Signals and Systems GATE Questions

1/30/2018 Signals and Systems | Electronics and Communication Engineering | EC | GATE Syllabus, Paper Solution, Question Answer
Topics of Signals and Systems 117 Question(s) | Weightage 12 (Marks)

De nitions and properties of Laplace transform (Signals-Systems/De nitions-properties-Laplace-
transform) , Continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier series (Signals-Systems/Continuous-time-
discrete-time-Fourier-series) , Continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier Transform (Signals-
Systems/Continuous-time-discrete-time-Fourier-Transform) , DFT and FFT (Signals-Systems/DFT-
FFT) , Z-transform (Signals-Systems/Ztransform) , Sampling theorem (Signals-Systems/Sampling-
theorem) , Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) Systems (Signals-Systems/Linear-Time-Invariant-LTI-
Systems) , LTI de nitions and properties , LTI property , Property causality , Stability , Impulse
response (Signals-Systems/Impulse-response) , Convolution , Poles and zeros , Parallel and
cascade structure , Frequency response (Signals-Systems/Frequency-response) , Group delay ,
Phase delay , Signal transmission through LTI systems
Question No. 16 GATE - 2016 01
Which one of the following is an eigen function of the class of all continuous-time, linear, timeinvariant
systems (u (t) denotes the unit-step function)?
(A) ejω 0t
u (t) (B) cos (ω0 t) (C) ejω 0t
(D) sin (ω0 t)
Show Answer
(C) ejω 0t
Subject : Signals and Systems

Topic : Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) Systems
A continuous-time function x(t) is periodic with period T. The function is sampled uniformly with a
sampling period Ts. In which one of the following cases is the sampled signal periodic?
(A) T = √2 Ts (B) T = 1. 2Ts (C) Always (D) Never
Show Answer
(B) T = 1. 2Ts
http://gate-exam.in/EC/Syllabus/Electronics-Communication-Engineering/Signals-Systems 1/55
Consider the sequence x [n] = an u [n] + bn u [n], where u [n] denotes the unit-step sequence and
0 < |a| < |b| < 1. The region of convergence (ROC) of the z-transform of x [n] is
(A) |z| > |a| (B) |z| > |b| (C) |z| < |a| (D) |a| < |z| < |b|
Show Answer
(B) |z| > |b|

Topic : Z-transform
A continuous-time sinusoid of frequency 33 Hz is multiplied with a periodic Dirac impulse train of

frequency 46 Hz. The resulting signal is passed through an ideal analog low-pass lter with a cuto
frequency of 23 Hz. The fundamental frequency (in Hz) of the output is _________
Enter Your Answer Here
Show Answer
12 : 14
Topic : Sampling theorem
The Laplace transform of the causal periodic square wave of period T shown in the gure below is
(A) F (s) =
1
−sT /2
(B) F (s) =
1
sT
(C) F (s) =
1
−sT
1+e −
s(1−e )
s(1+e 2 )
(D) F (s) =
1
1−e −sT
Show Answer
(Marks to all) Marks to all

Topic : De nitions and properties of Laplace transform
A network consisting of a nite number of linear resistor (R), inductor (L), and capacitor (C) elements,
connected all in series or all in parallel, is excited with a source of the form
3
∑ ak cos(kω0 t), where ak ≠ 0 , ω0 ≠ 0.
k=1
The source has nonzero impedance. Which one of the following is a possible form of the output
measured across a resistor in the network?
(A) ∑ bk cos(kω0 t + ϕk ), where bk ≠ ak , ∀ k

k=1
4 3
(B) ∑ bk cos(kω0 t + ϕk ), where bk ≠ ak , ∀ k (C) ∑ bk cos(kω0 t + ϕk )

k=1 k=1
(D) ∑ bk cos(kω0 t + ϕk )
k=1
Show Answer
3
(A) ∑ bk cos(kω0 t + ϕk ), where bk ≠ ak , ∀ k

k=1

A rst-order low-pass lter of time constant T is excited with di erent input signals (with zero initial
conditions up to t = 0). Match the excitation signals X, Y, Z with the corresponding time responses for t
≥ 0:
X: Impulse P : 1 − e−t/T
Y: Unit step Q : t − T (1 − e
−t/T
)
Z: Ramp R:e
−t/T
(A) X→R, Y→Q, Z→P (B) X→Q, Y→P, Z→R (C) X→R, Y→P, Z→Q (D) X→P, Y→R, Z→Q
Show Answer
(C) X→R, Y→P, Z→Q

Consider the signal
x [n] = 6 δ [n + 2] + 3 δ [n + 1] + 8 δ [n] + 7 δ [n − 1] + 4 δ [n − 2]
If X (ejω ) is the discrete-time Fourier transform of x[n],

then is equal to _________
1 π jω 2
∫ X (e ) sin (2ω)dω
n −π
Show Answer
7.9 : 8.1
Topic : DFT and FFT
sin(4πt)
The energy of the signal x (t) =
4πt
is ________
Show Answer
0.24 : 0.26
Topic : Continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier Transform
A continuous-time lter with transfer function is converted to a discretetime lter

2s+6
H (s) = 2
s +6s+8
2z 2 −0.5032 z
with transfer function G (z) =
2
so that the impulse response of the continuous-time
z −0.5032 z+k
lter, sampled at 2 Hz, is identical at the sampling instants to the impulse response of the discrete time
lter. The value of k is ________
Show Answer
0.04 : 0.06
Topic : DFT and FFT
The Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) of the 4-point sequence
x [n] = {[0], x [1], x [2], x [3]} = {3, 2, 3, 4} is
X [k] = {X [0], X [1], X [2], X [3]} = {12, 2j, 0 − 2j}.
IfX1 [k] is the DTF of 12-point sequence x1 [n] = {3, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0}
X1 [8]
the value of ∣∣ ∣
∣
is ________
X1 [11]
Show Answer
5.9 : 6.1
Topic : DFT and FFT
Consider the signal x (t) = cos (6πt) + sin (8πt), where t is in seconds. The Nyquist sampling rate
(in samples/second) for the signal y (t) = x (2t + 5) is
(A) 8 (B) 12 (C) 16 (D) 32
Show Answer
sin(t) sin(t)
If the signal x (t) =
πt
*
πt
with * ; denoting the convolution operation, then x(t) is equal to
2
sin(t) sin(2t) 2 sin(t) sin(t)
(A) πt
(B) 2πt
(C) πt
(D) ( πt
)
Show Answer
sin(t)
(A) πt

