Thermodynamics Test Questions - Set - 8

Thermodynamics Test Questions - Set - 8

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1) The substance which is homogeneous and invariable in

chemical composition throughout its mass is called as ____.
a. ideal substance
b. pure substance
c. solid substance
d. none of the above

Answer Explanation Related Ques
ANSWER: pure substance
Explanation:
Pure substances have homogeneous and invariable chemical
composition throughout its mass. Atmospheric air, combustion products
of fuel are the examples of pure substance.
2) The two-property rule statement consists that ____.
a. to fix state of pure substance of a given mass, the system should be in

equilibrium
b. to fix state of pure substance of a given mass, any two independent
intensive properties of the substance should be specified
c. both a. and b. conditions should be satisfied

ANSWER: both a. and b. conditions should be satisfied
Explanation:
The state of pure substance of a given mass can be fixed by specifying
two independent intensive properties when the system is in equilibrium.
http://www.careerride.com/mcq-daily/thermodynamics-test-questions-set-8-255.aspx[20/1/2018 8:04:24 PM]

Once any two properties of a pure substance is known then other

properties can be calculated from available thermodynamic relations.
3) Absolute pressure is measured as
a. Gauge pressure – Atmospheric pressure

b. Gauge pressure + Atmospheric pressure
c. Gauge pressure / Atmospheric pressure

ANSWER: Gauge pressure + Atmospheric pressure
Explanation:
Most pressure measuring instruments indicate pressure relative to the
atmospheric pressure, Whereas the pressure of a system is its pressure
above zero, or relative to a perfect vacuum. The pressure relative to the
atmosphere is called as gauge pressure. The pressure relative to the
perfect vacuum is called as absolute pressure.
4) A platinum resistance thermometer has a resistance of 2 ohm at

0° C and 3 ohm at 100° C. What will be the temperature when
resistance indicates 5 ohm?
a. 300° C
b. 200° C
c. 350° C
d. 400° C

ANSWER: 300° C
Explanation:
The resistance and temperature relation is given by R = R0 (1 + αt) by
electric resistance thermometer.

where R0 is the resistance at 0° C
R0 = 2 ohm
R100 =3 ohm

= (1 + α 100)
Therefore α = 0.005
Now,
R= 5 ohm
5 = 2 (1 + 0.005t)
t = 300° C
5) Heat flow is a quantity of heat transfer
a. within definite time

b. within definite cross-sectional area
c. within definite volume of the system

ANSWER: within definite time
Explanation:
The direction of the heat transfer takes place from a body with higher
temperature to a body with lower temperature. The heat transfer takes
place through all directions of the system with different rates of heat
transfer. Heat transfer with a certain rate is a heat flow. Heat flow can be
defined as a quantity of heat transfer within definite time. Q is the symbol
of heat flow. If heat flows into a system then it is considered positive and
if heat flows out of the system then it is considered as negative.
6) The process in which no heat transfer takes place through

boundaries is called as
a. isothermal process
b. adiabatic process
c. isochoric process

ANSWER: adiabatic process
Explanation:
In adiabatic process, no heat crosses the boundaries of the system.

Therefore no heat transfer takes place in adiabatic process. There is only

work interaction between system and surrounding in adiabatic process.
And the wall or boundary which does not allow the heat to flow through it
is called as adiabatic wall and the wall which allows the heat to flow
through it is called as diathermic wall. Isothermal process is the process
in which temperature is constant. In isothermal process, the heat flows
into or out of the system is very slow to maintain thermal equilibrium.
Isochoric is the constant volume process.
7) Heat transfer is
a. a point function
b. a path function
c. a transfer function

