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Books written by Shivprasad Koirala
-- .NET Interview questions
-- SQL Server Interview questions
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can get it from www.questpond.com as free download)
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.NET Interview Questions

Sample book
(Including SQL Server,UML,Architecture,ProjectManagement ,
ASP.NET 2.0 , Sample project ,XMLand General Interview
Questions )
Do not forget that database is also important. Buy my SQLServer
Interview questions to crack any database relatedquestions.
From the Author
First thing thanks to all those who have sent me complaints and also appreciation for what ever titlesi
have written till today. But interview question series is very near to my heart as i can understandthe pain of
searching a job. Thanks to my publishers (BPB) , readers and reviewers to always excuseall my stupid things
which i always do.
So why is this PDF free ?. Well i always wanted to distribute things for free specially when its ainterview
question book which can fetch a job for a developer. But i am also bounded with publish-ers rules and
regulations. And why not they have a whole team of editor, printing guys, designers,distributors, shopkeepers
and including me. But again the other aspect, readers should know of whatthey are buying , the quality and is
it really useful to buy this book. So here are sample free ques-tions which i am giving out free to the readers to
see the worth of the book.
I can be contacted at shiv_koirala@yahoo.com its bit difficult to answer all answers but as i get timei do
it.
We have recently started a career counselling drive absolutely free for new comers and experiencedguys.
So i have enlisted the following guys on the panel. Thanks to all these guys to accept the paneljob of
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always turned up to them when i had some serious career decision to take.Shivprasad Koirala :- Not a great
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Career Path Institute

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So want to join my small institute then call me at 9892966515. Please note currently its onlyfrom
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www.questpond.com

Contents

How to buy the book...................................................................67

From the Author.........................................................................70

Career Path Institute..................................................................71

Introduction.................................................................................85
Software Company hierarchy.............................................................................................................89

Resume Preparation Guidelines.........................................................................................................91

Salary Negotiation..............................................................................................................................93

Points to remember.............................................................................................................................95

1. Basic .NET Framework..........................................................98

What is a IL?......................................................................................................................................98

Twist :- What is MSIL or CIL , What is JIT?.....................................................................................98

What is a CLR?..................................................................................................................................98

What is a CTS?...................................................................................................................................98

What is a CLS(Common Language Specification)?...........................................................................99

What is a Managed Code?..................................................................................................................99

What is a Assembly?..........................................................................................................................99

What are the different types of Assembly?......................................................................................100

What is NameSpace?.......................................................................................................................100

What is Difference between NameSpace and Assembly?...............................................................100

If you want to view a Assembly how do you go about it ?..............................................................100

Twist : What is ILDASM ?................................................................................................................100

What is Manifest?............................................................................................................................102

Where is version information stored of an assembly ?.....................................................................103

Is versioning applicable to private assemblies?...............................................................................103

What is GAC ?.................................................................................................................................103

Twist :- What are situations when you register .NET assembly in GAC ?.......................................103

What is the concept of strong names ?............................................................................................103

Twist :- How do we generate strong names or what is the process of generating strong names, Whatis use the
of SN.EXE , How do we apply strong names to assembly, How do you sign an assem-
bly?.............................................................................................................................................103

How to add and remove an assembly from GAC?...........................................................................107

What is Delay signing ?...................................................................................................................108

What is garbage collection?..............................................................................................................109

Can we force garbage collector to run ?..........................................................................................109

What is reflection?............................................................................................................................109

What are different types of JIT ?.....................................................................................................110

What are Value types and Reference types ?...................................................................................111

What is concept of Boxing and Unboxing ?....................................................................................111

What is the difference between VB.NET and C# ?.........................................................................112

What is the difference between System exceptions and Application exceptions?...........................113

What is CODE Access security?......................................................................................................113

What is a satellite assembly?............................................................................................................114

How to prevent my .NET DLL to be decompiled?...........................................................................114

What is the difference between Convert.toString and .toString() method ?...................................114

