Natural Science Rchmond

Food and nutrients REINFORCEMENT
Name Date
1 Use the colour key and circle the words.
give us energy ▶ red help us grow ▶ blue keep us healthy ▶ green
sardines – yoghurt – grapes – eggs – rice – olive oil – pasta – bacon –

milk – carrots – bread – butter – strawberries – lettuce – cheese
2 Label the food wheel. Write carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals and vitamins,
water and exercise, and calcium.
3 Why are water and exercise in the centre of the food wheel?
4 Match and make correct sentences.
a. A sufficient diet gives you the right amount of nutrients.
b. A balanced diet gives you the right amount of energy.
22 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
REINFORCEMENT
5 Read and complete the sentences.
a. You need f and c for energy.
b. You need p to grow.
c. You need v and m to be healthy.
d. You need f for your digestive system to work well.
6 Look at the food. Circle the nutrients they give you.
proteins fibre carbohydrates
fibre proteins fats
minerals carbohydrates proteins
fats vitamins fibre
7 Tick (✔ ) the correct sentence.
a. Calcium is a mineral that makes up our bones.
b. Carbohydrates make up our bones.
8 Circle the healthier food in each pair of words.
oil / butter cheese / milk grapes / biscuits
sausages / chicken croissant / bread tomato / pizza
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 23
Food and nutrients EXTENSION
Name Date
Pizza, glorious pizza!

Pizza has been around for a long time!
The Romans, for example, ate flatbread
made of flour and water, and topped
it with olive oil and herbs. When tomatoes
were introduced from the New World,
the people of Naples, in Italy, added them
to their pizzas. One day in 1889, Queen
Margherita of Italy went to Naples and ordered
a special lunch. The restaurant owner made
a pizza with the colours of the Italian flag to honour
the queen. He used tomatoes for red, mozzarella cheese for white
and basil for green. The queen loved it, so the dish was named Pizza Margherita.
Early in the 20th century, Italian immigrants to New York City started to make a new version
of pizza which became very popular all over the United States. Today, pizza is an
international dish that can have many different toppings, such as tuna, mushrooms and
olives.
1 Read the text and answer the questions.
a. What ingredient did the people of Naples add to pizzas?
b. What are the ingredients of Pizza Margherita?
c. Why is it called Pizza Margherita?
d. Where is pizza eaten today?
e. What are some of the toppings pizza can have?
2 Draw and write about your favourite pizza.

My favourite pizza
Name:
Ingedients:
Main nutrients:
Food and nutrients EXTENSION
Name Date
Food around the world

All around the world, people enjoy food which
varies according to culture, availability and even
religion. Some foods can be quite unusual.
For example, Eskimos eat whale blubber,
Japanese people eat raw fish, Canadians eat
reindeer meat, Indonesian people eat monkey
toes, and people in Thailand eat insects!
Food is not only important for nutrition. It is also part of many social celebrations. On New
Year’s Day, people in China eat long noodles for long life. In other countries, people eat
green, leafy vegetables as a symbol of economic success because their green leaves look
like folded money. In other countries, people eat pulses, which look like little coins, and are
also considered a symbol of money.
At weddings, Italians and Greeks serve sugar-coated almonds which, being both sweet
and bitter, represent the highs and lows of marriage. Traditional wedding cakes in England
contain fruits and nuts, symbols of fertility and good fortune.
1 Circle the correct words.
a. Based on weather / culture, people eat different foods around the world.
b. Reindeer meat / Raw fish is an unusual food eaten in Canada.
c. An unusual food eaten in Thailand is insects / monkey toes.
d. Foods like reindeer meat and insects mainly provide carbohydrates / proteins.
e. In England, fruits and nuts are symbols of fertility / prosperity and good fortune.
2 Search the Internet for other foods for special celebrations.

