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Edexcel GCE
Chemist ry (6244/ 01)
January 2006
✁
-
OR Al 2O3 + 6OH + 3H2O 2Al(OH) 63-
OR Al 2O3 + 2OH- 2AlO2 + H2O (1)
✁
H+ in one equat ion and OH in t he ot her f or acid and alkali on lef t of
t wo equat ions. (1)
IGNORE spur i ous speci es
Non-i oni c equat i ons can scor e 3r d mar k onl y. (3 marks)
✁
If [ OH ] = 1. 31 x 10-4 pH = 10. 12 (max 2)
Consequent i al on [ H+] ✂
pH f or 3r d mar k onl y i f pH > 7 (3 marks)
1
(d) (i) Mg(OH) 2(s) + H2SO4(aq) MgSO4(aq) + 2H2O (l)
equat ion (1)
st at e symbols (1) – onl y i f speci es cor r ect
OR
Mg(OH) 2(s) + 2H+(aq) Mg2+(aq) + 2H2O(l) (2 marks)
2
2 (a) (i) yellow / orange/ red and precipit at e / cryst als / solid
NOT solut ion (1 mark)
H
H N NO2
C N
C6H5CH CH
NO2
IGNORE posi t i on of NO2 gr oups
(2 marks)
OR
(warm wit h alkaline) ammoniacal silver nit rat e / Tollens’ reagent (1)
silver mirror (1)
r ef er ence t o Ag2+ / Ag3+ negat es 1st mar k
It has geomet ric/ cis-t rans and opt ical isomers/ C at om wit h f our
dif f erent groups/ chiral carbon at om/ asymmet ric carbon
OR it has bot h t ypes of stereo-isomerism (1) – st and al one (2 marks)
3
(c) (i) reduct ion
OR nucleophilic addit ion (1 mark)
ALLOW redox
(ii) C6H5CH=CHCH(OH)CH2NH2
MUST show C=C
(iii) C6H5CH=CHCH(OH)CH2CH3
C=C bond need not be shown (1 mark)
4
3 (a) Kp = p 2(NO2) (1) (1 mark)
p(N2O4)
NOT [ ]
Not e:
If mol es NO2 = 0. 8, Kp = 21. 6 at m
If mol es NO2 = 0. 2 and mol es N2O4 = 0. 8, Kp = 0. 338 at m (5 marks)
Kp increases (1)
Theref ore equilibrium posit ion shif t s t o t he right / f orward direct ion (1)
5
4 (a) ent halpy / heat change f or product ion of one mole of gaseous at oms (1)
ALLOW ‘ energy change’
NOT awar ded i f exot her mi c pr ocess st at ed or i mpl i ed
Gaseous can be awar ded f r om RHS of equat i on
species (1)
(ii) Ei t her
LE = –270 – (+159) – (+107) – (+520) – (–295)
OR
-270 = (+159) + (+107) + (+520) + (-295) + (LE) (1)
If at oms or mol ecul es ment i oned, onl y t he 3r d mar k i s avai l abl e. (3 marks)
6
5. (a) (i) NH3+CH(CH2OH)COO
If al l bonds dr awn, + must be shown on N (1 mark)
(ii) high energy needed t o overcome (st rong) ionic at t ract ions/ st rong
ionic bonds (1)
(b) (i)
O
C OH
H C CH2OH
NH3+
ALLOW COOH / CO2H and IGNORE posi t i on of char ge on NH3+ unl ess
dr awn i n f ul l (1 mark)
(ii) O
C O-
H C CH2OH
NH2
(iii) O
HO C H O
H C C O C CH3
NH2 H
or est erif ied zwit t erion
7
(c) (i) HOCH2CH2OH (1 mark)
(ii) O O H H O O
OCH2CH2 O CC6H4C OR C C O C C6H4C O
H H
bracket s opt ional
CO ]
ALLOW at r i ght hand si de
(d) (i) hydrolysis / nucleophilic subst it ut ion/ saponif icat ion (1 mark)
(ii) only goes one way / goes t o complet ion / irreversible wit h NaOH/ not an
equilibrium (1)
OR
bot h reagent s cat alyse t he react ion (1)
hydroxide ions react wit h product t o prevent reverse react ion (1)
(so yield is improved wit h alkali) (2 marks)
8
6. (a) st art s at 2. 2 (1)
vert ical sect ion at 40cm 3 of sodium hydroxide (1)
vert ical sect ion cent red bet ween pH 8-9 and bet ween 2 t o 3 squares high
(1)
shape t o include init ial j ump and f inish bet ween pH = 12-13 (1)
If curve drawn back t o f ront , only 2nd and 3rd marks available (4 marks)
(b) (i) maint ains nearly const ant pH / resist s change in pH (1)
on adding small amounts of acid or alkali (1) (2 marks)
[ H+] = 3. 56 x 10 4
(mol dm -3)
pH = 3. 4(5) (1)
IGNORE no. of deci mal pl aces but penal i se pH = 3 (3 marks)
A✁ + H+ ✂ HA (1)
[ HA] and [ A✁] are large (relat ive t o H+ and OH✁ added)/ large
reserves of undissociat ed acid and salt (and so t he values of [ HA]
and [ A ] do not change signif icant ly) (1)
NOTE: If no equat ions given f or ef f ect of adding OH- and H+, correct
explanat ion can score (1) out of t hese t wo marks. (4 marks)