What is Native Image Generator (Ngen.exe)?.................................................................................115

We have two version of the same assembly in GAC? I want my client to make choice of whichassembly to
choose?...................................................................................................................116

What is CodeDom?...........................................................................................................................124

2..NET Interoperability............................................................128
How can we use COM Components in .NET?..............................................................................128

Twist : What is RCW ?......................................................................................................................128

Once I have developed the COM wrapper do I have to still register the COM in registry?...........129

How can we use .NET components in COM?..................................................................................129

Twist :- What is CCW (COM callable wrapper) ?, What caution needs to be taken in order that
.NETcomponents is compatible with COM ?......................................................................................129

How can we make Windows API calls in .NET?.............................................................................132

When we use windows API in .NET is it managed or unmanaged code ?.......................................134

What is COM ?.................................................................................................................................134

What is Reference counting in COM ?............................................................................................134

Can you describe IUKNOWN interface in short ?..........................................................................134

Can you explain what is DCOM ?....................................................................................................135

How do we create DCOM object in VB6?.......................................................................................136

How to implement DTC in .NET ?...................................................................................................136

How many types of Transactions are there in COM + .NET ?........................................................138

How do you do object pooling in .NET ?.........................................................................................139

What are types of compatibility in VB6?.........................................................................................140

What is equivalent for regsvr32 exe in .NET ?................................................................................141

3. Threading..............................................................................142
What is Multi-tasking ?....................................................................................................................142

What is Multi-threading ?.................................................................................................................142

What is a Thread ?............................................................................................................................142

Did VB6 support multi-threading ?..................................................................................................142

Can we have multiple threads in one App domain ?........................................................................142

Which namespace has threading ?....................................................................................................142

Can you explain in brief how can we implement threading ?..........................................................142

How can we change priority and what the levels of priority are provided by .NET ?.....................143

What does AddressOf operator do in background ?.........................................................................144

How can you reference current thread of the method ?....................................................................144

What's Thread.Sleep() in threading ?..............................................................................................144

How can we make a thread sleep for infinite period ?.....................................................................144

What is Suspend and Resume in Threading ?.................................................................................144

What the way to stop a long running thread ?..................................................................................145

How do I debug thread ?.................................................................................................................145

What is Thread.Join() in threading ?................................................................................................146

What are Daemon threads and how can a thread be created as Daemon?.......................................146

When working with shared data in threading how do you implement synchronization ?..............146

Can we use events with threading ?.................................................................................................147

How can we know a state of a thread?.............................................................................................147

What is a monitor object?................................................................................................................147

What are wait handles ?...................................................................................................................148

Twist :- What is a mutex object ?......................................................................................................148

What is ManualResetEvent and AutoResetEvent ?.......................................................................148

What is ReaderWriter Locks ?.........................................................................................................148

How can you avoid deadlock in threading?....................................................................................149

What is the difference between thread and process?.......................................................................149

4. Remoting and Webservices..................................................150

What is an application domain?.......................................................................................................150
What is .NET Remoting ?................................................................................................................150

Which class does the remote object has to inherit ?........................................................................151

What are two different types of remote object creation mode in .NET ?........................................151

Describe in detail Basic of SAO architecture of Remoting?...........................................................151

What are the situations you will use singleton architecture in remoting ?.....................................156

What is fundamental of published or precreated objects in Remoting ?.........................................156

What are the ways in which client can create object on server in CAO model ?............................156

Are CAO stateful in nature ?...........................................................................................................157

In CAO model when we want client objects to be created by “NEW” keyword is there any precau-tions to be
taken ?.......................................................................................................................157

Is it a good design practice to distribute the implementation to Remoting Client ?.......................158

What are LeaseTime, SponsorshipTime, RenewonCallTime and LeaseManagerPollTime?..........158

Which config file has all the supported channels/protocol ?...........................................................159

How can you specify remoting parameters using Config files ?.....................................................160

