BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

OFFICE OF THE CHIEF GENERAL MANAGER, T&D CIRCLE, SANCHAR VIKAS BHAVAN,
JABALPUR-482001 (MP)

ENGINEERING INSTRUCTIONS

ACCEPTANCE TESTING OF BTS IN GSM ERICSSON

[EI No.: - ELECTORNIC SWITCHING/ GSM/ AT – 002]

1.0 SCOPE

This Engineering Instruction describes about acceptance testing procedure of GSM BTS
of Ericsson.

2.0 GENERAL

The BTS (Base Transceiver Station) is the Radio or Air-interface with mobile phone on
move (Subscriber’s Mobile Set) to log on to the network enabling the Calling Subscribers
to be switched to the Called party through BSC & MSC.

The Access method used is FDMA/TDMA. The directional antenna is either dual
polarised or single cross polarised. To complete the function, software is playing the
dominant roll and as such most of the tests are derived from software information rather
than actual measurement except the output power of the Transmitter and VSWR of the
feeder wave-guide. Besides these, Hardware conformity, physical verification of the
equipment, installation and layout, Infrastructure of the site is incorporated in the Test-
Schedule.

3.0 PRE-REQUISITE OF TEST

The site-specific document containing the BTS site hardware and software details,
approved layout details, etc. shall be available at site prior to testing. Check that BTS
Equipment hardware has been installed perfectly in all respect.

4.0 MEASURING INSTRUMENT REQUIRED

(i) Digital Multimeter,

(ii) Site-master with accessories,
(iii) OMT,
(iv) TEMS (Test Engineering Mobile Set).

5.0 TEST PROCEDURE

The testing of the GSM BTS consists of testing of BTS equipment and testing of the
infrastructure provided for the BTS viz. Power Plant, Battery, Tower, Earthing, Engine
Alternator, Fire detection/fighting system, media, anti-static flooring, etc. The scope of
this EI is limited to the testing of BTS equipment only. The testing of the infrastructure
shall be carried in accordance with the relevant test schedule of T&D Circle.

5.1 Site Details (General)

 TECHNICAL & DEVELOPMENT CIRCLE
ENGINEERING INSTRUCTION
ACCEPTANCE TESTING OF BTS IN GSM ERICSSON

Check the Site ID, Name of the BTS-Site (whether BSNL or Non-BSNL), Location Area
and the Base-Station Identity Code (BSIC) by using TEMS phone and verify it from the
site document.

5.2 Site Details (Equipment)

Physical verification with respect to site specific document of the number of cabinet used
with serial no, Number of TRUS installed, Quantity and Type of Antenna (whether cross
or dual polarised and vertical or horizontal) are to be done and recorded in the Test-
Sheet. [21 dbi 30° cross-polarised Antenna used for High-Way BTS-Site and for City
BTS-Site it is 18 dbi ±45 vertical dual polarised Antenna].

Frequencies (ARFCN) used & Cell ID for Sector- I, II & III and Cell-ID also be noted from
TEMS and verified with site document.

5.3 Voltage Drop

The difference between the Battery terminal voltage and voltage available at BTS input
should be less than 1 Volt.

5.4 Documents Provided

BTS document should be readily available at the BTS-Site. SACFA clearance also shall
be provided for the frequencies used at the site.

5.5 Location, Alignment & Rigidity

Check that the equipment is installed at the location shown in approved lay-out plan and
rigidity as well as alignment of Equipment. Also check that sufficient space is available
for BTS cabinet door movement.

5.6 Hardware And Software Conformity Check

Check the BTS Hardware and Software conformity as per site-specific document
physically and by OMT respectively.

5.7 Cable Laying And Termination

Check that the power cables and PCM cables are neatly laid, terminated and labeled as
per the site document. The power cables shall be provided through fuses/circuit
breakers. The DDF should be properly installed and neatly labeled.

5.8 Redundancy Test of PSU

PSUs (Power Supply Units) are four in numbers and work in load sharing mode and also
provides redundancy for cabinet-load. Even, more than one PSU may be switched off
depending upon the number of TRU used, the system should not fail. Rotationally all

[EI No.: - ELECTORNIC SWITCHING/ GSM / AT – 002]

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 TECHNICAL & DEVELOPMENT CIRCLE
ENGINEERING INSTRUCTION
ACCEPTANCE TESTING OF BTS IN GSM ERICSSON

PSU one at a time may be switched off and on, check that BTS functioning is not
affected.

5.9 Initialisation and Self-Diagnostic Test

The restart and recovery function is used to determine whether a unit is capable of being
brought into operation by itself through initialisation. The BTS under normal operation
should be switched OFF and then ON. The BTS on power ON first carries out self-
diagnostic and then carries out the software initialisation. The normal BTS operation
shall be restored within five minutes approx.

Also verify the function of the ‘CPU RESET’ button to reset all the sub-units of the BTS
and the BTS shall function normally.

5.10 Alarm Test

The alarm test in BTS consists of two parts (1) System Alarm tests and (2) Infrastructure
Alarm tests.

5.10.1 System Alarm Test

In BTS, a number of system alarms can be generated. Whenever a system alarm

condition exists, the ‘FAULT’ LED on the concerned unit, for e.g. DXU, CDU, ECU and
PSU, glows and a corresponding alarm message occurs in the MSC. The alarm can be
simulated by (1) disconnecting E-1 link for DXU, (2) by disconnecting the wave guide for
CDU, (3) by switching off all the fans for ECU and (4) Switching off Power supply for
PSU.

