Huawei Dualband Co-BCCH Cell

Introduction and Optimization

Huawei RNP & RNO

www.huawei.com

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

 Conten
ts

1. Co-BCCH Introduction

2. Co-BCCH Parameter Settings and Optimization

3. Counter and KPI for Concentric Cell Monitoring

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

Page 2
Co-BCCH Introduction
What is Co-BCCH?

 Co-BCCH: Common BCCH Cell, also called GSM900&DCS1800, Multi-band

cell;
 Based on Enhanced Concentric Cell Algorithm;
 Two layers in a cell: UL (900M) and OL (1800M);
 The UL covers the whole cell area, The OL may not match the UL coverage
area;
 UL manages BCCH, SDCCH,PDCH and TCH channels, while OL only manages
the TCH channels
OL(DCS 1800) contains only TCH, For Traffic Load

UL(GSM 900) carries BCCH, SDCCH, PDCH & TCH, For Coverage

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Co-BCCH Introduction
Why Co-BCCH?

 Improve capability:
 UL and OL share the BCCH, SDCCH, PDCH, and the TCH channels will
be increased accordingly
 Frequency restrict:
 The frequency resource doesn’t support high configuration, as in VNP
totally we have 42 P-GSM frequency, maximum support S4/4/4
 Simplify network structure:
 Reduce number of cells in the network
 Reduce number of Location Area Codes
 Reduce number of neighboring cells
 Simplify multi-layer network into one layer network

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 Co-BCCH Introduction
Co-BCCH Coverage
GSM900 BCCH Co-Site Co-BCCH
SDCCH/TCH
GSM900 BCCH
Radius regulated
SDCCH/TCH
enable
GSM1800 BCCH
TA, RX_LEV , RX_QUAL
SDCCH/TCH
DCS1800 TCH

GSM900 sub cell

SDCCH TCH SDCCH TCH Accept by
GSM900 sub-cell SDCCH
DCS1800 cell DCS1800 cell
TCH
DCS1800 sub cell

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Co-BCCH Introduction
Co-BCCH TCH Assignment
 The TCH Assignment mechanism in Co-
BCCH cell is the same to normal UO cell
 Basically base on: Rxlev 、 Rxqual 、 TA

 Specially: Classmark 3 which has higher

priority than TA\Lev\Qual GSM900 BCCH
If did not know classmark 3, only assign the BCCH SDCCH/TCH

frequency band TRX

Handover request (classmark 3)

DCS1800 TCH

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 Co-BCCH Introduction
Co-BCCH Handover

GSM900 cell
Adjacent GSM900 cell Adjacent GSM900 cell
(underlay)

DCS1800 cell
DCS1800 cell DCS1800 cell
(overlay)

A : RXLEV (Coverage), B : Load (Capacity), C : RXLEV (Coverage), RXQUAL

RXQUAL RXLEV (Coverage)

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 Risk in Co-BCCH
GSM900

Different path loss

GSM1800 BCCH
Signal Strength

Underlay
(dBm)

GSM900

Overlay
DCS1800

-75

MS REPORTED RXLEV

-95
MS Can't Measure RXLEV

0.5 km 1 km Distance from

cell antenna

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Page 8
 Risk in Co-BCCH
Blind Handover from UL to OL TA, RX_LEV ,
RX_QUAL, May
1. Since DCS1800 cells do not have BCCH be as good as
channel, GSM900
Handover command
forced handover to DCS1800 cells is blind (no
RXLEV
GSM900 sub-cell
measurements of adjacent DCS1800 cells).

?
Risk of dropping calls on DCS1800.
?
?

DCS1800 sub-cell

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Page 9
 Risk in Co-BCCH
2. Have to constantly adjust handover parameters to minimize inter-layer
handovers (different cells have different RF environment, morphology
and traffic load).
Solution : For a period Operation & Maintain of COBCCH network, we
can provide formula base on traffic and Key counters.

