Combustion Test Observations Inferences Burn a few drops on a Test Burns with a clear non-smoky Observations Low carbon-to-hydrogen Inferences crucible lid Add to water flame form Two layers Either no OH ratio group; or if an Burns with a smoky flame High carbon-to-hydrogen alcohol or acid it has a high molar mass (at ratio least 4 carbon Solubility in water and pH test atoms) It dissolves fully Forms hydrogen bonds with water, so has OH group Add litmus or universal Litmus paper goes red It is an acid indicator UI solution goes green It is a neutral substance (not an acid)
Test for alkenes
Test Observations Inferences Add some bromine water to Brown bromine water C=C group present the unknown solution – goes colourless stopper the test tube and And two layers are shake carefully formed
Test for halogenoalkanes
Test Observations Inferences Shake a few drops of the Two layers form unknown with water Add a few drops