A discreate-time signal x [n] = δ [n − 3] + δ [n − 5] has z-transform X(z). If Y(z)=X(-z) is the z-

transform of another signal y[n],then
(A) y[n] = x[n] (B) y[n] = x[-n] (C) y[n] = -x[n] (D) y[n] = -x[-n]
Show Answer
(C) y[n] = -x[n]

Topic : Z-transform
A signal 2 cos( 2π
3
t) − cos (πt) is the input to an LTI system with the transfer function
H (s) s
= e
−s
+ e
If Ck denotes the kth coe cient in the exponential Fourier series of the output signal, then C3 is equal
to
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3
Show Answer
(B) 1
The ROC (region of convergence) of the z-transform of a discrete-time signal is represented by the
shaded region in the z-plane. If the signal , then the ROC of its z-
|n|
x [n] = (2. 0) , −∞ < n < +∞
transform is represented by

(A) (B)
(C) (D)
Show Answer
(D)

Topic : Z-transform
A continuous-time speech signal xa(t) is sampled at a rate of 8 kHz and the samples are subsequently
grouped in blocks, each of size N. The DFT of each block is to be computed in real time using the radix-
2 decimation-in-frequency FFT algorithm. If the processor performs all operations sequentially, and
takes 20 μs for computing each complex multiplication (including multiplications by 1 and −1) and the
time required for addition/subtraction is negligible, then the maximum value of N is __________
Show Answer
4096 : 4096
Topic : DFT and FFT
The direct form structure of an FIR ( nite impulse response) lter is shown in the gure.
The lter can be used to approximate a
(A) low-pass lter (B) high-pass lter (C) band-pass lter (D) band-stop lter
Show Answer
(C) band-pass lter

Topic : DFT and FFT
The result of the convolution x (–t) * δ(–t – to) is
(A) x(t+to) (B) x(t–to) (C) x(–t + to) (D) x(–t–to)
Show Answer
(D) x(–t–to)
The waveform of a periodic signal x(t) is shown in the gure.
A signal g(t) is de ned by g (t) = x(

t−1
2
) . The average power of g(t) is ______.
Show Answer
2
Two sequences [a,b,c] and [A,B,C] are related as,
A 1 1 1
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤⎡a⎤
2π
−1 −2 j
⎢B⎥ = ⎢ 1 W
3
W
3
⎥ ⎢ b ⎥ W here W3 = e 3
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ −2 −4 ⎦⎣ ⎦
C 1 W W c
3 3
If another sequence [p, q, r] is derived as,
p 1 1 1 1 0 0 A/
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤⎡ 3 ⎤
1 2 2
⎢ q ⎥ = ⎢ 1 W
3
W
3
⎥⎢ 0 W
3
0 ⎥⎢ B/
3 ⎥,
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ 2 4 ⎦⎣ 4 ⎦⎣ ⎦
r 1 W W 0 0 W C/
3
3 3 3
then the relationship between the sequences [p, q, r] and [a,b,c] is
(A) [p, q, r] = [b, a, c] (B) [p, q, r] = [b, c, a] (C) [p, q, r] = [c, a, b] (D) [p, q, r] = [c, b, a]
Show Answer
(C) [p, q, r] = [c, a, b]

Topic : DFT and FFT
For the discrete time system shown in the gure, the poles of the system transfer function are Located
at
(A) 2, 3 (B) 12 , 3 (C) 12 , 13 (D) 2, 13
Show Answer
(C) 1
2
,
1

Topic : Z-transform
The pole-zero diagram of a causal and stable discrete-time system is shown in the gure. The zero at
the origin has multiplicity 4. The impulse response of the system is h[n]. If h[0] = 1, we can conclude.
(A) h[n] is real for all n (B) h[n] is purely imaginary for all n
(C) h[n] is real for only even n (D) h[n] is purely imaginary for only odd n
Show Answer
(A) h[n] is real for all n

Topic : Z-transform
1 if a ≤ t ≤ b
The bilateral Laplace transform of a function f (t) = { is
0 Other wise
s
e (a−b) −as −bs s(a−b)
(A) a−b
s
(B) s
(C) e −e
s
(D) e s
Show Answer
−as −bs
(C) e −e

The magnitude and phase of the complex Fourier series coe cients ak of a periodic signal x(t) are
shown in the gure. Choose the correct statement from the four choices given. Notation C is the set of
complex numbers, R is the set of purely real numbers, and P is the set of purely imaginary numbers.
(A) x(t) ∈ R (B) x(t) ∈ P (C) x(t) ∈ (C – R)
(D) the information given is not su cient to draw any conclusion about x(t)
Show Answer
(A) x(t) ∈ R
Topic : Continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier series
Let the signal f(t) = 0 outside the interval [T1, T2], where T1 and T2 are nite. Furthermore, |f (t)| < ∞
. The region of convergence (RoC) of the signal’s bilateral Laplace transform F(s) is
(A) a parallel strip containing the jΩ axis (B) a parallel strip not containing the jΩ axis
(C) the entire s-plane (D) a half plane containing the jΩ axis
Show Answer
(C) the entire s-plane

Two casual discrete-time signals x[n] and y[n] are related as . If the z-transform
n
y [n] = ∑ x [m]
m=0
of y [n] is 2
2
, the value of x[2] is _______.
z(z−1)
Show Answer
0
Topic : Z-transform
The signal cos (10πt + π
4
) is ideally sampled at a sampling frequency of 15 Hz. The sampled signal is
sin(πt)
passed through a lter with impulse response ( πt
) cos (40πt −
π
2
) . The lter output is
sin(πt)
(A) (B) (C)
15 π 15 π 15 π
cos (40πt − ) ( ) cos (10πt + ) cos (10πt − )
2 4 2 πt 4 2 4
(D) 15
sin(πt) π
( ) cos (40πt − )
2 πt 4
Show Answer
(A) 15
cos (40πt −
π
)
2 4

