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14/TOBACCO COMPANIES CYAN MAGENTA YELLOW BLACK

14 Tobacco Companies ICELAND

NORWAY
FINLAND

SWEDEN ESTONIA
British American
RUSSIAN
Tobacco LATVIA
Philip Morris is the world’s UNITED DENMARK LITHUANIA
FED.

largest transnational tobacco KINGDOM


IRELAND BELARUS
company, whose Marlboro brand NETH. POLAND

is the world leader. In 1999 the BELGIUM Reemsta CZECH UKRAINE


LUX. GERMANY REPUBLIC
company had sales of over FRANCE AUSTRIA HUNGARY
SWITZ. ROMANIA
US$47 billion. However, CROATIA
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
C A N A D A
excluding the US domestic Altadis BULGARIA
ITALY
market, BAT sells the most SPAIN

PORTUGAL
cigarettes worldwide and has the GREECE
KAZAKHSTAN
largest network in the most
TUNISIA
Japan Tobacco
countries. Philip Morris MOROCCO
International
UZBEKISTAN DPR
ALGERIA
The tobacco industry is a UNITED STATES KOREA JAPAN
OF AMERICA
TURKEY REP.
mixture of some of the most KOREA
CYPRUS LEBANON
powerful transnational Philip Morris TUNISIA
ISRAEL IRAQ ISL. REP.
C H I N A
$47.1 billion
MOROCCO
IRAN R J Reynolds
commercial companies in the JORDAN
PAKISTAN
LIBYAN BAHRAIN
ALGERIA
world. Tobacco companies, MEXICO
ARAB
JAMAHIRIYA EGYPT UAE
which frequently merge, own CUBA
JAMAICA
DOMINICAN
REPUBLIC SAUDI ARABIA BANGLADESH
MYANMAR
Hong Kong SAR
INDIA
other huge industries and run an HONDURAS
OMAN VIET NAM
GUATEMALA THAILAND PHILIPPINES
intricate variety of joint ventures. EL SALVADOR
NICARAGUA BARBADOS
State tobacco monopolies have COSTA RICA TRINIDAD &
TOBAGO
VENEZUELA

GHANA
PANAMA NIGERIA
been in decline since the 1980s. GUYANA
SURINAME
SIERRA LEONE
SRI LANKA
COLOMBIA
About 7,000 medium to large CAMEROON
MALAYSIA
ÒWe see the new
UGANDA

state-owned enterprises were KENYA


markets opening up
SINGAPORE
ECUADOR DEM. REP.
privatised in the 1980s and a in Central Asia and CONGO
UNITED REP.
BAT
further 60,000 in the 1990s after the Commonwealth of BRAZIL
TANZANIA I N D O N E S I A
$31.1 billion
the collapse of the former Soviet Independent States
Union. From the late 1990s, the as really being the PERU ZAMBIA
MALAWI

IMF has pressurised countries future of BAT well BOLIVIA ZIMBABWE


into the next FIJI

such as the Republic of Korea, the century.Ó CHILE


MAURITIUS

Republic of Moldova, Thailand AUSTRALIA


and Turkey to privatise their state BAT, 1994 SOUTH
AFRICA
URUGUAY
tobacco industry as a condition of JTI
loans. ARGENTINA $21.6 billion
16.4%
The remaining monopolies Leading manufacturer by country 15.4%
represent a combined NEW
ZEALAND
consumption of 2 billion cigarettes
headquarters location of The Big Five
or 40 percent of the world’s total
major transnational
cigarette consumption. tobacco companies Leading transnational tobacco companies
Since the early 1990s, the
1999
cigarette companies have
Philip Morris Austria Tabak
massively increased their 7.2% Reemsta
manufacturing capacity in British American Tobacco (BAT) Gallaher $6.1 billion
developing countries and eastern
Japan Tobacco International (JTI) state monopoly percentage of global
Europe. Where once the rich
Altadis market share
countries exported “death and Reemsta other $2.3 billion
disease”, increasingly these are 2.6%
Altadis no data 1.9%
manufactured locally.
revenue
US$ billions
50 Philip Morris BAT JTI Reemsta Altadis 51

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