Connectivity refers broadly to social connections forged through mediated

communications systems. That is, 'since the arrival of the World Wide Web and
the spread of mobile communications, mediated connectivity has been quietly
normalized as central to a consolidating ‘global imaginary’[1] One aspect of this
is the ability of the social media to accumulate economic capital from the users'
connections and activities on social media platforms by using certain
mechanisms in their architecture.[2] According to several scholars (van Dijck and
Poell) "it is a key element of social media logic, having a material and
metaphorical importance in social media culture".[3] This concept originates
from the technological term of "connectivity" but its application to the media
field has acquired additional social and cultural implications.[4][5] The increasing
role of social media in everyday life serves as the basis of such connectivity in
the 21st century. It shows the interrelations between the users activities on social
media and at the same time the empowerment of the social media platforms
with the data that was produced by the users and given to those services for
granted.

Connectivity developed with the rise of the Internet, first with the introduction
Web 1.0 and later Web 2.0. New improvements in equipment, software, the
advancement of speed and access have increased the level and quality of
connectivity. Along with these improvements, new media such as social
networking systems (e.g. Facebook, Twitter, Google+), websites that provide
access to user-generated content (e.g. Youtube, Myspace, Flickr), trading and
marketing sites (e.g. Amazon, eBay, Groupon) and also game sites (e.g.
FarmVille, The Sims Social) have become an essential part of everyday life of an
average user:[2] "Just as electricity in the 19th and 20th centuries transformed
societies by penetrating every fibre of people’s personal and professional lives,
network connectivity is probably the most powerful transformative force in early
21st-century cultures".[4] This made a shift in the understanding of the nature of
connectivity and moved the initial focus just from a technical side of the notion
to its increasingly acquired techno-socio-cultural character.[4][5]

As mentioned before, connectivity is built on the principles of Web 2.0. that

promote an openness, create the vision of empowerment of the user in the
generation of a new content and coordination of the information flow on the
Internet. These mechanisms encourage staying in touch with each other despite
distances and share as much data as possible. According to Youngs, the
development of the Internet has resulted in the deeper permeation of ICTs into
public and private spheres of peoples' life, their relationships and spheres of
identity.[5] Hence, connectivity becomes a resource of maintaining these
activities. However, van Dijck notices that this connectivity is not just a neutral
feature of new media, but is manufactured by the combination of human and
technological resources, where the role of technologies is intransparent.
Algorithms and protocols that are part of such platforms prompt users activities
and online experiences on social media platforms. One of the most prominent
activities on social media includes sharing and as Kennedy argues, "sharing
rhetoric draws on a cultural image of connectivity. Social media platforms are
not the only actors to use such imagining, mobile-based platforms do the same.
Network providers, handset manufacturers, and social media platforms each
promote social activities of togetherness enabled by their products which
evidences a sustained cultural norm of sharing through teletechnologies for the
purpose of affective connectivity".[6] Therefore, such architecture creates even
bigger demand in connectivity that is continuously exploited by the online
market. As José van Dijck notices, connectivity quickly assumed the connotation
of users accumulating social capital, while in fact this term increasingly referred
to owners amassing economic capital. As the result, social media gain political
and economic importance having the power at the levels of grassroots activists,
governments, and corporations.[2]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connectivity_(media)

Robotics is an interdisciplinary branch of engineering and science that includes

mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, computer science, and others.
Robotics deals with the design, construction, operation, and use of robots, as
well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information
processing.

These technologies are used to develop machines that can substitute for
humans and replicate human actions. Robots can be used in any situation and
for any purpose, but today many are used in dangerous environments
(including bomb detection and de-activation), manufacturing processes, or
where humans cannot survive. Robots can take on any form but some are
made to resemble humans in appearance. This is said to help in the
acceptance of a robot in certain replicative behaviors usually performed by
people. Such robots attempt to replicate walking, lifting, speech, cognition, and
basically anything a human can do. Many of today's robots are inspired by
nature, contributing to the field of bio-inspired robotics.

The concept of creating machines that can operate autonomously dates back
to classical times, but research into the functionality and potential uses of robots
did not grow substantially until the 20th century.[1] Throughout history, it has been
frequently assumed that robots will one day be able to mimic human behavior
and manage tasks in a human-like fashion. Today, robotics is a rapidly growing
field, as technological advances continue; researching, designing, and building
new robots serve various practical purposes, whether domestically,
commercially, or militarily. Many robots are built to do jobs that are hazardous to
people such as defusing bombs, finding survivors in unstable ruins, and exploring
mines and shipwrecks. Robotics is also used in STEM (Science, Technology,
Engineering, and Mathematics) as a teaching aid.

Robotics is a branch of engineering that involves the conception, design,

manufacture, and operation of robots. This field overlaps with electronics,
computer science, artificial intelligence, mechatronics, nanotechnology and
bioengineering.