Consider the di erential equation dx

= 10-0.2x with initial condition x(0) = 1. The response x(t) for t>0
dt
is
(A) 2-e-0.2t (B) 2 - e0.2t (C) 50 - 49e-0.2t (D) 50 - 49e0.2t
Show Answer
(C) 50 - 49e-0.2t
Input x(t) and output y(t) of an LTI system are related by the di erential equation y''(t) - y-(t) - 6y(t) =
x(t). If the system is neither causal nor stable, the impulse response h(t) of the system is
(A) 1 e3t u (−t) + 1 −2t

e u (−t) (B) −1 e3t u (−t) + 1
e
−2t
u (−t)
5 5 5 5
(C) 15 e3t u (−t) − 1
5
−2t
e u (t) (D) − 15 e3t u (−t) − 1
5
e
−2t
u (t)
Show Answer
(B) −1
5
3t
e u (−t) +
1
5
e
−2t
u (−t)

Consider two real sequences with time – origin marked by the bold value,
x1[n] ={1,2,3,0} , x2[n] ={1,3,2,1}
Let X1(k) and X2(k) be 4-point DFTs of x1[n] and x2[n] , respectively . Another sequence x3[n] is derived
by taking 4-point inverse DFT of X3(k) =X1(k)X2(k) .
The value of x3[2] is_____.
Show Answer
10.9 to 11.1

Topic : DFT and FFT
Let x(t) = α s(t) +s(–t) with s(t) = β e-4t u(t) , where u(t) is unit step function . If the bilateral Laplace
transform of x(t) is
16
X (s) = 2
− 4 < Re{s} < 4;
s − 16
Then the value of β is______.
Show Answer
-2
Consider the function g (t) = e

−t
sin (2πt)u (t) where u(t) is the unit step function. The area under
g(t) is _____.
Show Answer
0.14 to 0.16
∞
n
The value of ∑ n(
1
2
) is _____.
n=0
Show Answer
2
Topic : Z-transform
The impulse response of an LTI system can be obtained by
(A) di erentiating the unit ramp response (B) di erentiating the unit step response
(C) di erentiating the unit step response (D) integrating the unit step response
Show Answer
(B) di erentiating the unit step response

Consider a four-point moving average lter de ned by the equation y [n] = . The
3
∑ αi x [n − i]
i=0
condition on the lter coe cients that results in a null at zero frequency is
(A) α1 = α2 = 0; α0 = −α3 (B) α1 = α2 = 1; α0 = −α3
(C) α0 = α3 = 0; α1 =α2 (D) α1 = α2 = 0; α0 = α3
Show Answer
(A) α1 = α2 = 0; α0 = −α3

Topic : Z-transform
Suppose x[n] is an absolutely summable discrete-time signal. Its z-transform is a rational function with
two poles and two zeroes. The poles are at z = ±2j . Which one of the following statements is TRUE
for the signal x[n]?
(A) It is a nite duration signal. (B) It is a causal signal. (C) It is a non-causal signal.
(D) It is a periodic signal.
Show Answer
(B) It is a causal signal.

Topic : Z-transform
A realization of a stable discrete time system is shown in the gure. If the system is excited by a unit
step sequence input x[n], the response y[n] is
n n n n
(A) 4(− 13 ) u [n] − 5(−
2
3
) u [n] (B) 5(− 23 ) u [n] − 3(−
1
3
) u [n]
n n n n
(C) 5( 13 ) u [n] − 5(
2
3
) u [n] (D) 5( 23 ) u [n] − 5(
1
3
) u [n]
Show Answer
n n
(C) 5( 13 ) u [n] − 5(
2
3
) u [n]

Let x̃ [n] = 1 + cos (

πn
8
) be a periodic signal with period 16. Its DFS coe cients are de ned by
15
ak =
1
16
∑ x̃ [n] exp (−j
π
8
kn) for all k. The value of the coe cients a31 is_____.
n=0
Show Answer
0.48 to 0.52
Consider a continuous-time signal de ned as

∞
sin(πt/2)
x (t) = ( ) ∗ ∑ δ (t − 10n)
(πt/2)
n=−∞
where '*' denotes the convolution operation and t is in seconds. The Nyquist sampling rate (in
samples/sec) for x(t) is ___________.
Show Answer
0.39 to 0.41
Two sequences x1 [n] and x2 [n] have the same energy. Suppose x1 [n] n
= α 0. 5 u [n] , where α is a
positive real number and u [n] is the unit step sequence. Assume
−−−
√1. 5 for n = 0, 1
x2 [n] = {
0 otherwise.
Then the value of α is_______.
Show Answer
1.49 to 1.51
sin(πt/5)
The complex envelope of the bandpass signal x (t) = −√2 ( ) sin(πt −
π
4
,centered about
)
πt/5
f =
1
Hz , is
2
π π π
(A) ( (B) ( (C) √2 (

sin(πt/5) j sin(πt/5) −j sin(πt/5) j
)e 4 )e 4 )e 4
πt/5 πt/5 πt/5
(D) √2 (
sin(πt/5) −j
)e 4
πt/5
Show Answer
(C) √2 (
sin(πt/5) j
)e 4
πt/5

2
z −z+4j
C is a closed path in the z-plane given by |z|=3. The value of the integral ∮C (
z+2j
) dz
(A) −4π (1 + j2) (B) 4π (3 − j2) (C) −4π (3 + j2) (D) 4π (1 − j2)
Show Answer
(C) −4π (3 + j2)

Topic : Z-transform
A discrete-time signal x [n] 2

= sin (π n), n being an integer is
(A) periodic with period π . (B) periodic with period π 2 (C) periodic with period π/2.
(D) not periodic
Show Answer
(D) not periodic

Consider two real valued signals, x(t) band-limited to [ –500 Hz, 500 Hz] and y(t) bandlimited to [ –1 kHz,
1 kHz]. For z(t) = x(t)•y(t), the Nyquist sampling frequency (in kHz) is ______.