3. When GSM900 cell experience outage (faulty BCCH TRX, faulty circuit
packs), DCS1800 cell cannot absorb the traffic (lost revenue).
Solution : Configure more than one 900M TRX in the underlay sub-cell, if
BCCH TRX fault, another 900M TRX will replace it.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

Page 10
 Restriction of Co-BCCH
• Don’t support different band frequency in one frequency hopping sequence
• Support GPRS in each band, but PDCH must be allocated on TRX whose
frequency band is same to BCCH
• Co-BCCH cell can’t be a Dual Time Slot Extended cell
• Flexibility is not so good as 900-1800 co-site cell

Co-BCCH Co-Site

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Page 11
 Conten
ts

1. Co-BCCH Introduction

2. Co-BCCH Parameter Settings and Optimization

3. Counter and KPI for Concentric Cell Monitoring

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

Page 12
 Co-BCCH Cell Parameter Settings
5 steps to activate Co-BCCH Cell
Cell Co-Cell
Type Property

Be adjacent to
itself automatically

Enable BSC
Avoid blind assignment failure getting MRs of
arose by single band MS
Set Enhanced UL when MS is
Co-cell Allowed occupying TCH
on OL.

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Co-BCCH Cell Parameter Settings
Parameters involved- Assignment
 Assign Optimum Layer
 “System optimization” is recommended in Co-BCCH Cell, which indicates the
system selects the optimum layer for TCH assignment as according to uplink
signal strength in MRs provided through the UL's SDCCH
 Assign-Optimum-Level Thrsh.
 Range: 0~63, (-110dBm~-47dBm). 28-35 is recommended
 TA Thrsh. of Assignment Pref.
 Range: 0~255. 63 is recommended

UL Rx-Lev > Assign-Optimum-Level UL Re-Lev < Assign-Optimum-Level

Thrsh. & Thrsh. Or
TA < TA Thrsh. Of Assignment Pref. TA > TA Thrsh. Of Assignment Pref.

System UL
OL
optimization
Mode

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Page 14
 Co-BCCH Cell Parameter Settings
Parameters involved-Concentric handover

Parameters Value DL Rx-Lev >= U to O HO received level

Thrsh. &
UL to OL HO Allowed Yes
DL RxQual < Receiving Quality Thrsh. &
OL to UL HO Allowed Yes
TA < (TA Thrsh. - TA Hysteresis) &
Rx_Lev for Concentric Cell HO
Allowed Yes Traffic in Underlay > Traffic Thrsh. of
underlay
OL to UL HO received level Thrsh. 20
UL to OL HO received level Thrsh. 30
Rx_Qual for Concentric Cell HO
Allowed No
OL UL
Receiving Quality Thrsh. 60
subcell subcell
TA Concentric Cell HO Allowed No
TA Thrsh. 63
TA hysteresis 0
UL to OL Traffic HO Allowed No DL Rx-Lev < O to U HO received level
Thrsh. or
Traffic Thrsh. of underlaid 70
DL Rx-Qual >= Receiving Quality Thrsh.
Underlaid HO Step period 5 or
Underlaid HO Step level 5 TA > (TA Thrsh. + TA Hysteresis)

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 Co-BCCH Cell Parameter Settings
Parameters involved-Handover
 Pref. subcell in HO of intra-BSC
 Range: System Optimization, OL, UL
 Recommended: UL. UL is preferred during the intra-BSC HO.
 Incoming-to-BSC HO optimum layer
 Range: UL, OL
 Recommended: UL. UL is preferred during the incoming-to-BSC HO.

