22 November 2017

LOCATION : Khoula Hospital , Muscat

DATE OF INSPECTION : 26 October 2017

SUBJECT : Structural Investigation and Recommendation Report

SITE DESCRIPTION :

Name : Khoula Generator Room with Chillers on Roof deck

OBJECTIVES :

Our MOH Maintenance team was commissioned to upgrade the chiller system of Khoula in two
options.

Option 1 : PLAN A

Reuse the Roof Deck of the Generator Room to house the new four (4) units bigger capacity
chillers replacing the six (6) units smaller capacity chillers presently installed at the Roof Deck. Also including a
Plant room to house the new pumps.

The purpose of the Site Visit was for the MOH Maintenance Team particularly the Structural
Engineer to assess the structural adequacy and condition of the building to sustain the structural loads to
come from the new and heavier Chillers.

Option 2 : PLAN B

To Reuse the Roof Deck of the Generator Room to accept new six ( 6 ) of similar capacity to
replace the old chillers ( 6 nos. also ). The MOH HVAC Engineer to ensure that these units will be having similar
weight (preferred to be less weight).

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE STRUCTURAL REPORT :

For the Structural Engineer to fully assess the structural condition of the building to sustain the New
Chillers , the following requirements / documents / information need to be acquired first

Item No. 1 As built Structural Plans of this building showing the reinforcements of the slabs ,
beams and columns as well as the size and reinforcements of the foundation.
Otherwise , windowing by uncovering the reinforcements and radiographic methods
to be used to check the actual rebar diameter and clear cover and also to ascertain the
corrosion extent of the rebars specifically at the roof (observing that there is evidence
of water leakage at some spots under the slab).

Item No. 2 Compressive strength test results for the concrete used for the construction of the
building. If the test report not available , at least information from the drawings
showing the same. Otherwise , coring tests needs to be done to assess the actual
compressive strength of each of the following elements : slab , beam , column and
footing at present.
 Item No. 3 Geotechnical report showing the soil bearing capacity of the foundation soil for us to
ascertain the adequacy of the footing sizes to carry the additional loads of the new
heavier Chillers . Otherwise , Plate Load test and Standard Penetration Tests be done
on nearby foundation level soil in order to supply this information on soil bearing
capacity .

Item No. 4 The Supplier of the New Chillers should give the MOH Team the information of the
said chillers as to dimension sizes, operational weight and vibration control system for
us to correctly evaluate the structural effects of the said chillers on the building. Once
the Chillers dimensions are ascertained, a finalised layout of the equipment plinths
should be submitted and approved in order to be included in the Structural Analysis of
the Building.

Item No. 5 The MOH Team should also be provided with ample information regarding the
technical specifications of the waterproofing system used on the Roof Deck of the
Generator Room . Otherwise , a portion of the waterproofing will be scraped off
temporarily on the Roof to check its performance viability if still applicable and this
portion immediately repaired by effective waterproofing means.

INSPECTION NOTES :

The following items were observed and noted at site :

Item No. 6 Some portions of the slab soffit painted peeled off showing incursion of water most
probably coming from top. This probably shows water seepage through the
waterproofing system.

Item No. 7 Damaged surface of the roof deck showing an affirmation of the problem of
waterproofing system as described in Item No. 6. Rehabilitation of the waterproofing
system on the whole roof deck should be incorporated as part of the upgrade of the
Chillers system if we desire to ensure a long lasting service span of the Chiller upgrade.

Item No. 8 Measurements at site were made to come up with a preliminary dimension plans for
all structural elements for the Structural Analysis 3D Model in ETABS as shown in the
next pages.

Item No. 3 The following loads , particularly the dead loads are the ones realized at site and also the
 ones considered in the Structural Modelling of the Roof Framing

Dead Load :
Ceiling / Services / Ductworks = 0.00 Kpa
Waterproofing = 0.10 Kpa
Existing Screed (100mm thk ave.) = 2.40 Kpa
Insulation = 0.10 Kpa
Total Superimposed Dead Load = 2.60 Kpa

Live Load :
Construction / Maintenance (Minimum) = 1.00 Kpa

Mechanical Load :
Old PACU units and plinth / pad = 11.20 Kpa
(Operating Weight = 4760 kgs x 1.25 on 2.40x6.80x0.30 pad)
New PACU units and plinth / pad = 11.55 Kpa
(Operating Weight = 7000 kgs on 2.40x7.25x0.30 pad)
Old pump units and plinth / pad = 9.40 Kpa
(Operating Weight = 293 kgs on 0.80x2.0x0.30 pad)
New pump units ( 4nos.) and plinth / pad = 8.42 Kpa
(Operating Weight = 400 kgs x4 on 2.40x6.80x0.30 pad)

