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Power Transmission and Distribution

The new IEC 62271


Sales Meeting – October 19 - 29, 2003

Dipl. Ing. Ansgar Müller


PTD M TIG
ansgar.mueller@siemens.com
s

1) New numbering for HV switchgear standards

2) Part 100 Circuit-breakers (summary)

3) Part 200 Metal-enclosed switchgear and controlgear


- Market required a revision
- Classifications
- Internal arc protection
- Inconsistencies

4) Conclusion and outlook

PTD M TIG
5240.48/Mü

The new IEC 62271 2003-10-27

Slide 2

1
s

1) New numbering for HV switchgear standards

2) Part 100 Circuit-breakers (summary)

3) Part 200 Metal-enclosed switchgear and controlgear


- Market required a revision
- Classifications
- Internal arc protection
- Inconsistencies

4) Conclusion and outlook

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IEC 62271 2003-10-27

Slide 3

Generic • IEC 60694 Common clauses

Switching • IEC 60056 Circuit-breakers (old)


Devices • IEC 60129 Disconnectors and earthing switches (old)
• IEC 60265-1 Switches
• IEC 60470 Contactors

Switchgear • IEC 60298 Metal-enclosed switchgear


• IEC 60466 Insulation-enclosed switchgear
• IEC 61330 Prefabricated substations

ð No interrelated numbering

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Products standards MV today (selection) 2003-10-27

Slide 4

2
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IEC 62271 HV Switchgear and controlgear


responsible
IEC committee

Parts 1 – 99 Generic standards SC 17A / 17C

Parts 100 – 199 Switching devices SC 17A

Parts 200 – 299 Switchgear SC 17C

Parts 300 – 399 Guidelines etc. SC 17A / 17C

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Structure of the new group IEC 62271 2003-10-27

Slide 5

IEC 62271 HV Switchgear and controlgear

IEC 60694 2006


Part 1 Common clauses

IEC 60056 ü
Part 100 Circuit-breakers
IEC 60129 ü
?
102 Disconnectors / earthing switches
IEC 60265-1 103 Switches
IEC 60470 ?
106 Contactors

IEC 60298 2003 Part 200 Metal-enclosed switchgear


IEC 60466 2007
201 Insulation-enclosed switchgear
IEC 61330 2004
202 HV/LV prefabricated substations

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Transition to the new numbers (selection) 2003-10-27

Slide 6

3
s

1) New numbering for HV switchgear standards

2) Part 100 Circuit-breakers (summary)

3) Part 200 Metal-enclosed switchgear and controlgear


- Market required a revision
- Classifications
- Internal arc protection
- Inconsistencies

4) Conclusion and outlook

PTD M TIG
5240.48/Mü

IEC 62271-100 2003-10-27

Slide 7

• IEC 62271-100: Edition 2001-05

• Introduction of classes
E = electrical endurance
M = mechanical endurance
C = performance on capacitive switching

• Test procedures: Amendment 2 work in process


( serious debate and dispute within the committee )

• Remark: standard is partly „HV oriented“

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Changes in part 100 – Circuit-breakers 2003-10-27

Slide 8

4
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Characteristic Class Definition

M1 • normal, 2.000 operations


Mechanical endurance
• extended, 10.000 operations
M2
• at minimal maintenance

E1 • circuit-breaker ≠ class E2
Electrical endurance
• extended,
E2
• no maintenance of interrupting parts

Probability of restrike C1 • low


during capacitive current
breaking C2 • very low

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Circuit-breaker classes 2003-10-27

Slide 9

Standard circuit-breakers

• Classes: M2 ü
E2 ü selected interrupters
C2 (ü) is aimed for

• Supporting documentation available midyear 2004

Circuit-breaker modules for GIS

• Tests only within complete functional units


( see part 200 )

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Implementation in products – part 100 2003-10-27

Slide 10

5
s

1) New numbering for HV switchgear standards

2) Part 100 Circuit-breakers (summary)

3) Part 200 Metal-enclosed switchgear and controlgear


- Market required a revision
- Classifications
- Internal arc protection
- Inconsistencies

4) Conclusion and outlook

PTD M TIG
5240.48/Mü

IEC 62271-200 2003-10-27

Slide 11

• Adaption regarding
ð fixed and withdrawable switchgear
ð gas-insulated switchgear

• Insulation media: Gas ð Fluid

• Purpose based classifications regarding


ð Safety
ð Service continuity
ð Maintainability

• Upgrade of the internal arc fault test

• Formal reasons (e.g. IEC 60694)


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Market required a revision of IEC 60298 2003-10-27

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Metal enclosure Dielectric


discontinuity !