On simulation of the above alarms, verify that the ‘FAULT’ LED of the concerned unit
glows. Also verify that ‘BS’ LED located on DXU, indicating occurrence of any fault in the
base station, is lighted. The alarm text message corresponding to the simulation should
be available in the MSC. Remove the alarm simulation and verify that alarm LEDs goes
OFF and alarm message is cleared.

5.10.2 Infrastructure Alarm Test

The BTS can collect, interpret and display sixteen numbers of External Alarms. Some of
these alarms are Mains fail alarm, Fire alarm, Temp. Alarm, Door Alarm, etc. These
alarms have designated terminals at the alarm collection point and can be simulated by
giving proper alarm signal. Simulate External Alarm points and verify that the
corresponding alarm text appears along with glowing of ‘EXTN’ LED on DXU.

5.11 Transmitter O/P Power Measurement/Control

Connect OMT on RS.232 port of DXU. The TX power can be set in the range of +30dbm
to +45 dbm and the same can be verified at the TX output by Site-master or power-
meter.

[EI No.: - ELECTORNIC SWITCHING/ GSM / AT – 002]

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 TECHNICAL & DEVELOPMENT CIRCLE
ENGINEERING INSTRUCTION
ACCEPTANCE TESTING OF BTS IN GSM ERICSSON

5.12 Antenna & Feeder Test

Following tests are carried on the wave guide and the antenna.

5.12.1 Laying Of Feeder Wave guide

The feeder wave-guide should be neatly laid over the runway with proper clamps and it
should be taken out of the equipment room through a water protected ROXTEK wall pit.
The wave-guide should not sharp bending.

5.12.2 Protection & Sealing Of Wave guide

The wave-guides shall be protected from damage by External elements outside the
building. This can be done by providing iron-mesh over the wave-guides along the
Runway. The antenna coupling of the wave-guides shall be properly sealed to prevent
ingress of moisture, which may affect the VSWR, and thereby the coverage provided by
the BTS.

5.12.3 Labeling of Wave guide

Proper labeling is to be done on wave guide to identify the TRU and Antenna related to
it.

5.12.4 Earthing Of Feeder Wave guide

Earthing at top and bottom of vertical part of the wave-guide to be checked. In horizontal
part if it is more than 50 meter along the Runway. Earthing is to be done with bare
copper cable connected to tower.

5.12.5 VSWR Measurement

The Site-master (VSWR measuring instrument) is calibrated for 890 MHz – 960 MHz
range and the feeder under test is disconnected from CDU and connected to the Test
port. The measured value should be better than 1.3

5.13 Tower Test

The tower on which the antennae are mounted form a critical infrastructure component of
the BTS site. If the tower is new, all tests of new tower as prescribed by T&D Circle test
schedule should be conducted and cleared.
If the tower exists, verify that all the legs of the tower are properly connected to the ring
earth. The tower should have lightening spike, which shall be connected to the earth
through a separate copper cable.

5.14 Tower Mounted Amplifier (Where Ever Applicable)

The TMA (Tower Mounted Amplifier) is used for high power transmission in highway
BTS-site. Required voltage for the Amplifier is supplied by the bias-injector. Healthy

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 TECHNICAL & DEVELOPMENT CIRCLE
ENGINEERING INSTRUCTION
ACCEPTANCE TESTING OF BTS IN GSM ERICSSON

condition of the TMA is indicated by the Green-lamp on control-module installed near to

the Bay.

5.15 MINILINK 15GHz Digital M/W System Test (Where Ever Applicable)

In some cases the BTS – BSC 2 Mbps media connectivity may be provided through
Minilink of M/s. Ericsson, which is a 15GHz Digital Microwave system. The test for the
same is required to be taken as per approved survey report and digital microwave test
schedule covering following main items.

a. Trans Power (as per specification of manufacturer).

b. Receive Power (as per survey report).
c. Trans frequency (as assigned for the link).
d. 2 Mbps check (as per G-703).
e. Stability test.
f. VSWR of the feeder cable.

5.16 Call Test

5.16.1 Calls For Cell Id

Establish a call with the help of TEMS in the BTS coverage area, Cell ID can be checked
and by shutdown of the TRU concerned to the Cell of the particular sector this
information can be confirmed. This operation should be repeated for each sector.

5.16.2 Intra-BTS Call Handover Test

After establishing a call with the help of TEMS in a particular cell it is to observe that the
call does not drop while moving around BTS with smooth hand-over of the call from one
cell to other cell of the BTS. Change of cell can be confirmed by the change of ARFCN
and Cell ID of the Cell.

5.16.3 Calls to PSTN/PLMN

A number of calls to PSTN & other PLMN may be established by TEMS and quality of
speech may be checked and noted in the test sheet.

6.0 CONCLUSION
7.0
The EI describes the testing procedure for BTS of M/s. Ericsson. The infrastructure
provided for BTS plays an equal important role in successful and continuous functioning
of the BTS and therefore should be tested. Any discrepancies observed during testing
should be brought to the notice of installer for rectification.

END

Chief General Manager

Technical & Development Circle
Jabalpur- 482001

[EI No.: - ELECTORNIC SWITCHING/ GSM / AT – 002]

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