Can Non-Default constructors be used with Single Call SAO?......................................................162

Twist :- What are the limitation of constructors for Single call SAO ?...........................................162

How can we call methods in remoting Asynchronously ?..............................................................163

What is Asynchronous One-Way Calls ?.........................................................................................163

What is marshalling and what are different kinds of marshalling ?................................................163

What is ObjRef object in remoting ?...............................................................................................164

What is a Web Service ?..................................................................................................................164

What is UDDI ?...............................................................................................................................165

What is DISCO ?.............................................................................................................................165

What is WSDL?...............................................................................................................................165

What the different phase/steps of acquiring a proxy object in Webservice ?..................................165

Following are the different steps needed to get a proxy object of a webservice at the client side :-165

What is file extension of Webservices ?..........................................................................................166

Which attribute is used in order that the method can be used as WebService ?...............................167
What are the steps to create a webservice and consume it ?...........................................................167

Do webservice have state ?..............................................................................................................176

5. Caching Concepts.................................................................178
What is an application object ?.......................................................................................................178

What’s the difference between Cache object and application object ?............................................178

How can get access to cache object ?...............................................................................................178

What are dependencies in cache and types of dependencies ?.........................................................178

Can you show a simple code showing file dependency in cache ?..................................................179

What is Cache Callback in Cache ?.................................................................................................179

What is scavenging ?.......................................................................................................................180

What are different types of caching using cache object of ASP.NET?............................................180

How can you cache different version of same page using ASP.NET cache object ?......................180

How will implement Page Fragment Caching ?..............................................................................181

What are ASP.NET session and compare ASP.NET session with classic ASP session variables?181

Which various modes of storing ASP.NET session ?......................................................................181

Is Session_End event supported in all session modes ?..................................................................182

What are the precautions you will take in order that StateServer Mode work properly ?..............182

What are the precautions you will take in order that SQLSERVER Mode work properly ?..........182

Where do you specify session state mode in ASP.NET ?................................................................183

What are the other ways you can maintain state ?...........................................................................183

What are benefits and Limitation of using Hidden fields ?.............................................................183

What is ViewState ?.........................................................................................................................184

Does the performance for viewstate vary according to User controls ?.........................................184

What are benefits and Limitation of using Viewstate for state management?................................184

How can you use Hidden frames to cache client data ?..................................................................185

What are benefits and limitations of using Hidden frames?............................................................185

What are benefits and limitations of using Cookies?......................................................................186

What is Query String and What are benefits and limitations of using Query Strings?...................186

6. OOPS.....................................................................................200
What is Object Oriented Programming ?........................................................................................200

What’s a Class ?...............................................................................................................................200

What’s an Object ?...........................................................................................................................200

What is the relation between Classes and Objects ?........................................................................200

What are different properties provided by Object-oriented systems ?............................................200

Twist :- Can you explain different properties of Object Oriented Systems?....................................200

Note:- Difference between abstraction and encapsulation is one of the favorite interview questionand quiet
confusing as both the terminology look alike. Best is if you can brainstorm with yourfriends or do a little
reading.......................................................................................................200

Twist :- What is difference between Association, Aggregation and Inheritance relationships?......201

How can we acheive inheritance in VB.NET ?...............................................................................202

What are abstract classes ?..............................................................................................................203

What is a Interface ?........................................................................................................................205

What is difference between abstract classes and interfaces?...........................................................207

What is a delegate ?.........................................................................................................................207

What are events ?.............................................................................................................................208

Do events have return type ?...........................................................................................................210

Can event’s have access modifiers ?...............................................................................................210

Can we have shared events ?...........................................................................................................210

What is shadowing ?........................................................................................................................210

What is the difference between Shadowing and Overriding ?.......................................................211

What is the difference between delegate and events?.....................................................................211

If we inherit a class do the private variables also get inherited ?....................................................212

What are the different accessibility levels defined in .NET ?.........................................................212

Can you prevent a class from overriding ?......................................................................................212

