11th E 1to4

Ch: 1 – MY LOST DOLLAR
Meanings:
Owe – to be required to pay money
Prospect – intention
Frank – honest
Recollection – remembrance
Grave – tomb
Relate – to tell in a descriptive way
At par – at the same value
Bear – carry
Grudge – bitterness
Quite – completely
Demeanour – conduct
Frequently – occasionally
Apparently – clearly
Theoretically – in theory
Probable - most likely to be true
Advance – to pay money as a loan
Starting – beginning journey
Synonyms:
Friend – enemy prospect – chance frank – honest grave – tomb
Relate – narrate recollection – remembrance esteem – respect practically – virtually
Absolute – completely
Antonyms:
Simply – complicated naturally – artificially odd – even together – scattered
Esteem – dislike slight – major forget – remember emphasis – unimportant
Settled – unsettled order – disorder grudge – forgiveness possible – impossible
Careless – careful debt – credit
Fill in the blanks:
1. I fear there is little prospect of his returning it.(less-degree word)
2. I trust to our friendship (opposite of enemity)
3. My grandmother has a big collection of lost thing at temple (lose)
4. The score on the flesh board was misleading (misled)
5. The candidate put forward a reference note (refer)
6. Rohit had totally forgotten the issue (past participle of ‘forget’)
7. He died very painful death (pleasant opposite word)
8. We should never forget our debt (‘credit’ opposite word)
Idioms and Phrases:
Clean gone – totally forgotten
Up to grave – up to death
At par – at the same value
On this side of the grave – up to your lifeline
To bear grudge – to have bitterness for someone
Upon rock basis – on strong foundation
Answer the following questions in brief:

1. When did Stephen Leacock part with his dollar? How?
‘My Lost Dollar’ by Stephen Leacock is an amusing story describing the author’s futile
attempts to get back his one dollar. Stephen Leacock parted with his dollar on 8th April. He
parted with his dollar as he lent it to his friend Todd to pay for taxi.
1st Floor, Green Avenue, Oop. Nilsagar Complex, Nr. Panchtirth School, 1
New Nikol-Naroda, Ahemdabad - 382330
2. Describe the way in which the author repeatedly wished to remind his friend of the dollar.
My Lost Dollar by Stephen Leacock is a story narrating the author’s attempts to retrieve one
dollar, he had lent to his friend Todd, to pay for the taxi. First of all, on receiving Todd at the
train, the author proposes to go by taxi thinking that it might remind Todd of his borrowed
dollar. Next while talking of currency in Bermuda, the author stresses the word American Dollar
to remind him of that dollar. One more trail the author tried by asking Todd the cost of his trip
but sadly Todd failed to recollect the issue of one dollar. Thus, in these different ways the
author repeatedly wished to remind his friend for the dollar.
3. Why does the author brood over a last cause? How?

dollar, he had lent to his friend Todd. In spite of many repeated efforts to remind Todd of that
one dollar, the author fails to bring it to his memory. This leads the author to a painful
introspection leading him to brood over a lost cause. He feels resigned to the loss of his dollar.
He starts thinking that, if forgetting small loans is so human, he himself could have taken such
loans and not paid them back. This painful realization unsettles him.
4. How does the author justify his act of borrowing?
dollar, he had lent to his friend Todd. After repeated vain attempts to remind his friend of that
one dollar, the author is now diverted to painful introspection. Agony-Sticken the author, starts
that he, himself might have borrowed such loans and have field to pay back. This realization
disturbs him. Hanged with the feeling of moral guilt, he justifies his borrowing by showing
readiness to pay back all such forgotten loans. He appeals in general to all his creditors to come
forward and claim their refunds. Thus, the author justifies his borrowings by showing readiness
to pay all his forgotten debts or loans
5. Comment on the irony in the text
My Lost Dollar by Stephen Leacock is an amusing story with ironic humour loaded in each
attempt of the author to get back one dollar from his friend. The author had lent a dollar to his
friend. Todd to pay for the taxi as he was running short of change. It happened very casually.
But later on it took the hold of the author’s mind. Unable to forget the issue, author starts
efforts get back that one dollar. Although the author keeps us assuring that he values friendship,
more than money but ironically he is not able to forget it. All his attempts like proposing to go
by taxi, talking about currency and stressing the word dollar or idea of Back to Honesty
movement are marked by subtle irony. At the end, painful introspection leads him to judge his
own self as borrower and helps him to justify Todd’s forgetfulness. In the conclusion, also the
author wishes that his friend about whom he has written the story should not read this story is
the height of irony
Ch: 2 – P.T. USHA : AGAINST ALL HURDLES

