BAN701-COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS

ANSWER KEY

PART-A
1.Applications of CFD:

Aerospace, Automotive, Biomedical, Chemical, Processing, HVAC, Hydraulics,

Marine, Oil & Gas, Power Generation, Sports.

2. Advantage of Panel method:

Panel methods can calculate the gas or liquid flow around complex 3D configurations, such as aircraft,
with relative ease. However, that ease comes at a price: panel methods are incapable of modeling
the viscous effects that are evident in all real-world flows

3. Stability:

A numerical scheme is stable if any error introduced in the FDE does not grow with the solution of FDE.

4. Energy cascading:

The kinetic energy is handed down from large eddies to progressively smaller and smaller eddies

in what is termed the energy cascade.

5. Second order central mixed finite difference expression:

6. FVM & FDM:

S.No FVM FDM

1 Governing equation in integral form Differential form
2 More efficient technique Less efficient technique
3 Higher order of accuracy Order of accuracy is less
4 Most commercial packages are using this Very less number(research level)

7. CFL condition:
8. Discretization and Round off error:

9. Types of grid in FVM:

1. Cell centered 2 Node centerd

10. Need for upwind type discretization:

One of the major inadequacies of the central differencing scheme is its inability to identify flow direction.
The value of property at a west cell face is always influenced by both P and W in central differencing. In
a strongly convective flow from west to east, the above treatment is unsuitable because the west cell face
should receive much stronger influencing from node W than from node P. The upwind differencing or
‘donor cell’ differencing scheme takes into account the flow direction when determining the value at
a cell face: the convected value of at a cell face is taken to be equal to the value at the upstream node.
PART-B
11.(a) Finding Accuracy:
Starts from discretizing from taylors series expansion,truncating higher oreder terms will induce
truncated error,from neglected derivative terms we have to find the order of accuracy.

11.(b) Source Panel method

12.(a) RANS Equation:

12.(b) Turbulence modeling with wall conditions:

13.(a) B.C for 2-D Unsteady, Supersonic, Viscous flow over the plate:

13.(b) Low Reynolds number k-Model:

14.(a)