What is the use of “MustInherit” keyword in VB.NET ?................................................................212

Do interface have accessibility modifier?.......................................................................................213

What are similarities between Class and structure ?.......................................................................213

What is the difference between Class and structure’s ?...................................................................213

What does virtual keyword mean ?.................................................................................................213

What are shared (VB.NET)/Static(C#) variables?..........................................................................213

What is Dispose method in .NET ?.................................................................................................215

What is the use of “OverRides” and “Overridable” keywords ?.....................................................215

Where are all .NET Collection classes located ?............................................................................215

What is ArrayList ?..........................................................................................................................216

What’s a HashTable ?......................................................................................................................216

Twist :- What’s difference between HashTable and ArrayList ?.......................................................216

What are queues and stacks ?..........................................................................................................216

What is ENUM ?.............................................................................................................................216

What is nested Classes ?..................................................................................................................216

What is Operator Overloading in .NET?..........................................................................................217

In below sample code if we create a object of class2 which constructor will fire first ?................217

What is the significance of Finalize method in .NET?.....................................................................217

Why is it preferred to not use finalize for clean up?........................................................................218

How can we suppress a finalize method?.........................................................................................219

What is the use of DISPOSE method?.............................................................................................219

How do I force the Dispose method to be called automatically, as clients can forget to call
Disposemethod?......................................................................................................................................220

In what instances you will declare a constructor to be private?.......................................................220

Can we have different access modifiers on get/set methods of a property ?....................................221

If we write a goto or a return statement in try and catch block will the finally block execute ?....221

What is Indexer ?..............................................................................................................................221

Can we have static indexer in C# ?..................................................................................................221

In a program there are multiple catch blocks so can it happen that two catch blocks are executed ?221
What is the difference between System.String and System.StringBuilder classes?........................221

7. ASP.NET................................................................................222
What’ is the sequence in which ASP.NET events are processed ?..................................................222

In which event are the controls fully loaded ?.................................................................................222

How can we identify that the Page is PostBack ?...........................................................................222

How does ASP.NET maintain state in between subsequent request ?.............................................222

What is event bubbling ?.................................................................................................................222

How do we assign page specific attributes ?...................................................................................223

Administrator wants to make a security check that no one has tampered with ViewState, how can heensure
this ?................................................................................................................................223

What is the use of @ Register directives ?......................................................................................223

What’s the use of SmartNavigation property ?................................................................................223

What is AppSetting Section in “Web.Config” file ?........................................................................223

Where is ViewState information stored ?........................................................................................223

What is the use of @ OutputCache directive in ASP.NET?...........................................................224

How can we create custom controls in ASP.NET ?.........................................................................224

How many types of validation controls are provided by ASP.NET ?..............................................224

Can you explain what is “AutoPostBack” feature in ASP.NET ?...................................................225

How can you enable automatic paging in DataGrid ?.....................................................................225

What’s the use of “GLOBAL.ASAX” file ?....................................................................................225

What is the difference between “Web.config” and “Machine.Config” ?........................................225

What is a SESSION and APPLICATION object ?..........................................................................226

What is the difference between Server.Transfer and response.Redirect ?.......................................226

What is the difference between Authentication and authorization?.................................................226

What is impersonation in ASP.NET ?..............................................................................................227

Can you explain in brief how the ASP.NET authentication process works?...................................227

What are the various ways of authentication techniques in ASP.NET?..........................................228

How does authorization work in ASP.NET?....................................................................................230

What’s difference between Datagrid, Datalist and repeater ?..........................................................231

From performance point of view how do they rate ?.......................................................................232

What is the method to customize columns in DataGrid?.................................................................232

How can we format data inside DataGrid?.......................................................................................232

How to decide on the design consideration to take a Datagrid, datalist or repeater ?....................232

Difference between ASP and ASP.NET?.........................................................................................232

What are major events in GLOBAL.ASAX file ?...........................................................................234

