INDIAN

AGRICULTURE
 Definition
• The science or practice of farming, including
cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops
and the rearing of animals
 INTRODUCTION
• One of the strong sector of Indian economy.
• Around 58 % population of India depends on
Agriculture.
• Average growth rate of agriculture and allied
sector in 2006-07 & 2007-08 has been 4% per
annum.
• 140.7 million hectare area is available for sown.
• Major agricultural products include
rice, wheat, oilseed, cotton, jute, tea.
 HISTORY
• Indian agriculture began by 9000 BC as a result of
early cultivation of plants.
• Double monsoon leads two harvest in a year.
• The Grow More Food Campaign (1940s) and the
Integrated Production Program (1950s) focused
on food and cash crops supply respectively.
• In 1960s Green revolution took place. Agriculture
production rose. Export increased at 10% in
1990s.
Indian Agriculture- Some Facts
• India ranks second worldwide in farm output
• Total Geographical Area - 328 million hectares
• Net Area sown - 142 million hectares
• Gross Cropped Area – 190.8 million hectares
• Major Crop Production
» Rice 94.1 million tones
» Wheat 74.8 million tones
» Coarse Cereals 36.1 million tones
» Pulses 219.3 million tones
» Oilseeds 340.3 million tones
» Food Grains 27.2 million tones
Indian Agriculture- Some Facts
• Contributes to 14% of GDP
• Provides food to 1Billion
people
• Sustains 65% of the
population : helps alleviate
poverty
• Produces 51 major Crops
• Provides Raw Material to
Industries
• Contributes to 1/6th of the
export earnings
 Indian Agriculture Scenario
STRENGTHS
• Indian agriculture is famous for its rich bio-
diversity
• Almost 60% of Indian land comprises of
agricultural land
• Climate is suitable for agriculture
• Strong and well dispersed research and
extension system
 Indian Agriculture Scenario
WEAKNESS
• Average yield in India is just 30% to 50% of the
highest average yield in the world
• Agriculture in India is not technically developed
• Irrigation facilities are inadequate, which results
in farmers still being dependent on rainfall
• Illiteracy and socio-economic backwardness
results in low productivity in India
• Share of agriculture in GDP has declined in past
few years
 Indian Agriculture Scenario
OPPORTUNITIES

• Expand operations to include planting and

harvesting
• Expanding international level markets
• Partner with firm that only plants and
harvests crops
• Technological development in agriculture
• Agro-based Industry
• Agricultural education
 Indian Agriculture Scenario
THREATS
• Unsustainable Resource Use
• Unsustainable Regional Development
• Change in the government policies
• Production of inferior quality of crops
• Repetitive cultivation of two staple crops
• Low productivity
Mile Stones in Agricultural
Development
• Green Revolution (1968)
• Ever-Green Revolution
(1996)
• Blue Revolution (water,
fish)
• White Revolution (Milk)
• Yellow Revolution (flower,
edible)
• Bio-Technology
Revolution
• ICT Revolution
 Green Revolution
• The introduction of high-yielding varieties of
seeds and the increased use of fertilizers and
irrigation are known as Green Revolution
• It provided the increase in production needed
to make India self-sufficient in food grains
• The production of wheat has produced the
best results in fueling self-sufficiency of India
 NABARD
NABARD is set up as an apex Development Bank
with a mandate for facilitating credit flow for
promotion and development of agriculture
NABARD is entrusted with :-
• Providing refinance to lending institutions in
rural areas
• Promoting institutional development
• Evaluating, monitoring and inspecting the
client banks
THANK YOU
 Production in Million Tonnes
340.3
350

300

250 219.3
200

150 94.1
100
74.8
36.1 27.2
50

0
Rice Wheat Cereals Pulses Food Oil
Grains Seeds
 Share Of Agriculture in GDP of
India
PERCENTAGE

18 16.4
16 15.7
14.6
14 14
12

2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2011-2012

YEAR