Metal-clad
• Partitions of metal
• Shutters of metal or insulating material
• Compartments for BB, „main switching device“, cable

Combined switches?
Compartmented
• similar to „metal-clad, but
partitions of insulating material
Compartmentalization:
ð ranking?
Cubicle
• all other designs ð effect on service?

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IEC 60298 – design classification 2003-10-27

Slide 13

Metal enclosure
Protection against
• external influences, Safety
contact and shock
option
• internal faults
Service
Metal-clad
continuity
Safe access to
compartments
Compartmented
while adjacent
compartments Maintain-
remain live ability
Cubicle

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The way to a purpose-based classification 2003-10-27

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Pattern
• Fixed or withdrawable switchgear?
Switching frequency, service and ambient conditions

Maintainability, service continuity and accessibility


• Need compartments be opened, which ones?
• Access controlled by interlocks, tools or procedures?
• Which compartments may be switched off for work?
• Need the place of work be free from electric fields?

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Concept for purpose-based classifications 2003-10-27

Slide 15

Metal-enclosed switchgear Internal arc


classification

Compartments
Partition
classes
non-accessible accessible

Loss of service continuity


categories – LSC

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New purposed-based classifications 2003-10-27

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Compartment Characteristic of access

Interlock-controlled • Access for normal operation and maintenance


accessible • Access enabled if HV parts are dead and earthed

Procedure-based • Access for normal operation and maintenance


accessible • Access controlled by locking and work instructions

Tool-based • Not to be opened for normal operation / maintenance


accessible • Tools for opening, specific procedure for access
• Not possible / not intended for user to open;
Non-accessible opening may destroy compartment
• Accessibilty not relevant ( indication to the user )

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Types of compartments and accessibility 2003-10-27

Slide 17

Categories of If one accessible compartment in a


Loss of Service Continuity functional unit is opened …

l adjacent functional units must be


LSC 1
switched off, at least another one

l all other functional units remain


LSC 2A
in service (energized)

LSC 2 l all other functional units remain


in service (energized) and the
LSC 2B
cable compartment of the opened
functional unit

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Loss of service continuity category 2003-10-27

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Partition classes Characteristics

Class PM • Metallic partitions and shutters between opened


( Partitions metallic ) compartment and live parts

• Dielectric conditions correspond to


metal enclosure

Class PI • Non-metallic partitions and shutters between


( Partitions non-metallic; opened compartment and live parts
i = insulating material )

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Dielectrical classification of partitions 2003-10-27

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Accessibility of compartments
• BB: tool-based
• CB: interlock-controlled
or procedure-based
• Cable: tool-based

Loss of service continuity


• Category LSC 2B

Partitions and shutters


• Class PM (metallic)

Internal fault protection


• Classification IAC

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Example 1 – AIS „metal-clad“ 2003-10-27

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Accessibility of compartments
• BB: tool-/procedure-based
• CB: interlock-controlled
• Cable: interlock-controlled

Loss of service continuity


• Category LSC 2A

Partitions and shutters


• Class PI (insulating material)

Internal fault protection


• Classification IAC

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Example 2 – AIS „cubicle“ 2003-10-27

Slide 21

Accessibility of compartments
• BB: tool-based
• CB: non-accessible
• Cable: tool-based

Loss of service continuity


• no loss

Partitions and shutters


• Class PM (metallic)

Internal fault protection


• Classification IAC

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Example 3 – GIS „metal-clad“ 2003-10-27

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Accessibility of compartments
• BB: tool-based
• DC, ES: non-accessible
• CB: interlock-controlled
• Cable: interlock-controlled

Loss of service continuity


• Category LSC 2A

Partitions and shutters


• Class PM (metallic)

Internal fault protection


• Classification IAC

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Example 4 – AIS „cubicle“ 2003-10-27

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• The classification „IAC“ applies to switchgear which meets


prescribed criteria for protection of persons in the event of
internal arc as demonstrated by the appropriate tests.

