= 0.83 x 0.12 x sqrt (12.5)}

Total leakage Rate via gaps around Windows (Q wi)

Total leakage Area via gaps around Windows (A wi) @ 3.6 x 10-5 m2 per m Length

Total Leakage through Gaps around Windows (Qwi) = 0.839 x A x (delta P) 0.625

{= 0.83 x 0.0 x (12.5)0.625}

Total leakage rate via Lift Landing Doors (Q ld)
Total leakage rate via other areas containing machanical extraction system (Q t)

Total leakage rate via walls (Qwa)

Exterior Building Wall Area(Leakage area ratio A/A w=0.00021)
Internal and stair wall Area(Leakage area ratio A/Aw=0.00011)
Lift well wall Area(Leakage area ratio A/Aw=0.00084)
Total leakage Area via walls (Awa)
{= (0.00021x 14) + (0.00011 x 779) + (0.00084 x 0)}
Total Leakage through Walls (Qwa) = 0.839 x A x sqrt (delta P)
{= 0.83 x 0.0886 x sqrt (12.5)}

TOTAL AIR SUPPLY REQUIREMENT WITH ALL DOORS OPENED (Qsdo

=Qdo+Qdc+Qwi+Qld+Qt+Qwa)

Since Qsdo is Greater than Qs, Qsdo is selected for Fan Selection

{ = 7.21 x 1000 }
{ = 7212 x 2.118 }
 STAIRWELL PRESSURIZATION CALCULATION FOR STAIRCASE 1 - AL WADEE

FAN - SPF-1

STAIRWELL PRESSURISATION FAN CFM SELECTED

1 - AL WADEEMA

Calculation Unit
14 Nos
15 Nos
779.37 sq m
13.75 sq m
0.00 m
0.00 sq m
0.00 sq m

0.01 sq m
0.15 sq m

0.88 cu.m/s

0.0000 sq m

0.00 cu.m/s
0 sq m
1 - AL WADEEMA

0 sq m
sq m
14 sq m
779 sq m
sq m

0.0886 sq m

0.52 cu.m/s

1.40 cu.m/s

2.101 cu.m/s

3 Nos

1.00 m/s

6.60 sq.m

6.60 cu.m/s
1 - AL WADEEMA

0.01 sq m
0.12 sq m

0.35 cu.m/s

0.0000 sq m

0.00 cu.m/s
0 sq m

0 sq m
sq m
14 sq m
779 sq m
0 sq m

0.0886 sq m

0.26 cu.m/s

7.21 cu.m/s

7.21 cu.m/s
7212 LPS
15275 CFM
1 - AL WADEEMA

15275
 STAIRWELL PRESSURIZATION CALCULATION FOR STAIRCASE 2 - AL W

FAN - SPF-2

I
a)

b)

c)
 STAIRWELL PRESSURIZATION CALCULATION FOR STAIRCASE 2 - AL W

FAN - SPF-2

d)
e)

II

a)

b)
 STAIRWELL PRESSURIZATION CALCULATION FOR STAIRCASE 2 - AL W

FAN - SPF-2

c)

d)

e)
f)
STAIRWELL PRESSURIZATION CALCULATION FOR STAIRCASE 2 - AL W

FAN - SPF-2
 STAIRWELL PRESSURIZATION CALCULATION FOR STAIRCASE 2 - AL WADEE

FAN - SPF-2

According to UAE FIRE AND SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE (Sec 23.2.2)

The flow velocity shall be attained when a combination of two doors from any two
successive stories and the main discharge door are fully open. Magnitude of the
velocity averaged over the full area of each door shall not be less than 1.0 m/s

DESCRIPTION
Total no.of floors
Total no.of doors
Total Stairwell wall area (Refer wall area calculation attached)
Total Exterior Building Wall Area
Total Windows Perimeter
Total Lift Well Wall Area
Total Lift Landing Doors Area

TOTAL AIR SUPPLY REQUIREMENT WITH ALL DOORS CLOSED (Qs)

Total Leakage through Closed Door gaps (Q dc)
Leakage area for Single Leaf opening into a pressurised space
Leakage area for all Single Leaf opening into a pressurised space (16 Nos)
Total Leakage through Door Gaps (Qdc) = 0.839 x A x sqrt (delta P)
{= 0.83 x 0.26 x sqrt (50)}
Total leakage Rate via gaps around Windows (Q wi)
Total leakage Area via gaps around Windows (A wi) @ 3.6 x 10-5 m2 per m Length