Setp1: Handover into

UL is preferred

OL UL

Setp3:DLRx-Lev of OL is
weak, return to source
UL configured for cell
incoming handover Setp2: If UL is busy enough,
handover into OL is performed

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Page 16
Co-BCCH Cell Parameter Settings
Parameters involved-Protection against Ping Pong HO
 Properly setting OL to UL HO received level Thrsh and UL to OL HO received level Thrsh.
 Penalty Time of UL to OL HO (s): When handed over from UL to OL, If "Penalty allowed" set to "Yes",
system will forbidden MS to handover back to the UL during the "Penalty Time of UL to OL HO (S)".
Range:0~255(s)
 Disable intra-cell handover

UL to OL HO received level
UL Thrsh.
OL to UL HO received level
Thrsh.
OL Hysteresis (typical value is 8-
12dB) =
UL to OL received level Thrsh. -
OL to UL received level Thrsh.
Hysteresis
1800M users
The higher the hysteresis, the
fewer the ping-pong HO between
900M & 1800M users UL and OL, also traffic
distribution will be changed.
900M users RX_LEV_ACCESS_MI
N
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Co-BCCH Parameters Optimization
Parameters for Assignment Control
Recommended
Parameters Details
Value
1.system optimization : traffic distribution can be changed to adapt real traffic
Assign optimum System model by tuning Assign-Optimum-Level Thrsh, which can preventing
layer optimization congestion on UL, while make good use of OL.
2.UL: calls will be assigned to UL.3.OL: calls will assigned out of OL coverage
1.Valid if Assign optimum layer is set System optimization.
Assign-Optimum-
23-28 2. The lower the parameter, the more calls assigned in OL. However, TCH
Level Thrsh.
Assignment success rate may decrease.
TA Thrsh. of
63 Valid if Assign optimum layer is set System optimization.
Assignment Pref.

Optimization for Assignment

Traffic Optimization Strategy
Assign optimum Assign-Optimum- Optimization Results
UL OL
layer Level Thrsh.
congested idle System optimization ↓ Congestion ↓ HSR ↑ Ass-Succ may ↓
Slightly
normal System optimization ↑ Congestion ↓ HSR ↑ Ass-Succ ↑
congested
idle congested Underlaid subcell － Congestion ↓ HSR ↑ Ass-Succ ↑

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Page 18
Co-BCCH Parameters Optimization
Parameters for Handover Control
Parameters
Pref. subcell in HO of intra-BSC
Incoming-to-BSC HO optimum layer
Rx_Lev for Concentric Cell HO
Allowed
Rx_Qual for Concentric Cell HO
Allowed
TA Concentric Cell HO Allowed
UL to OL Traffic HO Allowed
Optimization for handover
Issues of Co-BCCH Cell
UL OL
congested idle
idle congested
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Recommended
Details
Value
system UL: keep good handover performance
optimization system optimization: balance UL and OL traffic
UL: keep good handover performance
UL
OL: maybe out of OL coverage, risk exists.
Yes
Determine whether the receiving level or quality of
downlink, or TA is taken as the judgment condition in
Yes the Concentric Cell handover judgment. Rx_Lev is
absolutely necessarily. Quality and TA is optional.
No
Determines whether the traffic in UL is one of conditions
No
for OL to overlaid handover.
Pref. subcell in HO of intra-BSC Optimization Results
System optimization Congestion ↓ Ass-Succ ↑
UL Congestion ↓ Ass-Succ ↑ HSR ↑
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Page 19
Co-BCCH Parameters Optimization
Parameters for Concentric Handover
Recommended
Parameters Details
Value
1.The parameter is DL RxLev.
OL to UL HO
received level 20~30 2.Keep at least 10dB difference between OL to UL HO received level
Thrsh. Thrsh and UL to OL HO received level Thrsh in order to avoid
Ping Pong HO.

