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A B C D E

Borders of the Khanate of Bukhara before 1785 Borders of area presumably under Borders of Aral and the Khanate of Khiva
Tiumen’ Bukharan control (until 1815)
Borders of Özbek tribal principalities Borders of the Junghar state before 1758
Kazan’ (sometimes independent from Bukhara) Borders of Chahar Vilayat (disputed
Border between the Junghars and their vassals
between Timur Shah and Shah Murad)
I R E Expansion of the Khanate of Bukhara under in Eastern Turkestan
Kam a
M P Shah Murad Borders of Badakhshan (independent or
controlled by the Qataghans of Khulm)
Borders of the Qing Empire after 1758
E Borders of the Qajar principality in Merv
Borders of the Qazaq hordes
N until 1785 Lines of Russian fortifications along the border
1 A a
P r e s n o g o r ' k o v s k ya lini
1

lo
I Kuznetsk with the Qazaqs

Tob
Ufa Borders of the Durrani Empire after 1747
61

S Omsk y Qing military campaigns against the Junghars

S l i n i ya Borders of the Afsharid vassals of the

a
U s i n s kaya
Petropavlovsk Durrani (from 1796 – to the Qajars)
Samara Military campaigns of Shah Murad
U
R Borders of Iran under Zands Main area of the rebellion of Batïr Srïm

ya
Troitsk
Biysk

im
Borders of the Ura-Tübe principalilty Qazaq raids across the Russian border in the

lin i

I sh
(contested between Qoqand and Bukhara) mid-1770s

Irt
Saratov h

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Borders of Qarategin Chuguchak Dates of founding of new cities by the
(1767) Chinese
Borders of the Khanate of Qoqand
Orenburg Pavlodar
Ural’sk Ural

a ya
Russian punitive raids against Batïr Srïm
nbu r g
Borders of Tashkent “city state”
Raids of the rulers of Qunduz against
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Badakhshan

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4 Amul ha 17 9 9 Termez 4
96 Quchan – Fayzabad
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Sh a h Mashhad Shibergan Balkh Khulm Qunduz
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Semnan 8
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ur

AFSHARIDS ur
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(to 1794) I
H a r ir u d

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(to 1796) D U M P In d u s
R R A N I E
Q A J A R S (from 1795) Herat Kabul
A B C D E
© Yuri Bregel 2003

61
30. THE SECOND HALF OF THE 18TH CENTURY: BUKHARA, KHOREZM, QOQAND, THE QAZAQS, AND THE JUNGHARS