What order they are triggered ?.......................................................................................................235

Do session use cookies ?.................................................................................................................236

How can we force all the validation control to run ?.......................................................................236

How can we check if all the validation control are valid and proper ?............................................236

If client side validation is enabled in your Web page, does that mean server side code is not run?236

Which JavaScript file is referenced for validating the validators at the client side ?.......................236

How to disable client side script in validators?................................................................................237

How can I show the entire validation error message in a message box on the client side?.............237

You find that one of your validation is very complicated and does not fit in any of the validators,what will you
do ?......................................................................................................................237

What is Tracing in ASP.NET ?.........................................................................................................238

How do we enable tracing ?............................................................................................................238

What exactly happens when ASPX page is requested from Browser?............................................238

How can we kill a user session ?......................................................................................................242

How do you upload a file in ASP.NET ?..........................................................................................243

How do I send email message from ASP.NET ?..............................................................................243

What are different IIS isolation levels?............................................................................................243

ASP used STA threading model, what is the threading model used for ASP.NET ?........................245

What is the use of <%@ page aspcompat=true %> attribute ?......................................................245

Explain the differences between Server-side and Client-side code?................................................246

Can you explain Forms authentication in detail ?............................................................................246

How do I sign out in forms authentication ?....................................................................................248

If cookies are not enabled at browser end does form Authentication work?...................................248

How to use a checkbox in a datagrid?..............................................................................................248

What are the steps to create a windows service in VB.NET ?.........................................................249

What is the difference between “Web farms” and “Web garden”?.................................................250

How do we configure “WebGarden”?.............................................................................................253

What is the main difference between Gridlayout and FlowLayout ?...............................................256

8..NET Architecture..................................................................257
What are design patterns ?...............................................................................................................257

What is the difference between Factory and Abstract Factory Patterns?.........................................258

What is MVC pattern?......................................................................................................................261

Twist: - How can you implement MVC pattern in ASP.NET?...........................................................261

How can we implement singleton pattern in .NET?.........................................................................263

How do you implement prototype pattern in .NET?........................................................................264

Twist: - How to implement cloning in .NET ? What is shallow copy and deep copy ?....................264

What are the situations you will use a Web Service and Remoting in projects?..............................264

Can you give a practical implementation of FAÇADE patterns?.....................................................264

How can we implement observer pattern in .NET?........................................................................266

What is three tier architecture?.........................................................................................................266

Have you ever worked with Microsoft Application Blocks, if yes then which?..............................267

What is Service Oriented architecture?............................................................................................267

What are different ways you can pass data between tiers?..............................................................270

What is Windows DNA architecture?...............................................................................................270

What is aspect oriented programming?............................................................................................272

9. ADO.NET..............................................................................281
What is the namespace in which .NET has the data functionality classes ?...................................281
Can you give a overview of ADO.NET architecture ?....................................................................281

What are the two fundamental objects in ADO.NET ?....................................................................283

What is difference between dataset and datareader ?.......................................................................283

What are major difference between classic ADO and ADO.NET ?.................................................283

What is the use of connection object ?.............................................................................................283

What is the use of command objects and what are the methods provided by the command object ?284

What is the use of dataadapter ?.......................................................................................................284

What are basic methods of Dataadapter ?........................................................................................284

What is Dataset object?....................................................................................................................285

What are the various objects in Dataset ?.........................................................................................285

How can we connect to Microsoft Access , Foxpro , Oracle etc ?..................................................285

How do we connect to SQL SERVER, which namespace do we use ?...........................................286

How do we use stored procedure in ADO.NET and how do we provide parameters to the
storedprocedures?.................................................................................................................................291

How can we force the connection object to close after my datareader is closed ?.........................292

I want to force the datareader to return only schema of the datastore rather than data ?................292

How can we fine tune the command object when we are expecting a single row or a single value ?292

Which is the best place to store connectionstring in .NET projects ?.............................................292