Meanings:
Lourels – honour inadequate – incomplete
Hurdles – obstacles sporting – lively
Daunting – discouraging outrun – beat
Outpaced – to go faster than someone else onlookers – observers
Stride – to walk with long steps equipped – provided
Fray – contest ditched – rejected
Elusive – difficult to catch reckoning – important
Numerous – many fame – glory
Humble – ordinary buff – admirer
Ounce – 16th of pound apathy – lack of interest
Synonyms:
Humble – gentle meets – competition outpaced – outstripped
Daunting – discouraged winner – champion dijection – sorrow
Triumphed – celebrate stride – march achiever – motivator
Allegation – claim memories – remembrance secure – riskless
Master – expert fast – speedy outrun – defeat
Profession – specialty formal – rigid praised – blessed
Dominate – control forward – ahead
Antonyms:
Humble – brave daunting – courage inadequate – adequate
Winner – loser push – pull allogation – compliment
Secure – unsecured formal – informal shock – expectation
Establishment – destruction next – previous
Idioms and Phrases:
Humble beginnings – lower-class situation
Financial shortcomings – shortage of money
Take a trip through time – recall the old memories
Plaguing – destroying
To set up – to establish
To put one’s best – to try one’s level best
To make come back – to return back activity or task
To go up the ladder – to go higher gradually

1. What was the motivating event in P.T. Usha’s early life?
P.T. Usha: Against All Hurdles in an article by Vinod Nair published in The Times of India. It
is an article which depicts the struggle of common girl how brought laurels to India and raced
her way to glory crossing various hurdles in life. P.T. Usha’s early life was that of jumping over
finces as a child. Attempting an extraordinary was perhaps not possible. It changed when she
was in Class 4 and her drill master told her to complete with a boy of Class 7 was a champion.
With no experience she ran and outrun the boy. She won. Everyone was stunned. The out
lookers praised her. She was noticed by everyone in school. Her parents knew nothing about
sports but her uncle who taught at the school motivated her and advised to pursue athletic
seriously
2. Describe her achievements at the international level.
her way to glory crossing various hurdles in life. P.T. Usha started her career at a very small age
when she was in class 7. She ran and won. In 1980, she participated in Pakistan’s National games
at Karachi where Indian and Chinese athlets were invitees. She won 100m and 200m sprints. She
also participated in the 1980 Moscow Olympics and was the youngest athlete in fray. She won
two silver medals at the 1982 Asiad. P.T. usha entered the 1984 Olympics without any
experience. She lose but still was a national heroine of India. When she returned back she got
cash price, a house and a car. After the Olympics she concentrated on the Angeles Olympics.
She won 1986 Seoul Asiad. She won 200m, 400m, 4x400m relay. In 1998, she participated in
Asian track and field championships in Japan and won bronze medals in the 200m, 400m, plus
two medals in the relay. Her achievements at international level bestowed her with Arjuna
award and Padmashri
3. How did the difference of a fraction second change P.T. Usha’s approach to competitions?
her way to glory crossing various hurdles in life. P.T. Usha entered the 1984 Olympics without
any experience of 400m hurdles. On the day of reckoning, she put every ounce of her energy
but missed the Olympic medal by hundredth of second. She never in her life till that day,
realized the difference between 55.42 seconds and 55.41 seconds would make such a difference
to her life. She was depressed. She cried for hours. She put her best but lost out. Olympics are
after all Oscars of sports. But she practiced more and more and created best version of herself.
4. ‚Losing is the key to winning‛. Explain.
her way to glory crossing various hurdles in life.
After losing the 1984 Olympics, P.T. Usha was shattered. She lost her medal by hundredth of
second. She never realized that 55.42 seconds and 55.41 seconds would make such a difference
to her life. She cried and cried but the best was she learnt the lesson out of it. The Los Angeles
Olympics presented her the opportunity of growing and improving herself overnight, not just as
an athlete but as a person also. After her defeat in 1984 Olympics she focused on 1986 Seoul
Asiad. She sat goals for herself. She proved ‚Losing is the key of Winning‛. After being shattered,
she grew once again and won 200m, 400m, 400m hurdles and 4x400m relay. Along with these,
she also won a little of ‚golden girl‛
5. ‚Marriage is not the end of a woman’s athlete’s career.‛ Do you agree? Why?
Marriage is an important part of life. In 1991, P.T. Usha married Sreenivasan, a CISE
inspector and athletics buff. She took a break from athletics. She was having a happy marriage
and they have a 10 year old son, Ujjawal, who attends school in Payyoli. But this was not an end.
Her husband inspired her and she made a comeback in 1994. It was all because of her husband’s
encouragement she participated in Asian Track and field Championship in Japan and won
bronze medals in the 200m, 400m plus two medals in relay. Thus, I would agree that marriage
is not the end of a woman athlete’s career
6. What are the problems she faced in life?
After her come back in athletics again she participated in Asian Track and Field
Championships in Japan and won bronze medals. A month later she set a new national mark for
the 200m, bettering her 1989 mark. People said that she was prime in her part but she did not
answer them back and just smiled in return. She realized that everyone worships the rising sun.
In 1986, P.T. Usha was appointed as a official of special duty for sports by Railways and 17 years
later she still have the same designation. She thought she was not enough to go up the ladder.
7. Give an account of the awards she received.
The following is the list of awards she received:
1. Won awards for 100m to 200m sprints in 1980
2. Two silver medals at 1982 Asiads
3. Won 200m, 400m, 400m hurdles and 4x400m relay in 1986, Seoul
Asiads
4. Won bronze medals in Asian Track and Field Championships in Japan
5. Arjuna award
6. Padmashri award
8. What is P.T. Usha’s mantra for success?
P.T. Usha wants the youngest to come up and win India elusive medals which she missed at
Olympics. ‚Try and Try again‛. She overcome and, so can millions of athlete in this country
Poem no: 1 – THE COROMANDEL FISHERS

