www.sakshieducation.

com

9.(ii) In Circle and Ex-Circles of a Triangle

1. In circle

The circle that touches the three sides of a triangle ABC internally is called the
“in circle” or inscribed” of its triangle. The centre of the circle is called Incentre
denoted by I the radius of the circle is denoted by inradius denoted by Y

2. In a triangle ABC

∆ B C
(i) r = (ii) r = ( s − a ) = ( s − b ) tan = ( s − c ) tan
S 2 2

a b C
(iii) r = = =
B C C A A B
cot + cot cot + cot cot + cot
2 2 2 2 2 2

A B C
(iv) r = 4 R sin sin sin
2 2 2

3. Excircle: - The circle that touches the side BC (opposite to angle A) internally
and the other two sides AB and AC externally is called Excircle. The centre of
this circle is called excentre opposite to ‘A’. denoted by I1 . The radius of this
circle is called ex-radius, denoted by r1

|||ly exradius opposite to angle B is denoted by r2 . The centre of this excircle is

denoted by I 2 exradius opposite to angle C is denoted by r3 . The centre of this
ex-circle is denoted by I 3

4. In a triangle ABC

∆ ∆ ∆
(i) r1 = (ii) r2 = (iii) r3 =
s−a s−b s−c

B C
5. (i) r1 = s tan A / 2 (ii) r2 = s tan (iii) r3 = s tan
2 2

B c B
6. (i) r1 = ( s − c ) cot (ii) r2 = ( s − a ) cot (iii) r3 = ( s − a ) cot
2 2 2

C A A
= ( s − b ) cot = ( s − c ) cot = ( s − c ) cot
2 2 2

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

a b c
7. (i) r1 = (ii) r2 = (iii) r3 =
B C C A A B
tan + tan tan + tan tan + tan
2 2 2 2 2 2

A B C A B C
8. (i) r1 = 4 R sin cos cos (ii) r2 = 4 Rcos sin cos
2 2 2 2 2 2

A B C
(iii) r3 = 4 R cos cos sin
2 2 2

SOME IMPORTANT THEOREMS

1 1 1 1
1. In a triangle ABC prove that = + +
r r1 r2 r3

Solution : -

1 1 1 1 1 1
RHS + + = + +
r1 r2 r3 ∆ ∆ ∆
s−a s−b s−c

s −a s − b s − c 3s − a− b − c 3s − 2 s s 1 1
+ + = = = = =
∆ ∆ ∆ ∆ ∆ ∆ ∆ r
 
s

2. In a triangle ABC prove that r r1 r2 r3 = ∆ 2

Solution : -

∆ ∆ ∆ ∆
LHS r r1 r2 r3 =
s s−a s−b s−c

∆4 ∆4
= = 2 = ∆2
s ( s − a )( s − b )( s − c ) ∆

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

3. In a triangle ABC prove that r1 r2 + r2 r3 + r3 r1= s 2

Solution : -

∆2 ∆2 ∆2
r1r2 + r2 r3 + r3 r1 = + +
( s − a )( s − b ) ( s − b )( s − c ) ( s − c )( s − a )
∆2 ( s − c ) + ∆2 ( s − a ) + ∆2 ( s − b)
( s − a )( s − b )( s − c )
∆ 2 {3s − a − b − c} ∆ 2 s {3s − 2 s} ∆ 2 ( s )( s )
= = = = s2
( s − a )( s − b )( s − c ) s ( s − a )( s − b )( s − c ) ∆ 2

4. In a triangle ABC prove that r {r1 + r2 + r3 } = bc + ca + ab − s 2

Solution : -

∆  ∆ ∆ ∆ 
r ( r1 + r2 + r3 ) =  + + 
s s − a s − b s − c

∆2  ( s − b )( s − c ) + ( s − c )( s − a ) + ( s −a )( s − b ) 
=  
s  ( s − a )( s − b )( s − c ) 

 s 2 − bs − cs + bc + s 2 − cs −as + ac + s 2 − ab − bs + ab 
=∆  2

 s ( s − a )( s − b )( s − c ) 