Show Answer
2.99 to 3.01
A continuous, linear time-invariant lter has an impulse response h(t) described by
3 f or 0 ≤ t ≤ 3
h (t) = {
0 otherwise
When a constant input of value 5 is applied to this lter, the steady state output is_____.
Show Answer
44 to 46
For a function g(t), it is given that ∫−∞ for any real value ω.
+∞ −jwt −2ω 2
g (t)e dt = ωe
If y (t) , then ∫−∞ y (t)dt is

t t
= ∫ g (t)dτ ,
−∞
j j
(A) 0 (B) −j (C) − 2 (D) 2
Show Answer
(B) −j

n n
Let x [n] = (−
1
9
) u (n) − (−
1
3
) u (−n − 1) The Region of Convergence (ROC) of the z-transform
of x[n]
(A) is |z| >

1
9
. (B) is |z| <
1
3
(C) is 13 > |z| >
1
9
(D) does not exist.
Show Answer
(C)
(C) is 13 >is
1
3
> |z| >
1
9
|z| >
1

Topic : Z-transform
Consider a discrete time periodic signal x [n] = sin (

πn
5
. Let ak be the complex Fourier series
)
coe cients of x [n]. The coe cients {ak } are non-zero when k = BM ± 1 where M is any integer.
The value of B is______.
Show Answer
9.99 to 10.01
A system is described by the following di erential equation, where u(t) is the input to the system and
y(t) is the output of the system
.
y (t) + 5y (t) = u (t)
When y(0) =1 and u(t) is a unit step function, y(t) is
(A) 0. 2 + 0. 8e−5t (B) 0. 2 − 0. 2e−5t (C) 0. 8 + 0. 2e−5t (D) 0. 8 − 0. 8e−5t
Show Answer
(A) 0. 2 + 0. 8e−5t
An FIR system is described by the system function
7 −1 3 −2
H (z) = 1 + z + z
2 2
The system is
(A) maximum phase (B) minimum phase (C) mixed phase (D) zero phase
Show Answer
(C) mixed phase

Let x[n]=x[-n]. Let X(z) be the z-transform of x[n]. If 0.5+j 0.25 is a zero of ,X(z) which one of the following
must also be a zero of X(z)
(A) 0.5−j 0.25 (B) 1/(0.5+j 0.25) (C) 1/(0.5−j 0.25) (D) 2+j 4
Show Answer
(B) 1/(0.5+j 0.25)

Topic : Z-transform
Consider the periodic square wave in the gure shown
The ratio of the power in the 7th harmonic to the power in the 5th harmonic for this waveform is
closest in value to _______.
Show Answer
0.50 to 0.52
Consider a discrete-time signal
n f or 0 ≤ n ≤ 10
x [n] = { .
0 otherwise
If y[n] is the convolution of x[n] with itself, the value of y[4] is _________.
Show Answer
9.9 to 10.1
The input-output relationship of a causal stable LTI system is given as
y [n] = αy [n − 1] + β x [n]
If the impulse response h[n] of this system satis es the condition , the relationship
∞
∑ h [n] = 2
n=0
between α and β is
(A) α = 1 − β/2 (B) α = 1 + β/2 (C) α = 2β (D) α = −2β
Show Answer
(A) α = 1 − β/2

Topic : Z-transform
The value of the integral ∫−∞ sin c 2 (5t)dt is ________.

∞
Show Answer
0.19 to 0.21
Let x (t) = cos (10πt) + cos (30πt) be sampled at 20 Hz and reconstructed using an ideal low-pass
lter with cut-o frequency of 20 Hz. The frequency/frequencies present in the reconstructed signal
is/are
(A) 5 Hz and 15 Hz only (B) 10 Hz and 15 Hz only (C) 5 Hz, 10 Hz and 15 Hz only
(D) 5 Hz only
Show Answer
(A) 5 Hz and 15 Hz only

−1
(z −b)
For an all-pass system H (z) = −1
, where ∣∣H (e−jω )∣∣ = 1 for all ω
(1−az )
if Re (a) ≠ 0, I m (a) ≠ 0, then b equals
(A) a (B) a∗ (C) 1/a∗ (D) 1/a
Show Answer
(B) a∗
Topic : Z-transform
The input −3e2t u (t), where u (t) is the unit step function, is applied to a system with transfer
function s−2
s+3
. If the initial value of the output is −2, then the value of the output at steady state is
_______.
Show Answer
-0.01 to 0.01
−1 −1
Let H1 (z) = (1 − pz
−1
) , H2 (z) = (1 − qz
−1
) , H (z) = H1 (z) + rH2 (z) . The quantities
p, q, r are real numbers. Consider p =
1
2
,q = −
1
4
,|r| < 1 . If the zero of H (z) lies on the unit circle,
then r = ________
Show Answer
-0.6 to -0.4
Topic : Z-transform
Let h (t) denote the impulse response of a causal system with transfer function 1
s+1
. Consider the
following three statements.
S1: The system is stable.
h(t+1)
S2: is independent of t for t >0.
h(t)
S3: A non-causal system with the same transfer function is stable.
For the above system,
(A) only S1 and S2 are true (B) only S2 and S3 are true (C) only S1 and S3 are true
(D) S1, S2 and S3 are true
Show Answer
(A) only S1 and S2 are true

The z-transform of the sequence x[n] is given by X (z) =

1
2
, with the region of convergence
(1−2z −1 )
|z| > 2 . Then, x [2] is ________.
Show Answer
11.9 to 12.1
Topic : Z-transform
Let X (t) be a wide sense stationary (WSS) random process with power spectral density S x (f ) . If
Y (t) is the process de ned as Y (t) = X (2t − 1), the power spectral density S y (f ) is
f f
(A) SY (f ) =
1
2
SX (
2
)e
−jπf
(B) SY (f ) =
1
2
SX (
2
)e
−jπf/2
f f
(C) SY (f ) =
1
2
SX (
2
) (D) SY (f ) =
1
2
SX (
2
)e
−j2πf
Show Answer
f
(C) SY (f ) =
1
2
SX (
2
)
For a given sample-and-hold circuit, if the value of the hold capacitor is increased, then
(A) droop rate decreases and acquisition time decreases
(B) droop rate decreases and acquisition time increases
(C) droop rate increases and acquisition time decreases
(D) droop rate increases and acquisition time increases
Show Answer
(B) droop rate decreases and acquisition time increases