Central Idea:
In this poem Sarojini Naidu says that the sun has risen and it looks as if the sky is prying to
the sun. the wind seems still sleepy in the arms of the dawn like a child and it has been
compared with a child who sleeps peacefully in the lap of mother. In the third time line the poet
says that the narrator is calling out all his fellow fisherman to gather the nets from the shore
and tells them to sail in their boats to capture the fish and begin their day. Fish are the wealth
of the fisherman. They call themselves the king of the sea.
The narrator informs all not to delay as they have to follow the seagull. The seagull is a bird
that knows where the fish are. The sea is their mother, the cloud is their brother and the waves
are their fellow fisherman. If there will be any storm in the sea, they trust the sea god who will
protect them by hiding in his breast.
In the last stanza the poet says that the shade of the coconut glade, the scent of the mango
grove are very sweet. But for the fisherman the sand and voices of the waves are sweeter. The
waves and foam of the waves are calling them. In the last line the sun is setting so the
fishermen are refusing to their home, looking at the low sky that unites with the sea.
Meaning:
Coromandel – south eastern coastal region of India wakening – conscious
Dawn – early morning catamarans – sailboats
Leaping – to make a large jump hasten – be quick
Sea gull – eagle of the sea comrades – fellows
Cocoanut – coconut glade – a small area of grass
Mango grove – a group of mango trees glee – pleasure
Edge – the outer point of something verge – boundary
Mates – unites