ANSWER: a path function
Explanation:
The quantity of heat transfer that is heat flow Q can be determined in
terms of the work W in the same process. Work involved in a process is
not the same because it depends upon the path through which the
process is carried out. The work involved in a process is not conserved.
But, the difference (Q – W) is conserved for all the paths between the two
states in a process, because of principle of conservation of energy.
Therefore, heat flow Q, like W, depends on the path through which the
process is carried out. Heat flow is path-dependent not a property.
Therefore heat transfer is a path function. The amount of heat transfer
when a system changes from state 1 to state 2 depends on the paths
through which the system passes.
8) The equation for calculating amount of heat transfer through a

system boundary
when,
T is temperature, an intensive property
X is an extensive property which is result of heat transfer is

a. Q1-2 = 1∫2 T dX
b. Q1-2 = 1∫2 X dT
c. Q1-2 = 1∫2 (1/T) dX


ANSWER: Q1-2 = 1∫2 T dX
Explanation:
Heat transfer is also a path function like work transfer. The work involved
in a thermodynamic process is give by the equation,
W1-2 = 1∫2 P dV
where,
p is the pressure and V is the volume of the system.
Whenever there is change in pressure, there will be displacement work.
Therefore, pressure difference is a cause and the work transfer is the
effect and the change in volume is a result. The quantity of the heat
transfer can also be determined as work transfer. In heat transfer
process, whenever there is temperature difference, heat transfer takes
place and a change is certain extensive property takes place. Thus,
temperature is the cause and heat transfer is the effect. Therefore, the
heat flow can be determined by Q1-2 = 1∫2 T dX.
9) The amount of heat required to raise a unit mass of substance

through a unit rise in temperature is called as
a. heat capacity of a substance

b. specific heat of a substance
c. latent heat of a substance

ANSWER: specific heat of a substance
Explanation:

Specific heat of the substance is defined as the amount of heat required

to raise a unit mass of substance through a unit rise in temperature. The
symbol used for specific heat is 'c'.
c = Q / (m . Δt) J/kg K
Where Q is the amount of heat in J, m is the mass of substance in kg, t is

the temperature in K.
For gases, if the process is at constant pressure then specific heat is
cp. If the process is at constant volume, then it is cv.
The product of mass (m) of the substance and specific heat (c) is heat
capacity. The capital letters, C , Cp , Cp are used for heat capacity.
10) The amount of heat transferred to convert unit mass of solid to

vapour or vice versa is called as
a. latent heat of vaporization

b. latent heat of fusion
c. latent heat of sublimation
d. specific heat

ANSWER: latent heat of sublimation
Explanation:
The amount of heat transfer required to cause a phase change in unit
mass of a substance at constant volume and temperature is called as
latent heat. There are three types of latent heat as there are three phases
solid, liquid, gas or vapour. The amount of heat transfer required to melt
unit mass into liquid or liquid into solid is the latent heat of fusion (lfu).
The latent heat of vaporization (lvap) is the amount of heat transfer
required to vaporise unit mass of liquid into vapour or vice versa. The
latent heat of sublimation (lsub) is the amount of heat transfer required to
convert unit mass of solid into vapour of vice versa.

11) Which among the following statements are correct?

(1) Energy is an extensive property
(2) Specific energy is an extensive property
(3) Energy is a point function
(4) Heat capacity is an extensive property
a. Statement (1), (2) and (3)

b. Statement (1), (3) and (4)
c. Statement (2), (3) and (4)
d. Statement (1), (2), (3) and (4)

ANSWER: Statement (1), (3) and (4)
Explanation:
We know that, when a system changes from state 1 to state 2, the
change in internal energy (ΔE) of the state 2 is same as that of the state
1. Therefore value of internal energy of the system is independent of the
path followed by the system. It has a fixed value along the path, therefore
energy is the point function [statement (3) is correct]. But energy changes
with mass of the body, therefore it is an extensive property [statement (1)
is correct]. Specific energy is the energy of the system per unit mass of
the system, therefore it will become intensive property [statement (2) is
wrong]. Heat capacity is the product of specific heat and mass of the
body. It depends on mass of the system, therefore heat capacity is an
extensive property.
12) A quasi-static process has main characteristics as it is
a. a stationary process
b. an infinitely slow process
c. a random process
d. a spontaneous process

ANSWER: an infinitely slow process
Explanation:
Consider a system of gas exists in a cylinder. The piston consists of

many very small pieces of weights. Initially system is in an equilibrium

state. When the gas system is isolated, the weights on piston are
removed one by one slowly, at any instant of upward travel of the piston.
So every state passes through by the system will be in an equilibrium
state. Thus the system passes through the locus of all equilibrium points.
This infinitely slow system is a quasi-static process. If the same small
weights are now placed slowly one by one on top of the piston then the
process will reverse in the same manner.
13) Match the following irreversibilities
(1) Mechanical irreversibility ------ (A) Refrigeration cycle