Science-fiction author Isaac Asimov is often given credit for being the first person
to use the term robotics in a short story composed in the 1940s. In the story,
Asimov suggested three principles to guide the behavior of robots and smart
machines. Asimov's Three Laws of Robotics, as they are called, have survived to
the present: 1. Robots must never harm human beings. 2. Robots must follow
instructions from humans without violating rule 1. 3. Robots must protect
themselves without violating the other rules.

The word robotics was derived from the word robot, which was introduced to
the public by Czech writer Karel Čapek in his play R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal
Robots), which was published in 1920.[2] The word robot comes from the Slavic
word robota, which means labour. The play begins in a factory that makes
artificial people called robots, creatures who can be mistaken for humans – very
similar to the modern ideas of androids. Karel Čapek himself did not coin the
word. He wrote a short letter in reference to an etymology in the Oxford English
Dictionary in which he named his brother Josef Čapek as its actual originator.[2]

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the word robotics was first used in
print by Isaac Asimov, in his science fiction short story "Liar!", published in May
1941 in Astounding Science Fiction. Asimov was unaware that he was coining
the term; since the science and technology of electrical devices is electronics,
he assumed robotics already referred to the science and technology of robots.
In some of Asimov's other works, he states that the first use of the word robotics
was in his short story Runaround (Astounding Science Fiction, March 1942).[3][4]
However, the original publication of "Liar!" predates that of "Runaround" by ten
months, so the former is generally cited as the word's origin.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotics

The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services

Administration (Filipino: Pangasiwaan ng Pilipinas sa Serbisyong Atmospero,
Heopisiko at Astronomiya, abbreviated as PAGASA [pagˈasa], which means
"hope" as in the Tagalog word pag-asa) is the National Meteorological and
Hydrological Services (NMHS) agency of the Republic of the Philippines
mandated to provide protection against natural calamities and to insure the
safety, well-being and economic security of all the people, and for the
promotion of national progress by undertaking scientific and technological
services in meteorology, hydrology, climatology, astronomy and other
geophysical sciences. Created on December 8, 1972 by reorganizing the
Weather Bureau, PAGASA now serves as one of the Scientific and Technological
Services Institutes of the Department of Science and Technology.

PAGASA monitors tropical cyclone activity and issues warnings if they fall within
the Philippine Area of Responsibility or PAR. This area is bound by an imaginary
line drawn along the following coordinates:

25°N 120°E, 25°N 135°E, 5°N 135°E, 5°N 115°E, 15°N 115°E, 21°N 120°E and
back to the beginning.[13]

Tropical cyclone bulletins are issued by PAGASA every three hours for all tropical
cyclones within this area that are currently affecting the country, six hours when
cyclones are anticipated to make landfall within the Philippines, or twelve hours
when cyclones are not affecting land.

As of May 20, 2015, PAGASA used to classify tropical cyclones into five
categories:

 Tropical Depression - maximum 10-minute sustained winds of 30 to 60 km/h

  Tropical Storm - maximum 10-minute sustained winds of 61 to 88 km/h
 Severe Tropical Storm - maximum 10-minute sustained winds of 89 to
117 km/h
 Typhoon - maximum 10-minute sustained winds of more than 118 km/h
 Super Typhoon - maximum 10-minute sustained winds of more than
220 km/h.[14]

The climate of the Philippines is discussed in detail on the Climatology page of

the PAGASA website.

PAGASA lists patterns of temperature, humidity, rainfall, seasons, and four

climate Types, for the Philippines.

Climate Types are:

 Type 1 – Two pronounced seasons: Dry from November to April, Wet rest of
the year.
 Type 2 – No dry season, but with heavier rainfall from November to
January.
 Type 3 – Seasons are not very pronounced, relatively dry from November
to April, and wet during the rest of the year.
 Type 4 – Rainfall is more or less evenly distributed throughout the year.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PAGASA

Test tube baby is a term that refers to a child that is conceived outside the
women’s body by a scientific process known as In-Vitro fertilization or IVF
treatment. This entire process is done in a laboratory. In this process the eggs are
taken from the mother’s ovary and fertilised by the sperms from the father.

The fertilised egg is cultured for 2–6 days and allowed to divided 2-4 times inside
a test tube (hence the name test tube baby) These eggs are then returned
back to the mother’s uterus where it can be developed normally, this is done
with the intention to establish a successful pregnancy.

Test tube baby procedure has greatly helped women having infertility problems
that are untreatable to give birth to healthy babies.
The test tube baby procedure was made possible by scientist Robert Edwards
and gynecologist Patrick Steptoe in 1978 when the first test tube baby, Louise
Brown was born in England. In 2010, Robert G. Edwards was conferred the Nobel
Prize in Physiology or Medicine for developing the IVF treatment.

Now, IVF treatment has given many couples who are suffering from fertility
problems a hope of becoming a parent. Since the first test tube baby in 1978 to
recent times there have been millions of children who are born with the help of
IVF treatment. Now a days test tube baby process is widely followed through out
the world,especially IVF in India is in great demand.

http://www.clinicspots.com/Fertility/IVF/