=
{
∆ 2 3s 2 − 2as − 2bs − 2cs + bc + ca + ab }
∆2

{
= 3s 2 − 2 s ( a + b + c ) + bc + ca + ab }
= bc + ca + ab + 3s 2 − 4s 2 ∵ a + b + c = 2s

= bc + ca + ab − s 2

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

A
1. In a triangle ABC express ∑ r1 cot
2
in terms of S

Solution : -

C
∑ r cot A / 2 = r cot A / 2
1 1 + r2 cot B / 2 + r3 cot
2

r1 = s tan A / 2 r2 = s tan B / 2 r3 = s tan C / 2

A C C
= s tan cot A / 2 + s tan B / 2 cot B / 2 + s tan cot
2 2 2

= s + s + s = 3s

2. Show that ∑ a cot A = 2 ( R + r )

LHS ∑ a cot A = a cot A + b cos B + c cot C

cos A cos B cos c

2 R sin A + 2 R sin B + 2 R sin c
sin A sin B sin c

  A B C 
= 2 R {cos A + cos B + cos C} = 2 R 1 + 4sin   sin sin 
 2 2 2 

 A B C
 4 R sin 2 sin 2 sin 2   r
= 2 R 1 +  = 2 R 1 + 
 R   R
 

= 2 { R + r}

3. In a triangle ABC prove that

(i) r1 + r2 + r3 − r = 4 R (ii) r1 − r2 + r3 + r = 4 R cos B

(iii) r1 + r2 − r3 + r = 4 R cos C (iv) r3 + r2 − r1 + r = 4 R cos A

A B C
Solution: - Here r1 = 4 R sin A / 2 cos B / 2 cos C / 2 : r2 = 4 R cos sin cos
2 2 2

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

A B C A B C
r3 = 4 R cos cos sin r = 4 R cos sin sin
2 2 2 2 2 2

(i) r1 + r2 + r3 = {4 R sin A / 2 cos B / 2 cos C / 2 + 4 R cos A / 2 sin B / 2 cos C / 2}

 A B C A B C
+  4 R cos cos sin − 4 R sin sin sin 
 2 2 2 2 2 2

C A B A B C A B A B
= R cos sin cos + cos sin  + 4 R sin cos cos − sin sin 
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

C  A B C  A B
= R cos sin  +  + 4 R sin cos  + 
2 2 2 2 2 2

C  C C  A B
= 4 R cos sin  900 −  + 4 R sin cos  + 
2  2 2 2 2

C  C C  C
= 4 R cos sin  900 −  + 4 R sin cos  900 − 
2  2 2  2

C C
= 4 R cos 2 + 4 R sin 2 = 4 R
2 2

(ii) r1 − r2 + r3 + r = ( r1 + r3 ) − ( r2 − r )

 A B C A B C
= 4 R sin cos cos + 4 R cos cos sin 
 2 2 2 2 2 2

 A B C 
−  4 R cos sin cos − 4 R sin A / 2 sin B / 2 sin C / 2 
 2 2 2 

B  A C A C
= 4 R cos sin cos + cos sin 
2  2 2 2 2

B A C C
− 4 R sin cos cos − sin A / 2 sin 
2 2 2 2

B  A+C A C
= 4 R cos sin   − 4 R sin B / 2 cos  + 
2  2  2 2

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

B  B B  B
4 R cos sin  900 −  − 4 R sin . cos  90 − 
2  2 2  2

 B B
4 R cos 2 − sin 2  = 4 R cos B
 2 2

(iii) r1 + r2 − r3 + r = ( r1 + r2 ) − ( r3− r )