A Fourier transform pair is given by
n FT −j6πf
2 Ae
( ) u [n + 3] ⇐
⇒ 2
3 −j2πf
1−( )e
3
where u[n] denotes the unit step sequence. The values of A is _________
Show Answer
3.36 to 3.39
A real-valued signal x(t) limited to the frequency band |f | ≤

w
2
is passed through a linear time
invariant system whose frequency response is
−j4πf W
e , |f | ≤
2
H (f ) = {
W
0, |f | >
2
The output of the system is
(A) x(t+ 4) (B) x(t − 4) (C) x(t + 2) (D) x(t − 2)
Show Answer
(D) x(t − 2)
The sequence n
x [n] = 0. 5 u [n], where u [n] is the unit step sequence, is convolved with itself to
obtain y [n]. Then ∑n=−∞ is _______.
+∞
y [n]
Show Answer
3.9 to 4.1
The unilateral Laplace transform of f (t) is 2

1
one of the following is the unilateral Laplace
s +s+1
transform of g(t)=t·f(t)?
−(2s+1)
(A) (B) (C) (D)
−s s 2s+1
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
(s +s+1) (s +s+1) (s +s+1) (s +s+1)
Show Answer
(D)
2s+1
2
(s 2 +s+1)
A stable linear time invariant (LTI) system has a transfer function H (s) =
1
. To make this
s 2 +s−6
system causal it needs to be cascaded with another LTI system having a transfer function H1(s). A
correct choice for H1(s) among the following options is
(A) s +3 (B) s − 2 (C) s − 6 (D) s +1
Show Answer
(B) s − 2
The N-point DFT x of a sequence x[n], 0 ≤ n ≤ N−1 is given by
N −1 2π
1 −j nk
X [K ] = ∑ x [n] e N , 0 ≤ K ≤ N − 1.
√N
n=0
Denote this relation as X=DFT (x). For N=4, which one of the following sequences satis es DFT (DFT (x))
= x?
(A) x = [ 1 2 3 4] (B) x = [ 1 2 3 2] (C) x = [ 1 3 2 2]
(D) x = [ 1 2 2 3]
Show Answer
(B) x = [ 1 2 3 2]
Two systems with impulse responses h1(t) and h2(t) are connected in cascade. Then the overall impulse
response of the cascaded system is given by
(A) product of h1(t) and h2(t) (B) sum of h1(t) and h2(t) (C) convolution of h1(t) and h2(t)
(D) subtraction of h2(t) from h1(t)
Show Answer
(C) convolution of h1(t) and h2(t)

Topic : Impulse response
The impulse response of a system is h(t) = tu(t) .For an input u(t − 1) , the output is
2
2 t(t−1) (t−1) 2
(A) t2 u (t) (B) 2

u (t − 1) (C) 2
u (t − 1) (D) t −1
2
u (t − 1)
Show Answer
2
(t−1)
(C) 2
u (t − 1)

Topic : Frequency response
For a periodic signal v(t) = 30 sin 100t + 10 cos 300t + 6 sin(500t + π/4) , the fundamental
frequency in rad/s is
(A) 100 (B) 300 (C) 500 (D) 1500
Show Answer
(A) 100
A band-limited signal with a maximum frequency of 5 kHz is to be sampled. According to the sampling
theorem, the sampling frequency which is not valid is
(A) 5 kHz (B) 12 kHz (C) 15 kHz (D) 20 kHz
Show Answer
(A) 5 kHz
Let g(t) = e−πt , and h(t) is a lter matched to g(t) . If g(t) is applied as input to h(t) , then the Fourier
transform of the output is
2 2 2
(A) e−πf (B) e−πf /2
(C) e−π|f | (D) e−2πf
Show Answer
(D) e−2πf
The impulse response of a continuous time system is given by h(t) = δ(t -1) + δ(t - 3) . The value of the
step response at t = 2 is
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3
Show Answer
(B) 1
A system is described by the di erential equation .

d y dy
+ 5 + 6y(t) = x(t)
2 dt
dt
Let x(t) be a rectangular pulse given by

1 0 < t < 2
x(t) = {
0 otherwise
Assuming that y(0) = 0 and at t = 0, the Laplace transform of y(t) is

dy
= 0
dt
−2s −2s −2s −2s

e 1−e e 1−e
(A) (B) (C) (D)
s(s+2)(s+3) s(s+2)(s+3) (s+2)(s+3) (s+2)(s+3)
Show Answer
−2s
1−e
(B)
s(s+2)(s+3)

The DFT of a vector [ a b c d] is the vector [ α β γ δ ] . Consider the product
a b c d
⎡ ⎤
⎢d a b c ⎥
[p q r =
s ] [a b c d] ⎢ ⎥
⎢ c d a b ⎥
⎣ ⎦
b c d a
The DFT of the vector [ p q r s ] is a scaled version of
(A) [ α2 β
2
γ
2
δ
2
] (B) [√α √β√γ √δ] (C) [ α + β β+δ δ+γ γ+α ]
(D) [ α β γ δ ]
Show Answer
(A) [ α2 β
2
γ
2
δ
2
]

The unilateral Laplace transform of f (t) is . The unilateral Laplace transform of t f (t) is
1
2
s +s+1
2s+1 2s+1
(A) − (B) − (C) (D)
s s
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
(s +s+1) (s +s+1) (s +s+1) (s +s+1)
Show Answer
2s+1
(D) 2
2
(s +s+1)

If x [n] = (1/3) , then the region of convergence (ROC) of its Z-transform in the Z-
|n| n
− (1/2) u [n]
plane will be
(A) 3 1
< |z| < 3 (B) 13 < |z| <
1
2
(C) 12 < |z| < 3 (D) 13 < |z|
Show Answer
(C) 1
2
< |z| < 3