Total Leakage through Gaps around Windows (Qwi) = 0.839 x A x (delta P) 0.625

{= 0.83 x 0.0 x (50)0.625}

Total leakage rate via Lift Landing Doors (Q ld)
 STAIRWELL PRESSURIZATION CALCULATION FOR STAIRCASE 2 - AL WADEE

FAN - SPF-2
Total leakage rate via other areas containing machanical extraction system (Q t)

Total leakage rate via walls (Qwa)

Exterior Building Wall Area(Leakage area ratio A/A w=0.00021)
Internal and stair wall Area(Leakage area ratio A/Aw=0.00011)
Lift well wall Area(Leakage area ratio A/Aw=0.00084)
Total leakage Area via walls (Awa)
{= (0.00021x 13) + (0.00011 x 747) + (0.00084 x 0)}
Total Leakage through Walls (Qwa) = 0.839 x A x sqrt (delta P)
{= 0.83 x 0.0849 x sqrt (50)}
TOTAL AIR SUPPLY REQUIREMENT WITH ALL DOORS CLOSED (Qs =Qdc+Qwi+Qld+Qt+Qwa)

Considering 50% Safety for unidentified leakage areas

{ = 1.44 x 1.5}

TOTAL AIR SUPPLY REQUIREMENT WITH DOORS OPEN (Qsdo)

Total air flow needed through open door to prevent smoke infiltration into stairwell
(Qdo)
The total no of doors considered open
(Fire Affected Floor, Above Floor and Door on Ground Floor)
Velocity of air through open Stairwell door to prevent smoke infiltration into Stairwell

Considering 3 open doors, Door area

{ = 1 x 2.2 x 3 }
Total air flow needed through open door to prevent smoke infiltration into stairwell

{ = 1 x 6.6 }

Total Leakage through Closed Door gaps (Q dc)

 STAIRWELL PRESSURIZATION CALCULATION FOR STAIRCASE 2 - AL WADEE

FAN - SPF-2
Leakage area for Single Leaf opening into a pressurised space
Leakage area for all Single Leaf opening into a pressurised space (13 Nos)
Total Leakage through Closed Door Gaps (Q dc) = 0.839 x A x sqrt (delta P)
{= 0.839 x 0.13 x sqrt (12.5)}

Total leakage Rate via gaps around Windows (Q wi)

Total leakage Area via gaps around Windows (A wi) @ 3.6 x 10-5 m2 per m Length

Total Leakage through Gaps around Windows (Qwi) = 0.839 x A x (delta P) 0.625

{= 0.83 x 0.0 x (12.5)0.625}

Total leakage rate via Lift Landing Doors (Q ld)
Total leakage rate via other areas containing machanical extraction system (Q t)

Total leakage rate via walls (Qwa)

Exterior Building Wall Area(Leakage area ratio A/A w=0.00021)
Internal and stair wall Area(Leakage area ratio A/Aw=0.00011)
Lift well wall Area(Leakage area ratio A/Aw=0.00084)
Total leakage Area via walls (Awa)
{= (0.00021x 13) + (0.00011 x 747) + (0.00084 x 0)}
Total Leakage through Walls (Qwa) = 0.839 x A x sqrt (delta P)
{= 0.83 x 0.0849 x sqrt (12.5)}

TOTAL AIR SUPPLY REQUIREMENT WITH ALL DOORS OPENED (Qsdo

=Qdo+Qdc+Qwi+Qld+Qt+Qwa)