Then, complete the table.
country celebration food symbolic of
Food and nutrients ASSESSMENT
Name Date
1 Read the sentences and match.
a. This helps our digestive system work correctly. carbohydrates and fats
b. We need them to grow. fibre
c. We need them to stay healthy. proteins
d. They give us energy. vitamins and minerals
2 Is this a healthy breakfast? Explain.
3 Circle the foods you should eat every day.
4 What nutrients does each of these foods contain?
a. yoghurt ▶ d. green peppers ▶
b. olive oil ▶ e. lentils ▶
c. bread ▶ f. pasta ▶
5 Cross out the odd food in each food group.
A B C
ASSESSMENT
6 How much should you eat? Write more or less.
a. If you are overweight, you should eat .
b. If you are underweight, you should eat .
c. If you do a lot of exercise, you should eat .
d. If you are old, you should eat .
e. If you are young, you should eat .
7 Find and circle four nutrients. Then, write.
r x p v d s m z
s o g i l a i v
p r o t e i n s
g s w a e t e b
f k t m x y r p
y i p i a n a j
r t a n q d l w
f a t s l c s o
t 8IJDINBJOOVUSJFOUJTNJTTJOHGSPNUIFXPSETFBSDI
8 Cross out the least healthy food for each meal. Write a healthier option.
a. Breakfast: orange juice, toast, cereal, a piece of cake.
b. Lunch: salad, chicken, chips, peas.
c. Dinner: a hamburger, carrot soup, an omelette, fish.
Food and nutrients TEST
Name Date
1 Carbohydrates and fats are examples of…

a. proteins. b. nutrients. c. minerals.
2 Proteins are found in…

a. meat, fish and eggs.
b. fruit and vegetables.
c. bread, potatoes, rice and pasta.
3 Calcium…
a. is a very important protein.
b. makes up your bones and helps you to grow.
c. provides your body with energy.
4 A diet that gives you the right amount of nutrients is…

a. sufficient. b. active. c. balanced.
5 Your body obtains vitamins, minerals and fibre from…

a. fruit and vegetables.
b. meat, fish and pulses.
c. brown sugar, oil and butter.
6 Dairy products include…

a. bread and sugar. b. milk and yoghurt. c. bacon and eggs.
7 Wholegrain foods are healthier because they…

a. contain fibre.
b. are grown on special farms.
c. are made with healthy oils.
8 Your daily diet should include three…

a. pieces of fruit. b. snacks. c. processed foods.
9 You should eat…

a. three meals a day. b. four meals a day. c. five meals a day.
10 Experts think the Mediterranean diet is…
a. not traditional. b. very healthy. c. too oily.
Food and nutrients INVESTIGATE
Name Date
1 Which foods contain fat?
Instructions
1. In pairs, select five or six different foods,
for example, an apple, chips, a banana,
biscuits, a carrot, bread or cheese.
Cut them into pieces.
2. Cut some brown wrapping paper into five
10 cm squares.
3. Rub a piece of each food on a square until
it leaves a mark. Label the squares and allow
them to dry.
4. When dry, hold the squares against the light.
If there is a greasy spot, the food contains
fat. Measure the diameter of each grease
spot with a ruler. The size of the grease spot
tells us how much fat there is in the food.
5. Complete the table.
diameter
food fat no fat
of grease spot
6. Analyse your results and answer the questions.
a. Which food leaves the biggest grease spot?
b. Which is the food with the least fat?
c. Which is the food with the most fat?
Keeping healthy REINFORCEMENT
Name Date
1 Complete the sentences about healthy habits.
clean – sleep – posture – diet – exercise
a. Get enough .
b. Keep your body .
c. Do regular .
d. Eat a healthy and balanced .
e. Have good to look after your back.
2 Circle the healthy habits.
A B C
D E F
3 Read these sentences about doing exercise. Write T (true) or F (false).
a. Exercise makes you more flexible.
b. Team sports are not as healthy as individual sports.
c. Exercise makes your muscles and bones stronger.
d. By practising a team sport you learn to work in a group.
e. Swimming is not very good for your lungs and heart.
REINFORCEMENT
4 Match the methods of preserving foods to the definitions.
a. cooling It helps to eliminate organisms that spoil food.
b. adding preservatives You preserve food in the fridge or freezer to make it last longer.
c. heating Some substances are added to foods so they do not go off.
5 Which of these foods are fresh and which are processed? Classify.
processed fresh
6 Write two sentences in the correct order.
hygiene Food is to prevent illness essential
a.
ill make Dirty food can you
b.
7 Use the code and find out a healthy habit.
t5A ≈5C ∩5D ∪5E ∼ 5F ♣5G ◊5H ⊃5I ⊂5L ★5P