Topic : Z-transform
The input x(t) and output y(t) of a system are related as y (t) = ∫ x (τ ) cos(3τ )dτ . The system is
−∞
(A) time-invariant and stable (B) stable and not time-invariant
(C) time-invariant and not stable (D) not time-invariant and not stable
Show Answer
(D) not time-invariant and not stable

The Fourier transform of a signal h(t) is H (jω) = (2 cos ω) (sin 2ω)/ω. The value of h(0) is
(A) 1/4 (B) 1/2 (C) 1 (D) 2
Show Answer
(C) 1
Let y[n] denote the convolution of h[n] and g[n], where h[n]=(1/2)n u[n] and g[n] is a causal sequence.
If y[0] = 1 and y[1] = 1/2, then g[1] equals
(A) 0 (B) 1/2 (C) 1 (D) 3/2
Show Answer
(A) 0
The trigonometric Fourier series of an even function does not have the
(A) dc term (B) cosine terms (C) sine terms (D) odd harmonic terms
Show Answer
(C) sine terms

A system is de ned by its impulse response h(n) = 2n u(n − 2). The system is
(A) stable and causal (B) causal but not stable (C) stable but not causal
(D) unstable and non-causal
Show Answer
(B) causal but not stable

If the unit step response of a network is (1 − e−αt ) then its unit impulse response is
(A) αe−αt (B) α −1 e−αt (C) (1 − α −1 )e−αt (D) (1 − α)e−αt
Show Answer
(A) αe−αt
Two systems H1 (z) and H2 (z) are connected in cascade as shown below. The over all output y(n) is the
same as the input x(n) with a one unit delay. The transfer function of the second system H2 (z) is
−1 −1 −1 −1 −1 −1
(1−0.6z ) z (1−0.6z ) z (1−0.4z ) (1−0.4z )
(A) −1 −1
(B) −1
(C) −1
(D) −1 −1
z (1−0.4z ) (1−0.4z ) (1−0.6z ) z (1−0.6z )
Show Answer
−1 −1
z (1−0.6z )
(B) −1
(1−0.4z )

Topic : Z-transform
The rst six point of the 8-points DFT of a real valued sequence are 5,1-j3,0,3-j4,0 and 3+j4.The last two
points of the DFT are respectively
(A) 0, 1 − j3 (B) 0, 1 + j3 (C) 1 + j3, 5 (D) 1 – j3, 5
Show Answer
(B) 0, 1 + j3
Topic : DFT and FFT
An input x (t) = exp (−2t)u(t) + δ (t − 6) is applied to an LTI system with impulse response h(t) = u(t) . The
output is is
(A) [1 − exp (−2t)]u (t) + u (t + 6) (B) [1 − exp (−2t)]u (t) + u (t − 6)
(C) 0. 5 [1 − exp (−2t)]u (t) + u (t + 6) (D) 0. 5 [1 − exp (−2t)]u (t) + u (t − 6)
Show Answer
(D) 0. 5 [1 − exp (−2t)]u (t) + u (t − 6)

2(s+1)
If F (S ) = L[f (t)] = 2
then the initial and nal values of f(t) are respectively
s +4s+7
(A) 0,2 (B) 2,0 (C) 0,2/7 (D) 2/7,0
Show Answer
(B) 2,0
Consider the z-transform X(z) = 5z2 + 4z-1 + 3; 0<|z| < ∞ . The inverse z transform x[n] is
(A) 5δ[n + 2] + 3δ [n] + 4δ [n – 1] (B) 5δ [n - 2] + 3δ [n] + 4δ [n + 1]
(C) 5 u[n + 2] + 3 u[n] + 4 u[n – 1] (D) 5 u[n - 2] + 3 u[n] + 4 u[n + 1]
Show Answer
(A) 5δ[n + 2] + 3δ [n] + 4δ [n – 1]

Topic : Z-transform
Two discrete time systems with impulse responses h1[n] = δ [n -1] and h2[n] = δ [n – 2] are connected
in cascade. The overall impulse response of the cascaded system is
(A) δ [n - 1] + δ [n - 2] (B) δ [n - 4] (C) δ [n - 3] (D) δ [n - 1] δ [n - 2]
Show Answer
(C) δ [n - 3]
Topic : Z-transform
For an N-point FFT algorithm with N = 2m which one of the following statements is TRUE?
(A) It is not possible to construct a signal ow graph with both input and output in normal order
(B) The number of butter ies in the mth stage is N/m
(C) In-place computation requires storage of only 2N node data
(D) Computation of a butter y requires only one complex multiplication
Show Answer
(D) Computation of a butter y requires only one complex multiplication

Topic : DFT and FFT
A continuous time LTI system is described by
2
d y(t) dy(t) dx(t)
+ 4 + 3y (t) = 2 + 4x (t)
2 dt dt
dt
Assuming zero initial conditions, the response y(t) of the above system for the input x(t)=e-2t u(t) is
given by
(A) (et-e3t)u(t) (B) (e-t-3-3t)u(t) (C) (e-t+e-3t)u(t) (D) (et+e3t)u(t)
Show Answer
(B) (e-t-3-3t)u(t)
The transfer function of a discrete time LTI system is given by
3
−1
2− z
4
H (z) = 3 1
−1 −2
1− z + z
4 8
Consider the following statements:

S1: The system is stable and causal for ROC:|z| >

1
S2: The system is stable but not causal for ROC:|z| <
1
S3: The system is neither stable nor causal for ROC: 14 < |z| <
1
Which one of the following statements is valid?
(A) Both S1 and S2 are true (B) Both S2 and S3 are true (C) Both S1 and S3 are true
(D) S1, S2 and S3 are all true
Show Answer
(C) Both S1 and S3 are true

Topic : Z-transform
The Fourier series of a real periodic function has only
P. Cosine terms if it is even