(2) Thermal irreversibility --------- (B) Forming of water by
combination of Hydrogen and Oxygen
(3) Chemical irreversibility -------- (C) Free expansion of gas in a
system
(4) External irreversibility --------- (D) Melting of ice cube under the
sunlight
a. (1)-(A), (2)-(B), (3)-(C), (4)-(D)

b. (1)-(A), (2)-(D), (3)-(B), (4)-(C)
c. (1)-(C), (2)-(D), (3)-(A), (4)-(B)
d. (1)-(C), (2)-(D), (3)-(B), (4)-(A)

ANSWER: (1)-(C), (2)-(D), (3)-(B), (4)-(A)
Explanation:
If the irreversibility is due to a finite pressure gradient, it is called as
mechanical irreversibility. Thus, free expansion of gas in a system is the
example of mechanical irreversibility.
It the irreversibility is due to a finite temperature gradient, it is called as

thermal irreversibility. Thus, melting of ice cube under the sunlight is the
example of mechanical irreversibility.
If the irreversibility is due to a finite concentration gradient or chemical

reaction in the system, it is called as chemical irreversibility. Thus,

forming of water by combination of Hydrogen and Oxygen is the example
of mechanical irreversibility.
In refrigeration cycle, irreversibility occurs due to temperature difference

between the source and a working fluid that is refrigerant at heat supply
and the temperature difference between the sink and the refrigerant at
heat rejection.
14) A cyclic heat engine operates between a source temperature of

927 oC and a sink temperature of 27 oC. What will be the maximum
efficiency of the heat engine?
a. 100 %
b. 80 %
c. 75 %
d. 70 %

ANSWER: 75 %
Explanation:
Heat engine is operated between the temperatures
T1 = 927 0C = 927 + 273 = 1200 K and

T2 = 27 0C = 27 + 273 = 300 K
The maximum efficiency of a heat engine is given by,
ηmax = 1 – (T2/T1)
ηmax = 1 – (300/1200)
ηmax = 0.75
15) PMM2 is the machine which violates ___________
a. Kelvin-Planck statement
b. Clausius statement

c. both a. and b.

ANSWER: both a. and b.
Explanation:
PMM2 (Perpetual Motion Machine of the Second Kind) is a hypothetical
machine which violates the second law of thermodynamics. Kelvin-
Planck as well as Clausius statement both represents the second law of
thermodynamics. The Kelvin-Planck statement is related to heat engine
whereas the Clausius statement is related to heat pump.
If a machine violates one of the two statements then the other statement
is always violated. Therefore, PMM2 is the machine which violates both
Kelvin-Planck as well as Clausius statement of second law of
thermodynamics.
16) What is the equation for entropy of a system if two parts 1 and

2 having entropies S1 and S2 are considered in equilibrium?
a. S = S1 – S2
b. S = S1 + S2
c. S = (S1 + S2) / 2
d. S = √S1 S2

ANSWER: S = S1 + S2
Explanation:
No explanation is available for this question!
17) Exergy is not conserved but destroyed in the process. What is

the reason behind this?
a. reversibility
b. irreversibility
c. both reversibility and irreversibility


ANSWER: irreversibility
Explanation:
18) What does the exergy principle state?
a. The exergy of an isolated system can never decreases, but always

increases
b. The exergy of an isolated system can never increases, but always
decreases
c. The exergy of an isolated system can either increases or decreases
d. cannot say

ANSWER: The exergy of an isolated system can never increases,

but always decreases
Explanation:
19) People use electric energy to heat and light homes. What does
it indicate?
a. People are destroying energy

b. People are creating energy
c. People are converting energy from more exergy value to less exergy
value
d. People are converting energy from less exergy value to more exergy
value

ANSWER: People are converting energy from more exergy value to

less exergy value
Explanation:

20) The ratio of minimum exergy which must be consumed to

perform the task to the actual amount of energy consumed in
performing the same task is called as
a. first law efficiency

b. second law efficiency
c. exergy efficiency

ANSWER: second law efficiency
Explanation:
21) The dryness (x) fraction of superheated steam is taken as
a. x= 0
b. x= 0.9
c. x= 0.999
d. x= 1

ANSWER: x= 1
Explanation:
22) What is a liquid, whose temperature is less than the saturation

temperature at the given pressure, called?
a. compressed liquid
b. subcooled liquid
c. both a. and b.