♦5 M ∧ 5 N ∨ 5 O ♠5R ∅5S ∗5T ♥5U ≅5V ∴5W ∆5Y
≈◊⊃⊂∩♠∪∧ ∧∪∪∩ ∗∨ ∅⊂∪∪★ ∗∪∧ ◊∨♥♠∅ t ∩t ∆
Keeping healthy EXTENSION
Name Date
Sleeping and dreaming

Sleep is very important for keeping healthy.
When we sleep enough we can pay better
attention at school, be in a good mood and
solve problems more efficiently. Children
need to sleep ten hours a night.
Everybody dreams every night. In one
night, we can have four to seven dreams.
The things we dream about can be related
to our friends and family, our favourite TV
shows, or something we are happy or
worried about. We do not always remember our dreams. We forget most of our dreams
when we wake up.
Animals dream, too. Have you ever watched a dog while it is sleeping? Dogs move their
paws when they sleep like they are running.
1 Put the words in order to make sentences. Then, find and underline
these sentences in the text.
a. hours / to sleep / need / a night / ten / Children.
b. dreams / In one night, / four to seven / have / can / we.
c. always / We / our / do / dreams / not / remember.
2 Koalas sleep 22 hours a day! Search the Internet and find how many hours
your favourite animal sleeps.
3 Keep a dream journal for a week. Write your dreams and share them with your
classmates.
Keeping healthy EXTENSION
Name Date
Visiting an art museum

One great option for a leisure activity
is visiting an art museum.
Art museums display paintings
and sculptures.
Most famous art museums are
located in big cities. The Prado
Museum is in Madrid. The Louvre
Museum is in Paris. The Tate
Gallery is in London. The Museum
of Modern Art is in New York.
Art museums look after their
paintings carefully because
they are of great historical
and cultural interest. Many
paintings are hundreds of years old.
Many people work in art museums. The director runs the art museum and is
in charge of all the employees. Art restorers repair damaged paintings so that they
are in perfect condition. Security guards protect the paintings which are displayed
in the museums.
1 Read the text and answer the questions.
a. What is an art museum?
b. Why do art museums look after their paintings?
c. What does an art restorer do?
d. What does a security guard do in an art museum?
e. Think of an art museum you have visited. What type of paintings did you see?
Keeping healthy ASSESSMENT
Name Date
1 Who is looking after their health? Write H (healthy) or N (not healthy).
2 Tick (✔ ) the good posture.
3 Match to make sentences about healthy habits.
a. We need to exercise our backs.

b. We must eat enough water.
c. We need to look after hours of sleep a night.
d. We need ten regularly.
e. We must drink a healthy and balanced diet.
4 Complete the sentences with the correct words.
energy – rest – healthy – tired – ill – recover – sleep
a. After a busy day, we feel .
b. Sleep keeps our body and gives it .
c. Sleep also helps us to .
d. Children need to ten hours a day.
e. People who sleep badly get .
f. We need to after a long day.
ASSESSMENT
5 Give two examples of natural foods and two of processed foods.
a. natural foods ▶
b. processed foods ▶
6 What stages does the food go through? Complete the words and match.
A B C
f i s p
7 Read the sentences and write T (true) or F (false). Then, correct the false
sentences.
a. Playing electronic games is a leisure activity.
b. Physical exercise is not good for your heart.
c. You must brush your teeth after every meal to avoid tooth decay.
d. You must wash your hands only once a day.
e. Pulses and cereals need preserving.
f. Heating, cooling and adding preservatives are methods to preserve food.
Keeping healthy TEST
Name Date
1 Physical exercise is good for your…

a. body. b. mind. c. body and mind.
2 When you are sitting or walking, …

a. you should keep your back straight.
b. do not carry weight.
c. remember to keep quiet.
3 Hygiene means keeping your body…

a. rested. b. straight. c. clean.
4 You should brush your teeth for about…

a. thirty seconds. b. two minutes. c. five minutes.
5 For good food hygiene, it is important to…