UL to OL HO 1.The parameter is DL RxLev.

received level 30~40 2.The value should be greater than Assign-Optimum-Level Thrsh.
Thrsh. ,because the difference between uplink RxLev and downlink RxLev.
Optimization of concentric handover

Optimization Strategy

Issues of Co-BCCH Cell UL to OL HO OL to UL HO Optimization Results

received received level
level Thrsh. Thrsh
UL is congested, OL is idle ↓ ↓ Congestion ↓ HSR ↓ DCR ↑

UL is idle, OL is congested ↑ ↑ Congestion ↓ HSR ↑ DCR ↓

UL － > OL HSR is low ↑ － HSR ↑ DCR ↓

OL － > UL HO times is low, DCR is high － ↑ Congestion ↑ HSR ↑ DCR ↓

OL < － > UL HSRs are low. ↑ ↑ Congestion ↑ HSR ↑ DCR ↓

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Page 20
 Conten
ts

1. Co-BCCH Introduction

2. Co-BCCH Parameter Settings and Optimization

3. Counter and KPI for Co-BCCH Cell Monitoring

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

Page 21
KPI for Concentric Cell Monitoring
Key factors affecting KPIs of Co-BCCH Cell
 Whether TRXs of UL are congested is the key factor that affects KPI of Co-BCCH Cell, which
include: HSR, DCR and assignment success rate.
 The Rx_Lev of OL is estimated. Once UL is congested, the incoming HO and assignment will
use channels on OL, which causes HSR, DCR and assignment success rate getting worse

Adjusting parameters based on traffic statistics

 Cell Measurement Monitoring KPIs of concentric cells, such as congestion rate, call drop
rate, handover success rate, CSSR, and so on
 OL/UL Measurement Monitoring assignment procedure, inter-cell handover, handover
between UL and OL and traffic distribution on UL and UL. Especially can get which layer has
higher congestion, lower CSSR, higher CDR. UL to OL HSR, OL to UL HSR also can get
 Channel Allocation Measurement Monitoring TRX level performance, can get Successful
TCH seizure rate after allocation, call drop rate and so on, help to find out OL&UL problem.

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KPI for Concentric Cell Monitoring
Traffic statistics items for monitoring
Items Formula
TCH call drop rate (%) TCH call drop / Successful TCH seizures

BSC HO succ. Rate from UL Successful handovers from UL to OL / Attempted

Level to OL (%) handovers from UL to OL
HO succ. Rate from OL Successful handovers from OL to UL / Attempted
to UL (%) handovers from OL to UL
TCH Assignment successful TCH seizures for call [2106] / attempted
Success Rate(%) TCH seizures for call [2090]
TCH call drop [2142] / (successful TCH seizures
TCH call drop rate(%)
(all) [2105]- Successful intracell handovers[2265])

TCH (TCH seizure failures for call (no radio resource)

Level TCH Congestion Rate [2120] + TCH seizure failures for very early
(excluding handover) assignment [2127]) / (Attempted TCH seizures for
(%) call [2090] + Attempted TCH seizures for very early
assignment [2091])
([2239] + [2240] + [2243] + [2244]) / ( [2200] + [2205] +
HSR(%)
[2290] + [2291]) *100%.

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KPI for Concentric Cell Monitoring
Items Remark
Attempted TCH seizures in UL/OL meeting TCH overflow
Handover requests incoming intra-BSC (UL/ OL in
preference)
Overflows for incoming intra-BSC handover (UL/OL in Indicating the channel
preference) allocation of concentric
cell, which can be used to
Handover requests incoming inter-BSC (UL/OL in preference) adjust Co-BCCH
Overflows for incoming inter-BSC handover (UL/OL in parameters for
preference) assignment and
handover.
Assignment requests (UL/OL in preference)
Assignment overflows (UL/OL in preference)
TCH traffic volume in UL / Overlaid (ERL)
Attempted handovers from UL to OL(OL to UL)
Indicating the congestion
Successful handovers from UL to OL(OL to UL)
contributing to HSR.
Failed handovers from UL to OL (OL to UL) due to congestion
Average downlink level of handovers from UL to OL (OL to
UL) Indicating UL/DL Rx_lev
and TA when handover
Average uplink level of handovers from UL to OL (OL to UL)
happened between UL an
Average timing advance (TA) of handovers from OL to UL(UL OL.
to OL)
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TCH call drop in UL/OL
Thank You