2017-2018

JSS MAHAVIDYAPEETHA
SRI JAYACHAMARAJENDRA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
(AUTONOMOUS), MYSURU-570006

ENERGY BASED AUDITING

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the academic event in
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

USN Name Roll Number

4JC14EC022 BENAKA R 09
4JC14EC036 GUNA CHANDAN 14
4JC14EC126 YAHYA SHARIFF 55
4JC14EC407 LOKESHA M 61

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Dr. N M Renukappa
Professor
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING,
SJCE, MYSURU-570006

1
ABSTRACT
An energy audit is an inspection of energy flow for energy conservation in a home,
industry or system to reduce the amount of energy input into the system without negatively
affecting the output(s).The energy audit focuses mainly on the equipment energy consumption,
such as washing machine, air conditioner, electrical devices, lighting system, and elevators, etc.
The methodology of energy auditing is measuring the voltage, current, power and reactive power,
etc and many other parameters of the electrical devices. All these parameters are sent to the cloud
using wireless technology which stores it for data and analysis purpose.

The energy audit was carried out on the lighting system and air conditioning system,
the systems consuming 25% and 56% of total electrical energy and the equipment were found to
be operating at low energy efficiency. Failure to switch off electrical equipment even when not
required being in operation, absence of switch signage’s, inadequate effective control systems, low
efficient equipments and systems were identified to be the major causes of energy losses and
wastes in the buildings. To improve the electrical energy performance in buildings, an enhanced
level of awareness to reduce energy waste, the use of efficient equipment and control systems is
found to be the most effective energy efficiency measures strategy to improve the system
efficiency in the buildings. The benefits of implementing the energy efficiency measures in
buildings are substantial both in terms of energy savings and cost savings.

2
 PAGE NO
i. PROBLEM DEFINITION………………………………………..4
ii. INTRODUCTION………………………………………….……..5
iii. BLOCK DIAGRAM……………………………………………...6
iv. APPLICATIONS………………………………………………....7
v. LITERATURE SURVEY…………………………………...…....8
vi. HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS……..…..10
vii. REFERENCES………………………………………………...…11

3
PROBLEM DEFINITION

4
INTRODUCTION

The energy process is an organized approach to identify energy waste in a facility,

determining how this waste can be eliminated at a reasonable cost with a suitable time frame.
Energy audit is widely used and many have different meaning depending on energy service
companies. Energy auditing of a building can range from a short a walk through of the facility to
a detailed analysis. It is not only serves to identify energy use among the various services and to
identify opportunities for energy conservation but it is also a crucial first step in establishing an
energy management program. The audit will produce the data on which such a program is based.
The study should reveal to the owner, manager, or management team of the building the options
available for reducing energy waste, the costs involved, and the benefits achievable from
implementing those energy-conserving opportunities (ECOs).
This type of audit is the most comprehensive and time-consuming type of energy audit.
This includes the use of instruments to measure the energy use of whole building and energy
systems within the building. Detailed energy audits also use the sophisticated computer simulation
programs to evaluate and recommend the energy retrofits for the facility. The audit discusses in
this paper is carried out in aim of analyzing and identifying possible energy saving measures,
which can be implemented in a department.
This effort will help the department to reduce their monthly electrical energy
consumption thus reducing the cost of production. The total energy survey is conducted by means
of onsite inspections, measurements, questions and discussions with the maintenance staff. Energy
consumption data have been logged over a period of time at the main supply and in identified main
equipments in the factory. This energy analysis contains valuable information such as energy
consumption patterns of the department and the identification of high energy intense equipments,
possible energy saving measures and cost benefit analysis of energy saving measures.