 A B C A B C
= 4 R sin cos cos + 4 R cos sin cos 
 2 2 2 2 2 2

 A B C A B C
−  4 R cos cos sin − 4 R sin sin sin 
 2 2 2 2 2 2

C A B A B
= 4 R cos sin cos + cos sin 
2 2 2 2 2

C A B A B
−4 R sin cos cos − sin sin 
2  2 2 2 2

C  A B C  A B
= 4 R cos sin  +  − 4 R sin cos  + 
2 2 2 2 2 2

C  C C  C
= 4 R cos sin  900 −  − 4 R sin cos  900 − 
2  2 2  2

C C  C C
= 4 R cos 2 − 4 R sin 2 = 4 R cos 2 − sin 2 
2 2  2 2

= 4 R cos C

(iv) r2 + r3 − r1 + r = ( r2 + r3 ) − ( r1 − r )

A A  A A
= 4 R cos 2 − 4 R sin 2 = 4 R cos 2 − sin 2 
2 2  2 2

= 4 RcosA

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

5. It r1+ r2 = r3 − r then show that C = 900

Solution : -

r1 + r2 = r3 −r

C C C C
4 R cos 2 = 4 R sin 2 ⇒ tan 2 = 1 ⇒ tan = 1
2 2 2 2

C
= 450 ⇒ C = 900
2

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

Prove that 4 ( r1r2 + r2 r3 + r3 r1 ) = ( a + b + c )

2
1.

In theorem 3 we have proved r1r2 + r2 r3 + r3 r1= s 2

∴ LHS {The student should prove the above result in the examination}

= 4 {r1r2 + r2 r3 + r3 r1} = 4 s 2 = ( 2 s ) = ( a + b+ c )
2 2

 1 1   1 1   1 1  abc 4 R
2. Prove that  −   −   −  = 3 = 2 2
 r r1   r r2   r r2  ∆ r s

Solution : -

1 1  1 1  1 1   s s −a   s s− b   s s −c 
 −   −   −  = −  −  − 
 r r1   r r2   r r3   ∆ ∆ ∆ ∆ ∆ ∆ 

a b c abc
= × × = but abc = 4 R∆
∆ ∆ ∆ ∆3

4 R∆ 4 Rs 2 4R  ∆
= = 2 2 = 2 2 r = 
∆ 3
∆ s r s  s

3. Prove that r ( r1 + r2 + r3 ) = ab + bc + ca − s 2

Hint : Refer to Theorem 4

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

r1 3
4. Show that ∑ ( s − b )( s − c ) = r

Solution : -

r1 r1 r2 r3
∑ ( s − b )( s −c ) = ( s − b )( s − c ) + ( s − c )( s − a ) + ( s − a )( s − b )

∆ ∆ ∆
But r1 = r2 = r3 =
s−a s−b s−c

∆ ∆ ∆
= + +
( s − a )( s − b )( s − c ) ( s − a )( s − b )( s − c ) ( s − a )( s − b )( s − c )
3∆s 3 ∆s 3 3
= = 2 = =
s ( s − a )( s − b )( s −c ) ∆ ∆ r
 
s

C C
5. Show that ( r1 + r2 ) tan = ( r3 − r ) cot = C
2 2

C  ∆ ∆  ( s − a )( s − b )
Solution : - ( r1 + r2 ) tan = + 
2 s −a s −b ∆

∆ ( s − a )( s − b )
{s − b + s − a} = 2s − a − b = a + b + c − a − b = c
( s −a )( s − b ) ∆

A B C
6. Show that r1 r2 r3 = r 3 cot 2 cot 2 cot 2
2 2 2

A B C
Consider RHS r1 r2 r3 = r 3 cot 2 cot 2 cot 2
2 2 2

∆3 s (s − a) s ( s − b) s ( s − c)
= × × ×
s3 ( s − b) ( s − c) ( s − c) ( s − a) ( s− a )( s − b )

∆3 ∆ ∆ ∆
= = . . = rr r
( s − a )( s − b )( s − c ) s − a s − b s − c 1 2 3

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

1 1 1 1 a 2 + b2 + c2
7. Show that + 2 + 2 + 2 =
r2 r1 r2 r3 ∆2

s2 ( s − a ) ( s − b) ( s − c ) = s 2 + s 2 − 2as + a 2 + s 2 − 2bs + b2 + s 2 − 2cs + c 2