Since Qsdo is Greater than Qs, Qsdo is selected for Fan Selection

{ = 7.23 x 1000 }
{ = 7231x 2.118 }
 STAIRWELL PRESSURIZATION CALCULATION FOR STAIRCASE 2 - AL WADEE

FAN - SPF-2

STAIRWELL PRESSURISATION FAN CFM SELECTED

2 - AL WADEEMA

Calculation Unit
14 Nos
16 Nos
746.63 sq m
13.00 sq m
0.00 m
0.00 sq m
0.00 sq m

0.01 sq m
0.16 sq m

0.94 cu.m/s

0.0000 sq m

0.00 cu.m/s
0 sq m
2 - AL WADEEMA

0 sq m
sq m
13 sq m
747 sq m
sq m

0.0849 sq m

0.50 cu.m/s

1.44 cu.m/s

2.156 cu.m/s

3 Nos

1.00 m/s

6.60 sq.m

6.60 cu.m/s
2 - AL WADEEMA

0.01 sq m
0.13 sq m

0.38 cu.m/s

0.0000 sq m

0.00 cu.m/s
0 sq m

0 sq m
sq m
13 sq m
747 sq m
0 sq m

0.0849 sq m

0.25 cu.m/s

7.23 cu.m/s

7.23 cu.m/s
7231 LPS
15314 CFM
2 - AL WADEEMA

15314
 WADEEMA - STAIRCASE INNER WALL AREA
STAIRWALL AREA

SR NO FLOOR STAIRWALL DOOR

LENGTH WIDTH HEIGHT AREA HEIGHT WIDTH QTY AREA

1 STAIRCASE-01 5500 2500 49820 810.87 2100 1000 15 31.50

2 STAIRCASE-02 5200 2500 49820 780.23 2100 1000 16 33.60

EXTERNAL WALL AREA

SR NO FLOOR STAIRWALL DOOR

LENGTH WIDTH AREA LENGTH WIDTH AREA

1 STAIRCASE-01 5500 2500 13.75

2 STAIRCASE-02 5200 2500 13.00

 STAIRWELL PRESSURISATION - DOOR OPENING FORCE & VENT AREA
REQUIREMENT (WADEEMA)
As per BS 5588-4:1998: The maximum pressure differential across a door opening into a pressurised space is
determined using the following equation:

2(Fo - Fdc) x (W-D)

P =
AxW
Where
P is the pressure difference across the door (in Pa)
Fo is the force needed to open the door against the differential pressure

Fdc is the force required to open the door without a pressure differential applied
across the door. E.g. The door closer mechanism etc (in N)
W is the width of the door (in M)
A is the area of cross section of the door (in m
d is the distance from the door knob to the knob side of the door (in m)

If at design stage, the force required to overcome the door closer is unknown, a maximum pressure differential of
60 Pa may be utilised for design purpose.

I STAIRCASE -01

Total Supply Air 7.21

Total Leakage Area 0.24

ΔP (Q/(0.839 X A))2
1297.79

P - 1297.79
Fdc - Unknown
W - 1
A - 2.2
d - 0.1

Fo = (P x A x W)
2 x (W-d)

(1298 x 2.2 x 1)
=
2 x (1 - 0.1)
1586

The permissible limit to door opening force as per BS 5588-4:1998 is 100N

Since the calculated value of Fo = 1586 N is greater than the permissible limit Relief Vents are required for this
system
(Qsdo - Qs)
A =
(0.83 X 601/2)
Qsdo = 7.21
Qs = 1.40

A 0.904

II STAIRCASE -02

Total Supply Air 7.23

 Total Leakage Area 0.24

ΔP (Q/(0.839 X A))2
1238.74

P - 1238.74
Fdc - Unknown
W - 1
A - 2.2
d - 0.1

Fo = (P x A x W)
2 x (W-d)

(1239 x 2.2 x 1)
=
2 x (1 - 0.1)
1514

The permissible limit to door opening force as per BS 5588-4:1998 is 100N

Since the calculated value of Fo = 1514 N is greater than the permissible limit Relief Vents are required for this
system
(Qsdo - Qs)
A =
(0.83 X 601/2)
Qsdo = 7.23
Qs = 1.44

A 0.901
ATION - DOOR OPENING FORCE & VENT AREA
QUIREMENT (WADEEMA)
pressure differential across a door opening into a pressurised space is
:

ssure difference across the door (in Pa)

ce needed to open the door against the differential pressure
ce required to open the door without a pressure differential applied
e door. E.g. The door closer mechanism etc (in N)
th of the door (in M)
a of cross section of the door (in m2)
tance from the door knob to the knob side of the door (in m)

overcome the door closer is unknown, a maximum pressure differential of

e.

m3/s
m2

Pa

Pa

m
m2
m

rce as per BS 5588-4:1998 is 100N

N is greater than the permissible limit Relief Vents are required for this

m3/s
m3/s

Sqmt

m3/s
 m2

Pa

Pa

m
m2
m

rce as per BS 5588-4:1998 is 100N

N is greater than the permissible limit Relief Vents are required for this

m3/s
m3/s

Sqmt