a. wash your hands before every meal.
b. eat natural foods at every meal.
c. eat quickly at every meal.
6 Foods that do not need preserving include…

a. pulses. b. meat. c. frozen foods.
7 Heating…
a. is called refrigeration.
b. means adding preservatives.
c. helps to eliminate organisms that spoil food.
8 Leisure activities are things we do…

a. in our free time. b. at school. c. at work.
9 Electronic games can be educational…

a. so we should play them all the time.
b. but we should do other activities as well.
c. but we should never play them.
10 Children need to sleep…
a. six hours a day. b. eight hours a day. c. ten hours a day.
Keeping healthy INVESTIGATE
Name Date
Food and teeth

Egg shell is very similar to tooth enamel.
We can use it to see how different liquids
can damage tooth enamel.
Instructions
1. Work in groups.
2. Each group has 3 pieces of clean egg shell, 3 jars, water, some lemon juice and some
cola drink.
3. Put a piece of egg shell in a jar with water, another in a jar with lemon juice and another
in a jar with the cola drink.
4. Label the three jars.
5. Leave them on a shelf for a week and observe how the pieces of shell change.
6. Complete the table.
water lemon juice cola drink
Does the colour change?
Are there any stains?
Is the piece of shell weaker?
7. Compare the results and answer the questions.
a. Which shell changed colour the most?
b. Which shell was the most damaged?
c. Do you think these liquids would affect your teeth in the same way?

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Food and nutrients REINFORCEMENT

1 Use the colour key and circle the words.

give us energy ▶ red help us grow ▶ blue keep us healthy ▶ green

sardines – yoghurt – grapes – eggs – rice – olive oil – pasta – bacon –

4 Match and make correct sentences.

a. A sufficient diet gives you the right amount of nutrients.

b. A balanced diet gives you the right amount of energy.

5 Read and complete the sentences.

a. You need f and c for energy.

b. You need p to grow.

c. You need v and m to be healthy.

d. You need f for your digestive system to work well.

6 Look at the food. Circle the nutrients they give you.

proteins fibre carbohydrates

fibre proteins fats

minerals carbohydrates proteins

fats vitamins fibre

7 Tick (✔ ) the correct sentence.

a. Calcium is a mineral that makes up our bones.

b. Carbohydrates make up our bones.

8 Circle the healthier food in each pair of words.

oil / butter cheese / milk grapes / biscuits

sausages / chicken croissant / bread tomato / pizza

Pizza, glorious pizza!

1 Read the text and answer the questions.

a. What ingredient did the people of Naples add to pizzas?

b. What are the ingredients of Pizza Margherita?

c. Why is it called Pizza Margherita?

d. Where is pizza eaten today?

e. What are some of the toppings pizza can have?

2 Draw and write about your favourite pizza.

Food around the world

1 Circle the correct words.

b. Reindeer meat / Raw fish is an unusual food eaten in Canada.

c. An unusual food eaten in Thailand is insects / monkey toes.

2 Search the Internet for other foods for special celebrations.

country celebration food symbolic of

1 Read the sentences and match.

2 Is this a healthy breakfast? Explain.

3 Circle the foods you should eat every day.

4 What nutrients does each of these foods contain?

a. yoghurt ▶ d. green peppers ▶

b. olive oil ▶ e. lentils ▶

5 Cross out the odd food in each food group.

6 How much should you eat? Write more or less.

a. If you are overweight, you should eat .

b. If you are underweight, you should eat .

c. If you do a lot of exercise, you should eat .

d. If you are old, you should eat .

e. If you are young, you should eat .

7 Find and circle four nutrients. Then, write.

a. Breakfast: orange juice, toast, cereal, a piece of cake.

b. Lunch: salad, chicken, chips, peas.

c. Dinner: a hamburger, carrot soup, an omelette, fish.

1 Carbohydrates and fats are examples of…

2 Proteins are found in…

4 A diet that gives you the right amount of nutrients is…

5 Your body obtains vitamins, minerals and fibre from…

6 Dairy products include…

7 Wholegrain foods are healthier because they…

8 Your daily diet should include three…

9 You should eat…

10 Experts think the Mediterranean diet is…