Dawson Carmack

1st Period

Annotated Bibliography

MacEwan, Arthur. “Private School Enrollment: Some Numbers and Some Speculations.” The
Radical Teacher, no. 49, 1996, pp. 6–11. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/20709888.
This article, which talks about private school enrollment during the 1950s, helped me
find a connection between Kelley vs. Board of Education and The Private School Boom of
1960s. This was a key point in my argument which was that these two seemingly separate events
are connected. This article also helped me understand just how many students transferred into
private schools from public schools.
Redd, George N. “The Status of Educational Desegregation in Tennessee.” The Journal of Negro
Education, vol. 25, no. 3, 1956, pp. 324–333. JSTOR,
JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/2293442
This article helped me understand the lack of enforcement there was to desegregate
public schools after the Brown vs Board of Education case. This helped me set the scene to
introduce the Kelley vs Board of Education case. This article also helped me gain insight on just
how much the public schools were resisting desegregation policies. Finally, this article also
showed me just how bad some of the riots were.
Fred Stroud Leads Protest against Desegregation. 1957, Nashville Public Library.
This picture resonated with me because you can see the anger on everyone’s face as if
they are being tortured by the desegregation of schools even though they aren’t even the ones
being affected. This picture perfectly shows how angry people were in Nashville and how much
they hated black people.
Bettmann/Corbis. First Day of Desegregation. 1954.
This picture was perfect for the website because it shows a little white girl angry at a
black girl her same age all because the influential people in her life told her that the
desegregation of schools was something to be mad. Also, that the blacks didn’t deserve the same
rights as whites just because of their skin tone.
People Marching with Signs to Protest Segregation in Education at the College
and Secondary Levels. 1947, Library of Congress.
This picture shows the other side of the riots which is important because with all of the
white protests many blacks stayed at home so they weren’t put into any danger. However, there
were many NAACP supporters that were out in the streets rioting against segregation in schools.
Protest March against the Segregation of U.S. Schools, St. Louis, MO. 1954.
This picture also shows the other side and the riots that many blacks participated in so
that their voices could be heard. This picture was mainly used to show that there were brave
people stepping up and saying that what they deserve to be equal with the whites and have the
same rights and opportunities.
Paul Davis Taylor Displays Confederate Flag at Highschool That Planned to
Integrate. 1957.
This picture again shows just how angry white people were because of desegregation
policies. White people were acting like it was the end of the world that they would be going to
the same school as a black person even though the blacks deserved the same opportunities for
schooling as the whites had.
AP Photo. Boys Protesting Integration of Highschool.
This photo shows just how influential parents were during this time. There has always
been a blind faith from kids to their parents however in this time, it caused huge riots all because
the kid’s parents told them that race was what mattered the most, not intelligence.
Southern Education Foundation. www.southerneducation.org/Our-Strategies/
Research-and-Publications/Race-Ethnicity-Landing-Pages/
A-History-of-Private-Schools-Race-in-the-American.aspx.
This website helped a lot because it gave me a sense of just how massive the movement
from public to private schooling was during this time when desegregation was actually being
enforced. This website also offered insight on the time period as a whole and was very helpful in
connecting the two events.
University of Mississippi Riots. 1962.
This picture was incredible to me because it shows how many students rallied around this
cause just because they didn’t want blacks to be in the same school as them, and getting the same
opportunities as them. This picture helped me get into the mindset of a student at that time and
try to figure out why they were so mad that black people would get the same chances at success
as them.
Graduation Ceremony. 2017.
This picture’s main use was to show that whites and blacks have the same opportunities
in schooling now. Everyone can get into the same colleges, you just have to meet the
qualifications.