2 2 2

+ + +
∆2 ∆2 ∆2 ∆2 ∆2

4s 2 − 2s ( a + b + c ) + a 2 + b 2 + c 2 4s 2 − 4s 2 + a 2 + b 2 + c 2 a 2 + b 2 + c 2
= =
∆2 ∆2 ∆2

8. If A = 900 then show that 2 ( r + R ) = b + c

Solution : -

2 ( r + R ) = 2r + 2 R

2 ( s − a ) tan A / 2 + 2 R sin 900

2 ( s − a ) tan 450 + 2 R sin A

2 ( s − a ) + a ⇒ 2 s − 2a + a = b + c

r1 ( r2 + r3 )
9. Prove that =a
r1r2 + r2 r3 + r3r3

Solution : -

LHS
∆  ∆ ∆  ∆2
 +  {s − b + s − c}
s −a s +b s − c =
( s − a )( s − b )( s − c )
∆2 ∆2 ∆2 ∆2
+ + ( s − a )( s − b ) + ( s − c )
( s − a )( s − b ) ( s − b )( s − c ) ( s − c )( s − a ) ( s − a )( s − b )( s − c )

∆2 ( s − a ) ( s −b ) ( s − c ) a
× ×
( s − a )( s − b )( s − c ) ∆ 3s − 2 s

a∆ a∆
= =a
s ( s − a )( s − b )( s − c ) ∆

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

10. In a triangle ABC if ( r2 − r1 )( r3 − r1 ) = 2r2 r3 then prove that A = 900

Solution: -

Given ( r2 − r1 )( r3 − r1 ) = 2r2 r3

r2 r3 − r1r2 − r1r3 + r12 = 2r2 r3

r12 = r1r2 + r2 r3 + r3 r1

∆2 ∆2 ∆2
r = + +
2
1
( s − a )( s − b ) ( s − b ) ( s − c ) ( s − c )( s − a )
∆2
r12 = {s − c + s − a + s − b}
( s − a )( s − b )( s − c )
s ( s − a )( s − b )( s − c )
r12 = × s ⇒ r12 = s 2
( s − a )( s − b )( s − c )
A A
s 2 tan 2 = s 2 ⇒ tan = 1
2 2

