1.

In a concentric tube counterflow heat exchanger water flows through the inner tube (D1 = 25 mm) at the
rate of 12 kg/min while an oil flows through the outer annulus (Do = 45 mm) at the rate of 6 kg/min. The
inlet temperatures of oil and water are 1000C and 300C respectively. What should be the length of the
exchanger for an oil outlet temperature of 600C. Take U = 37.8 W/m2-K, Cp (oil) = 2130 J/kg-K and Cp (water)
= 4187 J/kg-K.
2. 3000 kg/h of furnace oil is to be heated from 100C in a shell-and-tube type heat exchanger. The oil is to
flow inside the tubes while steam at 1200C is flowing through the shell. If the tube size is 1.9 cm O.D. and
1.65 cm I.D., determine the number of passes, number of tubes per pass and the length of each tube.
3. Determine the area of a one-shell pass and 2 tube pass heat exchanger to heat water with a mass flow
rate of 68 kg/min from 350C to 750C by an oil having a specific heat of 1.9 kJ/kg-K. the oil, flowing through
the tubes, enters the exchanger at 1100C and leaves at 750C. tye overall heat transfer coefficients maybe
taken as 320 W/m2-K.
4. A given heat exchanger can be designed to have a U value of 2770 W/m 2-0C with a variety of different
configurations (double pipe parallel; double pipe counterflow; cross-flow with both fluids unmixed and
cross-flow with one fluid mixed). Find the heat transfer surfaces or each case if equal flow rates of water
91.26 kg/s) are used and one fluid is cooled fluid is cooled from 940C to 720C while the other fluid is initially
at 380C.
5. In a chemical processing plant water at the rate of 13 620 kg/h is heated from 37.8 0C to 54.40C in tubes
with 6 810 kg/h hot water (on the shell side) entering the exchanger at 93.330C. The average velocity of
water in the tubes is 36.6 cm/s. The tube diameter is 1.9 cm and the overall heat transfer coefficient is 1
420 kW/m2-K. If the floor space available cannot accommodate tube longer than 2.44 m, calculate the
number of tube passes, number of tubes per pass and the length of each tube.
6. Hot engine oil available 1500C flowing through the shell side is used to heat 2.4 kg/s of water from 20 0C
to 800C in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Water flows through eight tubes of 25mm diameter. Each
tubes makes six passes through the shell. The exit oil temperature 900C. Neglecting the tube wall
resistance, find the oil flow rate and the length of the tubes. Take the oil side heat transfer coefficient as
400 W/m2. For engine oil at 1400C, Cp = 2.34 kJ/kg-K. For water at 500C, Cp = 4.181 kJ/kg-K, µ= 458 x 10-6
N-s/m2, k= 0.643 W/m-K and Pr= 3.56.
7. In an oil cooler, oil enters at 1600C. If water entering at 350C flows parallel to oil, the exit temperatures of
oil and water are 900C and 700C respectively. Determine the exit temperatures of oil and water if the two
fluids flow in opposite directions. Assume that the flow rates of the two fluids and Uo remain unaltered.
What would be the minimum temperatures to which oil could be cool in paerallel flow and counter-flow
operations.
8. Hot oil is to be cooled in a double-tube counter-flow heat exchanger. The copper inner tubes have a
diameter of 2 cm and negligible thickness. The inner diameter of the outer tube (the shell) is 3 cm. Water
flows through the tube at the rate of 0.5 kg/s, and the oil through the shell of 0.8 kg/s . Taking the average
temperatures of the water and tye oil to be 450C and 800C, respectively, determine the overall heat
transfer coefficient of this heat exchanger.
9. A double-pipe (shell-and-tube) heat exchanger is constructed of a stainless steel (k=15.1 W/m-0C) inner
tube of inner diameter Di= 1.5 cm and outer diameter D0 = 1.9 cm and an outer shell of inner diameter 3.2
cm. The convection heat transfer coefficient is given to be hi= 800 W/m-0C on the inner surface of the
tube and h0=1200 W/m2-0C on the outer surface. For a fouling factor of Rf,i= 0.0004 m2-0C/W on the tube
side and Rf,o= 0.0001 m2-0C/W on the shell side, determine (a) the thermal resistance of the heat
exchanger per unit length and (b) the overall heat transfer coefficients , Ui and Uo based on the inner and
the outer surface areas of the tube, respectively.
10. Steam in the condenser of a power plant is to be condensed at a temperature of 300C with cooling water
from the nearby lake, which enters the tubes of the condenser at 14v and leaves at 220C. The surface area
of the tubes is 45 m2, and the overall heat transfer coefficient is 2100 W/m2-0C. Determine the mass flow
rate of the cooling water needed and the rate of condensation of the steam in the condenser.
11. A counter-flow double-pipe heat exchanger is to heat water from 200C to 800C at a rate of 1.2 kg/s. the
heating is to be accomplished by geothermal water available at 1600C at a mass flow rate of 2 kg/s. The
inner tube is thin-walled and has a diameter of 1.5 cm. If the overall heat transfer coefficient of the heat
exchanger is 640 W/m2. 0C, determine the length of the heat exchanger required to achieve the desired
heating.
12. A 2-shell passes and 4-tube passes heat exchanger is used to heat glycerine from 200C to 500C by hot
water, which enters the thin-walled 2 cm diameter tubes at 800C and leaves at 400C. The total length of
the tubes in the heat exchanger is 60 m. The convection heat transfer coefficient is 25 W/m2-0C on the
glycerine (shell) side and 160 W/m2-0C on the water (tube) side. Determine the rate of heat transfer in the
heat exchanger (a) before any fouling occurs and (b) after fouling with a fouling factor of 0.0006 m2-0C/W
occurs on the outer surfaces of the tubes.
13. Cold water enters a counter-flow heat exchanger at 100C at the rate of 8 kg/s, where is heated by hot
water stream that enters the enters the heat exchanger at 700Cat the rate of 2 kg/s . Assuming the specific
of water to remain constant at Cp = 4.18 kJ/kg-0C, determine the maximum heat transfer rate and the
outlet temperature of the cold and hot water streams for this limiting case.
14. Hot oil is to be cooled by water in a 1-shell-pass and 8 tube passes heat exchanger. The tubes are thin-
walled and are made of copper with an internal diameter of 1.4 cm. The length of each tube pass in the
heat exchanger is 5m, and the overall heat transfer coefficient is 310 W/m2-0C. Water flow through the
tube at the rate of 0.2 kg/s, and the oil through the shell at the rate of 0.3 kg/s. The water and the oil
enter at the temperatures of 20 0C and 1500C, respectively. Determine the rate of heat transfer in the heat
exchanger and the outlet temperatures of the water and the oil.