What are the steps involved to fill a dataset ?................................................................................293

Twist :- How can we use dataadapter to fill a dataset ?..................................................................293

What are the various methods provided by the dataset object to generate XML?...........................294

How can we save all data from dataset ?.........................................................................................294

How can we check that some changes have been made to dataset since it was loaded ?...............295

Twist :- How can we cancel all changes done in dataset ? How do we get values which are changedin a
dataset ?..............................................................................................................................295

How can we add/remove row’s in “DataTable” object of “DataSet” ?...........................................295

What is basic use of “DataView” ?..................................................................................................296

What is the difference between “DataSet” and “DataReader” ?.....................................................297

Twist :- Why is DataSet slower than DataReader ?.........................................................................297

How can we load multiple tables in a DataSet ?.............................................................................297

How can we add relation’s between table in a DataSet ?................................................................298

What is the use of CommandBuilder ?............................................................................................298

What’s difference between “Optimistic” and “Pessimistic” locking ?............................................298

How many ways are there to implement locking in ADO.NET ?...................................................299

How can we perform transactions in .NET?....................................................................................299

What is difference between Dataset. clone and Dataset. copy ?......................................................300

Can you explain the difference between an ADO.NET Dataset and an ADO Recordset?...............300

..........................................................................................................................................................300

Explain in detail the fundamental of connection pooling?...............................................................301

What is Maximum Pool Size in ADO.NET Connection String?......................................................302

How to enable and disable connection pooling?..............................................................................302

10. SQL SERVER.....................................................................303

What is normalization? What are different types of normalization?...............................................303

What is denormalization ?................................................................................................................305

What is a candidate key ?.................................................................................................................306

What are the different types of joins? What is the difference between them ?...............................306

What are indexes? What is the difference between clustered and nonclustered indexes?...............307

How can you increase SQL performance ?......................................................................................307

What is the use of OLAP ?...............................................................................................................308

What is a measure in OLAP ?...........................................................................................................308

What are dimensions in OLAP ?......................................................................................................308

What are levels in dimensions ?.......................................................................................................309

What are fact tables and dimension tables in OLAP ?.....................................................................309

Twist :- Can you explain the star schema for OLAP ?.....................................................................309

What is DTS?....................................................................................................................................309

What is fillfactor ?............................................................................................................................309

Twist :- When does page split occurs ?............................................................................................309

What is RAID and how does it work ?.............................................................................................310

What is the difference between DELETE TABLE and TRUNCATE TABLE commands?.............311

What are the problems that can occur if you do not implement locking properly in SQL SERVER ?311

What are different transaction levels in SQL SERVER?..................................................................312

Twist :- What are different types of locks in SQL SERVER ?...........................................................312

What are the different locks in SQL SERVER ?..............................................................................313

Can we suggest locking hints to SQL SERVER ?............................................................................315

What is LOCK escalation?...............................................................................................................315

What are the different ways of moving data/databases between servers and databases in SQL Server?315

What are advantages of SQL 2000 over SQl 7.0 ?...........................................................................316

What is the difference between a HAVING CLAUSE and a WHERE CLAUSE?..........................317

What is the difference between UNION and UNION ALL SQL syntax ?......................................317

How can you raise custom errors from stored procedure ?..............................................................317

What is ACID fundamental? What are transactions in SQL SERVER ?.........................................319

What is DBCC?...............................................................................................................................320

What is the purpose of Replication ?...............................................................................................322

What are the different types of replication supported by SQL SERVER ?.....................................323

What is BCP utility in SQL SERVER ?...........................................................................................323

What are the different types of triggers in SQl SERVER 2000 ?.....................................................325

If we have multiple AFTER Triggers on table how can we define the sequence of the triggers ?..326

What is SQl injection ?.....................................................................................................................326

What is the difference between Stored Procedure (SP) and User Defined Function (UDF)?..........327

11. UML.....................................................................................342
What is UML?.................................................................................................................................342