1. Who are referred to as ‘brother’ by the poet?
The brothers are the other fisherman
2. When do the fisherman set out for the sea?
The fisherman set out for the sea, at wakening skies in the early morning at dawn
3. How is the wind described?
The wind lies asleep in the arms of a dawn like a child that has cried all night
4. Do you think that fisherman are safe at sea? Justify your stand.
Yes, the fisherman are safe at sea because the sea is their mother and the sea god will protect
them.
5. How do the fisherman claim kinship with nature?
The fisherman claim kiship with nature by saying sea as a mother, cloud as brother and waves
as their comrades
6. What is described as sweet by the fisherman?
Shade of the coconut glade is described as sweet by fisherman. An open space in wood or forest,
scent of the mango grove, a small wood, orchard or group of trees and the sands at the full of
the moon are described as ‘sweet’.
7. How far do the fisherman wish to go?
The fisherman wish to go to the edge of the boundary.
Figures of speech:
1. No longer delay, let us hasten away in the track of the sea gull’s call,
Antithesis – two opposites are used ‘delay’ and ‘hasten’.
2. Come, let us gather our nets from the shore and set our catamarans free,
Antithesis – two opposites are given ‘gather’ and ‘free’.
3. Repetition – There are lines in which words are repeated like ‘Rise, brothers, Rise’ and ‘Row,
brothers, Row‛
4. Hyperbole – The exaggeration has been represented as ‚We are the kings of the sea‛, ‘Row to
the edge of the verge’ etc
5. Litotes – there is negative expression which means positive thing in a line ‘No longer delay’
Supplementary – 1 – THE BET

Meanings:
To pace – to measure wing – cell capital punishment – sense of death
Threshold – entrance gate obsolete – extinct solitary – solely
Immoral – unscrupulous to violate – to infringe a priori – fact
Foes – enemies execution – enforcement to yawn – feeling bored
Ensued – emerged stake – danger rapture – exaltation
Supper – meal greed – craving gaoler – jailer
Wreckage – debris speculation – problems decay – vanish
Envious – jealousy damp – reject agitation – excitation
Hoarse – thicker shaggy – bushy sunken – baptize
Emaciation – infirmity ethereal – weird summits – apex
Ridges – queue of hills lump – bulge slag – wastage
To marvel – miracle odour – fragrance to barter – to exchange

1. Why is the banker not able to forget the party he had hosted?
The banker was having visit to the place where he had given party before fifteen years. He
went to flash back on that day when he gave bet to the lawyer regarding capital punishment.
Discussion was replaced with anger and short temper. In his anger he had given bet to the
lawyer who was talking against capital punishment. But the banker, after fifteen years realized
that he had done wrong bet and now he had to pay two millions on next day and so he would
be ruined completely. Now he was thinking why he had done such a wrong bet to the lawyer.
On that party, the banker had created wrong bet about which he realizes after fifteen years.
That is why he is not able to forget the party.
2. How was the young man kept in confinement?