A = 900 ∴ Triangle is right angled

11. If r : R = r1 = 2 : 5 :12 then prove that triangle on right angled of A

Solution: Let r = 2k R = 5k r1 = 12k

r1 − r = 4 R sin A / 2 cos B / 2 cos C / 2 − 4 R sin A / 2 sin B / 2 sin C / 2

 B C B C
= 4 R sin A / 2 cos cos − sin sin 
 2 2 2 2

A   B C  A  0 A
= R sin cos  +   = 4 R sin cos  90 − 
2   2 2  2  2

= 4 R sin 2 A / 2

r1 − r = 4 R sin 2 A / 2

 A  10 K
12k − 2k = 4 ( 5k ) sin 2 A / 2 ⇒ sin 2   =
 2  20 K

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

A 1
sin = ⇒ A = 900
2 2

12. If A, A1 , A2 , A3 are the areas of incircle and excircle of a triangle respectively

1 1 1 1
then prove that + + =
A1 A2 A3 A

Solution : -

Here A = π r 2 A1 = π r12 ; A2 = π r22 ; A3 = π r32

1 1 1 1 1 1
LHS + + = + +
A1 A2 A3 π r12
π r22
π r32

1 1 1 1  1  s − a s −b s − c 
 + + =  + + 
π  r1 r2 r3  π  ∆ ∆ ∆ 

1  3s − ( a + b + c )  1 s 1 1
 = = ×
∆  ∆  π ∆ π ∆
 
s

1 1 1 1
= . =
π r πr 2
A

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

r
1. In a triangle ABC show that cos A + cos B + cos C = 1 +
R

 A +B   A− B
2 cos   cos   + cos C
 2   2 

 C  A−B
2 cos  900 −  cos   + cos C
 2  2 

C  A −B 2 C
2sin cos   + 1 − 2 sin
2  2  2

C   A− B C
1 + 2sin cos   − sin 
2   2  2

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

C   A−B  A + B 
1 + 2sin cos   − sin 90 − 
0

2  2   2 

C   A−B  A + B 
1 + sin cos   − cos  
2  2   2 

C  A B
1 + 2 sin  2 sin sin 
2  2 2

A B C
1 + 4 sin sin sin
2 2 2

A B C
4 R sin sin sin
1+ 2 2 2 =1+ r
R R

2. In a triangle ABC prove that

A B C r
cos 2 cos 2 + cos 2 = 2 +
2 2 2 2R

1 + cos A + 1 + cos B + 1 + cos C 3 + {cos A + cos B + cos C}

LHS =
2 2

r
From above problem cos A + cos B + cos C =1 +
R

r r
3 +1+ 4+
∴= R = R =2+ r
2 2 2R

A B C r
3. In a triangle ABC sin 2 + sin 2 + sin 2 = 1 −
2 2 2 2R

Solution : -

A B C
LHS = sin 2 + sin 2 + sin 2
2 2 2

1 − cos A 1 − cos B 1 − cos C

+ +
2 2 2

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

 r
3 − 1 + 
3 + {cos A + cos B + cos c}  R
=
2 2

r r
3 −1 − 2−
R = R =1 − r
2 2 2R

rr1
4.(i) In a triangle ABC prove that (i) a = ( r2 + r3 )
r2 r3

4R − r1 − r2
(ii) ∆ = r1r2
r1 + r2

Solution : -

∆2
rr1  ∆ ∆  s (s − a)
RHS = ( r2 + r3 ) = + 
r2 r3  s − b s − c  ∆2
( s − b )( s − c )

∆ {s −c + s − b} ∆2 ( s − b )( s − c )
= .
( s − b )( s − c ) s (s − a) ∆2

∆ . ( 2 s − b −c ) ( s − b )( s − c ) ∆ {a + b + c − b − c} = a
= =
{ ( s − b )( s − c )} s ( s −a ) s ( s − a )( s − b )( s − c )
2