Q. Sine terms if it is even
R. Cosine terms if it is odd
S. Sine terms if it is odd
Which of the above statements are correct?
(A) P and S (B) P and R (C) Q and S (D) Q and R
Show Answer
(A) P and S
A function is given f(t) = sin2t + cos2t. Which of the following is true?
(A) f has frequency components at 0 and 1/2π Hz
(B) f has frequency components at 0 and 1/π Hz
(C) f has frequency components at 1/2π and 1/π Hz
(D) f has frequency components at 0, 1/2π and 1/π Hz
Show Answer
(B) f has frequency components at 0 and 1/π Hz

n n
The ROC of Z-transform of the discrete time sequence x (n) = (
1
3
) u (n) − (
1
2
) u (−n − 1) is
(A) 13 < |z| <

1
2
(B) |z| >
1
2
(C) |z| <
1
3
(D) 2 < |z| < 3
Show Answer
(A) 1
3
< |z| <
1

Topic : Z-transform
Given that F(s) is the one-sided Laplace transform of f(t), the Laplace transform of ∫ f (τ ) d τ is
0
(A) sF (s) − f (0) (B) 1s F (s) (C) ∫ F (τ ) d τ (D) 1s [F (s) − f (0)]

0
Show Answer
(B) 1
s
F (s)

A system with transfer function H(z) has impulse response h(·) de ned as h(2) = 1, h(3) = -1 and h(k) = 0
otherwise. Consider the following statements
S1 : H(z) is a low pass lter
S2 : H(z) is a FIR lter
Which of the following is correct?
(A) Only S2 is true (B) Both S1 and S2 are false
(C) Both S1 and S2 are true, and S2 is a reason for S1
(D) Both S1 and S2 are true, but S2 is not a reason for S1
Show Answer
(A) Only S2 is true

Topic : Z-transform
Consider a system whose input x and output y are related by the equation
y (t) = ∫ x (t − τ ) h (2τ ) d τ
−∞
Where h(t) is shown in the graph
Which of the following four properties are possessed by the system?

BIBO: Bounded input gives a bounded output.
Causal: The system is causal.
LP: The system is low pass.
LTI: The system is linear and time invariant.
(A) Causal, LP (B) BIBO, LTI (C) BIBO, Causal, LTI (D) LP, LTI
Show Answer
(B) BIBO, LTI

The 4 point Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) of a discrete time sequence {1, 0, 2, 3} is
(A) [0, -2 + 2j, 2, -2 -2j] (B) [2, 2 + 2j, 6, 2 - 2j] (C) [6, 1 -3j, 2, 1 + 3j]
(D) [6, -1 + 3j, 0, -1 -3j]
Show Answer
(D) [6, -1 + 3j, 0, -1 -3j]

Topic : DFT and FFT
An LTI system having transfer function and input x(t)=sin(t+1) is in steady state. The output is
s +1
2
s +2s+1
sampled at a rate ωs rad/s to obtain the nal output {y(k)}. Which of the following is true?
(A) y(·) is zero for all sampling frequencies ωs
(B) y(·) is nonzero for all sampling frequencies ωs
(C) y(·) is nonzero for ωs>2, but zero for ωs<2 (D) y(·) is zero for ωs>2, but nonzero for ωs<2
Show Answer
(A) y(·) is zero for all sampling frequencies ωs

The input and output of a continuous time system are respectively denoted by x(t) and y(t). Which of
the following descriptions corresponds to a causal system ?
(A) y(t) = x(t − 2) + x(t + 4) (B) y(t) = (t − 4) x(t + 1) (C) y(t) = (t + 4) x(t − 1)
(D) y(t) = (t + 5) x(t + 5)
Show Answer
(C) y(t) = (t + 4) x(t − 1)

The impulse response of a linear time-invariant continuous time system is described by

h (t)
h (t) = exp (αt)u (t) + exp (βt)u (−t) , where u (t) denotes the unit step function, and α and β are
real constants. This system is stable if
(A) α is positive and β is positive (B) α is negative and β is negative
(C) α is positive and β is negative (D) α is negative and β is positive
Show Answer
(D) α is negative and β is positive

The signal x(t) is described by
1 f or − 1 ≤ t ≤ +1
x (t) = {
0 otherwise
Two of the angular frequencies at which its Fourier transform becomes zero are
(A) π , 2π (B) 0.5π , 1.5π (C) 0, π (D) 2π , 2.5π
Show Answer
(A) π , 2π
A discrete time linear shift-invariant system has an impulse response h[n] with h[0]=1, h[1]=-1. h[2]=-2,
and zero otherwise. The system is given an input sequence x[n] with x[0]=x[2]=1, and zero otherwise.
The number of nonzero samples in the outp ut sequence y[n], and the value of y[2] are, respectively
(A) 5, 2 (B) 6, 2 (C) 6, 1 (D) 5, 3
Show Answer
(D) 5, 3
Let x(t) be the input and y(t) be the output of a continuous time system. Match the system properties
P1, P2 and P3 with system relations R1, R2, R3, R4.
Properties Relations
P1: Linear but NOT time-invariant R1: y(t) = t2 x(t)
P2: Time-invariant but NOT linear R2: y(t) = t |x(t)|
P3: Linear and time-invariant R3: y(t) = |x(t)|
R4: y(t) = x(t - 5)
(A) (P1, R1), (P2, R3), (P3, R4) (B) (P1, R2), (P2, R3), (P3, R4) (C) (P1, R3), (P2, R1), (P3, R2)
(D) (P1, R1), (P2, R2), (P3, R3)
Show Answer
(B) (P1, R2), (P2, R3), (P3, R4)

{x(n)} is a real-valued periodic sequence with a period N. x(n) and X(k) form N-point. Discrete Fourier
Transform (DFT) pairs. The DFT Y(k) of the sequence
N −1
y (n) =
1
N
∑ x (r) x (n + r) is
r=0
N −1 N −1
(A) |X (k)| 2
(B) N
1
∑ X (r) X
∗
(k + r) (C) N
1
∑ X (r) X (k + r) (D) 0
r=0 r=0
Show Answer
(A) |X (k)| 2