5
BLOCK DIAGRAM

6
LITERATURE SURVEY
Energy audit is an approach to reconcile energy input with use so as to have an informed
decision during energy management. It’s an approach that tries to balance the inputs with the use,
and helps to identify the energy utilities and streams in the organization. The energy 11
conservation act, 2001, defines energy Audit as; ‘The verification, monitoring and analysis of use
of energy…for improving energy efficiency with cost benefit analysis and an action plan to reduce
energy consumption.’ Among other operating expenses energy systems have the highest potential
to save running costs in an industry. Thus this is the area of focus for reducing operating expenses.
Therefore energy audit is a useful tool for energy management as it identifies areas where savings
can be realized and it gives an action plan on how the industries can operate at optimum efficiency.
It provides a benchmark for energy management and also it’s the basis for an effective use as it
identifies energy wastages and how those can be removed out of the system.
There are two types of energy audit. a. Preliminary Audit: This is a fast approach that uses
easily accessed existing data to establish the energy use, estimate the saving scope, identify areas
were savings can be realized and areas that require detailed analysis. b. Detailed Audit: This is a
comprehensive audit that looks at all details of major energy using facilities and equipment’s. This
audit offers more close results of energy savings and an estimation of costs. The calculations
obtained from the energy system are compared to the utility bills so as to balance purchased energy
and the used. Regardless of the audit type taken, two approaches may be taken during analysis of
an energy survey. The approach will actually depend on the type of industry under consideration
and the depth to which the energy audit is needed. The first is the top-down approach where the
energy system is broken down from the energy use reflected by the bills into sub-systems or units
of end use. Normally the total energy the company pays for is considered from energy bills
delivered by the energy company, and the figure is broken down through analysis of end use so as
to give insight on how it is distributed across the system units. This gives a well-defined structure
to compare each units energy use and it helps to identify ones were energy wastage can be
minimized. The other is the bottom-up approach, which is the exact opposite of the previous
approach. This starts from analyzing the sub-systems and then balance the obtained figures with
the energy paid for. The only difference between these two approaches is that the top-down starts
by considering the energy paid for and ends with the energy used, while the 12 bottom-up is vice
versa. It is worthwhile to note that either approaches, require an energy balance so as to get a
general understanding of the energy flows and how they are distributed across the system. It
defines unit functionality and it gives an idea of energy use per unit function.
To collect data from so many different locations and provide it to a software application
we use Smart Internet of Things technology which makes it simple.

Start with the sensors that measure the current flow. It’s no longer necessary to hardwire
each one to a network. Instead, you could use battery-powered sensors on a wireless IEEE
802.15.4e mesh network. IEEE 802.15.4e mesh networks provide redundant routing to the
network gateway, as every node in the IEEE 802.15.4e mesh network has the same routing
capabilities. Each node is able to receive data from any other network node that is within range,
and to transmit data to any other network node that is within range. If one path to the network

7
gateway fails, the network nodes will reroute through another. No single node represents the only
path to the gateway. This makes mesh networks highly scalable, as devices can transmit data over
long distances by passing data through intermediate devices to reach more distant ones, and new
nodes may be added at any time.

The network gateway doesn’t necessarily need to be hardwired to your network, either.
The most useful gateways can connect via wired connections or the cellular data networks,
meaning that you can position them anywhere that you can get a cell phone signal.

Once the data is provided to your controlling computer, or to your cloud application on
the Internet, you can combine the collected data with third party inputs to gather valuable
insights. If a particular piece of equipment is consuming more power than others of its kind,
you’ll know that it’s time for preventative maintenance or a new machine. If a particular process
seems to be using an inordinately large amount of power, you’ll have the opportunity to consider
alternative methods.

Measuring your power consumption at a discrete level won’t automatically oblige you to
discard an inefficient piece of equipment or an inefficient process on the spot. But it will
certainly show you where the trouble spots lie. Adding a bit of Internet of Things tech to your
existing installation can give you better information, and better information leads to better
business decisions.

8
REFERENCES

1. Department of Energy (USA). M&V Guidelines: Measurement and Verification for

Federal Energy Projects. Version 3.0, Technical Report 2008. Available at:
http://www.eere.energy.gov/femp.

2. Design and implementation of energy audit system employing embedded device by

A Pournima and M Krishna Paramathma.

3. Energy Conservation and Audit by Ms.Shradha Chandrakant Deshmukh, Ms.Varsha

Arjun Patil (International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 3,
Issue 8, August 2013).
4. Smart IoT Technology for Energy Audits – Advantech B+B SmartWork
Available at: http://advantech-bb.com/smart-iot-technology-for-energy-audits