On the party evening, there was a general discussion about capital punishment and life
imprisonment. The banker told that capital imprisonment is better than life imprisonment.
According to him, it was on the other side, a young lawyer who was of twenty, was thinking
that it is better to be lived at least than to be dead. On this matter, the banker lost his temper
and in his anger he gave a bet to lawyer that if lawyer can live imprisoned then after fifteen
years he will pay him two millions, On the basis of that bet, a lawyer was kept in confinement.
3. In what way did the banker discourage the young man against the bet?
The banker told the young lawyer that he is going to waste his fifteen years of his growing
career. If he once goes to be imprisoned, the banker would not stick him out in any
circumstances. He told that voluntary is much heavier than enforced imprisonment. According
to him, he should escape from the decision because it will kill him in the cell. It will be like to
commit suicide by poison in prison. By these disgusting words, he was discouraging the young
lawyer.
4. Give the reason why the banker was asked to fire shots in the garden?
During second half of the sixth year of imprisonment, the lawyer was used to study different
languages with various volumes. Philosophy and history by different books. When he became
confident, he wrote a letter to the banker in six different languages. And he challenged the
banker to make his letter checked by different languages experts. And if there could not be
found any mistake in any language, the banker should fire off in garden, so that he would come
to know that he had not done any mistakes in any language. The banker fulfilled his wish and
he found no mistake in lawyer’s letter with the help of language experts. The banker fired off in
the garden for lawyer that there is no any mistake.
5. Describe why the banker was unhappy as the period of capital punishment was coming to an
end.
The banker was seem very egoist and proudy when he gave the bet to the lawyer to be
imprisoned foe fifteen years. But when time has passed he gets worried that how this young
lawyer can live without any connection with world. Even he was living very happily after he was
connected with different books. The banker was feeling jealous of him and wished that the
lawyer should be dead. He thought that the lawyer wins the bet, he has to pay him two millions.
If he pays two millions, he will be ruined completely. And he will have to beg for money in front
of the lawyer. The banker had been debted in stock exchange through these years. So he is
worried to exist in the world. For this reason, the banker was unhappy as the period of capital
punishment was coming to an end.
6. What was the prisoner’s letter about?
The lawyer had left the letter to the banker on the time of his death. The banker first took
pride that he had won the bet. But when he read the letter, he came to know that the lawyer
had much more heart than him. He said that he had been changed after reading spiritual,
philosophy and logical books. Now he does not need any money from the banker and also that
he believed that these fifteen years of his career were not wastage but they were worthful. He
know wanted to be in peace and did not want any worldly necessary things from the banker. He
became happy throughout these fifteen years. The letter told that the lawyer wanted to let the
banker win the bet and happy in life ahead.
7. Give a pen-portrait of the prisoner.
On the party evening, there was a general discussion about capital punishment and life
imprisonment. The young lawyer at a party in a moment of excitement gave his opinion in
favour of the imprisonment for life. The banker then told him that he would give him two
millions if he remained in confinement even for 5 years. Then the lawyer accepted the bet and
agreed to remain in confinement for fifteen years.
The reading of books o religion and philosophy during the imprisonment created a
great effect on the mind of lawyer. The loneliness also provided him an opportunity for thinking
on the problems of life. Now he had got all experiences of life through books. He had
experienced the pains and pleasures of life through books. He had enjoyed the beauties of
nature in all its aspects through the books. As such he informed the banker that he had no
desire for his two millions. He renounced this amount and decided to go away from his room
five minutes before the fixed time, thus losing the won bet.
Ch: 3 – KITE FLYING

Meanings:
Unusual – differing in some way from normal traded – to replace
Trickled – to move slowly rut – to have a dull routine
Slob – a lazy person vacantly – insanely
Stirring – inspiring wrench – jerk
Cynic – faultfinder vault – to leap
Ritual – repeated set of actions entrust – to trust the care of
Conventions – gathering incongruous – out place
Unkempt – untidy vanished – to become visible
Escaped – to get rid of harness – put to use
Chassis – frame lieu – instead of
Loop – the opening formed aspiration – to hope
Saor – to fly aloft with little effort as a bird navigate – to travel
Manipulate – to control with something earthbound – confined to earth
Brambles – any throny shrub mangled – deformed
Forlornly – left behind anchored – to provide emotional stability
Synonyms:
Wondering – admiring row – sequence doubtless – sure
Worry – concern dreaded – fear slob – boor
Symbol – sign altered – changed mangled – deshaped
Restless – tense routine – regular incongruous – absurd
Vanish – disappear
Antonyms:
Evening – morning wrench – thrust introvert – extrovert
Ordinary – extraordinary visible – invisible patient – impatient
Vacantly – occupied finite – infinite ending – beginning
Routine – unusual late – early predictable – unpredictable
Fill in the blanks:
1) I think you are getting restless with this introduction. (introduce)
2) I was not an unusual day for rahul. (antonym of usual)
3) The runs would not make any difference in his over. (different)
4) Shanaya was not comfortable in her new dress. (comfort)
5) As the result dates were coming near Mansi got terribly afraid and unpatient. (opposite +
patience)
6) Omesh seemed to become an aspiration for the slum kids and their parents. (aspire)
7) I asked him the rates of chocolates motioning to the jar.(motion)
8) Shivam found himself laughing at the of big comedian. (laugh)
9) We were not children anymore so the idea of climbing a tree seemed funny. (child)
10) The stranger at imbankment was dressed unkemptly (synonym of slovenly)
11) The distance to be covered was still infinite. (antonym of limited)
12) I peeped out of the bus vacantly (vacant)
13) Karan worked in a very prestigious institute of software. (prestige)
14) His smiling face has a power to win hearts. (smile)
15) He upturned to a gangster after his family died. (turn)
Idioms and Phrases:
Like an altered being – feel being totally different
Being driven back – was returning back
Year trickled away – years passed away
Running out of time – running short of time
Sealed up – limited
To be entrusted – to be given responsibility
Felt light-hearted – feel relaxed
To harness – to make usable
Soar in the wind – reach to new heights
Grounded again – destroyed or mixed up with earth again