How many types of diagrams are there in UML ?...........................................................................342

Twist :- Explain in short all types of diagrams in UML ?................................................................342

What are advantages of using UML?..............................................................................................344

Twist: - What is Modeling and why UML ?......................................................................................344

What is the sequence of UML diagrams in project?........................................................................344

Twist: - How did you implement UML in your project?...................................................................344

Just a small Twist: - Do I need all UML diagrams in a project?.....................................................345

Give a small brief explanation of all Elements in activity diagrams?..............................................349

Explain Different elements of a collaboration diagram ?................................................................351

Explain Component diagrams ?.......................................................................................................352

Explain all parts of a deployment diagram?....................................................................................354

Describe the various components in sequence diagrams?...............................................................356

What are the element in State Chart diagrams ?..............................................................................358

Describe different elements in Static Chart diagrams ?...................................................................360

Explain the different elements of a Use Case ?................................................................................362

Twist: - What is the difference between Activity and sequence diagrams?(I leave this to the readers)364

12. Project Management..........................................................365

What is project management?..........................................................................................................365

Is spending in IT projects constant through out the project?...........................................................365

Who is a stakeholder ?.....................................................................................................................366

Can you explain project life cycle ?................................................................................................366

Twist :- How many phases are there in software project ?...............................................................366

Are risk constant through out the project ?......................................................................................368

Can you explain different software development life cycles ?.........................................................369

Spiral Model.....................................................................................................................................371

What is triple constraint triangle in project management ?.............................................................372

What is a project baselines ?............................................................................................................373

What is effort variance?....................................................................................................................373

How is normally a project management plan document organized ?...............................................373

How do you estimate a project?.......................................................................................................373

What is CAR (Causal Analysis and Resolution)?............................................................................374

What is DAR (Decision Analysis and Resolution) ?.......................................................................374

What is a fish bone diagram ?.........................................................................................................374

Twist:- What is Ishikawa diagram ?.................................................................................................374

What is pareto principle ?................................................................................................................375

Twist :- What is 80/20 principle ?....................................................................................................376

How do you handle change request?................................................................................................376

What is internal change request?......................................................................................................376

What is difference between SITP and UTP in testing ?....................................................................376

What is the software you have used for project management?........................................................376

What are the metrics followed in project management?..................................................................377

Twist: - What metrics will you look at in order to see the project is moving successfully?.............377

You have people in your team who do not meet there deadlines or do not perform what are theactions you will
take ?................................................................................................................380

Twist :- Two of your resources have conflicts between them how would you sort it out ?...............380

What is black box testing and White box testing?.....................................................................380

What’s the difference between Unit testing, Assembly testing and Regression testing?................381

What is V model in testing?.............................................................................................................383

How do you start a project?..............................................................................................................386

How did you do resource allocations?..............................................................................................386

How will you do code reviews ?....................................................................................................386

What is CMMI?................................................................................................................................386

What are the five levels in CMMI?.................................................................................................386

What is continuous and staged representation?...............................................................................390

Can you explain the process areas?..................................................................................................394

What is SIX sigma?..........................................................................................................................412

What is DMAIC and DMADV ?......................................................................................................413

What are the various roles in Six Sigma implementation?...............................................................414

What are function points?.................................................................................................................415

Twist: - Define Elementary process in FPA?....................................................................................415

What are the different types of elementary process in FPA?............................................................415

What are the different elements in Functions points?......................................................................415

Can you explain in GSC and VAF in function points?....................................................................421

What are unadjusted function points and how is it calculated?.......................................................423

Can you explain steps in function points?........................................................................................424

What is the FP per day in your current company?...........................................................................424

Twist :- What is your company’s productivity factor ?.....................................................................424

Do you know Use Case points?........................................................................................................424

What is COCOMO I, COCOMOII and COCOMOIII?....................................................................424

What is SMC approach of estimation?............................................................................................424

How do you estimate maintenance project and change requests?....................................................425