ANSWER: both a. and b.

Explanation:
23) What is the degree of subcooling?
a. the difference between saturation temperature of liquid and actual

temperature of liquid
b. the difference between saturation temperature of vapour and actual
temperature of liquid
c. the difference between saturation temperature of liquid and actual
temperature of vapour
d. the difference between saturation temperature of vapour and actual
temperature of vapour

ANSWER: the difference between saturation temperature of liquid

and actual temperature of liquid
Explanation:
24) Dalton's law of partial pressure states that
a. the total pressure of a mixture of ideal gases is equal to the sum of the
partial pressures of individual gases divided by number of gases mixed
b. the total pressure of a mixture of ideal gases is equal to the partial

pressure of any individual gas in the mixture
c. the total pressure of a mixture of ideal gases is equal to the sum of the
partial pressures of individual gases

ANSWER: the total pressure of a mixture of ideal gases is equal to

the sum of the partial pressures of individual gases
Explanation:

25) What is the partial volume of a gas in a mixture?
a. volume occupied by a single gas alone of a mixture at the same

temperature and pressure of the mixture
b. total volume of the mixture at a certain pressure and temperature
divided number of gases mixed in the mixture
c. both a. and b.

ANSWER: volume occupied by a single gas alone of a mixture at the

same temperature and pressure of the mixture
Explanation:
26) The sum of partial volumes of all gases in a mixture is equal to
a. less than the total volume of the mixture

b. the total volume of the mixture
c. more than the total volume of the mixture
d. cannot predict

ANSWER: the total volume of the mixture
Explanation:
27) In binary vapour cycle, the cycle which is operated in high

pressure ratio is called as
a. bottoming cycle
b. topping cycle
c. upper cycle
d. pressure cycle


ANSWER: topping cycle
Explanation:
28) What is the correct formula for brake efficiency of the turbine

in vapour power cycle?
Where out flow is as following,Ideal output(Actual work given to
turbine) ----> Internal losses ----> Internal output (Actual work
produced by turbine turbine) ----> External losses -----> Brake output
(Actual work at the shaft)
a. ηBrake = Brake output / Ideal output

b. ηBrake = Brake output / Internal output
c. ηBrake = Ideal output / Brake output
d. ηBrake = Internal output / Brake output

ANSWER: ηBrake = Brake output / Ideal output
Explanation:
29) What is the relation between brake efficiency, internal

efficiency and mechanical efficiency?
a. ηInternal = ηMech * ηBrake

b. ηMech = ηInternal * ηBrake
c. ηBrake = ηInternal * ηMech

ANSWER: ηBrake = ηInternal * ηMech
Explanation:

30) How is the COP of gas-refrigeration cycle compared with the

COP of vapour compression cycle, for the same capacity?
a. the COP of gas-refrigeration cycle is lower than the COP of vapour

compression cycle, for the same capacity
b. the COP of gas-refrigeration cycle is higher than the COP of vapour
compression cycle, for the same capacity
c. the COP of gas-refrigeration cycle is same as the COP of vapour
compression cycle

ANSWER: the COP of gas-refrigeration cycle is lower than the COP

of vapour compression cycle, for the same capacity
Explanation:
31) The gas-refrigeration system is
a. more heavy and bulky than the vapour compression cycle

b. less heavy and bulky than the vapour compression cycle
c. same in construction with the vapour compression cycle

ANSWER: less heavy and bulky than the vapour compression cycle
Explanation:
32) What is the perfect condition for dehumidification of air?
a. air is heated above its dew point temperature

b. air is cooled up to its dew point temperature
c. air is heated below its dew point temperature
d. air is cooled below its dew point temperature


ANSWER: air is cooled below its dew point temperature
Explanation:
33) At 100% relative humidity, the wet bulb temperature is
a. lower than the dew point temperature

b. higher than the dew point temperature
c. equal to the dew point temperature

ANSWER: equal to the dew point temperature
Explanation:
34) The dew point temperature is less than the wet bulb

temperature for
a. saturated air
b. unsaturated air
c. both saturated and unsaturated air

