25/1/2018 Johnson-Cook Strength

Johnson-Cook Strength

Use this model to represent the strength behavior of materials, typically metals, subjected to large strains, high strain rates and
high temperatures. Such behavior might arise in problems of intense impulsive loading due to high velocity impact.

With this model, the yield stress varies depending on strain, strain rate and temperature.

The model defines the yield stress Y as

where

= effective plastic strain

= normalized effective plastic strain rate
TH = homologous temperature = (T-Troom)/(Tmelt -Troom)

The five material constants are A, B, C, n and m.

The expression in the first set of brackets gives the stress as a function of strain when = 1.0 sec-1 and TH = 0 (i.e. for
laboratory experiments at room temperature). The constant A is the basic yield stress at low strains while B and n represent the
effect of strain hardening.

The expressions in the second set of brackets represent the effects of strain rate on the yield strength of the material. The
reference strain rate against which the material data was measured is used to normalize the plastic strain rate enhancement.
1.0/second is used by default.

The expression in the third set of brackets represents thermal softening such that the yield stress drops to zero at the melting
temperature Tmelt.

The plastic flow algorithm used in this model has an option to reduce high frequency oscillations that are sometimes observed in
the yield surface under high strain rates. A first order strain rate correction is applied by default. An additional implicit strain rate
correction is available that can be used in cases where the first order strain rate correction doesn’t suffice, although at the cost of
extra CPU time usage.

The Johnson-Cook strength model can be used in all element types and in combination with all equations of state and failure
properties.

Note: A specific heat capacity property should be defined to enable the calculation of temperature hence thermal
softening effects.

Name Symbol Units Notes

Initial Yield Stress
Hardening Constant
Hardening Exponent
Strain Rate Constant
Thermal Softening Exponent
Melting Temperature
Reference Strain Rate
A Stress
B Stress
n None
C None
m None
Tmelt Temperature
Units fixed at 1/sec
None
Default = 1.0

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25/1/2018 Johnson-Cook Strength

Name Symbol Units Notes

Option List:

None
Strain Rate Correction None 1st Order (Default)

Implicit (Autodyn component system

only)

Custom results variables available for this model:

Name Description Solids Shells Beams

EFF_PL_STN Effective Plastic Strain Yes Yes* Yes*
EFF_PL_STN_RATE Effective Plastic Strain Rate Yes Yes* Yes*
TEMP Temperature** Yes Yes* Yes*
SUBL_EPS Effective sublayer plastic strain No Yes No

*Resultant value over shell/beam section.

**Temperature will be non-zero only if a specific heat capacity is defined.

Release 16.2 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved.

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