4R − r1 − r2
(ii) ∆ = r1r2
r1 + r2

A B C A B C
r1 + r2 = 4 R sin cos cos + 4 R cos sin cos
2 2 2 2 2 2

C   A B  c  0 c
= 4 R cos sin  +   = 4 R cos sin  90 − 
2   2 2  2  2

C
= 4 R cos 2
2

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

C
4 R − 4 R cos 2
RHS r1r2 2
C
4 R cos 2
2

C
4 R sin 2
r1r2 2 = ∆ . ∆ × tan C
C s − a s −b 2
4 R cos 2
2

∆2 ( s − a) ( s − b)
= . =∆
( s − a) ( s − b) ∆

5. Prove that r12 + r22 + r32 + r 2 = 16 R 2 = ( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 )

Solution: -

From 3rd problem of very short answer questions

We have r1 + r2 + r3 − r= 4 R

Squaring on both sides

( r1 + r2 + r3 − r ) = 16 R 2
2

( r1 + r2 ) + ( r3 − r ) + 2 ( r1 + r2 )( r3 − r ) = 16 R 2
2 2

r12 + r22 + 2r1r2 + r32 + r 2 − 2r3 r + 2r1r3 − 2r1r + 2r2 r3 − 2r2 r = 16 R 2

r12 + r22 + r32 + 2 ( r1 r2 + r2 r3+ r3 + r3r1 ) − 2r ( r1 + r2 + r3 ) = 16 R 2

Here from theorem 3 & 4 we have

r1r2 + r2 r3 + r3 r1 = s 2

r ( r1 + r2 + r3 ) = ab + bc + ca − s 2

∴ r12 + r22 + r32 + r 2 + 2 s 2 − 2 {ab + bc + ca − s 2 } = 16 R 2

r12 + r22 + r32 + r 2 + 2 s 2 − 2ab − 2bc − 2ca + 2 s 2 = 16 R 2

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

r12 + r22 + r32 + r 2 + 4 s 2 − 2ab − 2bc − 2ca = 16 R 2

r12 + r22 + r32 + r 2 + ( a + b + c ) − 2ab − 2bc − 2ca = 16 R 2

2

r12 + r22 + r32 + r 2 + a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca − 2ab − 2bc − 2ca = 16R 2

r12 + r22 + r32 + r 2 = 16 R 2 − ( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 )

6. If P1 , P2 , P3 are altitudes drawn from vertices A, B, C to the opposite sides of

a triangle respectively then show that

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(i) + + = (ii) − + =
P1 P2 P3 r P1 P2 P3 r2

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(iii) + − = (iv) + − =
P1 P2 P3 r3 P2 P3 P1 r1

( abc )
2
8∆R 3
(v) P1 P2 P3 = =
8R3 abc

1 1 1 cot A + cot B +cot C

(vi) + 2 + 2 =
P12
P2 P3 ∆2

Solution: -
A
In a triangle ABC

1 2∆
∆= × a × P1 ⇒ P1 = P1
2 a

2∆ 2∆ B a C
|||ly P2 = P3 =
b c

1 1 1 a b c a + b + c 2s s 1
Solution (i) + + = + + = = = =
P1 P2 P3 2∆ 2∆ 2∆ 2∆ 2∆ ∆ r

1 1 1 a− b + c 2 ( s − b ) s − b 1
Solution (ii) − + = = = =
P1 P2 P3 2∆ 2∆ ∆ r2

1 1 1 a + b − c 2( s − c) s − c 1
Solution (iii) + − = = = =
P1 P2 P3 2∆ 2∆ ∆ r3

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

1 1 1 b + c − a 2( s − a) s − a 1
Solution (iv) + − = = = =
P2 P3 P1 2∆ 2∆ ∆ r1

843 abc
Solution (v) P1 P2 P3 = but ∆ =
abc ∆R
3
 abc 
8  8 ( abc ) ( abc )
3 2

=  4R 
= =
abc 64 R 3 abc 8R3

1 1 1 a 2 + b2 + c2
Solution (vi) LHS 2 + 2 + 2 =
p1 P2 P3 4∆ 2

RHS = ( cot A + cot B + cot C ) / ∆

cos A b 2 + c 2 − a 2 b2 + c2 − a 2
cot A = = =
sin A 2bc sin A 4∆

a 2 + c2 − b2 a 2 + b2 − c2
||| cot B =
ly
cot c =
4∆ 4∆

cot A + cot B + cot C 1  b 2 + c 2 − a 2 + c 2 + a 2 − b 2 + a 2 + b 2 − c 2 

=  
∆ ∆  4∆ 

a 2 + b2 + c2
= = LHS
4∆ 2

65 21
7. If a = 13 b = 14 c = 15 show that R = r = 4 r1 = r2 = 12 and r3 = 14
8 2