1. Why is the author in a pensive mood?
‘Kite Flying’ by Makarand Paranjape describes the mood tentrums of an executive who is
bored of his routine life. It also deals with positive change brought by kites in his mundane life.
The author is in a pensive mood because he lives a very casual and routine life. In doing so,
years have passed and some how he has become terribly afraid and impatient. He becomes
anxious expecting something unusual to happen to let him get rid of his boring routine life. He
is afraid of becoming an average, nameless, uncreative and predictable guy. So he is in a pensive
mood.
2. Give instances from the lesson to prove that the author was an introvert.
The author has indeed, an introvert, a person who minds his own business and doesn’t get
mixed up with other people easily. First of all, for-instance he describes his routine life which is
very boring and routine. It is because he is not very friendly with his colleagues. He is indeed,
introvert because inspite of having wife and a young daughter in a family, he live very routine
life. They are enough to make life for any person. Next he says that the shopkeepers were
surprised to see him, it is because he must not be a regular customer. After that, he did share
anything about his ‘Kite buying’ to his wife and daughter. On the contarory, he kept secretly
them in the guest bed-room. This shows that he was introvert and he did not share many of his
feelings with others.
3. Do you think that the author was a novice(beginner) in kite flying? Why?
No, the author was not novice in kite flying, rather he is an expertise of kite flying as he
knows a lot about kite flying. He loves kites as he has spent his childhood in a ‘pol’ in Baroda,
Gujarat. He knows all the practical methodologies of kite flying. He harnessed the kite by tying
‘Chatting’. He made two holes with ‘agarbatti’ and tied the thread to the kite. He used double
thread which is must for good flight of kite. He very well knows which brand thread to use.
After tying, he measured the loop of thread as checklist. Besides this, he is well aware of the
methods of kite flying namely ‘kheench’ and ‘dheel’! All this knowledge proves that the author
has not a novice in kite flying, but was an expert kite flyer.
4. What transformation took place in the author after he bought the kites?
In a transport, of both confusion and ‘deja vu’, the author purchased kites. After buying
it, he felt light-hearted. He felt light-hearted after a long time.
5. What has he author compared kite flying to? How?
Kite flying is compared to human cycle of life and death, no matter how high the kite
flies or reaches. At the end, it has to be lowered. The same way, as all human being rich poor,
healthy sick, successful –novice etc. we all have to die finally. The invisible string like destiny
always controls, navigates and manipulates our lives. The way our kite is anchored to us, so our
lives. Earthbound, kite at the end, caught, captured remounted or mangles symbolises is our
cycle of life and birth. We all have to die and mixed upto earth and once again. We have to
regenerate in some other form.
6. Comment on the ending of the story.
‘Kite Flying’ by Makarand Paranjape describes the mood tentrums of an executive who is bored
of his routine life. It also deals with positive change brought by kites in his mundane life.
After describing in detail about the routine life and the transformation brought in his life
by kites, the author does not advance to describe what he did after tying ‘kinya’ to kites. He
doesn’t want to be predictable, rather ends with few meditative and philosophical lines. The
author assumed whatever he wants. He ends with few meditative and philosophical lines. The
author sums up the story by symbolising kite flying to our own inner freedom and the cycle of
birth-death and rebirth in other form. Thus, at the end, we feel elated and philosophical.

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Ch: 1 – MY LOST DOLLAR

Answer the following questions in brief:

3. Why does the author brood over a last cause? How?

Ch: 2 – P.T. USHA : AGAINST ALL HURDLES

Answer the following questions in brief:

Poem no: 1 – THE COROMANDEL FISHERS

Answer the following questions in brief:

Supplementary – 1 – THE BET

Answer the following questions in brief:

2. How was the young man kept in confinement?

Ch: 3 – KITE FLYING

Answer the following questions in brief:

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