Wind Load Parameters :

Basic Wind Speed ( Muscat) = 40 m/s = 90 mph = 145 kph
Importance Factor ( Essential Facilities ) = 1.15
Exposure Category = B
Windward Coefficient = 0.85
Leeward Coefficient = 0.50
Topographical Factor Kzt = 1.00
Gust Factor , Gf = 0.85
Directionality Factor , Kd = 0.85

Seismic Load parameters :

Seismic Zone Z = 0.075
Importance Factor ( Essential Facilities ) = 1.25
Seismic Response Overstrength Coefficient , R = 5.50 ( IMRF )
Soil Profile Type , S= Sc

Material Strengths :
Concrete :
28th Day Compressive Cube Strength , fcu = 30 N/mm2 (conservative)

Reinforcing Steel :
Yield Strength of Reinforcing Bar , fy = 400 N/mm2 (conservative)

Minimum Clear Concrete Cover :

For Roof R.C. Slabs = 20 mm
For Roof R.C. Beams = 40 mm
For R.C. Columns = 40 mm

Density of Materials
 Reinforced Concrete = 25 KN / m3

Design Codes ( for Load Cases and Load Combinations Used ) :

UBC 1997 - ( Uniform Building Code , for Seismic Load Requirements )
ASCE - 07 - ( Minimum Design Loads for Buildings , for Wind Load )
BS 6399 Part 1 - ( British Standards – Loads for Buildings – Dead and Live Loads )
BS 8110 - ( British Standards – Structural Use of Concrete )
 The Old Chillers Layout ( 6 nos. ) at the Roof Deck

Item No. 9

We are NOT RECOMMENDING ANY RETROFIT TO STRENGHTEN ANY PART OF THE STRUCTURAL ELEMENT TO
SUSTAIN ADDITIONAL EXPECTED LOADS SINCE THIS OPTION IS NOT COST EFFECTIVE ALL
THROUGHOUT THE EXTENDED LIFE SPAN OF THE BUILDING. BETTER CONSTRUCT NEW BUILDING
THAN RETROFIT AN OLD ONE.
 The New and Heavier Chillers Layout ( 4 nos. ) at the Roof Deck

The following Structural Element Dimensions were considered in the Structural Modelling of the
Building as per actual measurement and estimation from site :
Column section – 0.40mx0.40m
Roof Beam Section - 0.40mx1.0m
Roof Slab Thickness - 0.20m

REQUIRED BEAM REINFORCEMENT FROM EXISTING OLD CHILLERS ( 6 NOS) LAYOUT

REQUIRED BEAM REINFORCEMENT FROM PROPOSED NEW CHILLERS( 4nos)

AND PLANT ROOM LAYOUT

3D MODELLING AS PER ACTUAL MEASUREMENTS USING ETABS STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS SOFTWARE

MECHANICAL LOADINGS FOR THE EXISTING CHILLER EQUIPMENTS ( AS INPUT IN ETABS )

However , as per meeting held last 30 november 2017 at MOH with Heads of DGPEA Maintenance ,
the following has been agreed on :
MOH HVAC engineer to recompute the cooling capacity to use 6 nos. Upon latest discussion
with him, the operational weight for each package unit turned out to be 11894 lbs = 5400 kgs . By
comparison, this weight is a little bit lighter than the old one with approximately 5700 kgs. Also
this unit fits into the existing concrete base pad without any adjustment required.

CONCLUSIONS

To become a realistic technical structural evaluation of the existing building and go beyond just mere
ocular inspection of building element surfaces , the following information should be provided :

 Structural Drawings with element sections

 Geotechnical Report

 Coring Test result for Existing Concrete Compressive Strength

 Tensile test and tests for corrosion for rebars of the slab and beam for the roof deck, if
required.

Three Dimensional Modelling Analysis using ETABS software were based only on careful site
measurements while material parameters were judiciously and conservatively assumed.
However , MOH welcomes the idea of using the same number of chillers ( 6 nos ) of sufficient
cooling capacity but lighter in weight compared to the old units . These should be ensured for
actual installation so that the new chillers will not pose any structural threat to the building
stability.
This recommendation report is being tendered and submitted to move forward with the Maintenance
department to upgrade the HVAC system of Khoula Hospital.

Prepared By :

Eng’r. Wilfredo Corrales Enghoy

Structural Civil Engineer

Noted By :
Eng’r Salim Saleem Al Busaidi
Director of Building Maintenance Section
DGPEA , MOH , Al Khwair
 STRUCTURAL
RECOMMENDATION
REPORT ON
STRUCTURAL STABILITY
OF THE ROOF DECK
OF THE GENERATOR ROOM
AT KHOULA HOSPITAL