Solution : -

Given a = 13, b = 14, c = 15

a+b+c
s= = 21 s − a = 8 s−b=7 s−c=6
2

∆ = s ( s − a )( s − b )( s − c ) = 21 × 8 × 7 × 6

= 7 × 3× 2× 2× 2× 7 × 3× 2 = 7 × 3 × 2 × 2 = 84

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

5
abc 13 × 14 × 15 65 ∆ 84
R= = = :r = = =4
4∆ 4 × 84 8 S 21
62

∆ 84 21 ∆ 84 ∆ 84
r1 = = = r2 = = = 12 ; r3 = = = 14
s−a 8 2 s−b 7 s −c 6

8. If r1 = 2 r2 = 3 r3= 6 then prove that r = 1 a = 3 b = 4 c = 5

Solution: -

1 1 1 1
We know that + + =
r1 r2 r3 r

1 1 1 1 3 + 2 +1 1
+ + = ⇒ = ⇒ r =1
2 3 6 6 6 r

We know that rr1r2 r3 = ∆ 2 ⇒ 1× 2 × 3 × 6 = ∆ 2

∴∆ = 6

∆ 6
r= ⇒1= ⇒ s = 6
s s

∆ 6
r1 = ⇒2= ⇒ s −a = 3⇒ 6 − a = 3⇒ a= 3
s −a s −a

∆ 6
r2 = ⇒3= ⇒ s − b = 2 ⇒ 6− b = 2 ⇒ b = 4
s−b s−b

∆ 6
rs = ⇒6= ⇒ s − c =1⇒ 6− c =1⇒c = 5
s−c s− c

Problem for practice : In a triangle ABC if r1 = 8 r2 = 12 r3 = 24 find a, b, c

C A B
In a triangle ABC prove that ( r1 + r2 ) sec 2 = ( r2 + r3 ) 842 = ( r3 + r1 ) sec 2
2 2 2

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

ab − r1r2 bc − r2 r3 ca − r1r3
9. In a triangle ABC show that = =
r3 r1 r2

( 2 R sin A) ( 2 R sin B ) −  4 R sin

A B C A B C
cos cos   4 R cos sin cos 
ab − r1r2  2 2 2  2 2 2
=
r3 4 R cos A / 2 cos B / 2 sin C / 2

 A  B B  A B C
4 R 2  2sin  2sin cos  16 R 2 ( sin A / 2 cos B / 2 cos C / 2 )  cos sin cos 
=  2  2 2  2 2 2
A B C
4 R cos cos sin
2 2 2

A B A B  C
16 R 2 sin sin cos cos 1 − cos 2 
2 2 2 2  2
A B C
4 R cos cos sin
2 2 2

4 R sin A / 2 sin B / 2 sin C / 2 = r

bc − r2 r3 ca − r1r3
|||ly we have prove = r and =r
r1 r2

B−C
10. In a triangle ABC prove that ∑ ( r + r ) tan  2  = 0
1

Solution: -

A B C A B C
r1r2 = 4 R sin cos cos + 4 R sin sin sin
2 2 2 2 2 2

A B−C
= 4 R sin cos  
2  2 

 B −C 
sin  
B−C A B−C  2 
∑ ( r + r ) tan  2  = ∑
1 4 R sin cos 
2

 2  B−C
cos  
 2 

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

 B+C B−C
∑ 3R 2sin  900 −

 . sin 
2 

 2 

  B +C   B − C 
∑ 2 R 2 cos 
  2 
 sin 
 2 


∑ 2 R {sin B − sin C} = ∑ 2 R sin B − 2 R sin C

∑ b−c= b−c+c−a+a−b=0

r1 r r 1 1
11. In a triangle ABC prove that + 2 + 3 = −
bc ca ab r 2 R

r1 r r ar + br2 + cr3
Solution: - + 2 + 3 = 1
bc ca ab abc

1 1  A
=
abc
∑ ar = abc ∑ ( 2 R sin A)  s tan 2 
1

2 RS A A sin A
=
abc
∑ 2 sin 2 cos
2 A
cos
2

2 RS A
=
4 R∆
∑ 2sin 2
2

s
=
2∆
∑1− cos A
s
= {1 − cos A + 1 − cos B + 1 − cos C}
2∆

=
1
∆
{3 − ( cos A + cos B + cos C )}
2 
s

1   r 1  r 1 1
3 − 1 +   = 2 −  = −
2r   R   2r  R  r 2R

www.sakshieducation.com
 www.sakshieducation.com

 from prob 1 of long answer questions 

 
cos A + cos B + cos C = 1 + r 
 R 
The student has to prove this in 
 
exa min ation 

www.sakshieducation.com