NFLB Vinterkonferanse 2009

9 February 2009
Erik Axelsen, TecWel AS
www.tecwel.com
Presentation outline

1. Theory of ultrasound
2. The services
3. The Well Leak Detector (WLD) service
4. The Well Annular Flow (WAF) service
5. The Well Sand Detector (WSD) service
6. The Well Flow Profile (WFP) service
www.tecwel.com
Theory of ultrasound

The acoustic energy – ultrasound – can travel 1 to 3 meters away from the
source.
The acoustic energy – ultrasound – can pass/travel through steel,
liquids and compressed gas.

The acoustic energy – ultrasound – can NOT pass/travel through

air at atmospheric pressure.
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Physics of “sound”

Energy

Flow Sand
zone zone

Mechanical
zone

Frequency
 Your working environment
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The PSI Completion

Hanger Control Line

SSSV 9-5/8” Production Packer

GLM
7” Cemented Liner

4½” Tubing

SSD Isolation Packer

Perforated Interval
 Unplanned fluid movement
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WLD Well Leak

Detector
 In the reservoir
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WAF - Well
Annular Flow
 In the reservoir
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WFP - Well WSD - Well

Flow Profile Sand Detector
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Well Leak Detector

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Physics of “sound”

Energy

Flow This is what we want to measure

zone

Sand
zone

Mechanical
zone

Frequency
 Well Leak Detector (WLD) services – Type of leaks
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While logging inside the tubing,

all types of barrier failures / leak
points can be identified
and located by the WLD
tool without pulling the
tubing prior to logging!!!

The well could even

be under production
or injection, or it could
be shut in while logging!!!

Normal line speed while

logging is from
10 to 30 ft/min.
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Flow and mechanical energy

Energy

Normal flow energy:

No problem, because what we are
looking for should be in this area.
Flow
zone
Mechanical energy:
No problem, because they are
Sand
zone
down in this region, and shall
only elevate and ripple the
base lines!
Mechanical
zone

Normal
flow energy
Energy

Frequency Frequency
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Well Leak Detector (WLD) services - Principle

Telemetry

DSP
(Digital Signal Processing)

Amplification The tool requires an ACTIVE leak,

created by a differential pressure (dP)
S

across the barrier in question!

Piezoelectric
Crystal
 Well Leak Detector services – Case history
www.tecwel.com Norway, leak rate calculated to 0.15 lpm

Oil producer.
Dependant on Gas Lift
Leak from A to B-annulus preventing the
necessary gas-lift system to be used.
Tool deployed inside tubing.
Gas-lift pressure applied on the
A-annulus with well shut in to create
dP between A and B while logging.

WLD provided accurate leak identification

and allowed fast repair as soon as
tubing had been pulled.
Verification log.
 Unplanned fluid movement
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WLD Well Leak

Detector
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Well Annular Flow

 Well Annular Flow (WAF) services
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The Well Annular Flow (WAF) tool from TecWel can

detect and locate flow behind pipe in the annulus
between two casings or in the annulus between the
casing and the formation. As shown by the red and
blue arrows on the figure, the WAF can identify
undesired flow along the well trajectory (flow parallel to
the well path) in different annuli while logging INSIDE the
tubing.

While logging with a line speed from 10 to 30 ft/min, the

well should be shut in while running the WAF.
 Well Annular Flow (WAF) services
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1) The WAF is a qualitative tool (not a quantitative tool).

2) The WAF can only show changes from one part/interval
of the well versus another part/interval Item 3
3) The WAF can show the difference between one
set of logging conditions versus another

In short the WAF data can say:

1. There is flowing activity in this part of the Item 2
well.
2. The flowing activity in this part is higher or
lower compared to the other sections in
the well.
3. There is no sign of flowing activity
(meaning there is no flow, or the flow
velocity is too low for us to see) Item 2

The tool can do no more, no less!

 Well Annular Flow (WAF) services – Typical
www.tecwel.com Kappa Emuraude interpretation of WAF
 WAF – “one piece in the puzzle”
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By combining the following data:

WAF logging data
Actual pressure data from the during the logging operation
Historical pressure data
Well schematic
Casing tally
Deviation survey
EMW for pore pressure and fracture pressure
Stratigraphic information
GR
Resistivity log
Cement bond logs
Historical well information
The client and TecWel can build a model of what is taking place in the well
outside the casings. The data can be used for:

1) Design, plan and execute a proper corrective treatment to stop

undesired flow which can cause a top side or under ground blow out.
2) Design, plan and execute a safe sidetrack or abandonment.
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Well Sand Detector

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WSD energies

Energy

Flow
zone

Sand
zone

Mechanical
zone
Energy

Frequency Frequency
www.tecwel.com Well Sand Detector (WSD) services

Telemetry

DSP

Amplifier

Sand

Sensor
 Well Sand Detector (WSD) services –
www.tecwel.com Typical Kappa Emuraude interpretation of WSD
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Well Flow Profile

www.tecwel.com Well Flow Profile (WFP) services

Which interval is
actually contributing
with production
(injection)?
Perforated interval
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Inflow profile from WFP

at 47 degree choke opening
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Use of WFP information:

-Stimulate production (acid, scale etc)

-Set plug
-Install straddle / patch (water / gas shut off etc)
-Re-perforate
-Change completion strategy
-Well design (long deviated sections – are they economic?)
Thank you for your
attention!