Mobile and Wireless Communication

Complete Lecture Notes #13

Lecture # 13
By
Student Lecture Notes
Mobile Communication

General Information

 Mobile radio communication allows to establish connection to from

the mobile subscriber irrespective of their geographical location

 Mobile requires radio switching networks, namely digital cellular

mobile radio networks

 Via the radio interface the mobile subscriber MS can access the mobile
radio network, known as radio interface
Mobile Communication

General Information

 On the stationary network side the radio interface is served by base

station = BS

 On the mobile network side, the subscriber uses mobile equipment

 A fully digital interface, as employed in GSM/DCS is the basis of

digital mobile radio network.
Digital cellular Mobile Radio Network

 The smallest service area in a mobile

radio network are called radio cells.
The totality of these cells forms a so
called cellular mobile radio network

 Every cell is served by a base station

 The base stations are connected to the

mobile switching centre = MSC
in star shaped configuration

 The MSC are linked to each other and

also function as gateway to the fixed
networks (e.g. PSTN)
GSM
GSM is a standard for global system for mobile communications
GSM 900:
 GSM is a standard for digital cellular mobile radio networks (PLMN) with the
digital transmission in the 900 MHz band
 GSM 900-PLMN are designed for extensive radio coverage even in rural areas
and have a maximum cell radius of 35km

DCS 1800 (Digital cellular system for 1800 MHz bandwidth)

 Variant of the GSM standard, which uses the 1800 MHz band for the radio
interface
 DCS 1800 is designed for radio coverage in the areas with very high
subscriber density
 In DCS 1800 the cells have radius upto 8km, due to this comparatively small
transmit capacity it is possible to use very small size equipment
Service Concept in GSM/DCS

In GSM/DCS PLMN, mobile subscribers are offered three service

Categories
Service Concept in GSM/DCS

Bearer Services:
Bearer services are the pure transport service, with the bearer services the
network functions required for a specific type of message transmission are
clearly defined. These network functions involve for example the support
of various data transmission rates(300b/s to 9.6kb/s) and modes (circuit or
packet switched, synchronous or asynchronous).
Service Concept in GSM/DCS

Teleservices:
 With teleservices , not only the transport functions required for a
connection setup, but also the features and the characteristics of the
terminal equipment are clearly defined e.g., a specific signal protocol
between the terminals

 Teleservices are provided upto the user access point at the terminal
Equipment. Example fax service and short message service etc.
Service Concept in GSM/DCS

Supplementary services:

 Bearer and teleservises are also called the basic services

 Supplementary services cannot be assigned to the users without basic
services
 Supplementary service enhances or modifies the basic services
telephony i.e., call forwarding, call charge display, call hold
Functional Network Architecture

The GSM/DCS system consists of three subsystems

Network components of radio subsystem

The radio subsystem (RSS) consists of

 Mobile Equipment
 Base Station
 Radio Interface
Network components of radio subsystem

 The base station (BS) terminates the radio interface (Um) on the
stationary network side
 The base station includes
Base transceiver station (BTS)
Base Station Controller (BSC)
Transcoding & Rate Adaptation Unit
Network components of radio subsystem

 A BSC can control several BTS

 The interface between the BSC and

BTS is called Abis interface

 The BSC,TRAU and BTS form a

unit which is called Base station
System

 Every BSC contained in the

network controls one base station
system (BSS)
 Network components of radio subsystem

 The BTS provides the cell with radio

interface which means that it provides
the radio channel and sends the cell
descriptive parameters such as
transmit capacity, name of the cell etc

 The BSC is responsible for intelligent

functions in BSS
It controls several BTS
It distributes traffic channel
connections from SSS to BTS
 The Network Component TRAU

 The Transcoding and rate adaptation unit adapts the 64kb/s (speech,
data) from the MSC to the comparatively low transmission rate of the
radio interface

 TRAU consists of two functional units

The trancoder (TC) for the speech compression
The rate adaptor (RD) for data rate adaptation
 TRAU interfaces are called
A interface (to the SSS(MSC))
Asub interface to the BSC (can carry four times no of
channels carried by A interface)
The Network Component TRAU
The Network Component TRAU

 TRAU can be installed on The

MSC site, the network operator can
save the line cost