• Optional classification

• Today: test conditions are subject to agreement


New: defined test procedure
L
• Today: only assessment of the effects 1,0s

New: Test = passed / failed J


1,0s

J
0,1s

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IAC classification 2003-10-27

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12
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• Specimen fully equipped


(mock-ups permitted)

• Two functional units

• Test in each compartment,


in the end of the switchgear

• Accessibility A, B or C

• Duration 1 / 0,5 / 0,1 s

• SF6 may be replaced by air

• Arc initiation and direction of power flow

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Prescribed test conditions 2003-10-27

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• Standard
60 cm
test arrangement
ð Other arrangements
are permitted

• Ceiling height ≥ 2 m
10 cm if test specimen less
80 cm than 1,5 m high
oder
10 cm • Checkerboard pattern
covering 40 – 50 %
of the area

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Test arrangement (principle) 2003-10-27

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1. Covers and doors do not open,


new limited deformations are accepted
+ If switchgear mounted closer to the wall than tested:
new permanent deformations < distance to the wall
new hot gases are not direkted to the wall

2. No fragmentation of the enclosre,


new projection of small parts < 60 g accepted

3. No holes in the accessible sides up to a height of 2 m


new

4. Indicators do not ignite due to hot gases

5. Connection of the enclosure to earth remains effective


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Acceptance criteria 2003-10-27

Slide 27

Installations mounted closer


to the wall than tested (10 cm)
require:

• the permanent deformation


must be less than the
distance to the wall
• exhausting gases are not
directed to the wall

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Non-accessible rear side 2003-10-27

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• Classification: IAC ( „Internal Arc Classified“ )

• Type of accessibility: A (F, L, R)*


B (F, L, R)*
C

• Test values: current [ kA ] and duration [ s ]

Example 1: IAC A FLR 25 kA 1 s * F = Front


L = Lateral
Example 2: IAC BF-AR 16 kA 1 s R = Rear

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IAC designation on the nameplate 2003-10-27

Slide 29

• No LSC category for gas-insulated switchgear?


ð No, not relevant.
ð But, the reasons are not mentioned in the standard.

Ä Possible cause: debate about quality / ranking of GIS


in tenders and offers

Ä Measures by product marketing

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Inconsistencies 2003-10-27

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Reliability & Maintainability ð Service continuity

Availability of HV part AIS GIS


Need of maintenance yes

Extent of maintenance medium Accessibility not


relevant, since
Maintainability
determined by maintenance
Components to be repaired the features of not required
accessible easily the compartments
• LSC 1 / 2A / 2B
Probability of failures very low

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LSC categories aim at AIS 2003-10-27

Slide 31

GIS do not need accessible compartments, but on the contrary …

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8DC switchgear being flooded 2003-10-27

Slide 32

16
s

1) New numbering for HV switchgear standards

2) Part 100 Circuit-breakers (summary)

3) Part 200 Metal-enclosed switchgear and controlgear


- Market required a revision
- Classifications
- Internal arc protection „IAC“
- Inconsistencies

4) Conclusion and outlook

PTD M TIG
5240.48/Mü

IEC 62271 2003-10-27

Slide 33

• Adaption to modern switchgear technology


ð GIS (FIS) now better considered

• Market barrier for oil-insulated switchgear

• Purposed-based classifications introduced


ð chances for new designs?

• Internal arc fault test upgraded


ð test results are easier to compare

• Tests according to IEC 60298 remain valid


ð possibly supplementary tests to verify new requirements

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Conclusion – part 200 2003-10-27

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Air and gas-insulated switchgear

• IEC standard end of 2003 (beg. 2004) no transition period

• in 2004 european standard EN 62271-200


in Germany VDE 0671-200
ð Transition period 3 years ( CENELEC )

• Assessment of measures for implementation in progress


ð high expenditure

Ä Switchgear in 2004 still according to IEC 60298

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Implementation in products – part 200 2003-10-27

Slide 35

• Standard is an international compromise

• Part 100 circuit-breaker: not yet stable


2 amendments + 2 corrigenda

• Part 200 switchgear: „Maintenance Cycle Time“ 5 years


next revision scheduled for 2007
ð new technologies (?)
ð IAC classes for inner arc fault strength
ð Aspects of environmental compatibility
ð EMF - elektromagnetic fields

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Outlook 2003-10-27

Slide 36

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