Topic : DFT and FFT
In the following network, the switch is closed at t = 0- and the sampling starts from t = 0. The sampling
frequency is 10 Hz.
The samples x(n) (n = 0, 1, 2, ...) are given by
(A) 5 (1 − e−0.05n ) (B) 5e−0.05n (C) 5 (1 − e−5n ) (D) 5e−5n
Show Answer
(B) 5e−0.05n
Topic : Z-transform
In the following network, the switch is closed at t = 0- and the sampling starts from t = 0. The sampling
frequency is 10 Hz.
The expression and the region of convergence of the z-transform of the sampled signal are
(A) (B) (C)

5z −5 5z −0.05 5z −0.05
, |z| < e , |z| < e , |z| > e
z−e−5 z−e−0..05 z−e−0..05
(D) 5z
−5
, |z| > e
−5
z−e
Show Answer
(C)
5z −0.05
−0..05
, |z| > e
z−e

Topic : Z-transform
The impulse response h(t) of a linear time invariant continuous time system is given by
h(t) = exp (-2t)u(t) , where u(t) denotes the unit step function.
The frequency response H(ω) of this system in terms of angular frequency ω is given by H(ω)
sin(ω)
(A) 1+j2ω (B) (C) 2+jω (D) 2+jω
1 1 jω
Show Answer
(C) 1
2+jω

The impulse response h(t) of a linear time invariant continuous time system is given by
h(t) = exp (-2t)u(t) , where u(t) denotes the unit step function.
The output of this system to the sinusoidal input x (t) = 2cos (2t) for all time t, is
(A) 0 (B) 2 −0.25

cos (2t − 0. 125π) (C) 2 −0.5
cos (2t − 0. 125π) (D) 2 −0.5
cos (2t − 0. 25π)
Show Answer
(D) 2 −0.5
cos (2t − 0. 25π)

If the Laplace transform of a signal y(t) is Y (s) =

1
, then its nal value is
s(s−1)
(A) -1 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) Unbounded
Show Answer
(D) Unbounded
The 3-dB bandwidth of the low-pass signal e-tu(t), where u(t) is the unit step function, is given by
−−−−−−
(A) 2π
1
Hz (B) 2π
1
√√2 − 1 Hz (C) ∞ (D) 1 Hz
Show Answer
(A) 1
Hz
2π

A 5-point sequence x[n] is given as
x[-3] = 1, x[-2] = 1, x[-1] = 0, x[0] = 5, x[1] = 1.
Let X (ejω ) denote the discrete-time Fourier transform of x[n]. The value of ∫ X (e
jω
) dω is
−π
(A) 5 (B) 10π (C) 16π (D) 5 + j10π
Show Answer
(B) 10π
The z-transform X[z] of a sequence x[n] is given by . It is given that the region of
0.5
X [z] = −1
1−2z
convergence of X[z] includes the unit circle. The value of x[0] is
(A) -0.5 (B) 0 (C) 0.25 (D) 0.5
Show Answer
(B) 0
Topic : Z-transform

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1/30/2018 Signals and Systems | Electronics and Communication Engineering | EC | GATE Syllabus, Paper Solution, Question Answer

Topics of Signals and Systems 117 Question(s) | Weightage 12 (Marks)

Question No. 16 GATE - 2016 01

Subject : Signals and Systems

Question No. 17 GATE - 2016 01

(A) T = √2 Ts (B) T = 1. 2Ts (C) Always (D) Never

Subject : Signals and Systems

Question No. 18 GATE - 2016 01

(B) |z| > |b|

Subject : Signals and Systems

Question No. 20 GATE - 2016 01

A continuous-time sinusoid of frequency 33 Hz is multiplied with a periodic Dirac impulse train of

Enter Your Answer Here

Question No. 40 GATE - 2016 02

(Marks to all) Marks to all

Question No. 41 GATE - 2016 02

(A) ∑ bk cos(kω0 t + ϕk ), where bk ≠ ak , ∀ k

(B) ∑ bk cos(kω0 t + ϕk ), where bk ≠ ak , ∀ k (C) ∑ bk cos(kω0 t + ϕk )

(A) ∑ bk cos(kω0 t + ϕk ), where bk ≠ ak , ∀ k

Subject : Signals and Systems

Question No. 42 GATE - 2016 02

(C) X→R, Y→P, Z→Q

Question No. 45 GATE - 2016 02

Consider the signal

If X (ejω ) is the discrete-time Fourier transform of x[n],

Enter Your Answer Here

Question No. 120 GATE - 2016 01

Enter Your Answer Here

Question No. 142 GATE - 2016 02

A continuous-time lter with transfer function is converted to a discretetime lter

Enter Your Answer Here

Question No. 143 GATE - 2016 02

The Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) of the 4-point sequence

x [n] = {[0], x [1], x [2], x [3]} = {3, 2, 3, 4} is

X [k] = {X [0], X [1], X [2], X [3]} = {12, 2j, 0 − 2j}.

IfX1 [k] is the DTF of 12-point sequence x1 [n] = {3, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0}

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Question No. 216 GATE - 2016 01

(A) 8 (B) 12 (C) 16 (D) 32

Question No. 217 GATE - 2016 01

Subject : Signals and Systems

Question No. 218 GATE - 2016 01

A discreate-time signal x [n] = δ [n − 3] + δ [n − 5] has z-transform X(z). If Y(z)=X(-z) is the z-

(A) y[n] = x[n] (B) y[n] = x[-n] (C) y[n] = -x[n] (D) y[n] = -x[-n]

(C) y[n] = -x[n]

Question No. 240 GATE - 2016 02

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

Question No. 241 GATE - 2016 02

Subject : Signals and Systems

Question No. 245 GATE - 2016 02

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Question No. 246 GATE - 2016 02

The lter can be used to approximate a

(A) low-pass lter (B) high-pass lter (C) band-pass lter (D) band-stop lter

(C) band-pass lter

Question No. 27 GATE - 2015 01

The result of the convolution x (–t) * δ(–t – to) is

(A) x(t+to) (B) x(t–to) (C) x(–t + to) (D) x(–t–to)

Question No. 28 GATE - 2015 01

The waveform of a periodic signal x(t) is shown in the gure.

A signal g(t) is de ned by g (t) = x(

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