ANSWER: unsaturated air
Explanation:
35) When,
H1 = Total heat of air entering the coil (heating or cooling)
H2 = Total heat of air leaving the coil (heating or cooling)
H3 = Total heat of air at the end of the process (humidification or
dehumidification)
then, the sensible heat factor (H2 – H1) / (H3 – H1) represents the
process of

a. cooling and humidification

b. cooling and dehumidification
c. heating and humidification
d. heating and dehumidification

ANSWER: heating and humidification
Explanation:
36) When the rate of evaporation of water is zero, the relative

humidity of the air is
a. 0%
b. 100%
c. 50%
d. unpredictable

ANSWER: 100%
Explanation:
37) What is the pH value of water permissible for boiler?
a. 0
b. 7
c. slightly less than 7
d. slightly more than 7

ANSWER: slightly more than 7
Explanation:
38) The formation of scale boiler leads to

a. decrease in efficiency of boiler

b. increase in efficiency of boiler
c. increase in heat transfer
d. decrease in maintenance of boiler

ANSWER: decrease in efficiency of boiler
Explanation:

Thermodynamics Test Questions - Set - 8

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Thermodynamics Test Questions - Set - 8

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Thermodynamics Test Questions - Set - 8

Thermodynamics Test Questions - Set - 8

1) The substance which is homogeneous and invariable in

Answer Explanation Related Ques

ANSWER: pure substance

2) The two-property rule statement consists that ____.

a. to fix state of pure substance of a given mass, the system should be in

Answer Explanation Related Ques

ANSWER: both a. and b. conditions should be satisfied

http://www.careerride.com/mcq-daily/thermodynamics-test-questions-set-8-255.aspx[20/1/2018 8:04:24 PM]

Once any two properties of a pure substance is known then other

3) Absolute pressure is measured as

a. Gauge pressure – Atmospheric pressure

Answer Explanation Related Ques

ANSWER: Gauge pressure + Atmospheric pressure

4) A platinum resistance thermometer has a resistance of 2 ohm at

Answer Explanation Related Ques

electric resistance thermometer.

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5) Heat flow is a quantity of heat transfer

a. within definite time

Answer Explanation Related Ques

ANSWER: within definite time

6) The process in which no heat transfer takes place through

Answer Explanation Related Ques

ANSWER: adiabatic process

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Therefore no heat transfer takes place in adiabatic process. There is only

Answer Explanation Related Ques

ANSWER: a path function

8) The equation for calculating amount of heat transfer through a

http://www.careerride.com/mcq-daily/thermodynamics-test-questions-set-8-255.aspx[20/1/2018 8:04:24 PM]

c. Q1-2 = 1∫2 (1/T) dX

Answer Explanation Related Ques

ANSWER: Q1-2 = 1∫2 T dX

heat flow can be determined by Q1-2 = 1∫2 T dX.

9) The amount of heat required to raise a unit mass of substance

a. heat capacity of a substance

Answer Explanation Related Ques

ANSWER: specific heat of a substance

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Specific heat of the substance is defined as the amount of heat required

Where Q is the amount of heat in J, m is the mass of substance in kg, t is

cp. If the process is at constant volume, then it is cv.

10) The amount of heat transferred to convert unit mass of solid to

a. latent heat of vaporization

Answer Explanation Related Ques

ANSWER: latent heat of sublimation

The latent heat of vaporization (lvap) is the amount of heat transfer

convert unit mass of solid into vapour of vice versa.

http://www.careerride.com/mcq-daily/thermodynamics-test-questions-set-8-255.aspx[20/1/2018 8:04:24 PM]

11) Which among the following statements are correct?

a. Statement (1), (2) and (3)

Answer Explanation Related Ques

ANSWER: Statement (1), (3) and (4)

12) A quasi-static process has main characteristics as it is

Answer Explanation Related Ques

ANSWER: an infinitely slow process

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many very small pieces of weights. Initially system is in an equilibrium

13) Match the following irreversibilities

(1) Mechanical irreversibility ------ (A) Refrigeration cycle

a. (1)-(A), (2)-(B), (3)-(C), (4)-(D)

Answer Explanation Related Ques