13. XML.....................................................................................426
What is XML?..................................................................................................................................426

What is the version information in XML?.......................................................................................426

What is ROOT element in XML?.....................................................................................................426

If XML does not have closing tag will it work?...............................................................................426

Is XML case sensitive?.....................................................................................................................427

What is the difference between XML and HTML?..........................................................................427

Is XML meant to replace HTML?....................................................................................................427

Can you explain why your project needed XML?............................................................................427

What is DTD (Document Type definition)?.....................................................................................427

What is well formed XML?..............................................................................................................427

What is a valid XML?......................................................................................................................428

What is CDATA section in XML?....................................................................................................428

What is CSS?....................................................................................................................................428

What is XSL?....................................................................................................................................428

What is element and attributes in XML?..........................................................................................428

Which are the namespaces in .NET used for XML?........................................................................428

What are the standard ways of parsing XML document?................................................................428

In What scenarios will you use a DOM parser and SAX parser?....................................................433

How was XML handled during COM times?..................................................................................433

What is the main difference between MSML and .NET Framework XML classes?.......................433

What are the core functionalities in XML .NET framework? Can you explain in detail
thosefunctionalities?...........................................................................................................................433

What is XSLT?.................................................................................................................................434

Define XPATH?................................................................................................................................435

What is the concept of XPOINTER?................................................................................................435

What is an XMLReader Class?........................................................................................................436

What is XMLTextReader?................................................................................................................436

How do we access attributes using “XmlReader”?..........................................................................437

Explain simple Walk through of XmlReader ?................................................................................437

What does XmlValidatingReader class do?.....................................................................................440

14. Localization/Globalization.................................................441
What is Unicode and why was it introduced?..................................................................................441

Does .NET support UNICODE and how do you know it supports?................................................442

What’s the difference between localization and globalization?.......................................................442

What architecture decisions you should consider while planning for international software’s?.....443

How do we get the current culture of the environment in windows and ASP.NET?......................445

Which are the important namespaces during localization and globalization?................................448

What are resource files and how do we generate resource files?.....................................................449

Can resource file be in any other format other than resx extensions?.............................................450
How is resource files actually used in project?................................................................................450

How can we use Culture Auto in project?........................................................................................450

What are satellite assemblies?..........................................................................................................453

How do we generate Satellite assemblies?.......................................................................................453

What is AL.EXE and RESGEN.EXE?.............................................................................................453

What’s the use of resource manager class?......................................................................................455

What precautions do we need to take while deploying satellite assemblies?..................................455

Can we get a strongly typed resource class rather than using resource manager?...........................456

Can you explain the fundamentals of “GetGlobalResourceObject” and

“GetLocalResourceObject”functions?...............................................................................................................
....................459

Can we sign a satellite assembly?....................................................................................................459

Can you explain collation sequence in sql server?...........................................................................459

How do we define collation sequence for database and tables?.......................................................460

Can we change the order in a select query with a specified collation sequence?............................461

What are the best practices to be followed while implementing globalization and localization?....461

Why is the culture set to the current thread?....................................................................................463

15. Sample Projects...................................................................464

Approach to complete the projects...................................................................................................464

Address book....................................................................................................................................466

Mini-job site.....................................................................................................................................467

Chat application................................................................................................................................473

Reminder Application.......................................................................................................................474

Complete implementation of address book application...................................................................476

Use Case Document for address book application...........................................................................477

Estimation.........................................................................................................................................478

Assumption Sections........................................................................................................................481

Technical Design Document.............................................................................................................481

Overview..........................................................................................................................................481

Architecture approach......................................................................................................................481

ER Diagram......................................................................................................................................482

Database Layer.................................................................................................................................482

Business Layer..................................................................................................................................490

Presentation Layer............................................................................................................................494

Test plans..........................................................................................................................................499

Source code......................................................................................................................................501

16. Test Yourself........................................................................505

17. Free exams...........................................................................516

18. Pending Topics....................................................................517

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